Phân loại tuyến trùng

Phân loại tuyến trùng

Bai 5:Phdan loai tuyén trung

——— -—¬

ee a Fre

3

Ta + Laseeat fields: A~ Duansicms, 8 Orwitmus, C- Trlenchorhynctast, O- Qamnulras, WerDoma

Aphelencias, O- Ireguiet of incomplere areviations, H- Rgpels+ areoiasions: |- Memicrchopters

LATERAL FIELDS AND LATERAL LINES

Mẹ: (Fig 7)

Contecee & Cetitvan ferrwete

ost Dry Cee BECO} oe

(tows roles) in laterat

fe < TPewken S FT Pyere SSAAVXWHAV ĐA n wage be rg a ’ i2 g4 ae ttre Perntwire “ # nome e "Y ` ~ he feaha) whet: sim

rig Wier CcÍ 6S «of Oeetecesiae «reese terres ~~ # 11tvfc*“scfYsev ofrecer Steer

Prive Gxchecrerast Sovsl, Rormle leactin, atecrer tere kereepissasiassal s4419v v5 124v c4 @ex vvte®

egrhentorre teres st , SA S l6 f0‹ x99 oesceverut caret M.‹c vai: ra li «deereeterg SÂN terres

4e go meseS42vvt FC QNg/.À.ÀÚ /aẢ,,

toaax

¿., *° Không có đế kim

Kích thước

VỊ trí của lổ mở của tuyến thực

quản

Chromadorea (Adenophora)

* phasmids generally absent

* male generally has two testis

* caudal alae rare

* generally five esophageal glands

* marine, freshwater, terrestrial

Enoplea (Secernentea)

* phasmids present

* male generally with single testis

* caudal alae common

* generally three esophageal glands

* Terrestrial (rarely marine, freshwater)

Chromadorea (Adenophora)

Enoplida - Isolaimida - Mononchida -

Dorylaimida -Trichocephalida - Mermithida -Muspiceida -Araeolaimida - Chromadorida - Desmoscolecida - Desmodorida - Monhysterida

Enoplea (Secernentea)

Rhabdita - Strongylida - Ascaridida Spirurida - Camallanida - Diplogasterida

Tylenchida - Aphelenchida

BỘ Tylenchida và bộ Aphelenchida

BO Tylenchida va BO Aphelenchida

»° _Tylenchida - Lổ mở cũa tuyến TQ lưng

năm trong procorpus (dorsal esophageal

gland opening -DEGO - in procorpus)

* Aphelenchida - Lổ mở cũa tuyến TQ lưng

năm trong metacorpus (DEGO in

metacorpus)

Tete Musci+ du ehyiet Sryie!

Cafe ii garde Tube savophsqgsn

[and de l0 giữsóe Bure méecon

fi À, | - odontostyle is the protrusible hollow or

1 grooved spear or tooth It appears to

form in a cell that is esophageal in position, but that cell is one that has probably migrated from the stoma region

° odontophore is a cuticular extension of the spear that is esophageal in origin - from the esophastome

° odontostyle often distinguished by referring to it as the spear.

Order Tylenchida

°° SUBORDER: TYLENCHINA

°° SUBORDER : SPHAERULARIINA (insect parasitic nematodes)

- Heteroderidae

- Pratylenchidae

- Tylenchidae

from head to tail) - Stylet, Esophagus, Median Bulb, Nerve Ring, Esophageal

Glands, Intestine, Ovary, Eggs, Vagina, Anus, Tail, Cuticle

SUPERFAMILY:

CRICONEMATOIDEA

- Criconematidae

-Tylenchulidae

Criconematidae

¢ Subfamily Criconematinae

¢ Subfamily Hemicycliophorinae

Ogma Pateracephalanema

Subfamily Hemicycliophorinae

¢ Caloosia

¢ Hemicycliophora

- LO m6 của tuyến thực quản lưng nắm giữa đế

kim và diều giỮa

- Kim có để -_ Con cái có 1 hoặc 2 buồng

trứng

- Thực quản gồm có procorpus, metacorpus,

isthmus và diều dưới

Ẻ

1

kỷ

D

- Heteroderidae

- Pratylenchidae

- Tylenchidae

Hoplolaimidae

Female vermiform to kidney-shaped

Lateral field generally with four lines

Phasmids generally located anterior to anus, rarely

on the tail

Tail two anal body diameters long or less,

generally curved dorsally, sometimes

hemispherical

Deirids absent

Stylet strong, 2.5-3 times longer than the diameter

of the basal lip annulus

Esophageal glands overlapping the anterior

intestine (exception: Pararotylenchus).

Hoplolaimidae

Females with two genital branches, posterior branch may be reduced to post-uterine sac

¢ (Columned uterus with three rows of four cells

¢ Eggs laid in a gelatinous matrix in Rotylenchulinae

¢ Males may show sexual dimorphism

in some taxa with feeding apparatus non-functional

¢ Caudal alae of male leptoderan

* Gubernaculum with titillae

¢ Obligate higher plant parasites with a migratory ecto-endoparasitic habit,

sometimes semi-endo-sedentary

parasites

Hoplolaimidae

¢ Subfamily Hoplolaiminae

¢ Subfamily Rotylenchulinae

Helicotylenchus

Subfamily Rotylenchulinae

° Rotylenchulus

¢ Acontylus

*° Senegalonema

Rotylenchulus reniformis

Heteroderidae

¢ At present, from 90 to more than 100 cyst-

forming nematode species are recognized by different authors; about two-thirds of these

belong to the genus Heterodera (Siddiqi, 1986;

Baldwinand Mundo-Ocampo, 1991; Evans and Rowe, 1998;Wouts and Baldwin, 1998).

Heterodera (Soybean cyst

nematodes)

Meloidogyne

° BƯỚu rễ gây ra bởi M

incognita (tren dUa leo)

Pratylenchidae

¢ Subfamily Pratylenchinae

¢ Subfamily Nacobbinae (Nacobbus)

Hirschmanniella

Nematode around 2 mm long

Long overlap of esophagus over intestine Diovarial females, sexually reproducing

Typical pratylenchid stylet

Nematodes are unusually long for

ectoparasites, but inhabit air channels rather than an intracellular environment

Hirschmanniella oryzae

¢ Infestation retards growth, decreases height, delays tillering, and reduces

weight of dry matter

Causes necrosis of penetrated epidermal cells, damage and destruction of cortical cells resulting in

Cavities in cortex, necrotic

regions, and secondary invasion

Ss rh owtenn eee

“Wee eho!

(eften plant parasitic)

|\Body ahape (adult fenale)!

swollen, seccate vereifore sesil (.< 3 a=);

Cyet (Meterodera, Globodera)

// Loe painted LYI/

[Stylet Knobs | [Body size

absent large ( *! ma) seall ( <b am)

tence (Seplclatzus) Free-living (Aphelesches) Sheath (Zesicyclicphera)

Sting (#elonolaimus! foliar (Aphelenchoides) Stem & Bald (Dityienchus)

Cised he penaivein af National Aura of ology Teachers

Phan loai theo cach gay hai

Criconematoidea:

Anguinoidea: Anguina:

Ditylenchus Dolichodoridae:

Sinh học phân tử trong phân loài

tuyển trùng

° Các phân tỨ protein và DNA là những công

cụ đặc biệt có lợi cho đỉnh loại đến loài vì

so với phân loại hình thái, chúng it bi chi

phối bởi các yếu tố mội trường và bản

thân người nghiên cứu

° KỸ thuật điện di protein

° KỸ thuật kháng huyết thanh

° KỸ thuật DNA

KỸ thuật điện di protein

KỸ thuật điện di protein

° Điện di đồng enzyme

Molecular Diagnosis

Molecular Characterization

Phylogenetic Framework for the Phylum

Ate == | Steinernematidae (EP)

Panagrolaimidae (- )

Cephalobidae (_ )

Aphelenchida (F “‹', PP) *

Tylenchida (°! PP) * Oxyurida (PV, Pl)

Spirurida (PV)

Ascaridida (PV)

Rhigonematida (ˆ, AOP) Chromadorida (F, AOP) 18S rDNA

ea ta AOP= algivore-omnivore-predator

Outgroups PP- phytoparasite

F= fungivore

Ca Classification

Phylogenetic Framework for the Phylum

Oxyurida (PV, Pl) Spirurida (PV) Ascaridida (PV) Rhigonematida (_, AOP)

Chromadorida (F, AOP) 18S rDNA

Sequences Enoplida (- AOP)

_ TH

Triplonchida (PP) *

63 Dorylaimida (PP, AOP) xc PV= vertebrate parasite

Mermithida (Pl) Pi= invertebrate parasite

Trichocephalida (PV) EP= entomopathogen

Dr S Patricia Stock

Assistant Res Professor

Division of Plant Pathology and Microbiology

Department of Plant Sciences