Mệnh đề điều kiện Mệnh đề điều kiện là loại mệnh đề được sử dụng rất phổ biến trong tiếng anh nói và viết.Một câu điều kiện bao giờ cũng bao gồm 2 mệnh đề: mệnh đề điều kiệnIf clause và
Trang 1PART I : TEST WORD-FORM
Choose the correct word :
1 You must always tell the -
2 It is often useful to make a - between two things
3 All my efforts ended in -
4 He lost the game because of his -
5 Books help people get more -
6 No one can measure the - of this river
7 Treating diseases by the laser is really a -
8 There is - to believe that he is not prepared for his future work
9 He is a young man with great -
10 He has suffered many - in his new job
a disappoint b disappointments c disappointed d disappointing
11 We should have religious -
12 The - of the moon for the earth causes the tides
13 Some large cities have had measures to minimize air -
14 You can get - treatment in this hospital
15 She is - in her book
16 This woman is as - as a post
17 American women are used to being -
18 I always feel - when talking to him
a comfort b uncomfortably c comfortable d comfortably
19 A few diseases are still - in the world
20 He has stood for two hours outside of the - room
21 Fortunately, the plane landed - after the violent storm
A Choose a word with the underlined part whose pronunciation is different from that of the others
10 a children b wildlife c child d mild
12 a stopped b visited c wanted d needed
Trang 213 a event b eleventh c seventh d even
14 a drought b bought c thought d fought
15 a question b nation c evolution d repetition
23 a suggestion b digestion c creation d question
B Choose a word that has a different stress pattern :
25 a although b because c unless d after
26 a hospital b cinema c factory d pagoda
27 a intelligent b interesting c necessary d comfortable
28 a newspaper b understand c industry d grandfather
30 a unsuccessful b international c individual d irrational
31 a Germany b Korea c Portugal d Italy
32 a computer b telephone c calculator d television
33 a aeroplane b skyscraper c parachute d umbrella
34 a gravity b theory c energy d uneasy
35 a somebody b already c sometimes d usually
36 a Portuguese b Vietnamese c Chinese d Japanese
38 a balcony b unhappy c everyone d nobody
Choose the best answer:
1 I usually - up at six o’clock
2 My mother sometimes - vegetables at this market
3 The earth - the sun once every 365 days
4 Look! The boy -
5 I -that film several times because I like it
6 We - them last year
7 He - this book two years ago
8 The bell rang while Tom - a bath
9 The light - out while we - dinner
a went/had b went/were having c went/having d go/are having
10 When we came, he - TV
11 They - to see us next week
12 Up to now, teacher - our class five tests
13 He - English before he came to England
Trang 314 After he - his homework, he watched TV
15 The children - football when their mother came back home
16 They told me that they - her before
a have never seen b had never seen c will never see d never see
17 He knew that I - the following week
18 When I - Mr Pike tomorrow, I - him of that
a see/will remind b will see/will remind c will see/remind d see/would remind
19 He says that he - for a job next week
20 Her grandfather - ill for a long time before he died
21 He - in this factory in 1990
PART IV : GERUND AND INFINITIVES
Choose the best one
1 I remember - this book twice
2 You don’t need - his permission every time you want - the room
3 He made me - it again
4 They decided - to Hanoi
5 They don’t allow me - here
6 Please let me - your decision as soon as possible
7 He refused - for this shirt
8 I advise you - before - the job
a wait/accept b to wait/to accept c to wait/accepting d wait/acceptin
9 I prefer - to -
a driving/riding b drive/ride c to drive/to ride d to drive/ride
10 Lan enjoys - American books
11 Nothing will make me - my mind
12 I regret - her yesterday
a not to help b not helping c not help d not to helping
13 We are used to - to school
14 We suggested - together to visit the museum
15 Your windows need -
16 His father doesn’t approve of his - to Europe
17 Richard is expecting us - to class tomorrow
18 They asked me - him last night
19 Peter had no intention of - the city now
20 Is there anything here worth -?
Trang 4a buy b to buy c buying d bought
21 He was made - a paper admitting his guilt
(Mệnh đề điều kiện)
Mệnh đề điều kiện là loại mệnh đề được sử dụng rất phổ biến trong tiếng anh nói và viết.Một câu điều kiện bao giờ cũng bao gồm 2 mệnh đề: mệnh đề điều kiện(If clause) và mệnh đề chính(main clause).Thông thường có 3 loaị câu điều kiện:
STRUCTURE:
Conditional clause Main clause
1 First conditional: If + Simple Present , Simple future/Simple Present
(câu điều kiện loại 1)
2 Second conditional: If + Past Tense , would + V( infinitive)
(câu điều kiện loại 2)
3 Third conditional: If + Past Perfect Tense , would have + V(past participle)
(câu điều kiện loại 3)
4 ngoại ra còn: câu ĐK hỗn hợp của câu ĐK loại 2 va loaị 3:
Ex: If I had taken his advice, I would be rich now
If I had eaten dinner, I wouldn’t be hungry now
Example: (hãy xem ví dụ minh hoa sau đây và so sánh sự khác nhau giữa các loại câu điều kiện)
ĐK loại 1: If I have enough money, I will go to Japan
ĐK loại 2: If I had enough money, I would go to Japan
ĐK loại 3: If I had had enough money, I would have gone to Japan
USE OF CONDITIONAL:
1.First conditional(loại 1) : dùng để chỉ 1 việc có thật hoặc có thể xảy ra,có thể thực hiện được trong hiện tại hay tương lai:
Ex: If he is late, we will have to go without him
If you study hard,you will pass the exam
2 second conditional(loai 2): dung để chỉ 1 việc không thể thực hiện được ở hiện tại và tương lai,hoặc trái với thực tế:
Ex: If I knew her name, I would tell you
Trang 5If I were you, I would love her
3 Third conditional(loai 3): dung để chỉ việc không bao giờ xảy ra được hoặc trái với thực tế trong quá khứ(tức là việc đã làm,xảy ra rồi,không thể thay đổi gì được)
Ex: If you had warned me, I would not have told your father about that party
(nếu bạn cảnh báo trước với tôi thì tôi đã không nói với bố bạn về bữa tiệc đó)
If the weather had been nice yesterday,I would have gone to the beach
Remember!
*Hai mệnh đề trong câu đk có thể đổi chỗ được cho nhau
1,Phần lớn trong “If clause” không được dùng WILL hay WOULD ,chỉ dung trong “main clause”
2,Trong câu đk loại 2 WERE đươc dung cho mọi truơng hợp vì nó trang trọng hơn WAS(less formal):
If I were……If he were….,If she were… ,If you were……
3,Sau IF chúng ta đều có thể dùng Some(some one, some where…) hay Any (any one, any where ):
If I have some spare time next weekend
or : If I have any spare time……
4,Thay vì dùng ” If not” chúng ta dùng UNLESS:
Ex: I'll be back tomorrow unless there is a plane strike
He'll accept the job unless the salary is too low
EXERCISE
I Chia động từ sao cho phù hợp với mỗi loại câu đk dưới đây:
1,If he( try )much more, he (improve) his English
2, If the doctor (have) morning office hours, he (visit) every patient in the afternoon
3, If I (be) rich, I ( travel) around the world
4, If I (be) in a hurry, I (have) the terrible accident 2 years ago
5, If he (speak) so quickly, you (understand) him.( in fact, he speaks so quickly)
6, We were losers If we (lose) our way, we (arrive) sooner
7, If she (catch) the train, she (be) here by now
8, If they ( obey) traffic regulations, this accident (happen) yesterday
9,If you (have) longer legs, you (able) to run faster
II.Viết lại câu dưới dạng câu điều kiện:
1, You got into so much trouble because you didn’t listen to me
Trang 6If………
2, There are so many bugs in the room because there isn’t a screen on the window
If………
3, He is busy right now So, he can’t help them
If ………
4, I can’t make all of my own meals because I am not good at cooking
If………
5, I’m not you, so I can’t tell him the truth
If I………
6,She came, so he wasn’t disappointed
If………
7, He is not a good student He didn’t study for the test yesterday
If………
8, I didn’t eat breakfast several hours ago, so I am hungry now
If………
9, Mai is sick because she didn’t follow the doctor’s orders
If………
10, He is tired this morning because he didn’t go to bed early last night
If ………