Climate Management - Solving the Problem Part 9 ppt

This publication offers maps and geographic statistics and information on climate change, global warming, eco-nomics, and other related scientific topics worldwide.. Focuses on environme

renewable  something that can be replaced or regrown, such as trees,

or a source of energy that never runs out, such as solar energy, wind energy, or geothermal energy.

resources  the raw materials from the Earth that are used by humans

to make useful things.

satellite  any small object that orbits a larger one Artificial satellites carry instruments for scientific study and communication Imagery taken from satellites is used to monitor aspects of global

warm-ing such as glacier retreat, ice cap meltwarm-ing, desertification, erosion, hurricane damage, and flooding Sea-surface temperatures and

measurements are also obtained from man-made satellites in orbit around the Earth.

sequestration  carbon storage in terrestrial or marine reservoirs

Biological sequestration includes direct removal of CO2 from the atmosphere through land-use change, afforestation, reforestation, carbon storage in landfills, and practices that enhance soil carbon

in agriculture.

simulation  a computer model of a process that is based on actual facts The model attempts to mimic, or replicate, actual physical processes.

sinks  any process, activity, or mechanism that removes a greenhouse gas or aerosol or a precursor of a greenhouse gas or aerosol from the atmosphere.

spatial resolution (model)  the level of detail a model has, referring to how far apart the x/y points in the grid are spaced The closer the spacing, the more data in the model, making it more detailed and discerning.

sustainable development  the concept of sustainable development was introduced in the World Conservation Strategy (UICN 1980) and had its roots in the concept of a sustainable society and in the man-agement of renewable resources.

temperate  an area that has a mild climate and different seasons.

thermal  something that relates to heat.

tropical  a region that is hot and often wet (humid) These areas are located around the Earth’s equator.

 Climate management

troposphere  the bottom layer of the atmosphere, rising from sea level

up to an average of about 7.5 miles (12 km).

weather  the conditions of the atmosphere at a particular time and place Weather includes such measurements as temperature, precipi-tation, air pressure, and wind speed and direction.

Christianson, Gale Greenhouse: The 200-Year Story of Global

Warm-ing New York: Walker, 1999 Looks at the enhanced greenhouse

effect worldwide after the industrial revolution and outlines the consequences to the environment.

Dow, Kirstin, and Thomas E Downing The Atlas of Climate Change:

Mapping the World’s Greatest Challenge Los Angeles: University of

California Press, 2006 This publication offers maps and geographic statistics and information on climate change, global warming, eco-nomics, and other related scientific topics worldwide.

Friedman, Katherine What If the Polar Ice Caps Melted? Danbury,

Conn.: Children’s Press, 2002 Focuses on environmental problems related to the Earth’s atmosphere, including global warming, chang-ing weather patterns, and their effects on ecosystems.

Gelbspan, Ross The Heat Is On: The High Stakes Battle over Earth’s

Threatened Climate Reading, Mass.: Addison Wesley, 1997 This

work offers a look at the controversy environmentalists often face when they deal with fossil fuel companies.

Harrison, Patrick “GB,” Gail “Bunny” McLeod, and Patrick G

Harrison Who Says Kids Can’t Fight Global Warming

Chatta-nooga, Tenn.: Pat’s Top Products, 2007 Offers real solutions that everybody can do to help solve the world’s biggest air pollution problems.

Houghton, John Global Warming: The Complete Briefing New York:

Cambridge University Press, 2004 This book outlines the scien-tific basis of global warming and describes the impacts that climate change will have on society It also looks at solutions to the problem.

Langholz, Jeffrey You Can Prevent Global Warming (and Save Money!):

51 Easy Ways Riverside, N.J.: Andrews McMeel Publishing, 2003



 Climate management

Aims at converting public concern over global warming into positive action to stop it by providing simple, everyday practices that can eas-ily be done to minimize it, as well as save money.

McKibben, Bill Fight Global Warming Now: The Handbook for

Tak-ing Action in Your Community New York: Holt Paperbacks, 2007

Provides the facts of what must change to save the climate It also shows how everyone can act proactively in their community to make a difference.

Pringle, Laurence Global Warming: The Threat of Earth’s Changing

Climate New York: SeaStar Publishing Company, 2001 Provides

information on the carbon cycle, rising sea levels, El Niño, aerosols, smog, flooding, and other issues related to global warming.

Ruddiman, William F Earth’s Climate: Past and Future New York: W

H Freeman and Company, 2001 Takes a detailed look at the his-tory of the Earth’s climate and the forces that have shaped it over time.

Thornhill, Jan This Is My Planet—the Kids Guide to Global

Warm-ing Toronto, Ontario: Maple Tree Press, 2007 Offers students the

tools they need to become ecologically oriented by taking a com-prehensive look at climate change in polar, ocean, and land-based ecosystems.

Weart, Spencer R The Discovery of Global Warming (New Histories

of Science, Technology, and Medicine) Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard

University Press, 2004 Traces the history of the global warming concept through a long process of incremental research rather than

a dramatic revelation.

journaLs

American Wind Energy Association “Wind Energy and Climate Change: A Proposal for a Strategic Initiative” (October 1997) Available online URL: http://www.ecoiq.com/onlineresources/ anthologies/energy/wind.html Accessed March 20, 2009 Discusses cost-effective methods for supplying electricity to rural villages via renewable wind energy.

Broder, John M “Democrats Unveil Climate Bill.” New York Times

(4/1/09) Available online URL: http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/01/ us/politics/01energycnd.html?hp Accessed January 23, 2009 Presents the viewpoint of global warming and politics.

——— “EPA Clears Way for Greenhouse Gas Rules.” New York Times

(4/18/09) Available online: URL: http://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/ 18/science/earth/18endanger.html Accessed May 28, 2009 This pres-ents the new ruling by the EPA in an effort to control greenhouse gases.

Choi, Charles Q “The Energy Debates: Clean Coal.” LiveScience

(12/5/08) Available online URL:

www.ivescience.com/environ-ment/081205-energy-debates-clean-coal.html Accessed February

22, 2009 Discusses whether or not the clean coal technology per-forms up to its expectations.

Dean, Cornelia “The Problems in Modeling Nature, with Its Unruly

Natural Tendencies.” New York Times (2/20/07) Available online

URL: http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/20/science/20book.html Accessed May 2, 2009 Discusses the inherent limits of mathemati-cal models and appropriate assumptions concerning their usage.

Flook, Simon “China Set to Build 562 New Coal Plants—Kyoto in

Perspective.” The Politic (1/17/07) Available online URL:

www.the- politic.com/archives/2007/01/17/china-set-to-build-562-new-coal-plants/ Accessed January 16, 2009 Discusses air pollution concerns

in China and the disastrous effect that will have on global warming

if they do not use renewable energy sources, but rely on fossil fuels instead as they industrialize.

Gelling, Peter, and Andrew C Revkin “Climate Talks Take on

Added Urgency after Report.” New York Times (12/3/07) Accessed

online URL: www.nytimes.com/2007/12/03/world/asia/03bali.

html?pagewanted=pring Accessed January 23, 2008 Discusses the need to cut greenhouse emissions in preparation for the Bali confer-ence, which will discuss what the global plan of action will be after the Kyoto Protocol expires in 2012.

Greinel, Hans “Japan to Fight Global Warming by Pumping

Car-bon Dioxide Underground.” USA Today (6/26/06) Available

0 Climate management

online URL: http://content.usatoday.com/topics/more+stories/ Places,%20Geography/Countries/Norway/48 Accessed April 25,

2009 Explores the option of carbon sequestration as a viable way to counteract the effects of global warming.

Houghton, R A., J L Hackler, and K T Lawrence “The U.S Carbon

Budget: Contributions From Land-use Change.” Science (7/23/99)

285, no 5,427: 574–578 Discusses how the net carbon flux related

to U.S lands offsets 10 to 30 percent of the United States’ fossil fuel emissions.

Kanter, James “Europe May Ban Imports of Some Biofuel Crops.”

New York Times (1/15/08) Available online URL: www.nytimes.

com/2008/01/15/business/worldbusiness/15biofuel.html Accessed March 24, 2009 Discusses which crops the European Union will not import and why they feel those crops add to the problem of global warming, not solve it.

Kaufman, Leslie “Dissenter on Warming Expands His Campaign.”

New York Times (4/10/09) Available online URL: www.nytimes.

com/2009/04/10/us/politics/10morano.html?pagewanted=print Accessed May 28, 2009 Discusses why it is important when read-ing about global warmread-ing to make sure the source is reliable and believable.

Kerr, Richard A “Global Warming: Rising Global Temperature,

Rising Uncertainty.” Science (4/13/01) 192–194 Looks at climate

modeling and the uncertainties currently associated with it It also discusses important rules to understand when interpreting climate models.

Krauss, Clifford “As Ethanol Takes Its First Steps, Congress

Pro-poses a Giant Leap.” The New York Times (12/18/07) Available

online URL: www.nytimes.com/2007/12/18/washington/18ethanol html?pagewanted=print Accessed January 23, 2008 Discusses the plans Congress has for renewable energy in order to reduce the nation’s heavy reliance on foreign oil.

LaGesse, David “The PC’s Dirty Little Secret: It Wastes Power

Shame-lessly.” U.S News and World Report (4/17/08) Available online

URL: http://www.usnews.com/articles/business/technology/

2008/04/17/the-pcs-dirty-little-secret-it-wastes-power-shamelessly html Accessed May 9, 2009 This review discusses the real energy use of a PC and easy practices that can be followed to conserve

energy and lower power bills.

——— “Small Moves You Can Take at Home to Conserve.” U.S News

and World Report (4/17/08) Available online URL: http://www.

usnews.com/articles/business/technology/2008/04/17/small-moves-you-can-take-at-home-to-conserve.html Accessed May 9, 2009 Discusses simple ways to save money on electricity, such as prod-ucts like the Kill A Watt, the Energy Detective, the Bye Bye Standby, the Solatube, and the Voltaic Generator.

Lavelle, Marianne “Conservation Can Mean Profits for Utilities.”

U.S News and World Report (4/17/08) Available online URL:

http://www.usnews.com/articles/business/technology/2008/04 /17/conservation-can-mean-profits-for-utilities.html Accessed May 9, 2009 Discusses a new trend that encourages utility com-panies not to expand, but instead to urge customers to conserve energy.

——— “Three Ways Businesses Can Save on Power.” U.S News and

World Report (4/17/08) Available online URL: http://www.usnews.

com/articles/business/technology/2008/04/17/three-ways-businesses- can-save-on-power.html Accessed May 9, 2009 Discusses practical methods that factories and offices can use to become more energy efficient and save money.

——— “Green, Not Sacrifice, Is the Political Word.” U.S News and

World Report (4/17/08) Available online URL: http://www.usnews.

com/articles/business/technology/2008/04/17/green-not-sacrifice- is-the-political-word.html Accessed May 9, 2009 Discusses the per-ception today of the environmentalism movement focusing more on the positive aspects of being green instead of changes being viewed negatively as a personal sacrifice.

Mankiw, N Gregory “One Answer to Global Warming: A New

Tax.” New York Times (9/16/07) Available online URL: www.

 Climate management

nytimes.com/2007/09/16/business/16view.html?pagewanted=print Accessed April 22, 2009 Provides information on business options

to impose a new tax to combat global warming that would fairly tax citizens, leaving the distribution of total tax burden basically unchanged.

New York Times The “Winners and Losers in a Changing

Cli-mate.” (4/2/07) Available online URL: http://www.nytimes.

com/2007/04/02/us/20070402_CLIMATE_GRAPHIC.html

Accessed May 13, 2009 Discusses which countries will be hit the hardest with the negative effects of global warming and will have the most adjusting to do It also gives examples of what some countries are already doing to mitigate the future effects of global warming.

——— “The Scientists Speak.” (11/20/07) Available online URL: http://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/20/opinion/20tue1.html

Accessed May 25, 2009 This editorial discusses the latest scien-tific evidence and why it needs to be used by Washington to set forth climate policy that deals effectively with the issue of global warming.

——— “The One Environmental Issue.” (1/1/08) Available online URL: www.nytimes.com/2008/01/01/opinion/01fuel.html?page wanted=print Accessed January 23, 2008 Gives an overview of how the global warming issue was dealt with politically in the past and how it is being looked at today and why.

Reuters (London) “Multinationals Fight Climate Change.” New

York Times (1/21/08) Available online URL: http://www.nytimes.

com/2008/01/21/business/21green.html Accessed 4/26/09 Looks at the joint efforts of 11 companies using renewable energy.

Revkin, Andrew C “A New Middle Stance Emerges in Debate

over Climate.” New York Times (1/1/07) Available online URL:

http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/01/science/01climate.html?_ r=2&oref=slogin Accessed May 25, 2009 Presents the opinion of a new group on the state of global warming that is neither far left or right, but the middle ground.

——— “Connecting the Global Warming Dots.” New York

Times (1/14/07) Available online URL: http://www.nytimes.

com/2007/01/14/weekinreview/14basics.html Accessed January

15, 2009 Discusses the anthropogenic contributions to global warming.

Rosenthal, Elisabeth, and Andrew C Revkin “Science Panel Calls

Global Warming ‘Unequivocal’.” New York Times (2/3/07)

Avail-able online URL: http://www.nytimes.com/2007/02/03/science/ earth/03climate.html Accessed May 25, 2009 Compares the force and certainty the IPCC’s fourth report is written with to their ear-lier reports and the accelerated seriousness of the global warming issue.

Sachs, Jeffrey D “Keys to Climate Protection.” Scientific American

(April 2008) Available online URL: http://www.scientificamerican

com/article.cfm?id=technological-keys-to-climate-protection-extended Accessed May 28, 2009 Discusses why the creation and implementation of new technology is critical to fight global warm-ing with before it is too late.

Stolberg, Sheryl Gay “Bush Sets Greenhouse Gas Emissions Goal.”

New York Times (4/17/08) Available online URL: http://www.

nytimes.com/2008/04/17/washington/17bush.html Accessed May

25, 2009 Discusses the action that needs to be taken to avoid the worst of the greenhouse effect and global warming.

Thompson, Andrea, and Ker Than “Timeline: The Frightening

Future of Earth.” LiveScience (4/19/07) Available online

URL:

www.livescience.com/environment/070419_earth_time-line.html Accessed May 13, 2009 Presents future predictions as

to what the Earth’s environment will be like from now until the 22nd century.

Wald, Matthew L “New Ways to Store Solar Energy for Nighttime

and Cloudy Days.” New York Times (4/15/08) Available online

URL: http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/15/science/earth/15sola.

html Accessed March 22, 2009 Discusses innovative ways to cap-ture the Sun’s heat via solar thermal systems.

 Climate management

Weber, Elke U “Experienced-based and Description-based Percep-tions of Long-term Risk: Why Global Warming Does Not Scare Us

(Yet).” Climatic Change (2006) 77: 103–120 Discusses how people

in general look at risk and how they prioritize decisions based on that perceived risk.