Perfect Gerund and Perfect Participle

Perfect Gerund and Perfect Participle I.. Perfect Gerund Danh động từ hoàn thành 1.. Chức năng: dùng thay cho hình thức hiện tại của danh động từ khi chúng ta đề cập đến hành động tron

Perfect Gerund and Perfect Participle

I Perfect Gerund (Danh động từ hoàn thành)

1 Hình thức: having + V3/-ed

2 Chức năng: dùng thay cho hình thức hiện tại của danh

động từ khi chúng ta đề cập đến hành động trong quá khứ

Ex: He was accused of having stealing their money (Anh ta bị

buộc tội đã lấy cắp tiền của họ)

II Perfect participle (Phân từ hoàn thành)

1 Hình thức: having + V3/-ed

2 Chức năng:

- dùng rút ngắn mệnh đề khi hành động trong mệnh đề đó xảy ra trước

Ex: He finished all his homework and then he went to bed

 Having finished all his homework, he went to bed

- dùng rút ngắn mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian

Ex: After he had fallen from the horse back, he was taken

to hospital and had an operation

 After having fallen from the horse back, he was taken

to hospital and had an operation

EXERCISE

Rewrite the following sentences replacing the

underlined part with a present participle or a perfect participle.

1 They are vegetarians and they don’t eat meat

2 Since we watch the news everyday, we know what is going

on the world

3 She was talking to her friend and forgot anything around her

4 The boy asked his mother’s permission and then went out to play

5 As he had drunk too much, he didn’t drive home himself

Supply the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

1 They left the restaurant, _ (spend) two hours over lunch

2 (See) _ photograph of the place, I had no desire to go there

3 (Switch) of the light, we went to bed

4 The boy was accused of (steal) her money

5 She apologized for (break) my vase