more than words book 2 phần 4 docx

a You are reporting on a war which your country is involved in.Military censors control your movements and check everythingyou write in case the information you give is helpful to the en

1J Work with a partner to suggest the contents, layout and design

of your ideal newspaper How many pages would it have, whatwould it contain, what wouldn't it contain, how much space would

be given to what, etc?

lu What would you do in each of the following dilemmas?

a You are reporting on a war which your country is involved in.Military censors control your movements and check everythingyou write in case the information you give is helpful to the enemy.But you believe that people should know what horrific things aregoing on

b Your editor has told you to get an interview by whatever meanswith a filmstar whose son was recently killed in a road accident.You unexpectedly recognize her sitting in a church

c You receive a letter from someone who claims to have had anaffair with the president, suggesting a meeting - and a payment

of $5,000 if a story is published

WORD USE

IDIOM AND METAPHOR

ll Explain the following

headlines Which reflect

problems that exist in your

country?

CHRONICLEPHOTOGRAPHERACCUSED OFINVASION OFPRIVACY

Clarion editor on libel charge as industrialist sues

MURDERER'S WIFESELLS STORY TOPAPER FOR £25,000

Right-wing bias dominates popular press, says PM

'My life's in ruins after newspaperallegations'says singer

FOCUS WORDS advertise ^^^ forecast (n)

advertisement forecast (v)aerial forecasterarticle headlineastrologer horoscope

broadcast (n} host (n)

broadcast (v) host (v)broadcaster listingcensor (n) livecensor (v) newscensorship obituarychair (v) pin-upchat show presentcolumn presentercolumnist programmecommercial publishcrossword publicationcrossword compiler quiz gamedaily record (v)documentary report (n)edit report (v)editor reporter

>««.» ^^^H editorial review (n)

JBJ^^B ^fibre-optic cable review (v)

WORD CHECK Refer to Focus Words only.

1 Which words in the list do you

reviewer '

satellitesatellite dishsectionshare pricessignal (n)sitcomsituation comedy >small ads

soap operastar (n)

star (v)

"-strip cartoonsupplementtransmittransmitter

TV set

TV stationweekly

3 Using a dictionary if necessary, try to explain the origin of

two of the following words: broadcast crossword documentary pin-up soap opera

4 Several of the words in the listWhich of these jobs would you

are jobs in the media world.prefer to have? Why?

1 Complete the following

questionnaire in groups

THE POLITICIAN QUESTIONNAIRE

1 Tell the others about a politician (living or dead) whoyou admire

2 Think of three adjectives to describe politicians who youadmire

a ;b

4 Would you like to be a politician? Why? Why not?Discuss your answer with a partner

5 What are the arguments for and against a politicalcareer? Record the arguments in the table below

USING DICTIONARIES

DEFINITIONS

L Match these words with

their dictionary definitions

government by the people orthe elected representatives ofthe people

derog a country in which

most activities of the citizensare controlled by (secret)political police

a political system in whichevery citizen is subject to thepower of the state, whichexercises complete control

a system ruled by someonewith complete power,especially if that power wasgained by force

the system of rule by a king

or queen

the use of power cruellyand/or unjustly to rule aperson or country

Can you give examples from history or current affairs of any ofthese types of government?

MEANING

CONNOTATION

w Decide where these words

should go in the diagram The

first one has been done for

you

anarchist capitalist

communist conservative

fascist liberal nationalist

socialist social democrat

WORD FORMATION

PARTS OF SPEECH

ACTIVATE

5 a Choose one of the

characters on the right

and argue in favour of

their political point of

view Convince your

neighbours

b Write a political slogan

which each person could

use on posters telling the

people how 'good' they

are

a Complete the chart with words from exercises 2 and 3 wherepossible

Noun (concept)democracy

Noun (person)democrat

Adjectivedemocratic

b Now use the right form of the words in these sentences

i We should always fight to maintain our (democracy)

institutions

in any form It never solves

H I hate (extremist)anything I am all for (moderate)

ifi The spectre of (totalitarianism)

troubled country

rule hangs over this

.you

iv For someone who is supposed to be a (radical)

seem to have a very (conservative) way ofthinking

v What we need in this country is (socialist) Wedon't need a (monarchy) sitting on a throne telling

us what to do

1 JoNicholAnarchist

5 Paco PendiDictator

2 Gloria IIMonarch

3 Mark TangoFascist

4 Sal RoddSocialist

WORD USE

METAPHOR

0 Explain what each of the

speakers is talking about

'o Oh I think she's quite x

liberal in her views except

when it comes to her own f

_ children

There's complete

anarchy in our

household

c Let's make a fairly conservative

estimate We don't want to go

over the top!

d I remember mygrandmother She

was a real tyrant.

L a Does your country have

similar types of

politician? How are they

different?

b Politicians often have to

resign What reasons

might there be for this?

Yeah The headteacher's a real

fascist*.

g There's no reason to be so dictatorial

;sabout this Surely we can discuss theithjation

In Britain there are three main types of politician

Councillors

Members of Parliament

Members of the House of Lords

They are elected locally to represent thedifferent areas in the region

MPs are elected to form the national

government There is one representativefrom each of the 635 different areas - orconstituencies - of the country Theparty with the biggest majority formsthe government The other parties are 'inopposition'; they try to persuade thegovernment to act differently, on manyoccasions

The House of Lords is an unelectedbody: the members are either created bythe government or inherit their title

WORD USE

COLLOCATION

0 Match the verbs with their

complements Tick the boxes

MEANING

9 a Look at the chart on the

right and check the

meaning of the words in

italics

b Fill in the blanks in the

chart with the following

THE GETTING-AHEAD-IN-BRITISH-POLITICS CHART

1 You are by two members of your local party

14 You become a member of

the shadow cabinet.

16 You become leader of

the

15 You become a member of

17 You become

prime minister.

1U Look at the chart again How is the system in your country

different? What similarities are there?

MEANING

RELATED MEANINGS

11 Can you tell the political story of your country or another

country you know over the last few years?

Use the phrases in the box to answer the questions

vote in favour of/against a tied vote a casting vote a vote

of (no) confidence abstain

a What do you do if you don't agree with a motion or a bill?

b What is there if someone wants to bring down the government?

c What do you do if you don't want to agree and you don't want

to disagree?

d What happens if the Yes and No votes are equal?

WO R D U S E 13 Which of the words go together? Tick the boxes

COLLOCATION

sensationallandslidecrushinghumiliatingslim

smallunassailablelargeoverwhelming

victory, completely defeating her main rival As soon as shearrived on the committee she began to cause trouble; votes onthis, votes on that Whatever George advised them to vote infavour of, she c) And as the weeks went by othersbegan to support her Finally, some weeks later, at the end of along discussion, there was a d) vote with half themembers voting one way and half voting the other Of courseGeorge saved it by using his e) , but it was the beginning

of the end Ten days later Maureen tabled a vote of f)and in the wake of his g) defeat George had noalternative but to resign He felt bitter and betrayed and went off

to live in his luxury villa in Santa Lucia But the rest of us feltsaved

b Can you invent a scenario to fit the facts in this story? Whatwas the committee for? Why did the narrator feel relievedwhen George resigned?

It) Explain the stories behind these headlines

by Party Leader

FOCUS WORDS abstain

anarchistcabinetcandidatecapitalistcasting votecommunistconservativeconstituencycouncillorcrushingdefeatdemocracydictatorshipelectionextremistfascistHouse of CommonsHouse of Lordshumiliating

landslideliberalmajorityMember ofParliamentmoderatemonarchyMPnationalistnominateoligarchyoppositionoverwhelmingparliament(political) partypolice statepoliticianrepresent (aconstituency)resign

FOCUS PHRASES be dictatorial about

complete anarchyconservative estimateliberal/conservative/radical in your views

sensationalslim

social democratsocialist

stand as (acandidate)stand for(parliament)state (n)tied votetotalitarianismtyrannytyrantunassailablevictoryvote (v) (in favourof/against)vote (n)vote of (no)confidence

WORD CHECK Refer to Focus Words and Focus Phrases only.

1 Find all the nouns which refer to:

a people (e.g anarchist)

b political institutions (e.g The House of Lords) ( abstract concepts (e.g democracy)

2 Choose two or three of the Focus Phrases and use them todescribe people or families that you know or know of

3 How many nouns can you find with this stress pattern:

• ?

4 ls.it possible to construct a sentence which includes all theverbs in the Focus Words?

1 Where do they work?

Using a dictionary put the

following people in as many

places in the table as possible

ambassadorconsul

• diplomatemperorforeign ministerforeign secretary(Britain)

secretary ofstate (USA)secretary generalhead of statekingpresidentprime ministerqueen

L Give an example (either from the past or the present) of each of

the following

border empire continent country state region

hemisphere community province

6 Fill in the blanks with words from exercises 1 and 2 The first

letter of the missing word is given to help you in some cases

E

meria today recalled its

a) from Darda 'for

consultation' after a b)

incident in which Dardan troops

crossed into Northern Emeria Carlo

Fredricks, Emeria's c)

, on a visit to the United

Nations, said that unless Dardan

sol-diers stopped the incursions into his

country's territory the government of d)

P Bandrikartawould have to think seriously aboutretaliation

e) P Sylvia Ngobole ofDarda, speaking from the f)

in Fallo, her g) 's capital,blamed members of the Emerian armedforces for the incidents, saying they had

provoked the Dardan troops Shewarned Emeria that any use of forcewould be met by equal force from herown soldiers As tension mounts

in the h) Maria Richardson,Secretary General of the UnitedNations, has invited both sides to bilat-eral talks at the UN headquarters

c something done with a lot of groups (e.g.

disarmament, talks, peace-keeping force) What other words can you think of which start with the same prefixes?

D Describe either a country other than your own or an international event from the recent past using as many of the words from exercises 1 to 3 as possible.

0 Read the two descriptions Which country would you prefer to live in? Why?

DARDA exports beans and rice and imports just about

everything else There is a serious trade imbalance

between it and its partners (including Emeria) Darda has

asked for foreign aid to help it deal with the current food

shortage

Amnesty International has detailed widespread abuse

of human rights, including imprisonment without trial

There arc allegations of torture

The Emerian government has asked the United

Nations to impose economic sanctions on its neighbour

because of its human rights record and because of the

problems at the border

EMERIA enjoys good relations with its trading partners,but it has no oil and has to depend on other countries forits supply Recently it has asked the World Bank for a loan

of $250 million to help it rebuild its industrial capacity.There are many so-called political prisoners in Emeriaand the death penalty exists for many crimes (includingsubversion against the state) But there is no real evidence

of torture or imprisonment without trial

A faction in the country (the Emerian People'sLiberation Army) has recently taken three Westernjournalists as hostages in their campaign forindependence for the northern province of Kasmul

MEANING 1 Find words or phrases in the text which mean the following.

a help (often money) from other countries

b suggestions that people have been physically harmed to get information from them

c people who are kept prisoner so that they can be exchanged for money or other things

d people in prison because of what they say or think

e sells things to other countries

f the conditions of freedom, safety, etc, which everybody should have

g the stopping of trade with a country because you don't like its policies

h buys things from other countries

i an unequal level between countries which sell to each other

0 Complete the following sentences with words from exercise 7.

a We are going to stop oil now that we have discoveredthat we have our own oil fields

b The government's first act was the release of all

who had been arrested because they disagreed withthe policies of the ex-president

( After the invasion the world community imposed

on the aggressive nation

d We have managed tohave coal themselves

e They needwinter

I The

coal to Darda even though they

if they are to survive the cold

record of the last government wasappalling People were regularly imprisoned and tortured

COLLOCATIONS

" Which noun phrases go

with which verb phrases,

either as subjects or objects?

Tick the correct boxes

break downinvadedeclarebreak offsignrestoreagree to

a treaty a cease-fire war talks a country diplomatic

relations

a Which one verb can't take an object?

b Write a paragraph placing the events from the table in a logicalorder Begin with this sentence:

Diplomatic relations between the two countries were broken off ayear ago

1U Tell the story behind these newspaper headlines about theconflict between Emeria and Darda

b

EMERIA ALLEGES HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS

EMERIAN ENVOY WALKS OUT OF UN MEETING

NO SIGN OF AN END

TO WAR IN DARDA

f EMERIAN ARMY 15

MILES INSIDENEIGHBOURINGDARDA

11 What is the difference between the following pairs of words?Put them in the correct sentences.

RELATED MEANINGS

a a rebellion and a riot d a civil war and a guerrilla

b a rebellion and a revolution war

c a protest and a e a revolution and a coup demonstration I a battle and a war

g autonomy and independence

1 means having the right to run your own affairs in your

own part of a country; is the status of complete

freedom from others' control

2 A is an uprising against any central authority; a

is the successful changing of a government (and thepolitical direction of the country) by force

3 A is any peaceful act which shows extremedispleasure; a usually involves a large number ofpeople marching with banners to show (peacefully) their support

or displeasure

4 A is an uprising or fight against any central authority:

a is an incident when a crowd gets wildly andviolently out of control

5 A is the successful changing of a government (and thepolitical direction of the country) by force; a is thesudden seizing of power from the government by an unelectedsmall (armed) group

6 A is a fight between the armed forces of two enemies;

a is a prolonged period of armed fighting betweentwo countries

7 A is a war in which two opposing groups from thesame country enter into conflict with each other; a iswhen a (usually) small unofficial group carries out repeatedsmall attacks on the government or the main official force