Guidelines for teaching Basic English skills

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“Guidelines for Teaching Basic English Skills”, developed and designed by Akshara Foundation

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Guidelines for Teaching Basic English Skills

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Let's Count

The Frog and the Rabbit - Story

Friends of the tree

Forest Animals

The Wise Sparrow - Story

Fruits and Vegetables

The Peacock and the Crane - Story

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ENGLISH EVERY DAY - Guidelines for teaching Basic English Skills Dear Teacher,

We all know how quickly and easily children pick up their mother tongue But where do they have a chance to listen

to English in their day-to-day life? This programme is aimed at providing this missing input with your support, in the classroom When you speak in short simple sentences, students will start understanding English language very easily Learning rhymes alone is not sufficient Try to include one 40 minute period for English every day in your

time-table You can create an English language atmosphere, by speaking English regularly in class with the children

b）Please put the Conversation-and-Story Picture Chart that is provided, on the wall so that all students in

the class can see it.

c） TPR is an accepted method of introduction to a language It consists of giving instructions or directions to students; in the beginning they will respond by way of action Teachers will have to ‘model’ the action so

that students can easily follow it

d）In any language activity, the first requirement is to understand the meaning when someone speaks to us Speaking skill comes second So while speaking or telling a story, use methods such as actions, suitable

voice tone, expression and body language In the beginning a minimum use of mother tongue would be helpful to children Do not ask children to learn the story text by heart

e） In the beginning children will communicate only through actions; later with one-word replies; and by

rd

2nd and 3 std will use short sentences When they speak, children may not use correct grammar or

pronunciation Do not push them to do so till they are ready

f） CHAT-TIME is an interactive, fun-filled session which has been included at the end of each lesson

rd th

２ Reading – introduce in 3 and 4 std

a） We use many techniques in learning to read In English, it is important to know not only the name of letters

of the alphabet, but also to know the sound it represents For example letter 'c' has a 'ka' sound in some cases,

(e.g 'cat'); but it also has a ‘sa’ sound, (e.g ‘city’) Alphabet Flashcards will help you teach the sounds to

st th

students in 1 to 4 std

b）Help 3 and 4 std students identify the words on the back of the Flashcards These words show that the

letter may come in the middle or end of the word, yet has the same sound Give an example of a short sentence using each word

c） Another technique is to identify a word directly for which a list of High Frequency Words is provided As

the name suggests, these words are used very commonly in the English language, but often do not follow regular rules of pronunciation

d）A third technique combines the use of the tools mentioned above, in addition allows a student to ‘guess’ the sentence based on pictures, for which Reading Cards are provided

e） How to use Reading Cards: Sit with the students around you Hold up the Reading Card and read it aloud slowly, pointing to each word Read the card again Encourage children to read aloud The same text

is also given in the student's workbook Let students help each other in groups to do the exercises in the

workbook Read out the new words at the bottom of the Reading Card and use each word in a sentence Do not insist on children memorizing spellings or writing down the matter ‘by-heart’.

３． Basic Writing – for 1st to 4th Std

a） Graded workbooks are given for all classes Workbooks can be given to students two days in a week But TPR and conversation activities should be carried out every day Please check the workbooks and correct

the mistakes; this is an important learning for children.

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RHYME: Teach the rhyme everyday, with actions; and explain the meaning of the words.

ACTIVITY -1: Conversation and TPR

Lesson 1 : Let’s Count

One little, two little, three little Indians Four little, five little, six little Indians Seven little, eight little, nine little Indians

Ten little Indian boys we are

Ten little Indian girls we are.

: Good morning children Students : Good morning Miss

: How are you all today? You all know how to count in Kannada Today, we will learn to count in

English Tell me, Sudha, how many teachers are there in this class? (Raise one finger to indicate the number) Sudha : One (May say it aloud, or may show by raising one finger).

: (Point to a student who is in class one), Suman is in class one In which class is Suman?

Students : Class one

: Look at this animal (Point to the cow on the chart) Here is one cow The colour of this cow is

brown The cow is eating grass (Point to the grass) What colour is this cow? Students : Brown

: Children, point to anything brown, that you can see in this room

Students : (May point to a door or a table or anything else which is brown).

: Very good One brown door One brown table One brown chair

: Rohan give me one pencil Madhu please give me one pencil Look, now I have two pencils (hold

up the two pencils) Geeta, point to the cats on this chart How many cats do you see?

Geeta : Two cats

: Mansur, how many legs do we have? (Point to your legs). Mansur : Two legs.

: Very good Geeta and Mansur Let us clap for these two children John, please point to your eyes

How many eyes do you have? John : Two eyes.

: (Point to your ears) Mohan how many ears do you have Mohan : Two ears

: There are two cats in this picture (Hold up two fingers) Look at this blackboard (Point to the

blackboard) The colour of this board is black Shobha, what is the colour of the cats?

Shobha : Black.

: That's correct The cats are black A cat is an animal

: Can you see anything around us that is of the same colour?

Raju : Hair (May say it or may point to his hair).

: Good Our hair is black Children, let us all touch our hair

: (Do Namaste 3 times) How many times did I do namaste? 1, 2, 3 Let us all cough 3 times Good

: Kavita, look at the picture and count how many dogs you can see Kavita : 1,2,3.

: Good There are 3 dogs (Hold up 3 fingers) These are white dogs A dog is an animal Meera, can

you see anything in this room which is white? Meera : Chalk.

Teacher

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: Good morning, children Students : Good morning, Miss.

: (Raise your hands above your head and clap 4 times) Clap, clap, clap, clap Can you all jump? Please jump as I count 1,2,3,4 ( Hold up four fingers and count)

: Now, Sonu, look at these frogs A frog is an animal How many frogs do you see ? Sonu : 1 , 2 3, 4.

: Correct Four green frogs are jumping (Pick up four notebooks) Here are four notebooks (hold up four fingers) Sudha, Geeta, Raju, Sonu Four of you run to the door

(Four students run to the door.)

: Knock on the door four times All four of you, come in Look at the green colour of the frogs Can

you name anything else which is green? Sudha : Leaves Rohit : Raw mango (Encourage

children to think and reply Some may reply in Kannada).

: John, Salma, Rohit, Renuka and Manja, bring your bags and keep them on the table (Show 'on' the

table by action) Let us count the bags on the table 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 There are five bags on the table

(hold up 5 fingers) Meera, count the flowers on this chart (point to the lotuses) Meera :1, 2, 3, 4, 5

: There are five lotuses Are they white lotuses? Students : No.

: These are pink lotuses Does anyone have a pink ribbon? Or a pink pencil box? Can you see

anything else in this room which is pink? Students : (May point to something pink on any chart)

: Jyothi, run around this table five times We will all count as you run 1,2,3,4,5 Look there are

five fingers in a hand (hold up one hand)

: Raju, please come here Bend down and touch your toes (Show the action of bending and

touching your toes) Let us all bend and touch our toes six times I will clap as I count.1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

: Ramya, can you hop six steps and come to the chart? Do you know the name of this animal?

(Point to the rabbits) These are rabbits A rabbit is an animal Please count the number of rabbits

Ramya : 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

: Good These are six rabbits Are they brown rabbits? Ramya : No

: Are these rabbits the same colour as the dogs? Ramya : Yes White.

: These are white rabbits Ashok, which animals have we seen in this chart?

Ashok : Rabbits, cow, dogs, cats, frogs

: Now we have learnt to count up to six Tomorrow we will learn some more counting.

Teacher

: Good answer This chalk is white (Point to blackboard) Is this a white board ?

Gopal : No The board is black

: Look up This ceiling is white Children, point to any other thing which is white (Students may

point to the blank page of a notebook, a calendar on the wall, or a white ribbon, etc) Today we learnt the names of three colours and three animals Rajesh, name the three colours (Point to the cow, cats and dogs)

Rajesh : Brown, black, white

ACTIVITY - 2: Conversation and TPR

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sunflowers in this picture Rohan : 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.

: These sunflowers are yellow Can you name anything else which is yellow? (Draw an apple,

grapes and mango on the board) Here are three fruits on the board One of them is yellow in colour Raju, which is the yellow fruit? (Raju may point to the mango).

: Correct A ripe mango is yellow in colour An apple is not yellow Grapes are not yellow.

: Let us stand in two rows, I will begin to count On each count walk one step forward

(Demonstrate) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 Shake hands with the student opposite you Now walk

backwards seven steps.

: (Show flying action) What am I doing? Flying, like a bird 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 (hold up 8 fingers) Look at these birds on the chart These are parrots Sudha, count how many parrots

there are on this branch Sudha : 8 parrots.

: A parrot is a bird Parrots fly and sit on the trees Come, children Let us all fly like birds Fly

around the room (Students follow the instruction)

: What colour is the parrot? Is it the colour of sunflowers? Students : No

: These parrots are green Look at the grass that this cow is eating Meena, what is the colour of the grass? Meena : Green.

: Basava, is there anything else which is green in this picture? Basava : Frogs

: Can you name some of the colours we have learnt, Anita?

Anita : Green, brown, white (point to the colours on the chart).

: We also know the names pink, brown and yellow (point to the colours in the chart.)

Teacher : (Pick up any other object, like duster or kerchief, which is green) Is this green? Students : Yes

: Govind, do you see anything on this chart which is the colour of your uniform?

Govind : (points to the butterflies)

: Correct Your uniform is blue These are blue butterflies They look so pretty Let us count how many blue butterflies there are on this chart As I count, all of you must tap on the book with your

pencils (Show ‘tapping’ action) 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 (hold up nine fingers).

: Is this a blue table? Students : No.

: Can you see anything else that is blue in this room? (May point to a ballpoint pen, a blue bag, a blue

pencil box, etc)

: Look at this tree There are some apples on the tree Are these blue apples? Students : No ACTIVITY - 4: Conversation and TPR

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of the game (If you do not know the song, you can clap continuously Then stop and call out the number).

: Please form two groups Meena is the leader of one group Sachin is the leader of the second group One student from Meena’s group must call out a number between 1 and 10 A student from Sachin’s group has to come and write it on the board Next, a student from Sachin’s group

calls out a number And a student from Meena’s group must write it on the board (Start this activity with students in 3rd and 4th std Continue till all students have had a chance)

Form a circle One student stands in the centre The students in the circle move and sing “Colour, colour, which colour do you like?” The student in the centre has to name her favourite colour After this the student in the centre goes and joins the circle, and one student from the circle takes her place in the center The circle moves and sings “Colour, colour, which colour do you like?” And the game goes on, till all students get a chance

Make the students stand in a circle A student selects any animal and starts counting , “One cat” The next student must proceed with “two cats”; the third student must say “three cats” and so on till they reach “ten cats” Start again with “One cow” and proceed till the students have counted up to “ten cows” Similarly this can continue with counting any of the other animals, from 1 to 10

Teacher

: Rahul, come and count the apples on this tree We will all clap every time you point to an apple

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 (Hold up ten fingers) Maya, come and draw ten balls on the board

Maya : (Draws ten balls).

Teacher : Children let us call out the numbers from 1 to10 (Make the children repeat the numbers a few

times).

: We have ten fingers (hold up both hands) Children, raise both your hands Wave both your hands

Ten fingers are waving bye - bye

Hand out Workbooks two days in a week to students to practice writing skills While class 1 & 2 students are writing, distribute Reading Cards to students of classes 3 & 4 to practice reading skills Older students can practice writing skills either during class time or do it as home-work.

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Lesson 2 : The Frog and the Rabbit

: Good morning, children Students: Good morning, Miss.

: (Keep a bucket or a basket ready Also keep a piece of chalk, and an

empty cup or glass on the table.)

: Raghu and Sudha, come here (As you speak, let a piece of chalk drop

into the bucket.) Oh, look the chalk has fallen into the bucket Raghu, peep into the bucket (Show peeping action) Raghu, can you see the

chalk inside the bucket? Raghu : Yes, Miss

: Help me, pick the chalk out of the bucket The bucket is deep (Show

that the whole arm goes into the bucket.).

: Raghu, please wait Now Sudha, come here (Drop the chalk into the cup) Oh! The chalk has

fallen into this cup Sudha Help me get the chalk out of this cup Is this cup deep?

Sudha : (Picking up the chalk from the cup) No

: This bucket is deep (Keep the cup beside the bucket on the table You can also draw a bucket next

to a small cup on the board, to explain this idea of 'deep'.)

: Javid, what is this? (On the blackboard, show a ladder leaning against a house)

Javid : Ladder (may say in Kannada).

: This is a ladder Javid, what do we use a ladder for? Javid : (shows climbing action).

: We climb a ladder to reach the top You climb the stairs of a building (Draw stairs next to the house on the board) I am going to tell you a story Look at this chart (Read the ENGLISH

sentences, pointing to each picture as you read The Kannada translation is for your guidance only).

1 Once a little frog fell into a deep hole

And he could not come out of it He started shouting for help

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2 A rabbit was playing in the grass

Hearing the frog, he came and peeped into the hole He said, “Wait I will get a ladder And help you get out” And the rabbit ran off

3 When the rabbit returned with the

ladder, the frog was already out of the hole! “How did you come out?” asked the rabbit in surprise

4 “I saw a snake in the hole I was very

afraid I wanted to run far away And I jumped out of the hole!” said the frog

THE FROG AND THE RABBIT PĂ¥Ĩă ªĂÔvĂÔÛ ªĨƯ®

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Practice alphabet song for ‘A’ holding the flash-card “ A says APPLE starts with

For students in classes 3 and 4, read out the words “ant, cat, axe, hat” which are on the reverse of

the card Make a short sentence with each word

: (Try to use simple English You may use Kannada words only if students in class 1 do not

understand.) We saw four green frogs when we were learning to count A frog is not a big animal This is a small animal (Show ‘small’ by action) Can you name a big animal? Mohan : Elephant.

: Good answer, Mohan An elephant is a big animal (Show ‘big’ by action) Geeta, come and point to the frog in the first picture Geeta : (points to the frog).

: Good When you run and play, you also fall sometimes (show the action of running and falling) One day, a little frog fell into a deep hole Shobha, can a little frog, a small frog, come out

of a deep hole? (Point to the frog in the hole) Shobha : No.

: The frog was frightened (Show expression of being frightened) How can the frog come out

now? It started shouting, “Help me Help me.” Which animal heard the frog? Govind, can you see any other animal near the hole? Govind : Rabbit.

: Good Do you remember, we saw six rabbits when we were learning to count in English A rabbit

was playing in the grass He came running And he peeped inside the hole (Bend and show

‘peeping’ action) John, what did he see? John : A frog

: Look at the second picture This is a deep hole Anita, how can the frog come out? Can you

think of an idea? Anita : (May suggest a rope or ladder).

: Good The rabbit went to get a ladder Jyoti, can you tell me which other animal is

entering the hole? Jyoti : A snake (May say it in Kannada)

: Correct That is a snake (Show the movement of a snake with your hand, on a flat surface like the table or the ground) We have two legs Shabana, does a snake have legs? Shabana : No.

: The snake moves along the ground The snake can also climb trees A snake does not need a ladder

Who has seen a snake? Raise your hand

: Snakes like to eat frogs The little frog got very frightened (Show expression of being frightened)

And the frog jumped out of the hole When the rabbit came with the ladder, was the frog inside the

hole? (Point to the third picture) Students : No

: The frog was out of the hole The rabbit was surprised (Show expression of surprise on your face) “How did you come out?” the rabbit asked The frog pointed to the snake inside the hole

He said, “I was very frightened I tried very hard, and jumped out” In picture four, what are the frog and the rabbit doing? Meena : They are peeping.

: The rabbit also saw the snake Both the rabbit and the frog ran away They were safe now

Children, tomorrow we will do a role play of this story

Practice alphabet song for 'B' holding the flash-card “ B says BUS starts with

For students in classes 3 and 4, read out the words “bat, bed, ball, tub” which are on the reverse of the card Make a short sentence with each word

ACTIVITY - 2 : Conversation and TPR

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Help students of classes 3 and 4 practice this role play It will help all children pick up the language quickly

Characters: Select students for the roles of frog, rabbit, snake, and 4 or 5 students to hold hands and stand

in a circle, to form a deep hole (The Frog is singing: “The wheels of the bus go round and round”, and running around Suddenly he falls into a hole.)

Frog : (Shouts) Oh! Ooh! Aah! This is a deep hole How do I get out? (Looks worried The frog tries to

come out But the hole is very deep).

Frog : Help ! Help ! (A rabbit is playing nearby.)

Rabbit : (Looks around for the person making the sound) Who is shouting for help? (He comes to the hole

and peeps in).

Frog : It is me, Frog Please help me to come out

Rabbit : Wait, I have a plan I will bring a ladder

Frog : Please get it quickly

(The rabbit runs to get the ladder Meanwhile, a snake quietly comes into the hole.)

Frog : Ohh! A Snake! A snake Oh! Rabbit, Rabbit, where are you? (Looks around for a way to get

out; is very frightened.) (The frog tries to climb But slips down Then says, “1 – 2 -3” and jumps out of the hole).

Rabbit : (Comes running carrying a ladder) I'm coming….Oh! How did you come out? (Is surprised

to see the frog out of the hole)

Frog : I saw a snake I was very frightened

Rabbit : Oh ! A snake !

Frog : So I jumped

Rabbit : (Starts clapping) Very good! You are safe now (The snake looks angrily at them).

Frog : Look, look There is the snake (Both Rabbit and Frog peep inside the hole).

Rabbit : Let us run far away (The frog and the rabbit hold hands and run away from the snake).

Practice alphabet song for 'C' holding the flash-card “ 'C' says CAT starts with

For students in classes 3 and 4, read out the words “candle, cup, car, doctor”, which are on the reverse of the card Make a short sentence with each word

Teacher : Who will tell the story by looking at this chart? Come, Subhash, tell the story (After Subhash,

if any other student wants to tell the story to the class, encourage them)

Now we will do the role-play (Select eight students to act out the story Next time, another

group of eight students will get a chance to do the role play).

For students in classes 3 and 4, read out the words “door, bed, duck, bird”, which are on the reverse of the card Make a short sentence with each word

qï, qï

ACTIVITY - 3 : Role Play

ACTIVITY - 4: Story telling

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Teacher: Sowmya, can you show a big snake? (Stretch your arms).Now show a small snake Mohan, show a small frog Now show a big frog (Show action of 'small' and 'big')

Children, stand in a circle Geeta, stand in the centre Give instructions See that all students do the correct

action The one who is not listening and makes a mistake, is out of the game (The idea is to give instructions fast, one after the other, and sometimes repeating the same instructions, for some fun).

Big snake

Small snake

Big frog

Small frogSmall frogSmall snake

(You could add: big dosa - small dosa; big hill – small hill; with matching actions, when students start understanding and enjoying)

Practice alphabet song for A, B, C, D, holding the flash-cards

Draw a large circle on the floor Ask any student to give the instructions When she says “Frog”, all children must jump outside the circle Next when she says “Snake”, the children must jump into the circle The

instructions must be given faster and faster, to see how quickly the students respond

Start this activity with 3 std and 4 std students Help them the first time with the sentences and explain the words, some of which have been used in this lesson They can do the action as they say the sentence They will soon understand the activity; younger children will also pick it up New sentences can be added like the samples given below

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RHYME: Teach the rhyme everyday with actions Explain the meaning of the words

Lesson 3 : Friends of the tree

Old Mac Donald had a farm, E I E I O And on that farm he had some ducks,

Here a quack, there a quack, everywhere a quack-quack.

E I E I O With a quack - quack here, and a quack-quack there

: Good afternoon, children Students : Good afternoon, Miss.

: (Place a piece of chalk on the table) There is a chalk on the table Jeetu, please keep this duster on the table (Jeetu keeps the duster on the table) Thank you Where is the chalk?

Jeetu : On the table.

: Where is the duster? Subhash : On the table.

: Good The duster is also on the table Now, all of you please stand in a circle Keep your note

book on your head (Demonstrate the action of keeping the book on your head and walk)

Walk slowly Now place your hand on the book Now try to walk fast Can you do it?

Students : Yes, Miss

: Look at this picture This is a tree (Point to the tree on the chart) Madhu, have you seen a

tree? Madhu: Yes, Miss.

: This is a tree And this is a house (Draw a house on the board Next to it draw a tree.) Anita,

do you live on a tree? (Point to the tree) Anita : No Miss

: Who lives on a tree? Students: Birds (Students may say it in Kannada).

: Birds have wings Birds can fly (Show flying action) Roopa, please count how many birds there are on this tree (Point to the chart) Roopa: Four.

: That's right We see four birds Ravi, are the birds flying? Ravi: No, Miss.

: The birds are sitting on the tree You are sitting on the bench (or floor) The birds are sitting

on the tree Suman, can you see a parrot on this tree? Do you remember we saw green parrots

when we learnt counting? Suman: Yes (points to the parrot)

: Look, the green parrot has a red beak (Show a beak by gesture) There is also a black bird on the tree Shobha, can you point to it? Shobha: (Points to the crow).

: It is a crow We see crows flying around our home We see crows around our school

(Show ‘around us’ by action) A dog makes the sound “bow-bow” Mohan, what sound does a

crow make? Mohan : Caw, caw

: Raju what colour is a crow’s beak Raju : Black

Teacher : Do you live in a house? (Point to the house on the black board) Anita : Yes Miss.

(Continue the rhyme substituting “cats”, or “dogs” or “goats” in place of “ducks”).

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: Good afternoon, children Students : Good afternoon, Miss.

: We have seen a parrot and a crow in this picture Renuka, do you see a bird with a long tail? It

is also on the tree Renuka : There (points to the peacock).

: Correct That bird is a peacock A peacock has a long tail (Point to the peacock’s tail) It looks beautiful when it dances (By gesture, show how beautiful it is) Who has seen peacock?

Students : (A few students may raise their hands)

: A peacock is a big bird (Show ‘big’ by action) Mamata, can you point to a sparrow? It is

small bird which is also on the tree (Show small by action)

Mamata : This bird (Points to the sparrow).

: This small bird is a sparrow We can see sparrows near our homes and near our school

What is the colour of the sparrow? Students : Brown

: Who has seen a sparrow? Students : (A few students may raise their hands)

: A bird's home is called a nest Kumar, can you point to the nest on the tree ?

Kumar : (Points to the nest).

: Yes, the nest is on the tree I can see something in the nest What is it, Kavita?

Kavita : 3 Eggs.

: Yes There are three eggs in the nest Children, we have seen a crow; we have also seen a

parrot, a peacock and a sparrow on the tree All birds have beaks All birds have wings (Open

out your arms to show wings) Birds can fly (Show flying action) Some birds fly high in the

sky Some do not fly very high

For students in classes 3 and 4, read out the words “frock, fish, sofa, shelf” which are on the reverse of

¥sï, ¥sï, ¥sï” ¥sï ¥sï ¥sï,

¥sï.

Teacher : Which birds did we talk about today? Students: Parrot; crow.

Practice alphabet song for ‘E’ holding the flash-card E says EGG starts with

For students in classes 3 and 4, read out the words “elephant, engine, pen, hen” which are on the reverse

of the card Make a short sentence with each word

J

Teacher

: Good morning, children Students : Good morning, Miss.

: There are some fruits on the tree Netra, come and count the fruits Netra : 1, 2,3 ten fruits : Birds like to eat fruits Birds like to eat seeds (Show the action of pecking the fruit with the beak)

There is also an animal sitting on a branch of the tree The animal is eating a fruit Janet can you

tell me what it is? Janet : (Points to the squirrel.)

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: It is a squirrel A squirrel is an animal It likes to eat fruits A squirrel likes to eat nuts Who has

seen a squirrel? Students : (Some students may raise their hands).

: Look at the tail of the squirrel Sohail, is it a big tail? (Indicate 'big' by action).

Sohail : Yes, it is a big tail

: The squirrel is a small animal, with a big tail It lives on the tree Mohan, is there one more

animal sitting on the branch of the tree? Mohan : Yes, a monkey (points to the monkey).

: Very good A monkey is sitting on a branch (Point to the branch) Jacob, does a monkey have a

tail? Jacob: Yes (Points to the monkey's tail).

: A monkey has a tail ( Place a 12” scale and a 6” scale side by side on the table Or else

draw one long line and one shorter line, side-by-side on the board) This is a long scale

Supriya, come here and pick up the short scale Does the monkey in the picture have a long tail?

Supriya : Yes, Miss

: A monkey has two legs and two arms (Point to your legs and arms) It climbs trees (Show

climbing action; jumping action) It jumps from branch to branch Vikram, how many legs does a

squirrel have? Vikram : Four

: A squirrel has four legs A squirrel jumps from branch to branch Divya, can you name the

animals we see on this tree? Divya : Monkey; Squirrel.

Practice alphabet song for ‘G’ holding the flash-card “ G says GATE starts with

For students in classes 3 and 4, read out the words “goat, girl, dog, bag” which are on the reverse of the

card Make a short sentence with each word

: Good morning, children Students: Good morning, Miss.

: (Draw an umbrella on the blackboard.) Rekha, come and draw a flower on the umbrella

Rekha : (draws a flower on the umbrella)

: Good The flower is on the umbrella Now, Sudhakar draw a cat under the umbrella (Show

action to denote 'under') Sudhakar : Draws the cat under the umbrella.

: Let us see what is under this tree (Point to the picture) Deepa, what is flying under the tree?

Is it a bird? Deepa : No, Miss

: It is a butterfly We saw blue butterflies when we were learning to count in English A butterfly

also sits on the tree There are two birds under the tree Ravi, which is the bird that makes the

sound “quack-quack”? Ravi : ( Points to the duck).

: It is a duck A duck has a beak and wings It says “quack-quack” Who has seen a duck? :

(Some may raise their hands).

: There is one more bird under the tree Anita, point to the hen under the tree

Anita : (Points to the hen.)

: This is a hen Those who have hens in your home, raise your hand What is the colour of your

hens? Student 1: White Student 2: Black Student 3: Brown.

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: Some hens are white Some are black Some are brown Madhu, does your hen give eggs?

: I also see an animal under the tree Govind, is that a dog? Govind : No (Points to the goat).

: This is a goat Who keeps goats in their house? Students : (Some may raise their hand.)

: Who can make a sound like a goat? Students : (Some students may make a sound like a goat ).

: Raju, what does your goat eat? Raju : My goat eats grass

: Some goats are black Some goats are brown Some goats are white Raju : My goat is black.

: Sudha, please come here She is a girl Meena is a girl All the girls please sit in a row (Point to girls in the class) Javed is a boy Raju is a boy (Point to boys in the class) All the boys, please

stand in a row

: Ashok Is there a girl under the tree? Ashok : No

: A boy is standing under the tree A goat, a duck, and a hen are also under the tree Bye-bye, see you

all tomorrow for another class of English

For students in classes 3 and 4, read out the words “hand, hen, horse, house” which are on the reverse of

: Good morning, children Students : Good morning Miss

: Shankar, who is your best friend in the class? Shankar : Madhu.

: Shankar is Madhu’s friend He likes to play with Madhu; he likes to have lunch with Madhu They go home together after school Priya, which birds are the friends of the tree?

Priya : Parrot, crow, sparrow, peacock

: Good Birds have their nests in the tree Birds and animals get their food from the tree They are friends of the tree Now we will have an activity Please stand in a circle Each one of you must tell the name your best friend Shankar has told Madhu’s name Priya, your turn next

Say : My best friend is ” Give each student a chance to speak

Form two teams Leader of team ‘A’ is given a book, duster, school bag, scale The leader has to place these items,

‘on’ or ‘under’ the table Leader of team ‘B’ is given a kerchief, a pencil, a piece of chalk, and a pencil-box The leader has to place these items ‘on’ or under’ a chair Each team must describe the position of the item Every correct answer gets a point In the beginning, children may only reply: “On the table” instead of a complete sentence This is fine Children can add to this list of ideas

CHAT –TIME 1:

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A- Where is the book / duster/bag/scale

The book is on the tableThe duster is under the tableThe bag is under the tableThe scale is on the table

B - Where is the kerchief /pencil/ chalk / box

The kerchief is on the chairThe chalk is on the chairThe pencil is under the chairThe box is on the chair

CHAT –TIME 2: Divide students into teams of three A student from ‘B’ waits outside the door and

knocks A student from ‘A’ asks the question, “ Who is it?” The student who knocked answers: “I am cow”

A students from ‘C’ says “Come in” 3rd and 4th std students can add to this list of questions and answers

Students in 3 and 4 std, should be encouraged to make their own sentences.

Trang 19

Rhyme: Teach children the rhyme daily with action; explain the meaning of the words

Lesson 4 : Forest Animals

Rabbit, Rabbit, 1 - 2 - 3 Will you come and play with me

Tiger, Tiger, 4 - 5 - 6 How did you get stripes like this

Elephant, Elephant start again

: Good afternoon children Students: Good afternoon, Miss

: Shobha, come and draw a house on the board (Shobha draws a house).

: (Draw a girl in the house) Shobha, you live in a house I live in a house We all live in a house

: (Place flashcards of a dog, cat and elephant on the table These are in the alphabet flashcards

for 'd', 'c', 'e' given by Akshara) Radha, pick up the card with a dog (Radha picks up the card).

: Now, Sudha, pick up a card with an elephant (Sudha picks up the card for letter ‘E’ with

the elephant picture on the reverse).

: Cats and dogs are animals These are pet animals They live with us in our house Does an

elephant live in our house? (Draw a 'big' elephant near the drawing of the house).

: That's right Elephants are not pet animals An elephant lives in a forest An elephant is a wild

animal Ramesh, do you see many trees in this picture? Ramesh: Yes, Miss

: There are many trees in a forest (point to the trees on the chart) There are animals and birds in

a forest Look at this picture of a forest Jeetu, do you see any houses in this picture? Do you see any roads in this picture? Jeetu: No houses No roads

: Madhu, can you point to the elephant in this forest? Madhu : (Points to elephant) Elephant.

: An elephant has a long trunk (hold your arm like an elephant's trunk and move it) There

are two elephants in this forest Look at the big elephant behind Asha, is the elephant drinking

water? (Show the action of drinking) Asha : No

: The elephants are taking a bath Elephants are big animals Elephants have big ears (Move

your hands and show ears flapping) Meena, touch your ears Do you have big ears like the

elephant? Meena : No, Miss

: We have small ears (Draw an elephant on the board DO NOT draw the ears) Raju, take this

chalk Draw the big ears of the elephant (Raju draws the ears of the elephant).

: Many wild animals live in a forest Some are big Some are small Tomorrow we will learn

about some more forest animals

Practice alphabet song for ‘I’ holding the flash-card “ I says INKPOT starts with

For students in classes 3 and 4, read out the words “India, injection, pin, nib” which are on the

reverse of the card Make a short sentence with each word

Teacher

E, E

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: Good afternoon children Student : Good afternoon Miss

: Geeta, which animal did we see in the forest yesterday? Geeta : Elephant.

: (Draw straight lines inside a square) Mohan, what do you see in this square? Mohan : Lines.

: We also call them 'stripes' In this picture, can you point to an animal which has stripes on its

body? Student : (Points to the tiger) This animal.

: This is a tiger Jaya, what colour are the stripes? Jaya: Black.

: The Tiger has black stripes on its body Mohan, do you like cats? Mohan: Yes.

: You can pick up a cat and hold it close to you Can you pick up a tiger? Students : No.

: Correct You cannot pick up a tiger Because a tiger is a very big cat It is a big animal The tiger is a wild animal Gopal, where does the tiger live? Gopal: Forest.

: Correct Tigers live in the forest A tiger has a long tail

: Deepa, run to the table Raise your hand Can you reach the top, the ceiling? Deepa : No : Stand on your toes, like this (show action of standing on your toes) Now, can you reach the

ceiling? Deepa: No

: Nobody in this room can reach the ceiling If you are very, very tall, then you can reach the

ceiling (Stretch your arms above your head and show “tall” Draw two trees One is a tall coconut tree, another is a short tree) Look, here are two trees Jayant, come show me the tall tree Erase the short tree (Jayant erases the short tree from the blackboard).

: John, is there a very tall animal in this forest?

John : This animal (points to the giraffe in the picture).

: Good That is a giraffe It is a very tall animal A giraffe has a very long neck This is my neck Maya show me your neck Do you have a very long neck like the giraffe? Maya : No : What is the giraffe doing with its long neck? Sudha : Eating.

: The giraffe is eating the green leaves on the tree The giraffe does not need a ladder to reach

the leaves

For students in classes 3 and 4, read out the words “jug, jacket, juice, joker” which are on the

reverse of the card Make a short sentence with each word

eï, eï

: Good morning, children Students : Good morning, Miss.

: Yesterday we talked about a giraffe with a long neck Hari, point to the animal near the giraffe

(Hari points to the deer) Does it have a long neck? Hari : No.

: This is a deer It eats something green that grows on the ground Rohan, can you point to

something which is green and grows on the ground, in this picture?

Rohan : This is green (pointing to the grass in the picture).

: Grass grows on the ground A deer eats grass Salma, does a tiger eat grass? Salma: No.

: A deer eats grass Does a cow eat grass? Hema, does a goat eat grass? Hema: Yes

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Teacher

: (Show the action of listening) Can you hear the sound coming from outside the class-room

Students : Yes, Miss

: A deer has very sharp ears It can hear very well When a deer hears a danger sound, the deer runs away very fast Manja, can you run very fast? Manja : Yes Very fast.

: When a tiger comes to catch the deer, what does the deer do, Savita? Savita : The deer runs.

: Correct The deer runs away

Practice alphabet song for ‘K’ holding the flash-card “ K says KEY starts with

For students in classes 3 and 4, read out the words “king, kite, bucket, book” which are on the reverse of the card

Make a short sentence with each word

: Good morning children Students : Good morning, Miss.

: Amir which animals have we seen in this chart? Amir : Elephant, tiger, deer, giraffe

: (Draw a cat on the blackboard- DO NOT draw a tail) Soma, do you have a tail? Does

Aishwarya have a tail? Soma : No.

: We do not have tails Animals have tails Rita, draw the cat's tail (Rita draws the cat’s tail) : Excellent Anita, can you see an animal with a long, hanging tail?

Anita : (Points to the monkey) Yes.

: Is it sitting on the ground? Anita : No.

: Thank you Anita That is a monkey It is sitting on the branch of a tree (Point to the tree and branch) Monkeys live on trees Radha, what is in the monkey's hand? (Point to the monkey in the picture) Radha : Food (shows eating action)

: Monkeys like to eat fruits and nuts Chaitra, can you see any other animal up in the tree?

Chaitra : (May point to the snake).

: The snake moves along the ground The snake also climbs a tree Who has seen a snake?

(Some students may raise their hands).

: Please show how a snake moves Do you remember the snake in the story “The Frog and the

Rabbit”? Which animal ran away from the snake in the hole? Madhu : Rabbit.

: Now when I point to any animal in this picture, you must call out the name of that animal

(Point to each animal on the chart one by one).

Practice alphabet song for ‘L’ holding the flash-card “ L says LOCK starts with

For students in classes 3 and 4, read out the words “leaf, lion, police, ball,” which are on the reverse of the

card Make a short sentence with each word

¯ï

Teacher

: Look at me (Walk in a grand style like a king Then sit in royal style on the chair) Who

walks like this? Who sits like this? A king A raja Have you seen a picture of a king? (Show the

back of the flashcard for letter 'K' with the picture of a king) Students: Yes.

: Priya, in this picture of the forest, which animal is sitting like a king? Priya : (Points to the lion).

: This is a lion He is called the king of the forest Meera, is this a red lion? Meera: No Yellow

: A lion’s skin is yellow The sound that a lion makes is called roaring A lion roars very loudly

A tiger also roars Sonu, does a snake roar? Sonu: No.

: What sound does a snake make? (Students may or may not know).

: A snake makes a ‘hiss, hiss’ sound A snake does not roar Who can roar like a lion? (Students

make roaring sounds).

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: (Do flying action with your arms) Is this how a lion or elephant moves? Students: No.

: (Point to the bird on the chart) Manjunath, what is this? Manjunath : A bird

: We saw some birds in the lesson “Friends of the tree” Aishwarya, can you name some birds?

Aishwarya: Crow Parrot Peacock

: These are the wings of a bird (Point to the wings of the bird on the chart) A bird flies

in the sky

: Please stand in a circle I will ask questions, you must name the animal, I am talking about

1 This animal has a long neck Name the animal

2 This animal has big ears Name the animal

3 This animal jumps from tree to tree Name the animal

4 This animal has black stripes on its body Name the animal

5 This animal has no legs, but can climb a tree Name the animal

6 This animal walks like a king, sits like a king Name the animal

Children must have this conversation in pairs One student asks a question, the partner replies (Sample sentences are given Encourage children to give new dialogues Start with students from 3 and 4 Std Students

in classes 1 and 2 will soon participate.)

How are you Mr Lion?

How are you Mr Giraffe?

How are you Mr Monkey?

How are you Mr Tiger?

I'm fine Thank you

I'm well Thank you

I'm fine Thank you

I'm well, thank you

CHAT –TIME 2 :

Students of 3 and 4 Std could form Group A and ask the questions Group B gives a one word answer - ideal for 1 Std students Group C answers are ideal for 2 and 3 Std students

Is that your cat?

Is that your hen?

Is that your pencil?

Is that your hat?

Is that your dog?

Trang 23

Lesson 5 : The Wise Sparrow

: How old are you Suman? What is your age Prema? What is your

age Prakash? Suman : 7 years, Prema : 8 years, Prakash : 8 years

: Do any of you have a grandfather (tatha or ajja) at home ? Do you

have a grandmother (ajji or amma) at home? How old is your tatha?

How old is your ajji? Do you know?

Students : (Some may guess their age as 60 or 70 years).

: You are young children Your grandfather and grandmother are old

They are much older than you They know many things that you do not know A grandfather is also called ‘grandpa’ I am going to tell you a story about a grandfather sparrow and some young sparrows Are sparrows big birds? Students : No They are small birds.

: Sparrows are small birds (Show by hand gesture the small size of sparrows) We have seen a

sparrow in the lesson “Friends of the tree” What colour are sparrows, Nalini? Nalini : Brown.

: Sparrows like to eat grain (Draw some grains of wheat on the black board) These are grains of wheat Chapathis are made of wheat Puris are also made from wheat (Show action of rolling

out chapathis) Children, what is the favourite thing you like to eat?

Student : Ice-cream Student : Barfi Student : Chocolate

: Your favourite is chocolate or ice-cream or barfi The favourite of the sparrows is grains of wheat Manjunath, point to the Grandpa sparrow in the 1st picture

Manju : (Points to the sparrow)

: There is a hunter in this story (Show a hunter using a bow-and-arrow) Meena,

point to the hunter in the last picture (Meena points to the hunter).

: What does a hunter do? He tries to catch animals and birds Now listen to the story (Read slowly

the ENGLISH sentences under each picture, pointing to each picture as you read).

1 Some sparrows saw wheat grains on the ground and

wanted to pick them up Grandpa sparrow warned

them, “Don’t go You will get caught” The young

sparrows laughed at the old sparrow.

2 They flew down to pick the grain But

suddenly, a net dropped down over them And

they got caught in the net

3 “Oh! We are caught What shall we do?” they cried

The wise old sparrow advised, “Lie down quietly,

don’t move Act as if you are dead, till I shout FLY.

4 When the hunter came, he thought the birds were

dead So he lifted the net The old sparrow shouted

‘FLY’ All the sparrows flew off at once “Thank

you, Grandpa,” the young sparrows called out The

hunter did not get even a single bird.

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eÂt ºĂQÌThe wise sparrow

Trang 24

Practice alphabet song for ‘M’ holding the flash-card “ M says MANGO

monkey, drum” which are on the reverse of the card Make a short sentence with each word

ªÀiï, ªÀiï, ªÀiï ªÀiï ªÀiï ªÀiï, ªÀiï, ªÀiï

: Does your mother (amma or avva) sometimes tells you, “Don’t eat too many green mangoes”?

Your mother knows that you may become sick, so she is warning you to be careful Your

amma is wise She tells you what you should not do Here, Grandpa sparrow is warning them,

“Danger! Do not go near the grains ” (Convey a tone of warning with a gesture) Harish, did

the young sparrows listen to him? Harish : No.

: Ha, ha, ha ! The young sparrows laughed Shobha, can you tell what is happening in the second picture? Shobha : The sparrows are flying down.

: (Hold some small pieces of chalk in your raised hand, as if these are the young sparrows.)

Look, here the young sparrows are on the tree They do not listen to the warning They go

down to eat the grains of wheat (With a swinging action, drop the pieces of chalk on the table

Immediately drop a kerchief on the chalk pieces) Suddenly, something drops over the

sparrows What is it, Sudhir? Sudhir : Net.

: Correct That is the hunter's net Now the sparrows are caught in the net They start crying What do you think they are saying, Umashree? Umashree : How can we run away, now?

: Shhh! Children can you all sit quietly? Please don’t move at all (Keep your finger on your lips to

indicate “being quiet”) You can start moving again, only when I say MOVE Do not move

your hands or legs; do not move your fingers Close your eyes Be very, very quiet (Wait for

10 seconds) MOVE Now you can MOVE This is Grandpa's idea He tells the sparrows to be

very quiet Do not move at all, says Grandpa Why did Grandpa sparrow ask them not to move, Tejaswini?

Tejaswini : To keep very quiet (If the student replies in Kannada, help her to say it in English).

: Correct So that the hunter would think that they were dead Grandpa asks them to wait until he

says FLY When the hunter comes, the hunter thinks that the sparrows are dead (Hang out your tongue, stare with open eyes Turn your neck to one side - act like a 'dead' person) So the hunter lifts the net (Lift the kerchief covering the pieces of chalk) Javid, what did Grandpa

sparrow say when the hunter lifted the net? Javid : FLY.

: Look at the last picture The sparrows are flying away Look at the hunter What is the hunter thinking, Suman? Suman : Oh, how did the sparrows fly? Were the sparrow dead?

: The hunter was surprised (show surprise in your expression) Look at his face, in the last

picture Now the young sparrows were safe Did you like the story? Shall we do a role play

tomorrow? Students : Yes, Miss.

For students in classes 3 and 4, read out the words “net, bench, nest, sun” which are on the reverse of the card Make a short sentence with each word

£ï, £ï, £ï

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