Master gmat 2010 part 62 docx

Since either statement considered alone involves a linearequation in two variables, neither statement alone suffices to answer the question.. Since there are two roots possible values of

30 The correct answer is (C) Since either statement considered alone involves a linear

equation in two variables, neither statement alone suffices to answer the question

Consider the two statements together Notice that, in each equation, the right side is

the same: the number 3 Thus, 5x 2 4y 5 4y 2 5x This equation is equivalent to x 54

5y.

Given that x 0, x must be less than y, and the answer to the question must be no.

31 The correct answer is (A) To simplify the problem, write each numerator term over

the common denominator, then cancel common factors:

x42 y5

x4y5 5

x4

x4y52

y5

x4y55

1

y52

1

x4

Then, substitute the values for x and y provided in the question, and combine fractions:

1

~22!52

1

245

1

2322

1

165 2

1

322

2

325 2

3 32

32 The correct answer is (B) Statement (1) provides a factorable quadratic equation

with two different roots: (x 2 1)(x 2 3) 5 0; x 5 1, 3 Since there are two roots (possible

values of x), statement (1) alone is insufficient to answer the question Statement (2)

also provides a factorable quadratic equation, but the two roots are the same:

(x 2 1)(x 2 1) 5 0; x 5 1 Since the only possible value of x is 1, statement (2) alone

suffices to answer the question

33 The correct answer is (C) Statement (1) alone is insufficient because it provides no

information about CD Statement (2) alone is insufficient because it provides no

information about AB Together, however, statements (1) and (2) suffice to answer the

question Given statement (1), you can determine the circle’s circumference, which is

twice the length of two arcs created by a diameter chord From the circumference you

can determine the circle’s diameter and compare it to the length of CD, which statement

(2) indicates is 5 (Although you don’t need to do the calculations or actually answer the

question, the circle’s circumference is twice the length of arc ACB, or 10p, and its

diameter is 10 Given that the length of CD 5 5, the length of AB the length of CD,

and the answer to the question is yes.)

34 The correct answer is (E) Since x equals the rate (speed) of the freight train, you can

express the rate of the passenger train as x 1 45 Substitute these values for time and

rate into the formula for each train:

Formula: rate 3 time 5 distance

Passenger: ~x 1 45!~3! 5 3x 1 135

Freight: ~x!~3! 5 3x

The combined distance that the two trains covered is 3x 1 (3x 1 135) 5 6x 1 135.

35 The correct answer is (D) Statement (1) focuses on the weighted-average concept.

Given a sum as well as the relative weight of all members in the set (all five grocery

items), you can determine each member (the price of each item) Statement (1) provides

all the information you need Statement (2) alone suffices to answer the question:

$6.05 2 (4)($1.10) 5 the price of the most expensive item (For the record, given either

statement alone, the price of the most expensive item is $1.65.)

36 The correct answer is (A) The edgeSs 13

2Donly accommodates (s 1 1) 1-inch cubes

along its edge The additional half-inch is unused space Thus, the number of 1-inch

cubes that can be packed into the box is the product of the three edges: (s)(s 11)(s 21)

5 s(s22 1) 5 s32 s.

37 The correct answer is (D) Regardless of the number of marbles in the bag, the

red-blue-green marble ratio is 4:2:1 As you can see, blue marbles account for2

7of the total number of marbles Thus, the probability of picking a blue marble is2

7.

Verbal Section

1 A

2 E

3 C

4 C

5 E

6 C

7 A

8 D

9 B

10 B

11 E

12 C

13 C

14 A

15 C

16 D

17 A

18 B

19 E

20 E

21 D

22 B

23 D

24 B

25 A

26 C

27 A

28 E

29 D

30 B

31 A

32 B

33 D

34 A

35 A

36 B

37 E

38 D

39 E

40 D

41 D

1 The correct answer is (A) The original version is correct The subject is compound

and therefore takes the plural verb form require, not the singular form requires—as

choices (B), (C), and (E) provide Choice (D) undermines the grammatical parallelism between the underlined phrase and the sentence’s final clause

2 The correct answer is (E) The original version is not a complete sentence Choice (E)

corrects the problem by replacing but with is Choice (B) also fixes the problem, but its use of the subjunctive mood (would instead) makes no sense in context.

3 The correct answer is (C) The argument fails to explicitly provide that employees

who are at least ten years out of college change employers less frequently on average than other employees This premise is essential to the argument’s conclusion, and choice (C) supplies this additional premise

4 The correct answer is (C) The original sentence makes an illogical comparison

between speech and region Choice (C) corrects the problem by adding that of, without

creating any new problems

5 The correct answer is (E) The argument relies on the unstated assumption that no

factor other than Gary’s driving speed might be responsible for the recent decrease in his fuel mileage; in other words, no other circumstances that might affect fuel mileage have changed recently One effective way to weaken the argument would be to refute this assumption Choice (E) accomplishes this by providing a convincing alternative explanation for the decrease

6 The correct answer is (C) Of the five choices, choice (C) is the best because it

substantiates an assumption needed for the argument’s conclusion to be reasonable

Unless the winning candidate actually wages an expensive television ad campaign, it

makes no sense to conclude that this type of campaign contributed to the

candidate’s victory

7 The correct answer is (A) The passage indicates that prior to the discovery of

extremophiles the thermal threshold was set at 60 degrees centigrade “because it was

thought that the molecular integrity of vital cellular components could not be

maintained beyond such temperatures.” It can be inferred that if extremophiles can live

and thrive past 60 degrees centigrade, they can maintain molecular integrity past the

previous thermal threshold Hence, choice (A) is the correct answer (The passage does

not mention extremophiles existing in moderate environments, so choice (B) cannot be

inferred from the passage.)

8 The correct answer is (D) Based on the context, it is clear that the author considers

thermal threshold to mean “the temperature at which biological organisms begin to

break down due to heat.” Choice (D) best expresses this meaning

9 The correct answer is (B) In the first sentence, the author describes the modification

made to an existing system for classifying biological life forms Then, in the rest of the

passage, the author provides the reason for the modification

10 The correct answer is (B) The original sentence suffers from faulty parallelism.

Removing the second phrase of the comparison (set off by commas) reveals the omission

of as (is as crucial as) Choice (B) completes the form of the idiomatic phrase by

including the word as.

11 The correct answer is (E) The original version is redundant in its use of job twice.

Also, at times is not idiomatic here (Either sometimes or occasionally would have been

correct.) Choice (E) corrects both problems So does choice (D), but using the word some

twice sounds clumsy and alters the sentence’s meaning—by going too far in limiting the

situations in which a demonstration is requested

12 The correct answer is (C) In the original sentence, the two-word phrase some times

is improper in context and should be replaced with a word such as occasionally or

sometimes Also, the original sentence employs the passive voice—the subject (airplanes

departing) is acted upon by (prevented by) its object (severe weather) The result is

awkward and confusing Choice (C) corrects both problems, replacing some times with

sometimes and using the active voice instead.

13 The correct answer is (C) The passage’s first two sentences point out that large

pharmaceutical companies are motivated primarily by profit, even to the extent that

they trade off millions of cholera- and malaria-related deaths every year to ensure their

own profitability In light of these premises, the next premise (the passage’s final

sentence) leads strongly to the conclusion that these companies are willing to make a

similar trade-off when it comes to saving victims of germ warfare

14 The correct answer is (A) The argument depends on the assumption that a great

white shark would not survive at Bayside Aquarium long enough to have any significant impact on public awareness Choice (A) provides evidence that helps refute this assumption (Common sense tells us that a captive animal is more likely to survive

in an environment similar to its natural habitat than in a different environment.)

15 The correct answer is (C) The sentence to which this question refers parallels the

preceding sentence, in which the author indicates the Encyclopedists’ concern for both the theoretical and the practical The author appears to provide one example of each—the subject of the human soul is theoretical while the subject of stocking production is practical

16 The correct answer is (D) Notice that in the preceding sentence the author uses the

phrase “dared to publicly assert the intellectual freedom ” This phrase suggests a challenge to political authority Although the inference in choice (D) is not self-evident, choice (D) is nevertheless a more reasonable explanation than any of the other four choices for the author’s use of the word “understandably.”

17 The correct answer is (A) Although the French government refused to license its

printing, the work was nevertheless printed and sold extensively throughout Europe The clear implication is that its printing (as well as distribution) was illegal

18 The correct answer is (B) The passage posits the following simple argument: If both

of two conditions (exposure to the nuclear testing at an age less than 10 years) are true, then a particular result (death before age 50) is certain Given that this argument is true, any person alive today who resided in the town during the testing (and therefore was exposed to the resulting radiation) must have been at least 10 years old at the time Here’s the essence of the reasoning:

Premise: If both A and B, then C.

Premise: Not C.

Conclusion: Not both A and B.

19 The correct answer is (E) The argument asserts essentially that it was the

marketing campaign, and not some other factor, that was responsible for the high number of sales of the new version of ActiveWeb compared to competing products One way to support the argument is to rule out one or more other factors that might have been responsible for this phenomenon instead By implication, choice (E) provides just

this sort of evidence While favorable third-party reviews of ActiveWeb would serve to

weaken the claim that the marketing campaign was the cause of the sales results,

unfavorable reviews would accomplish just the opposite.

20 The correct answer is (E) One problem with the original sentence is that it makes

an illogical comparison, suggesting that a pluralistic democracy is not a system of

government, when in fact it is The solution is to add other to the end of the underlined phrase A second problem with the original sentence is that in greater degree is not idiomatic; to a greater degree would be the appropriate idiom here Choice (E) corrects the first error and avoids the second one by replacing in greater degree with the

21 The correct answer is (D) The words examination, diagnosing, and treatment are not

all grammatically parallel One solution is to replace diagnosing with diagnosis Also,

the first clause seems to refer nonsensically to patients because of this word’s proximity

to the clause The solution is to reconstruct the sentence so that the clause is closer to

physicians than to patients Choice (D) is the only alternative that corrects both

problems without creating any new ones

22 The correct answer is (B) The argument assumes that the proposed course of

action—reducing demand for aoli tree bark—is necessary to prevent total depletion of

aoli tree bark within fifty years However, the argument ignores the possibility of

increasing supply as an alternative means of achieving this goal Choice (B) provides

this alternative

23 The correct answer is (D) Based on the last sentence of the passage, we can conclude

that juvenile criminals associate primarily with other juvenile criminals, and that adult

criminals constitute the same group of people who were juvenile criminals For choice

(D) to not be readily inferable would require that most adult criminals associate

primarily with law-abiding peers as teenagers But this contradicts what we know

about adult criminals, based on the passage information Thus, choice (D) is

strongly inferable

24 The correct answer is (B) In the original version, both limit of the number and limit

of the boundaries improperly use of (In both cases, limit on is idiomatic.) Also, the

plural numbers should be replaced with number Choice (B) corrects both problems.

25 The correct answer is (A) The original version is the best one Choice (B) is wordy

and awkward; choice (C) alters the sentence’s meaning by suggesting not using

waterfront land at all; choice (D) is awkward; and choice (E) contains utilizations, which

is not a word

26 The correct answer is (C) The passage’s author indicates that Elvery was influenced

by fifteenth-century Italian art, but the author neither states nor suggests that Elvery

was influenced by her French contemporaries Choice (D) is not explicitly supported in

the passage However, in the third paragraph the author indicates that Keating was a

student of Orpen The fact that Orpen participated in the French avant-garde

experiment as a teacher lends strong support to the assertion that Keating was also

influenced by the avant-garde movement

27 The correct answer is (A) Although the passage does not indicate the subject matter

of the paintings of realists Henry and Keating, the author discusses Lavery and Orpen

as depicting in their paintings somewhat romanticized scenes of politically charged

subject matter Yeats’ focus on everyday Irish life is set against, yet complements, (i.e.,

provides a “counterpoint to”) the depictions by Lavery and Orpen

28 The correct answer is (E) The passage’s main concern, expressed in the first

sentence, is with the transition in Ireland from art that was influenced primarily by

Britain’s lyrical tradition to art that reflected Ireland’s distinct national character Of

the five answer choices, choice (E) is most consistent with this overall concern

29 The correct answer is (D) As a whole, the passage involves the increasing role that

Irish tradition and nationalism played in the subject matter of Irish painting, beginning

at the turn of the twentieth century The first sentence strongly suggests that the article would continue in this vein

30 The correct answer is (B) Assuming the number of viable competitors has increased

during the last two years, the likely result would be to draw circulation away from already viable newspapers, including the most profitable one Given that profitability depends primarily on advertising revenues and therefore on circulation, choice (B) actually exacerbates the discrepancy between the two statements

31 The correct answer is (A) The argument is essentially that the proposed law makes

no sense because knitting needles are dangerous as well The argument relies explicitly

on an analogy between hypodermic and knitting needles Thus, the two must be similar

in all respects relevant to the argument Otherwise, the argument is unconvincing Choice (A) affirms that knitting needles are in fact dangerous, thereby affirming the analogy between the two types of needles

32 The correct answer is (B) The underlined part leaves it unclear whether the Milky

Way is the name of our galaxy or the name for the center of our galaxy Choice (B) reconstructs the underlined part to clear up the ambiguity

33 The correct answer is (D) In the original version, the shift in time frame from past

(were) to present (have expected) is confusing and illogical Also, the syntax obscures the intended meaning; specifically, one could interpret neither result of the two experiments

to mean that each of the two experiments had two results; but this is clearly not the intended meaning Finally, the plural verb were does not agree in number with its singular subject neither result Choice (D) remedies all of these problems.

34 The correct answer is (A) The subjunctive mood is appropriate for this sentence

since it ostensibly involves a contrary-to-fact situation Either of two phrases—If empty

space were or Were empty space—would be perfectly acceptable here Choice (A) employs

the latter phrase Choices (B) and (C) incorrectly use the present tense is, which is

inappropriate for expressing the subjunctive mood Choice (B) is also wordy Choice (D)

is not idiomatic (That should be replaced with If.) Choice (E) incorrectly uses the past tense was.

35 The correct answer is (A) Unless the primary motivation for joining a gym is a

concern for health and fitness, the fact that club memberships are in decline is insufficient to show that people are becoming less concerned about their health and fitness The argument fails to rule out other possibilities as the major reasons people use health clubs—for example, to socialize—as well as other possible reasons people might discontinue using health clubs—for example, because membership fees have become less affordable

36 The correct answer is (B) The high-altitude plateaus are called altiplano (lines

16–17) The passage states explicitly that the soil fertility in the northern altiplano is

generally good (lines 18–20)

37 The correct answer is (E) The passage provides explicitly that, unlike the Northern

Andes, the eastern slopes of the Central Andes have a dry season (lines 24–29)

38 The correct answer is (D) This question focuses on the information in the second

paragraph The author first notes that vegetation patterns correspond generally with

climate (as determined primarily by latitude and altitude) Accordingly, altitude and

latitude affect vegetation patterns throughout the region Then, in the final sentence

the author points out that, in spite of the general correspondence between climate and

vegetation, local patterns may not correspond so precisely with climate, due to a

number of local factors Choice (D) accurately reflects the information in the second

paragraph

39 The correct answer is (E) The only evidence the spokesperson has provided that the

coasters still in operation are safe is that no fatalities occurred last year involving any

one of these coasters To better assess their safety, it would be helpful to determine the

incidence of not just fatal accidents but also non-fatal accidents involving these

coasters Although the investigations described in choices (B), (C), and (D) might shed

some additional light on the safety of these coasters, the investigation described in

choice (E) relates most directly to the specific coasters that the spokesperson claims to

be safe

40 The correct answer is (D) The original version misplaces the modifying phrase when

its people obey and revere the law As it stands, the pronoun its appears to refer to

Lincoln; but the intended reference is to democracy Choice (D) clarifies the pronoun

reference by positioning its after its antecedent democracy.

41 The correct answer is (D) SubStop complied with the state’s cost-of-living raise

requirements (The question stem stipulates that all information in the passage is true.)

Therefore, the only explanation for giving either type of raise (discretionary or

cost-of-living) to 2 employees last year is that they had worked for SubStop

continuously for six months

answer sheet

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