appear-■ Click the New Graphic Style button inthe Graphic Styles palette.■ Drag a selected object from the board into the Graphic Styles palette.. Select the text, then click Dolphin Blu
Trang 1appear-■ Click the New Graphic Style button inthe Graphic Styles palette.
■ Drag a selected object from the board into the Graphic Styles palette
art-■ Drag a thumbnail from theAppearance palette into the GraphicStyles palette
A graphic style can include fills, strokes,effects, patterns, opacity settings, blendingmodes, gradients, and effects However,
a graphic style can be created from a single
set of attributes only Only one objectneeds to be selected in order to create anew graphic style The Graphic Stylespalette is shown in Figure 27
What You’ll Do
In this lesson, you will create and
apply graphic styles.
Merging graphic styles
You can create new graphic styles by merging two or more graphic styles in the GraphicStyles palette [Ctrl] click (Win) or click (Mac) to select all the graphic styles thatyou want to merge, click the Graphic Styles palette list arrow, then click Merge GraphicStyles The new graphic style will contain all of the attributes of the selected graphicstyles and will be added to the Graphic Styles palette as a new graphic style
GRAPHIC STYLES
Trang 2Lesson 4 Work with Graphic Styles ILLUSTRATOR 8-25
When you apply a graphic style to an object,
the new graphic style overrides any graphic
style that was previously applied to the
object When you apply a graphic style to a
group or a layer, all objects in the group or
on the layer take on the graphic style’sattributes Graphic styles are associatedwith the layers they are applied to If you
remove an object from a layer that has agraphic style applied to it, the object willlose the graphic style attributes
FIGURE 27
Graphic Styles palette
Break Link to Graphic Style button
New Graphic Style button
Delete Graphic Style button Default graphic styles
Trang 3Create a new graphic style
1 Open AI 8-3.ai, then save it as Dolphin Blue.
2. Create a rectangle that is 1" wide and 2" tall.
3. Fill the rectangle with the Blue Radial swatch
and remove any stroke.
4 Click the Gradient Tool , then drag the
Gradient Tool pointer from just below the
top-left corner to the bottom-right corner of
the rectangle.
Try to make your fill resemble Figure 28.
5 Click Effect on the menu bar, point to Stylize
in the Illustrator Effects section, click Round
Corners, type 15 in the Radius text box,
then click OK.
6 Click Effect on the menu bar, point to Stylize
in the Illustrator Effects section, then click
Outer Glow.
7. Change the color to black in the Color Picker,
if necessary, click OK, type 1 in the Blur text
box, then click OK, so that your work
resembles Figure 29
8 Click Window on the menu bar, then click
Graphic Styles.
9 Select all, then drag the thumbnail next to
Path: Graphic Style in the Appearance palette
to the Graphic Styles palette, as shown in
Figure 30.
10 Double-click the new swatch in the Graphic
Styles palette, then name it Dolphin Blue.
You created an illustration with the Round
Corners and Outer Glow effects, then saved the
appearance attributes as a new graphic style in
the Graphic Styles palette.
Creating a new graphic style
Drag the appearance thumbnail to the Graphic Styles palette to create a new graphic style
Trang 4Lesson 4 Work with Graphic Styles ILLUSTRATOR 8-27
Apply a graphic style to an object
1. Cut the rectangle from the artboard.
2 Click Object on the menu bar, then click
Show All.
A dolphin object and the words Dolphin blue appear.
3. Deselect all, select the dolphin artwork, then
click Dolphin Blue in the Graphic Styles
palette.
Your work should resemble Figure 31.
You applied a graphic style to a simple object.
FIGURE 31
Dolphin Blue graphic style applied to an object
Trang 5Apply a graphic style to text
1 Click the Graphic Styles palette list arrow;
if there is a check mark to the left of
Override Character Color, click Override
Character Color to remove the check mark
2 Select the text, then click Dolphin Blue in
the Graphic Styles palette
The text takes on all the attributes of the
graphic style except the fill color, which
remains black.
3. Undo your last step
4 Click the Graphic Styles palette list arrow,
click Override Character Color, then apply
the Dolphin Blue graphic style to the Dolphin
blue text
Your work should resemble Figure 32.
5 Undo your last step, click Type on the menu
bar, then click Create Outlines to convert
the text to outlines.
6. Ungroup the outlines, then apply the Dolphin
Blue graphic style to the objects so that your
work resembles Figure 33.
7. Compare the text fills in Figure 33 to those
in Figure 32.
You explored three ways of applying a graphic
style to text and text outlines for different effects.
Trang 6Lesson 4 Work with Graphic Styles ILLUSTRATOR 8-29
FIGURE 34
Artwork modified with a stroke and a second Outer Glow effect
Modify a graphic style
1. Select all, then apply a 1.5-pt green stroke
to the dolphin and the letters.
2 Deselect, select only the dolphin, click the Outer
Glow item in the Appearance palette, then click
the Duplicate Selected Item button .
3 Double-click the duplicate Outer Glow item
in the Appearance palette, then change the opacity to 17% in the Outer Glow dialog box.
4 Click the color box in the Outer Glow dialog
box to open the Color Picker.
5 Type 32 in the H (hue) text box, 100 in the S (saturation) text box, and 100 in the B (bright- ness) text box, then click OK.
6 Click OK again to close the Outer Glow
dia-log box, then deselect all.
Your work should resemble Figure 34.
7 Press and hold [Alt] (Win) or [option] (Mac), then drag the thumbnail from the
Appearance palette directly on top of the Dolphin Blue graphic style in the Graphic Styles palette
The Dolphin Blue graphic style is updated to include the green stroke and the orange outer glow.
8. Save your work, then close Dolphin Blue.
You modified the Dolphin Blue graphic style by changing the settings in the Appearance palette, then replacing the old graphic style with the new appearance attributes
Duplicate outer glow added to dolphin
Trang 7C H A P T E R S U M M A R Y
Once you are comfortable with creating
objects, you must explore the Filters and
Effects that you can apply to your objects
You’ll see early on that the Filter and
Effect menus are quite similar, however,
there is a big difference between applying
a filter and applying an effect Filters are
permanent, meaning to remove a filter,
you’d have to revert your document and
risk losing all of the changes that you
made since applying the filter Effects can
be easily removed without disturbing
other formatting attributes you have
applied to your objects, even if they were
applied after the effect Why? Each time
you apply an effect, it is added to the
Appearance palette You can delete it from
the Appearance palette or double-click
the effect name to open the options
dia-log box for that particular effect When
you make changes in the dialog box, your
object’s appearance is updated
automati-cally You can also adjust the
trans-parency of selected objects using the
Transparency palette and finally apply
graphic styles to your objects and
out-lined type Like brushes and symbols, you
can create your own graphic styles, name
them, and add them to the Graphic Styles
palette There are ten graphic style
libraries to choose from if you’re looking
for ideas
What You Have Learned
• How to change the opacity and ing mode of objects
blend-• How to use the Color Picker
• How to apply effects
• How to modify effects using theAppearance palette
• How to remove effects from new art
• How to create a complex appearancefrom a single object
• How to create a new graphic style
• How to apply a graphic style to anobject
• How to apply a graphic style to text
• How to modify a graphic style
Key Terms
Opacity The opacity of an object is thedegree to which it is “see-through”.Blending modes Blending modes arefun, preset filters that control how colorsblend when two objects overlap
Effects Effects are a type of ance attribute and are listed on the Effectmenu
appear-Graphic styles Graphic styles arenamed sets of appearance attributes.Hue The hue is the color itself
Saturation Saturation refers to theintensity of the hue
Trang 102 Edit a graph using the Graph Data Window.
3 Use the Group Selection Tool.
4 Use the Graph Type dialog box.
5 Create a combination graph.
6 Create a custom graph design.
7 Apply a custom design to a graph.
8 Create and apply a sliding-scale design.
Trang 11When you think of graphs, you probably
think of those premade, click-a-button
graphs that you can make with any
presentation or financial software
package As a designer, you’ll be really
excited by the graphs that you can create
with Illustrator’s graph tools When your
project calls for a graph, you can enter
the data directly into Illustrator, then
have all of Illustrator’s design and
draw-ing power behind you when it comes to
designing the graph
For the right project, visually interestingand smartly designed graphs are a verypowerful tool for conveying information.Think of using graphs as an opportunityfor expressing data artistically Sincepeople naturally pay more attention to awell-designed graph than to blocks of text,using graphs in a presentation will helpyou to make your points more
Trang 12Tools You’ll Use
Graph tools
Group Selection Tool
Trang 13L E S S O N 1
Defining a Graph
Agraph is a diagram of data that shows
relationships among a set of numbers Aset of data can be represented by a graphicelement, such as a bar, line, or point
Different types of graphs are used toemphasize different aspects of a display
Illustrator offers nine types of graphs:
What You’ll Do
In this lesson, you will enter data and
cre-ate a column graph.
Changing the number of decimal points in graph data
Numbers in the Graph Data window are initially displayed with two decimals Forexample, if you type the number 86, it appears as 86.00 To modify the number ofdecimals in any or all cells in the Graph Data window, click the cell(s) that you want
to change, then click the Cell style button in the Graph Data window The Cell Styledialog box opens Increase or decrease the number in the Number of decimals textbox to change the decimal place (set it to 0 if you do not want any decimal place),then click OK You can also increase or decrease the column width in the Cell Styledialog box by changing the value in the Column width text box
CREATE
A GRAPH
Trang 14Lesson 1 Create a Graph ILLUSTRATOR 9-5
Creating a Graph
Before you create a graph, it is important
to understand how data is plotted in
Illustrator’s Graph Data window The first
column (vertical axis) of the Graph Data
window is reserved for category labels,
while the first row (horizontal axis) is
reserved for legend labels See Figure 1
Category labels describe non-numeric data,such as the months of the year, the days ofthe week, or a group of salespersons’ names
Legend labels describe numeric data thatmay change, such as weekly sales totals,payroll amounts, or daily temperatures;
they appear in a box next to the graph,called the legend
The legend, like a map legend, containsthe legend labels and small boxes filledwith colors that represent the columns onthe graph
FIGURE 1
Entering category labels and legend labels
Legend labels Category labels
Trang 15Create a column graph
1 Open AI 9-1.ai, then save it as Graph.
2. Verify that you are using inches as your
General unit of measure by checking your
Units & Display Performance Preferences.
3 Click the Column Graph Tool , then click
the center of the artboard
4 Type 6 in the Width text box and 4 in the
Height text box, as shown in Figure 2, then
click OK.
The Graph Data window appears in front
of the graph The Graph Data window
consists of rows and columns The
intersection of a row and a column is called
a cell The first cell, which is selected,
contains the number 1.00 as sample data
to create a temporary structure for the
graph The appearance of the graph will
change after you enter your own data.
5 Press [Delete] (Win) or [delete] (Mac),
then press [Tab] to eliminate the 1.00 from
the first cell and select the next cell in the
first row
You must always remove the number 1.00
from the first cell before entering new data.
6 Type Low, press [Tab], type High, press
[Tab], then type Average.
You have entered three legend labels.
(continued)
FIGURE 2
Graph dialog box
Width text box Height text box
Trang 16Lesson 1 Create a Graph ILLUSTRATOR 9-7
7 Click the second cell in the first column, type
Jan, press [Enter] (Win) or [return] (Mac),
type Feb, press [Enter] (Win) or [return] (Mac), type March, then press [Enter] (Win)
or [return] (Mac)
You have entered three category labels Compare the positions of your labels with those shown in Figure 3
TIP Category labels are listed vertically and legend labels are listed horizontally in the Graph Data window If you enter your labels incorrectly, you can click the Transpose row/column button in the Graph Data win- dow to switch them
8. Enter the remaining data shown on the board, using [Tab] and [Enter] (Win) or [Tab] and [return] (Mac), and the four arrow keys
art-on your keyboard to move between cells
TIP Often you will want to create labels that consist of numbers, such as a ZIP code or the year 2008 Since these labels are meant to describe categories, they must
be set in quotes (“2002”) so that Illustrator will not mistake them for data that should
be plotted.
9. Close the Graph Data window, saving the changes you made, then reposition the graph on the artboard (if necessary).
10.Deselect, save your work, then compare your graph to Figure 4
You defined the size of the graph, then entered three legend labels, three category labels, and numbers in the Graph Data window
FIGURE 3
Graph Data window
FIGURE 4
Column graph Legend labels
Category labels
Trang 17L E S S O N 2
Editing Data and Graphs
A project that calls for a graph often callsfor edits to the graph Fortunately, it iseasy to make changes to the data thatdefines the graph and just as easy toupdate the graph For every graph inIllustrator, the data that was used to plot it
is stored in the Graph Data window Thedata is editable; when you make changes tothe data, simply click the Apply button in
the Graph Data window to preview thechanges to the graph
When you create text and data in anotherprogram that you want to use in anIllustrator graph, the document must besaved as a text-only file with commas sepa-rating each number from the next If youare importing an Excel worksheet, it must
be saved as a text (tab-delimited) file forIllustrator to support it
What You’ll Do
In this lesson, you will change the data
that is the basis of the column graph, then
update the graph to reflect the new data.
Importing data from other software programs
You can import graph data from a text file or a Microsoft Excel worksheet into theGraph Data window in Illustrator To import data, you must have the Graph Datawindow open and selected Click the Import data button You will then be prompted
to open the file you wish to import
EDIT A GRAPH USING THE
GRAPH DATA WINDOW
Trang 18Lesson 2 Edit a Graph Using the Graph Data Window ILLUSTRATOR 9-9
Edit data in a graph
1 Click View on the menu bar, then click Hide
Page Tiling, if necessary
2 Click the Selection Tool , then select and delete the text at the top of the artboard
3 Click the graph, click Object on the menu bar, point to Graph, then click Data.
TIP The separate objects that make up the graph are automatically grouped when the graph is created.
4. Click the cell that contains the number
30.00, type 80, press [Enter] (Win) or [return] (Mac), then compare your screen to
Figure 5
When you click a cell, the number in the cell becomes highlighted in the entry text box of the Graph Data window, allowing you to change it to a new number.
5 Click the Apply button in the Graph Data window, then compare your graph to Figure 6.
6. Change the number 80.00 to 34, click the
cell that contains the number 41.00, type 43, then press [Enter](Win) or [return](Mac).
7. Close the Graph Data window, then save changes when prompted.
TIP To remove data from cells in the Graph Data window select the cells from which you want to delete the data, click Edit on the menu bar, then click Clear.
You edited the graph’s data in the Graph Data window, then clicked the Apply button to view the changes to the graph.
Trang 19Each set of colored columns represents
an individual group within the largergroup For example, all of the blackcolumns in Figure 7 represent the low
temperatures for each month The graycolumns are the average-temperaturegroup, and the light gray columns are thehigh-temperature group
The Group Selection Tool allows you toselect entire groups within the largergroup for the purpose of editing them withthe Illustrator tools and menu commands
What You’ll Do
In this lesson, you will use the Group
Selection Tool to easily select different
areas of the graph for modification.
Trang 20Lesson 3 Use the Group Selection Tool ILLUSTRATOR 9-11
Use the Group Selection Tool
1. Click the artboard to deselect the graph.
2 Click the Group Selection Tool The Group Selection Tool is hidden beneath the Direct Selection Tool
3 Click the first black column above the Jan
label, then click again
The first click selects the first black column, and the second click selects the two remaining black columns.
4 Click the first black column a third time to
select the low-temperature legend box
If you click too many times, you will ally select the entire graph instead of an individual group In that case, deselect and try again.
eventu-5. Change the fill color of the selected columns
to red, as shown in Figure 8.
6 Click the first light gray column above the Jan
label, click it again, click it a third time, then change the fill color of the high-temperature columns and legend box to yellow.
7. Select the gray columns and legend box, change the fill color to green, then deselect all Your graph should resemble Figure 9.
8. Save your work
TIP The text labels, value axis labels, and legend labels are also individual groups within the larger graph group Click twice to select them, then change their font, size, or color as desired.
You used the Group Selection Tool to select groups within the graph quickly and easily, then changed the colors of the columns and the legend boxes.
Trang 21vari-Tick marks are short lines that extendout from the value axis, which is the verti-cal line to the left of the graph Tick marks
help viewers interpret the meaning of umn height by indicating incremental val-ues on the value axis You can also movethe value axis from the left side of thegraph to the right side, or display it onboth sides
col-Values on the value axis can be changed,and symbols such as $, %, and ° can beadded to the numbers for clarification
What You’ll Do
In this lesson, you will modify the graph
using the Graph Type dialog box.
Choosing a chart type
Keep in mind the following guidelines when choosing a chart type:
• Pie or column charts are typically used to show quantitative data as a age of the whole
percent-• Line or bar charts are used to compare trends or changes over time
• Area charts emphasize volume and are used to show a total quantity ratherthan to emphasize a portion of the data
• Scatter or radial charts show a correlation between variables
USE THE GRAPH
TYPE DIALOG BOX
Trang 22Lesson 4 Use the Graph Type Dialog Box ILLUSTRATOR 9-13
Use the Graph Type dialog box
1 Click the Selection Tool , then click
the graph.
The entire graph must be selected to make changes in the Graph Type dialog box.
2 Click Object on the menu bar, point to
Graph, then click Type.
3 Click the Add Drop Shadow check box, as
5 Click the Length list arrow in the Tick Marks section of the window, click Full Width,
compare your Graph Type dialog box to
Figure 11, then click OK.
6. Deselect the graph, save your work, then compare your graph to Figure 12.
TIP The Graph Type dialog box does not provide an option for displaying the number
or value that each column in the graph sents For example, it will not display the number 32 on top of a column that repre- sents 32° If you want to display the actual values of the data on the chart, you must add those labels manually, using the Type Tool.
repre-You used the Graph Type dialog box to add a drop shadow to the graph and to extend the tick marks
to run the full width of the graph.
Add Drop Shadow
check box
Graph types
Length list arrow
Trang 23L E S S O N 5
Defining a Combination Graph
A combination graph is a graph thatuses two graph styles to plot numeric data
This type of graph is useful if you want toemphasize one set of numbers in compari-son to others For example, if you needed
to create a column graph showing howmuch more paper than glass, plastic, or
aluminum is recycled in a major city over
a one-year period, you could plot the paperrecycling data as a line graph, leaving theother recycling categories as columns.Your audience would be able to comparehow much more paper is recycled than theother three products by looking at the line
in relationship to the columns on the graph
What You’ll Do
In this lesson, you will create a
combina-tion graph to show one set of data as
compared to other data.
CREATE A
COMBINATION GRAPH
Trang 24Lesson 5 Create a Combination Graph ILLUSTRATOR 9-15
Create a combination graph
1 Click the Group Selection Tool , then select all four items of the Average (green) group
2 Click Object on the menu bar, point to
Graph, then click Type.
3 Click the Line button , then click the Add
Drop Shadow check box to remove the
check mark
4 Click the Edge-to-Edge Lines check box,
make sure that there are check marks in the Mark Data Points and Connect Data Points check boxes, as shown in Figure 13, then
click OK.
The four green columns are replaced by four small square markers.
5 Click the artboard to deselect the graph.
6 Click the Group Selection Tool , then click the first line segment connecting the markers three times to select the entire line and the corresponding information in the legend, as shown in Figure 14
7 Click Object on the menu bar, point to
Arrange, then click Bring to Front.
8. Change the stroke weight to 10 pt, the fill color of the line to [None], the stroke color of the line to green, and the cap to a round cap
9. Deselect, select the four gray markers using the Group Selection Tool , change their fill color to White, then deselect again.
10.Save your work, compare your graph to Figure 15, then close the Graph document.
You created a combination graph.
Mark Data Points
check box
Edge-to-Edge Lines check box
Markers
Trang 25L E S S O N 6
Creating a Custom Graph Design
A custom graph design is simply a ture of something used to replace tradi-tional columns, bars, or markers inIllustrator graphs For example, whenreporting on financial news, newspapers
pic-such as USA Today often print graphs
made with custom designs of coins or lars instead of columns and bars
dol-Only vector-based objects can be used forcustom graph designs You cannot usebitmaps, objects created with the PaintbrushTool, or objects filled with gradients
Illustrator contains predefined columnand marker designs as well as graphdesigns These files are located in AdobeIllustrator CS2/Cool Extras/Sample Files
To use these designs, first open one of thesample files, create a new document andthen create a new graph Select the graph,click Object on the menu bar, point toGraph, then click Column All of the col-umn designs will appear in the GraphColumn dialog box
What You’ll Do
In this lesson, you will define artwork that
will be used for a custom graph.
Using supplied custom graph designs
Illustrator comes with two documents full of custom designs that you can apply tographs These designs include flags, cats, hammers, diamonds, dollar signs, stars,and men and women In addition, three-dimensional objects such as cylinders,hexagons, cubes, arrows, and pyramids are available
CREATE A CUSTOM
GRAPH DESIGN
Trang 26Lesson 6 Create a Custom Graph Design ILLUSTRATOR 9-17
Create a custom graph design
1 Open AI 9-2.ai, then save it as Snow.
2 Click View on the menu bar, then click Shovel.
3. Show the rulers (if necessary), then align two guides with the top and bottom of the shovel, as shown in Part A of Figure 16.
4. Change the fill and stroke colors to [None] in the toolbox
5 Click the Rectangle Tool , then create a rectangle around the shovel that snaps to the top and bottom guides, as shown in Part
B of Figure 16
The height of the rectangle should exactly match the height of the custom design, to ensure that data values are represented cor- rectly on the graph.
6. While the rectangle is still selected, click
Object on the menu bar, point to Arrange,
then click Send to Back.
The rectangle must be behind the illustration
7. Select both the rectangle and the shovel, as
shown in Part C of Figure 16, click Object on the menu bar, point to Graph, then click Design.
8 Click New Design, click Rename, name the design Shovel, then click OK.
The shovel design appears in the Graph Design dialog box, as shown in Figure 17
9. Click OK to close the Graph Design dialog box, then save your work.
You created a custom design for graphs, using the Graph Design dialog box.
Rectangle is the same height as the shovel and sent behind the shovel Two guides
Part B Part A
Part C