more than words book 2 phần 6 ppt

MEANING INCONTEXT Work and employment 107 J ii Complete the following passage with words and phrases from the box, using a dictionary if necessary.. WORD FORMATIONSUFFIXES MEANING RELATE

MEANING IN

CONTEXT

Work and employment 107

J ii Complete the following passage with words and phrases from

the box, using a dictionary if necessary

return to work shop steward hallot

on strike dispute sacking pickets

layoff

c l o s e s

f a c t o r y

Workers at a Romford car

factory went (a)

yesterday following the

(b) of two men

for allegedly punching the

foreman

The fight happened after

an argument about last

Sat-urday's football match

between Millwall and WestHam The two workers wereimmediately disciplined bythe company and senthome When he heard this,Don Bailey, the union(c) called ameeting The decision totake unofficial action wasnearly unanimous, and(d) were placed

at the factory gates to courage people from enter-ing the works The Manag-ing Director said he had no

dis-idea how long the(c) would con-tinue, but that if the mendidn't (f) verysoon, the company would beforced to (g)

people (h) initely The union is holding

indef-a secret (i) onThursday to decide whether

to take official strikeaction

10 Imagine you are in the following situations What would you

do? What should you do?

a You are driving a large truck containing robots for a factory Youarrive at the gate, but there is a picket there because the workersare on strike following dismissal of 200 people because ofautomation

b You are the union shop steward at an insurance company ThePersonnel Director calls you into the office to ask for your helpwith a problem: the company is losing money and needs to layoff ten people

108 Work and employment

ACTIVATE IT Write a brief report to go with one of the headlines below,

using vocabularyjrom this unit,

PROMOTED

MAN MADE MANAGING DIRECTOR AFTER 12 YEARS ON DOIE

applicationbank clerkbank tellerbutchercareercertificatecheckout clerkconjurer

contract (n)

curriculum vitae (cv)dismiss

dismissaldismissivedispute (n)dustmanexperience (n)factory worker

increase (n)

increase (v)interview (n)interview (v)job centre

ob descriptionabourer

lay offlecturermanaging directoroffer (v)

offer (n)opticianpart-time jobpensionpensionerpicket (n)pilot (n)plumberprofessionprofessionalprojectionistpromotepromotionqualificationraise

receptionistredundantredundancyrejectrejection

reprimand {n}

reprimand (v)resign

resignationretireretirementrise (n|

roadsweepersack

sackingshop stewardshortlist (n)

shortlist {v)

skillsurgeonsurveyortemporary jobticket collectortraffic wardentravelling salesmanunemploymentbenefit

vocationwork (n)work |v)

Work and employment 109

FOCUS PHRASES be/go on strike

be/go on the dolehove your work cut outIt's a good job make a good job ofmake someone redundantwork out

WORD CHECK Refer to Focus Words and Focus Phrases only.

1 How many different kinds of job are mentioned? Are thereany which you would refuse to do?

2 Find at least three ways of stopping or having to give upworking

3 Write a short letter from a shop steward to a union official

in which at least three of the Focus Phrases are used

4 How many of the words with more than two syllables donot have the main stress on the second syllable? Where dothey have it?

participating in some kind of sport or physical

watching sport in a stadium or on TV - whichsport?

playing some other game (e.g cards) - which?

reading - what?

some kind of hobby - what?

listening to music at home or in a concert hall what kind of music?

-playing a musical instrument - which?

going to the cinema or watching videosgoing to the theatre or opera

watching TV - which programmes?

dancing - where?

going to cafes, restaurants, etc with friends

I I visiting new placesother - what?

L Compare your answers with a partner's What are the mainsimilarities and differences between the ways in which you [ike tospend your leisure time?

Leisure, sport and entertainment i l l

WORD BUILDING 3 What are these people's hobbies called?

COMPOUND WORDS Example: John weaves baskets: basket-weaving

a Mary arranges flowers for

magnifying glass tripod needle rod easel album

wetsuit loom clay wool glue net

112 Leisure, sport and entertainment

b What do these people's hobbies involve? Use a dictionary wherenecessary

train-spotter pot-holer angler gambler canoeist

ACTIVATE 0 In your opinion, which of the hobbies in exercises 3, 4 and 5,

and which others, are:

a most suitable for old people?

b most suitable for disabled people?

c least suitable for men?

d least suitable for women?

e best for children under ten?

f most satisfying?

I a Are you artistic? Are any members of your family or any of

your friends artistic? In what ways? Use words from the box

play a musical instrument paint draw sing act dance

b In your experience, do artistic people have a special physicalappearance? If so, what do they look like?

0 Put the musical instruments being played by this band in order ofloudness (1 =loudest, 9=quietist) Which three do you prefer, inwhat order?

WORD FORMATION

SUFFIXES

MEANING

RELATED MEANINGS

Leisure, sport and entertainment 113

Jl Complete the table, using words witfi the endings -ist, -er, -or,

etc where necessary

A person who:

plays the pianoplays drumsplays a violinplays a trumpetplays footballplays tennisrides a bicyclecollects stampsskis

jumps from a plane using aparachute

makes sculpturestakes photographsplays chess

Noun

ID In which sports do people do the following?

o wear goggles d strike out

b ride on boards e do the crawl

c get knocked out f make pit-stops

11 Which sports are played (and watched) in the following

places?

course stadium court poof ring track

MEANING

CONNOTATION

li Which of the adjectives

and expressions in the

dialogue refer to enthusiasm

for a sport or hobby, and

which refer to ability? Put the

italicized words and

expressions in the appropriate

box Then tick, the strongest

expressions in each box

DON: What are you doing this weekend, Sandra? Off to the

beach again? You're a keen windsurfer, aren't you?

SANDRA: Yes, I am, but this weekend we're going to the opera in

London My friend George is a real opera-lover

DON: An opera-lover? I thought you said he was mad about

modern jazz

SANDRA: He's keen on all sorts of music and quite a gifted

pianist too Are you musical, Don?

DON: I listen to a lot of music at home I'm a bit of a

Mozart-freak, I suppose I've been collecting records and

compact discs of his major works for the last two years I

play the clarinet a bit But I'm no good at it .

114 Leisure, sport and entertainment

ACTIVATE

SANDRA: And what about sport? You look quite athletic

DON: I used to be an obsessive tennis player, but I gave it up

when I broke my ankle last year

SANDRA: Oh, I really love tennis George says I'm a natural.

Shall we have a game sometime?

DON: Well I'm really rusry I'll have to get a bit of practice

first

SANDRA: Don't be silly I'm only a novice We'll just have a

friendly game

DON: OK As long as you promise not to humiliate me I

don't trust people who talk about 'friendly games'! I've got to go now: there's an exhibition of paintings byJulie Croft, a friend of mine, opening tonight

SANDRA: Is she talented?

DON: I'm no expert, but I think her work is brilliant and

she's only a Sunday-painter See you on Monday.SANDRA: OK Don't forget to bring your racket We'll have a

game after work DON: It might rain ,

10 Look at the pictures below What leisure activities and hobbies

do you think these famous characters enjoyed?

CountDracula

Leisure, sport and entertainment us

albumanglerartistartisticchess playerclarinetclaycoursecourtcyclistdancedesigndouble bassdrawdrawingdrumdrummereaselexpertFlower-arranging

flutefootballergamblergiftedgluegogglesguitarguitaristkeenknockoutloommagnifyingglassmodel-makingmusicalneedlenetnoviceobsessiveoil- paintingpainter

paintingparachutistphotographerpiano

pianistpitstoppoolpot- holerringrock-climbingrod

rustysaxophonesculpturesculptorsingsketchskierskiingstadiumstamp-collecting

collectorstrike outtalentedtennis^ playertrack

stamp-train-spottertripodtrombonetrumpettrumpeterviolinviolinistwater-skiingwetsuttwindsurfwindsurfingwoo!

FOCUS PHRASES be a natural

WORD C H E C K Refer to Focus Words and Focus Phrases only.

1 Look at the list and identify the hobbies and other leisureactivities that involve physical exercise of some kind

2 Which of the tools and instruments are usually made mainly

of wood? Which mainly of metal? What are the others madeof?

3 Take the roles of a famous sculptor, a famous painter, afamous musician, and a famous dancer Hold a balloondebate All of you are in a balloon which is losing air and canonly support the weight of one person Discuss who should

be thrown out of the balloon and who should survive

4 Talk about someone you know well using at least three of theFocus Phrases

13 Animals, plants and their habitats

MEANING

1 Choose some of the words

from the box to name the

animals in the picture

donkey scorpion

crocodile parrot cobra

peacock tiger lizard

monkey turtle spider

wolf whale shark

hedgehog dolphin

tortoise frog fox

L Look at the names of the

animals which aren't in the

picture Are these animals

similar to any that are in the

picture? In what way?

MEANING

CONNOTATION

0 Which of the animals in the list is in your opinion:

a the most dangerous? e the most useful?

b the least dangerous? f the most intelligent?

c the most beautiful? g the best?

d the ugliest? h the worst?

Why?

MEANING

RELATED MEANINGS

T o Which of the animals in the list has the following?

a shell fins a beak prickles a tail teeth

b Which of them are poisonous?

Animals, plants and their habitats 117

D Complete the table with the names of the animals in the list.Reptiles Mammals Amphibians Birds Fish Insects

ACTIVATE

0 a Think of three animals that you like or dislike They do nothave to be from the list above How would you describe each

of them and their behaviour to someone who had never seen

or heard of them before?

b Work in groups One of you thinks of an animal, and theothers try to guess from his/her description which animal he

or she is thinking of They may ask him/her questions, which

he or she must answer truthfully if possible

/ Work with a neighbour Design a questionnaire to find out who

in the class has pets, who had pets as a child, what kind of petsthey have or had, what their favourite animal is, etc

cat

horsechicken

doeewe

Maledogtomcat

1 1 8 Animals, plants and their habitats

WORD USE CO 9 Complete the table (See also Part A, Unit 4 of Book 1COLLOCATION

Animals

Pig

Noisegruntwhinnyroarpurrbarkcrowsinghowl

Animalshorse

Way of movinggallop

crawlslitherboundpouncedarthoverstrut

Animalsbirds, insects

Homenestlairburrowstablekennelstyden

hive

ACTIVATE

10 Ask one another

questions like this:

What animal lives in a stable,

whinnies, gallops and is a foal

when it's young?

11 If you could be reborn as

an animal, what animal would

you like to be? Discuss the

reasons for your choice with a

partner

SOME OF THE WORLD'S EXTINCT ANIMALS

Animals, plants and their habitats 11 9

Many wild animals are threatened by extinction due to hunting and changes in the environment caused by man Which ofthese statements do you agree with? Which do you disagree with?Discuss your opinion with a partner, and add any other statementsthat you agree with

over-a More over-animover-ai reserves should be creover-ated over-and more work should

be done to help endangered species to breed in captivity

b We can't afford to worry about animals when millions of humanbeings are starving

c We shouldn't be too worried about certain species becomingextinct, there are so many species which remain

d We are the main threat to wildlife; there should be much stricterlaws to protect the habitats of wild animals

10 Read the text opposite

How has man damaged the

animal and plant life of

Mauritius in the writer's view?

Gerald Durrell (left) is a British ogist In 1958 he established the Wildlife Preservation Trust on the island of Jersey to help endangered species by breeding them in captivity The following extract is taken from

zool-his book Golden Bats and Pink

Pigeons, and it describes Durreil's first visit to the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean.

There, on this speck of volcanic soil in middle of a vast sea, a complete,

unique and peaceful world was created slowly and carefully, ft waited there forhundreds of" thousands of years for an annihilating invasion of voraciousanimals for which it wa_s totally unprepared, a cohort of rapacious heasts led hy

the worst predator in the world, homo sapiens With man, of course, came all

his familiars: the dog, Ihe rat, the pig, and, in this instance probably one of theworst predators next to man the monkey

In an incredibly short space of lime, a number of unique species hadvanished: the dodo; the giant, black flightless parrot; the giant Mauritiantortoise, followed rapidly by the Rodrigues tortoise; and that strange bird, thesolitaire The dugong, which used to throng the reefs, vanished, and all thatwas left of a unique and harmless fauna was a handful of birds and lizards.These, together with what is left of the native forest, face enormous pressures.Not only is Mauritius one of the most densely populated parts of the globe, but

as well as dogs, cats, rats and monkeys a number of other things have beenintroduced in that dangerous, unthinking way that man has There arc, forexample, twenty introduced species of birds , there is the sleek and deadlymongoose and, less damaging but still out of place, the hedgehog-like tcnreefrom Madagascar Then there are the introduced plants and trees, so that thenative vegetation is jostled and strangled by Chinese guavu wild raspberries,privet and a host of other things In the face of all this, the indigenous flora andfauna of Mauritius can he said to he hanging on to its existence by itsfingernails

120 Animals, plants and their habitats

MEANING LP 14 o Using a dictionary if necessary, find the various differentWORDS IN CONTEXT words in the text which Durrell has used instead of the

following

plants animals disappeared world

b Which words in the text have the following meanings?

ID Using some of the words and expressions in the text, write a

few lines about the way in which man has treated the environmentand animal and plant life in your country What do you feel should

be done now? Get a neighbour to read through what you havewritten

ll In the text, the mongoose is described as 'sleek and deadly'.

Use adjectives from the box and some of your own words todescribe other animals in this unit

talkative clever cunning deadly affectionate stealthy playful huge frightening colourful stubborn timid

RELATED MEANINGS

Animals, plants and their habitats 121

15 Match the descriptions with the places sfiown in the

photographs below and on the next page

a It's extremely hot and humid, but you are protected from the sun

by the thick and luxuriant canopy of branches overhead, and the

jungle resounds with the calls of exotic birds and the noises of animal life in the undergrowth.

b The majestic peaks rise above the sweet-smelling pine forest; the air is invigoratingly pure, and the streams run with clear water.

c The sun beats down relentlessly; except at the rare oasis, there is

no shade - just undulating dunes as far as the eye can see,peopled only by the occasional mirage

d The dry grass around the swamp sways in the hot breeze, whileantelope graze, ever fearful for the predators who may be

watching from the shade of the few trees that dot the bush.

e Breakers crash against the cliffs that rise above the snore,

throwing spray into the air, while gulls and pelicans circle above

the rocks looking for fish in the grey ocean.

f The leaves are beginning to turn golden, and the small mammals

that inhabit the woods and the fields are gathering food as they prepare for hibernation; birds swoop over the hills in the

distance, heading for Africa