Real World Adobe InDesign CS4- P16 pptx

Object styles are just like paragraph and character styles, except that they apply to objects instead of text.. In this example, we chose to associate a paragraph style and text frame

gets too close to the top or bottom of the text frame, the anchored object might extend past the frame’s top or bottom edge If you don’t want this to happen, turn this option on.

Prevent Manual Positioning As we noted earlier, turning on the

Prevent Manual Positioning checkbox is exactly the same as ing Lock Position from the Object menu It’s just a good way to ensure that your anchored objects don’t get accidentally moved

choos-Seeing Markers Once you’ve set up an anchored object, you may

not remember where, exactly, the anchor marker is located Choose Show Hidden Characters from the Type menu, and you’ll see a little anchor marker symbol in the story—it’s a light blue yen character (¥) Similarly, if you open Story Editor, you can see a black anchor symbol

at that location But perhaps the most useful indicator appears when you choose Show Text Threads from the View menu—select the text frame or the anchored object with the Selection tool and you’ll see a dashed line connecting the two

You can wrap text around inline or anchored objects This feature

comes with three big caveats First, only the story in which the object

is anchored is affected Text in other frames ignores anchored objects Second, if you anchor an object inside a table cell, text wrap is com-

pletely ignored Finally, only the lines following the line containing

an anchored object are affected by the object’s text wrap The line containing the anchored object ignores the text wrap

Drop Cap Wrap One of the most frustrating aspects of drop caps

is that there is no way to tell InDesign to wrap the subsequent text around them You can fake it by putting the drop cap character in a separate text frame, or by converting the character to outlines, but then the drop cap wouldn’t travel with the text, right?

Enter inline frames As David first documented in his book with

Anne-Marie Concepción, Adobe InDesign Breakthroughs, you can

place a drop cap character in a separate frame, paste it at the end of

the paragraph before the paragraph in which it’s supposed to appear

(you can put the frame in a blank paragraph when the drop cap appears at the beginning of the story), and then adjust the text wrap boundaries with the Direct Selection tool to get the effect you want (see Figure 6-55)

Ole notes that this is a heck of a lot of work to go through to achieve

a design effect that is both ugly and makes your text harder to read (as varying the starting position of successive text lines always does)

Text Wrap and Inline

and Anchored Objects

Further, he notes in his irritating, pedantic fashion, there’s a reason that the drop caps in beautiful old books always place the ornamen-tal drop cap in a rectangular frame—to avoid this very temptation.

Earlier, we mentioned that inline frames are the best way to create hanging side heads (such as the one loitering to the left of this para-graph), but we were telling only half of the story By experimenting

on ourselves (as any good pair of mad scientists should), we’ve found that the best approach to hanging side heads is to create inline frames

by copying, pasting, and then converting them to anchored objects

We did this because we found that changes in InDesign between

CS and CS2 made it much more difficult to control the vertical tion of inline frames—which, in turn, made managing our hanging side heads a bit of a challenge The good news is that anchored objects offer a level of precision that inline frames just can’t match We found

posi-a set of posi-anchored object settings thposi-at worked well with our hposi-ang-ing side heads, and then created a script to apply the changes to our chapters

hang-We set up the hanging side heads—most of which were already inline graphics—as shown in Figure 6-56 The horizontal location of the top left corner of the hanging side head is set to the left edge of the text frame, and the vertical location is 13 points above the baseline

of the line of text containing the anchor (our leading grid is based on

13 point increments)

Anchored Object Recipe: Hanging Side Heads

Figure 6-55 Wrapping Around an

Anchored Drop Cap

The original paragraph with a drop cap

Cut the drop cap, remove the drop cap formatting from the paragraph, and then paste the drop cap into a new text frame Choose Fit Frame to Content, then use the Selection tool to cut the drop cap frame and paste it into the line before the paragraph.

Choose Wrap Around Bounding Box in the Text Wrap panel, increase the wrap

a few points (so you can see them) and then use the Direct Selection tool to cre- ate a custom wrap.

Figure 6-56 Hanging Side Heads as

Anchored Objects

We allow manual positioning because we need to be able to adjust the height of the

frame as we add or delete text.

The vertical location of the side head

is 13 points above the baseline of the line of text containing the anchor.

The horizontal location of the top left corner of the side head is set to the left edge of the text frame (that’s what the zero in the X Offset field means).

We want the frame to remain within the vertical bounds of the text frame, and we allow manual positioning (because we need to be able to adjust the height of the frame as we add or delete text)

Object Styles

The sidebars in your magazine have a twenty percent cyan fill and a soft drop shadow How many thousand times must you apply that same fill and shadow before you go mad and throw someone else’s computer out the window? (You wouldn’t throw your own out the window; your favorite games are there.) One solution would be to keep an example object in a library (see Chapter 1, “Workspace”) or

a snippet (see Chapter 7, “Import and Export”) A more flexible and powerful solution is to create an object style

Object styles are just like paragraph and character styles, except that they apply to objects instead of text An object style is basically just a bunch of object formatting with a name You can apply that style to a frame or path on your page and all the appropriate for-matting is applied If you later change the definition of the style, the change immediately ripples through to all the objects tagged with that style

To create an object style, hold down Option/Alt and click the New Object Style button at the bottom of the Object Styles panel (press

Creating Object Styles

Command-F7/Ctrl-F7 to display the panel if it is not already visible)

If you have an object selected, the new object style takes on the matting attributes of the object If you don’t have anything selected

for-on the page, then the object style takes for-on the default formatting of the document, and you will have to define the style from scratch We strongly urge you to use the “create style by example” approach, as shown in Figure 6-57)

The New Object Style dialog box consists of 10 panels (count ’em!), including Fill, Stroke, Transparency, and Anchored Object Options You can turn the checkbox next to each panel on or off On means

“apply this formatting as part of the style.” Off means “ignore this formatting.” That is, if you turn off the Fill checkbox, it doesn’t mean that the fill should be set to None; it means that this object style has

no effect on the fill of objects

You can create one object style that applies only a specific text wrap to an object, and a different style that applies only a stroke and

a drop shadow If you draw a frame and apply the first style, only the text wrap would be applied Then you can apply the second style, changing only the stroke and drop shadow At this point, the object

is tagged with the second style, not the first, which means that if you redefine the first object style, this object will not be updated

Note that you can press Tab to jump to the list of panels, and then press the up and down arrow keys on your keyboard to move among them You can also Option/Alt-click on a checkbox to toggle the other categories: Option/Alt-click on an “on” checkbox to turn all the others off, and vice versa

Style Settings At the bottom of the General panel of the New Object

Style dialog box is a list of Style Settings You can use this as a mary of settings the object style will apply But to be honest, we never use this It’s just easier to use the shortcuts to flip through each panel

sum-If you do use it, you should Option/Alt-click on the little triangles so that they fully expand (Otherwise, you have to click over and over again, which is annoying.)

Keyboard Shortcuts You can assign a keyboard shortcut to an

object style in the General panel Like keyboard shortcuts for graph styles and character styles, the shortcut must use the numeric keypad keys (make sure that Num Lock is on), not normal numbers, characters, or function keys

para-Basing One Object Style on Another You can also choose another

object style from the Based On pop-up menu in the General panel

Figure 6-57 Creating an Object Style

1 Select an object that has

the formatting attributes

you want to assign to the

object style.

2 Hold down Option/Alt and click the New Object Style button.

3 Make any changes you

want in the panels of the

New Object Style dialog box

Turn off sections to prevent

the style from affecting

the corresponding object

properties.

In this example, we chose

to associate a paragraph

style and text frame baseline

offset with the object style,

so the text inside the objects

was affected, too.

You can also apply transparency effects to

Object, Fill, Stroke, or Text

inside an object style.

4 Click OK, and InDesign

adds the new object style to

the list of available styles.

5 Select an object or objects

and apply the style, and

you’ll see that the formatting

attributes of the original

object are applied to the

selected objects.

to create a “parent/child” relationship between styles If you change the definition of the based on (“parent”) style, that change is passed along to this style, too—provided that the child style didn’t already override the parent style’s formatting

To clear the formatting in an object style that differs from its parent style, click the Reset to Base button This makes the attributes

of the style identical to those of the parent style

Every new document you create contains three initial object styles: None, Basic Graphics Frame, and Basic Text Frame (They’re listed

in the panel with brackets so you know that they’re special and can’t

be deleted.) When you create a path or an empty frame (one with

an “X” through it), the None style is applied—that is, no style at all When you make a text or graphics frame, the relevant style is applied You can redefine these styles (see “Editing Object Styles,” later in this section), and once you create new object styles, you can even tell InDesign to use those as your defaults instead

For example, you might need to create a bunch of matted text frames You could change the Default Text Frame Style

similarly-for-to one with the appropriate formatting, draw the frames, and then restore the original settings to the default style To change the default text frame style, choose a style from the Default Text Frame Style submenu in the Object Styles panel menu (Or the Default Graphics Frame Style submenu to change that default.)

Actually, it’s even easier than that: See the little icons to the right

of the default styles in the panel? Just drag one of them to the style you want to set as the default (see Figure 6-58) Alternatively, you can deselect everything and then select a style In general, this sets the default graphics frame style; but when you have the Type tool selected, this sets the default text frame style

The Default Styles

Figure 6-58 Setting a Default Object Style

Drag the default icon (for either the graphics frame or text frame) to a new object style.

The object style you drop the icon

on becomes the default object style for the corresponding frame type.

You can apply an object style in any of several ways

▶ Select an object or series of objects and click the object style name in the Object Styles panel (or choose it from the object style pop-up menu in the Control panel)

Applying Object Styles

▶ Drag an object style name from the Object Styles panel and drop

it on an object (the object need not be selected)

▶ Select an object, then press Command-Return/Ctrl-Enter to invoke the Quick Apply feature, and then type a few characters

of the style name (see “Quick Apply,” later in this chapter)

Note that if you have a lot of object styles, you can rearrange them

in the panel by dragging them up or down To reset them to betical order, choose Sort by Name from the panel menu

alpha-Clearing Local Formatting Just as you can apply local text

format-ting to text over a paragraph or character style, you can apply local object formatting over an object style You might apply an object style that fills a frame with cyan, and then manually override that to make the frame yellow To remove all of the local overrides, click the Clear Overrides button in the Object Styles panel (or choosing the feature of the same name from the panel menu) Or you can Option/Alt-click on the style name to reset it and remove all overrides

There’s another “clear” button in the panel: Clear Attributes Not Defined by Style Clicking this button (or choosing it from the panel menu) is the same as applying the None object style and then reap-plying the style InDesign sets all the object formatting that isn’t described in the style definition (all of the panels without check-marks next to them) to equal what you’d get with the None style

Breaking the Link As we mentioned earlier, applying an object style

creates a link between the object and the style To convert the ting applied by the object style to local formatting and break the link between the object and the style, choose Break Link to Style from the Object Styles panel menu The object’s appearance won’t change, but future changes to the style definition have no effect on the object

format-There are a whole mess o’ ways to edit an object style

▶ Double-click the style name in the Object Styles panel If an object is selected on the page when you do this, the style will be applied to it

▶ Right-click (or Control-click until you come to your senses and buy a two-button mouse) the style name in the Object Styles panel and choose Edit This has the advantage of not applying the style to any selected objects

Editing Object Styles

▶ Select an object that has the style applied to it and then choose Style Options from the object style pop-up menu in the Control panel (this pop-up menu sits to the left of pop-up menu that lists the object styles).

▶ Press Command-Return/Ctrl-Enter to bring up Quick Apply, type enough of the style name so that it is highlighted, and then press Command-Return/Ctrl-Enter again

▶ Change the formatting of an object that is already tagged with the style, and then choose Redefine Style from the Object Styles panel menu This updates the style definition to match the cur-rent formatting of the selected object

To delete an object style, select the style in the Object Styles panel and click the Delete Style button, or drag the style name on top of the button If the style is in use (if any objects are tagged with it), InDesign asks you which style it should apply in its place If you choose None, you also have the option to Preserve Formatting When this checkbox is on, objects that were tagged with the style will still appear the same, but all the formatting will be converted to local formatting If you turn off Preserve Formatting, the objects will

be completely cleared of formatting: no fill, stroke, and so on

How can you move your carefully-constructed object styles from one document to another? One easy way is to copy any object tagged with the style and then paste it into the target document—the style comes with it and you can then delete the object if you want

If you want to import a bunch of styles, it may be easier to choose Load Object Styles from the Object Style panel menu InDesign asks you to select another InDesign document, and then asks you which object styles you want to import from it If there are object styles that have the same name in the two documents, you have a choice whether to use the incoming definition or to rename the style

Placing Text on a Path

InDesign can place text on a path, as well as place text inside a path

(which is what a text frame is, after all) Once you’ve added text to a path, you can select the text just as you would select any other text—select the Type tool and drag it through the characters you want to

Deleting Object Styles

Importing Object Styles

select, or click the Type tool in the text and use keyboard shortcuts

To select the path, use the Selection tool or Direct Selection tool

To attach text to a path, follow these steps (see Figure 6-59)

1 Select the Path Type tool

2 Move the tool over a path The cursor changes to indicate that InDesign is ready to place text on the path

3 Click the tool on the path InDesign places the cursor on the path The position of the cursor depends on the document’s default paragraph alignment (if the default alignment is left, for example, the cursor will appear at the start of the path) Instead

of clicking, you can drag the tool along the path to define the area of the path you want to fill with text

If InDesign cannot fit all of the text onto the path, the extra text is stored as overset text

4 Add text to the path just as you would add text to a text frame—by typing, pasting text from the Clipboard, or import-ing text from a text file This creates a new kind of object—not a text frame, not a path, but a blending of the two we’ll refer to as

a “path text object” from here on out

Once you’ve attached text to a path, you can change its position

on the path by dragging the Start Indicator or the End Indicator (see Figure 6-60), or change its orientation relative to the path using the Center/Flip Direction Indicator (see Figure 6-61)

Like text frames, path text objects feature an in port and an out port you can use to link the text to other text containers (text frames

or other text path objects) You can even link text from a path text object to the interior of the path text object InDesign does not apply paragraph rules to text in path text objects

You can control both the baseline position of text on a path and the relationship of the text to the shape of the path To do this, select

a path text object (or some of the text on a path) and then choose Options from the Type on a Path submenu of the Type menu (or Context menu) InDesign displays the Type on a Path Options dialog box (see Figure 6-62)

Effect Do the character shapes distort in some way, or do they

remain unchanged? That’s the question you’re answering when you make a choice from the Effect pop-up menu (see Figure 6-63) What, exactly, do these oddly named options do?

Type on a Path Options

Select the Type on a Path tool.

Position the tool above a path.

Enter, paste, or place some text.

Use the Type on a Path tool to select and format the text.

InDesign displays this cursor when the Type on a Path tool

is ready to add text

to a path.

Figure 6-59 Adding Text to a Path

Select the Selection tool and

position the cursor above the

Start indicator…

…and drag the indicator along the path.

InDesign repositions the text on the path.

…or the End indicator…

Figure 6-60 Changing the Position

▶ 3D Ribbon skews the vertical axis of each character to match the angle of the path at the location of the character, but leaves the character’s horizontal axis unchanged

Select the object using the

Selection tool…

…then choose Options from the Type on

a Path submenu of the Type menu.

InDesign displays the Type on a Path Options

dialog box.

Drag the dialog box out of the way (if necessary) and turn on the Preview option

so that you can see the effect of the changes you make in the dialog box.

Figure 6-62 Path Type Options

Select the Selection tool and

position the cursor above

the Flip indicator…

…and drag the indicator to the other side of the path.

InDesign flips the text on the path.

Figure 6-61 Flipping Text on a Path

▶ Stair Step aligns the center point of each character’s baseline to match the angle of the path at the location of the character, but does not rotate the character

▶ Gravity rotates the center of the baseline of each character to match the angle of the path at the character, skews the hori-zontal axis of the character to match that angle, and skews the vertical axis of each character around the geometric center point

of the path

Figure 6-63 Path Type Effects

Gravity is a combination

of Rainbow and Skew—it rotates the characters around the path and skews the horizontal axis of each character.

Stair Step moves the characters along the path, but does not skew or rotate the characters to match the path.

3D Ribbon skews the vertical

axis of each character to

match the angle of the path,

but leaves the character’s

horizontal axis unchanged.

Skew skews the horizontal axis of each character to match the angle of the path, but leaves the vertical axis of the character unchanged.

Rainbow rotates the characters around the path.

Flip You’ve probably noticed that path text follows the direction of

the path—the first character of the text typically appears at (or, if you’ve dragged the Path Type tool, nearest) the first point in the path Given this, you’d think that you could select the path and choose Reverse Path from the Options menu to make the text read from the opposite end of the path But you can’t (not without first removing the text from the path, anyway) To do what you’re trying to do, turn

on the Flip option (see Figure 6-64)

Align These options control the way the text aligns to the path itself

Choose Ascender to align the top of the capital letters in the text (more or less) to the path, or choose Descender to position the bot-toms of the characters on the path Choose Center to align the text to the path at a point that’s half of the height of the capital characters in the font, or choose Baseline to align the baseline of the characters to the path (see Figure 6-65)

Figure 6-64 Another Way to Flip

Text on a Path

Turn on the Flip option, and InDesign flips the text across the path.

Display the Type on a Path Options dialog box and turn

on the Flip option.

Select a path text object.

Figure 6-65 Align Options

Baseline aligns the baseline

of the characters to the path.

Center aligns the text to the path at a point that’s half of the height of the characters.

Descender positions the characters’ descenders

on the path

Ascender aligns the top of the capital letters in the text to the path.

To Path The options on the To Path pop-up menu control the way

that the text aligns to the stroke of the path Choose Top to place the

alignment point (whatever it was you chose from the Align pop-up menu) of the text at the top of the stroke; or Bottom to place it at the bottom of the stroke; or Center to align the alignment point of the text with the center of the path (see Figure 6-66) For more precise control of the text position, use baseline shift

Center aligns the text to the center of the path (using the Align option to deter- mine which part of the text

Spacing The Spacing field (and attached pop-up menu) control the

spacing of text around curves in the path Enter a value (in points) in this field to tighten or loosen character spacing around curves (see Figure 6-67) Note that this setting has no effect on the kerning or tracking of text on straight line segments

To remove the text from a path type object and convert the object back into a “normal” path, you need to do more than simply delete the text characters If you do this, the object remains a path type object Instead, select the path (or some of the text on the path) and choose Delete Type on a Path from the Type on a Path submenu (of the Type menu or Context menu)

Removing Type from a Path

Figure 6-67 Spacing

…and InDesign adjusts the

spacing of text on curved

line segments.

Enter a value in the Spacing field…

Figure 6-68 Quick Apply

1 Select an object and

press Command-Return/

Ctrl-Enter.

2 InDesign displays the Quick Apply panel.

3 Start typing As you type,

InDesign matches the characters you type with

style names You can press

the up or down arrow keys

to select from the list.

4 When you see that InDesign has selected the style you want to apply, press Return/Enter.

5 InDesign hides Quick Apply and applies the style to the selection (in this case, we’ve applied a paragraph style to a

text frame).

Quick Apply

There are some InDesign features that make a huge difference in the way that we work, but seem, in some ways, very small They don’t take long to describe, and, once you’re used to them, you barely have

to think about them Take unlimited undo, for example—it’s hard to imagine doing without it, but you hardly notice it It just works The same is true for the Quick Apply feature, which feels to us as if it’s become part of our autonomous nervous systems (see Figure 6-68).Quick Apply gives you a way to apply character, paragraph, object, table, or cell styles It also lets you select menu items, run scripts, and insert text variables So what? You can already do all these things with panels, keyboard shortcuts, and the menus themselves The

trouble is that these methods cost something Panels use up precious

screen real estate Keyboard shortcuts are limited by available keys and by our overstressed memories And using menus to do anything expends a precious commodity—human patience

Quick Apply takes up no space on screen when it’s not in use, requires that you remember only one shortcut, and doesn’t require you to drag a cursor around