Architecture English Exercise Unit 08

1. His duty is to design the architecture complex together with his partners. The underlined phrase is used as _____. A. prepositional phrase used as a complement B. infinitive phrase used as a complement C. prepositional phrase used as a modifier D. infinitive phrase used as a modifier 2. “The wind may be strong enough to overturn a building ,or even to lift a very light building off its foundation”. The underline phrase is used as_______________. A. a subjective complement B. an object C. an adverb to modify the adjective D. a modifier of purpose

(1) (2)

Types of

clauses

(3) questions

(4) conjunctions

(5) examples

(6) notes

after, before, until, since, as long as, once, by the time

That (tới lúc mà) , no sooner

…than…, as soon

as Whenever : bất cứ khi nào/

the minute: cái giâ phút mà…/

the moment : cái lúc mà…

Hardly… when:

vừa mới …thì

Immediately (vừa mới, khi mới vừa)

-Come back as soon as you can

-When it rains, I usually go to school by taxi

1 Khi mệnh đề chỉ thời gian liên quan đến thì future thì động từ dùng sau conj

Thường là simple present: She will move into a new house when her baby is born

2 Khi mệnh đề này bắt đầu bằng chữ SINCE thì trong main clause động từ ở thì present perfect hoặc past perfect:

They have moved house twice since they got married

Immediately có thể dùng như conjunction trong lối văm đàm thoại:

Immediately he earns any money he spends it

wherever, anywhere, everywhere

-I will go wherever you will go

- Put these books back where they belong to

though (dường như), in that, in

- This fish isn’t cook as I like

- He ran fast as if he were a ghost

the way that

cause

vì), since(bởi vì),

as seeing that (nhận thấy rằng;

xét rằng), now that (vì, xét rằng)

- I sold my house, because it was too small

-Since you won’t help me, I must do the job myself

1 Khi mệnh đề này bắt đầu bằng since,

as, seeing that thì nó thường đứng trước mệnh đề chính: - As (since, seeing that)

my secretary is away at present, I have a great many extra letters to answer

2 Mệnh đề này khi bắt đầu bằng chữ

“because” thường đứng sau mệnh đề chính

3 Mệnh đề này khi bắt đầu bằng chữ “for” phải đứng sau mệnh đề chính

4 “For” không thể đứng sau “not” và “but”:

He stole not because he wanted the money because he liked steating

5 “For” không dùng để trả lời một câu hỏi

FOR?

So that, in order that, for fear that : sợ rằng; so that

…not (để …không) , in case…

-Some people eat so that they may live

- Others seem live in order that they may eat.= Others seem to live in order to eat

- We seat here so that we can get some knowledge + We seat here to get some knowledge

1 Các từ may, might, should, shall thường dùng sau các từ nối và đi với main verb

2 Mệnh đề này tương đương với INF- Phraes

ON

Though, although, as though, even though, even if, however,

whatever (+ adj.;

- How beautiful she is, I never love her

- Whatever you may say, I’m still in love with him

-I did well in my exam, even if

I didn’t get a prize

1 Trong văn nói tiếng Anh, từ “it doesn’t matter” (chẳng có vấn đề gì) được dùng giới thiệu sự nhượng bộ

2 “though” thường được sử dụng trong văn nói: Though he was poor, he is honest

+adv), no matter, how, whether or not; in spite of, the fact that, whatever, whoever

Poor as he was, he’s honest (văn viết)

ION OR

DEGREE

HOW? As, than, as …as,

more than, just

as ( ngay như)

As if (dường như)

- He answers as quickly as his brother does

- This lesson was not so easy

as I thought

OR

EFFECT

So (vì thế cho nên)(+ adjective;

adv) that/ Such +

A (an) + adj + noun + that; so (that); so… that:

cho đến nỗi mà

-My teacher explains this lesson so fast that I couldn’t catch her ideas

-She is such a beautiful girl that all the boys are turned

on

1 Trong mệnh đề này các từ “ may, might, should” không được đi theo

S

If, unless (nếu không)

, supporting (that): giả sừ như…/

provided that:

miễn là/

, as (so) long as:

miễn là/ on condition that (với điều kiện là)

-I shall go if he asks me./

I shan’t go unless he asks

me

I shall go so long as (provided that, on condition that ) he asks me

- If you spare the rod, you will spoil your child)= Spare the rod, spoil the child: bỏ cây roi, đứa bé hư

1 loại câu này dùng trong câu tục ngữ khi điều kiện diễn đạt ở dạng yêu cầu

10 CONTRACT While, whereas - He earns 200 dollars a year

whereas she spends at least

20000 dolars Dùng trình bày mối quan hệ giữa hai ý tưởng trong đó có mệnh đề phụ là Adverbial clauses

Mệnh đề này thường bắt đầu bằng một subordinating conjunction : after, although, whenever

EXERCISES FOR UNIT 8

Exercise 1: Pick out the adverb clause in the following sentences and say what type of adverb clause each one is _

1 When we arrived at the football field, the game had started

2 Richard left dirty footmarks where he went

3 Kick the ball hard as Richard

4 Don’t hale those cups and saucers as if they were made of iron

5 I am standing where I can see the game

6 You can’t come into this room while we are having a lesson

7 As soon as the boy came into the room, the noise started

8 Use the paint brush as I showed you yesterday

9 Everywhere I looked there were dirty footmarks

10 Our friends had arrived when we got home

11 I need a hammer and nails, because I am going to repair the shed

12 We couldn’t play the match because the fog was too thick

13 We shall come and see you if we have a holiday

14 Although it was rather foggy, we played the match

15 We shall play the match even though it was rather foggy

16 Mrs Brown locked the cupboard so that Richard should not take the cake

17 He told me the secret so that I should help him

18 Mrs Brown locked the cupboard because she didn’t want Richard to take the cake

Exercise 2 : In which of these sentences is the adverb clause?

1 A where are you going?

B The town where I was born is small

C He sat where he could see the green board

D I do not know where he lives

2 A When are they coming back?

B I do not remember when she left

C The time you visited me was inconvenient

D It rained when he arrived

3 A I have not been there for five years

B He was punished for he did not do his exercise

C The book is too difficult for me to read

D For my part, I have no objection to the plan

4 A After school, the boys played tennis

B First we had a reading lesson and after that we had a writing lesson

C After her husband died, she had to earn her own living

D Who will look after the children?

5 A I saw him the day before yesterday

B He was brought before yesterday

C He did it before my eyes

D I must finish my homework before I go home

Exercise 3: Complete the following sentences by putting conjunctions in the vacant spaces and at the end of each sentence say what kind of adverb clause is used

2 I have finished my university studies I shall spend a year in traveling

5 The pianist waited for silence he began to play

6 They promised to wait the clock truck eight

7 I gave up studying mathematics it was too difficult a subject

9 _the money does not arrive in time, how will you pay your landlady?

10.I shall use this money exactly _I like

Exercise 4: Rewrite the following sentences use adverb clauses instead of adverb phrases

1 My cousin was in the air force before college

2 She studied architecture during her college years

3 He had been practicing law since graduation

4 My uncle practiced law until retirement

5 I will enter politics after my business career

6 Wait for me after class

7 That married couple always take a walk before dinner

8 He enjoyed his job because of his salary

9 I enjoyed my job in spite of the long hours

10 I would have come to the meeting last night but for the rain