/ǝ/ ơ/ Many different spelling, always unstressed.'further, 'nervous, a'rrive, po'lice, in'ventor, a'gree, 9... Consona nt Sounds Like Usual spelling Spelling Patterns But also1.. /ȝ/ d
Trang 1Consonants
No Vowel Sounds like Usual spelling Spelling Patterns But also
e: these, metre, secret, evening, museum,
ee: agree, feel, see, teeth,
ea: eat, mean, seat, teach, team,
i: ski, kilo, littre pizza, police, machine,
ie: field, piece,
ey: key,
eo: people,
2 /ı/ i/ i: dinner, if, listen, miss, swim, yu: busy, gym,: busy, business,
e: English, decide, repeat,
u*: use, music, rude, university,
ew: new, knew,
oe, oo, ou, ue: blue, group, school, shoe,
when the spelling is u or ew, there is often pronounced /j/ sound before the /uː/
ui: fruit, juice, suit,
other: do, two,
4 /ʊ/ u/ uoo: full, suger, pull, push,: book, foot, look, room, ouother: women,: could, should, would,
5 /ʌ/ ă/ u: bus, cup, much, run, study, sun, uncle,
under,
o: come, front, Monday, month, mother, nothing,
6 /ɑː/ a→ afather, glass, tomato,: after, ask, answer, bath, class, dance, fast,
ar: bar, car, card, far, park, star, start,
aunt, laugh, heart, half,
7 /æ/ a/ a: back, camera, factory, hat, jam, manager,
map, plan, traffic,
8 /ǝ/ ơ/ Many different spelling, always unstressed.'further, 'nervous, a'rrive, po'lice, in'ventor, a'gree,
9 /ɜː/ ơ→ erir: bird, first, birthday, circle,: service, prefer, verb, university,
ur: turn, Thursday,
or: word, work, world, worst,
ear: early, earth, heard, learn,
our: journey,
10 /ɒ/ o ojob, long, often, possible, shop, sorry, wrong,: box, clock, copy, doctor, dog, got, holiday, a: quality, want, wash watch, what,
a: all, ball, call, fall, tall, wall, water,
al: ball, talk, walk,
aw: saw, awful, saw,
or: born, corner, forty, horse, short, sort,
ar: quarter, warm,
au: autumn,
oor: door, floor,
ore: before, more,
our: four,
augh: caught, daught, taught,
ough: bought, thought,
e: check, leg, letter, red, sentence, very, ea: bread, head,
ie: friend,
a: any, many,
ai: again, said,
13 /eǝ/ e airare: air, chair, fair, hair, stair,: care, square,
ear: wear,
ere: where,
aer: aeroplane,
14 /ıǝ/ ia eareer: ear, beard, clear, hear, nearly, year,: beer, cheers,
ere: here, cereal,
real, idea, serious,
15 /eı/ ây aai*: age, came, plane, table,: rain, wait,
ay: day, play, say,
ey: grey, they,
ea: break, great, steak,
eigh: eight, greak, wright,
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Trang 216 /aı/ ai iy*: like, time, white,: dry, July, why,
igh: hight, night, right,
ie: die, height,
uy: buy,
17 /ɔı/ oi oioy: coin, point, voice,: boy, enjoy, toy,
18 /ʊǝ/ ua A very unusual sound.Europe, furious, sure, plural,
AmE /oʊ/ âu oow*: no, cold, post, close, drove, home,: know, low, show, slow,
oa: boat, coat, goal,
toe, although, shoulder,
20 /aʊ/ ao owou: load, mouth, sound,: how, now, vowel,
/i/ A sound between
/i:/ and /ı/
Consonant + y at the end of words is pronounced /i/
happy, angry, thirsty, /u/ A sound between
/u:/ and /ʊ/
An unusual sound
education, usually, situation,
*: Especially before consonant + e.
Vowel Color:
L o n g vowels.
Short vowels.
Diphthongs.
2
Trang 3No Consona nt Sounds Like Usual spelling Spelling Patterns But also
1 /p/ p pcap, copy, stop,: pen, possible, promise, push,
pp: happy, opposite, appearance,
2 /b/ b bcab, job, probably, verb,: baby, belt, big, best,
bb: rabbit, robber, rubbish,
3 /t/ t t: tea, till, ten, top, two,water, bit, complete, eat, eight, light, suit,
tt: better, bottle, little,
-ed: dressed, stopped, walked, washed,
4 /d/ đ dfood, good, heard, ready,: day, deep, door,
dd: add, address, ladder, middle,
-ed: loved, tried,
5 /k/ c ck: car, cat, careful, clean, close, colour,fact,: keep, key, kitchen, desk, like, talk, walk,
ck: back, black, check, pocket, tick,
ch: school, stomach, chemist, architect,
6 /ɡ/ g gago, hungry, bag, leg,: garden, girl, glass, gold,
gg: bigger, egg, foggy,
7 /f/ ph ff: feel, first, after, leaf,: coffee, diffirent, off,
ph: phone, graph,
gh: cough, enough, laugh,
8 /v/ v vevery, have, lovely, over, river, travel,: very, visit,
9 /θ/ th thboth, mouth, morth, south,: thin, thank, theatre, thumb,
10 /ð/ d th: this, that, these, then, they,
father, mother, other, weather, breathe, with,
11 /s/ s sss: sit, sister, bus,: class, assassin,
c: city, circle, pencil, place, police, pronounce,
sc: science, scissors,
ci/ce: pace, circle,
12 /z/ z sz: easy, husband, rose,: zoo, zero, size,
zz: jazz,
ss: scissors,
sh: shop, fashion, cash, fresh, wash,
ti: patient, information, international,
(+ vowel)
c: ocean,
ch: machine,
ci: delicious, special,
s: suger, sure,
ss: Russia,
14 /ȝ/ d There are not many words with /ȝ/televion, Asia, usually, It’s usually spelled si or s
ch: chip, choose, March, which,
tch: catch, watch, kitchen,
t: future, picture, question,
(the most +”ure”)
16 /ʤ/ j jdge: jam, jacket, jeans, job, jet,: fridge,
ge: age, large,
g: general, generous, teenager,
17 /m/ m mmm: me, more, lemon, swim, film, some,: summer, grammar, mbmn: autumn,: comb, bomb, numb,
18 /n/ n nnn: new, now, sun, one, gone,: dinner, sunny, kn: knife, know,
19 /ŋ/ ng /ŋ/ is usually spelled ng
The letter n is pronounced /ŋ/ if there is a /k/ or /ɡ/ after
ng is some times /ŋ/ and sometimes /ŋɡ/ (ex: finger, single)
nk is always pronounced /ŋk/
/ŋ/: evening, long, sing, singer, thing,
3
Trang 4/ŋk/: bank, thank, think, uncle,
/ŋɡ/: angry, finger, hungry, longer, single,
20 /h/ h h: hat, here, help, hot, how, behind, wh: who, whole,
21 /l/ l lll: learn, language, lovely, alone, feel, help,: tall, well, yellow,
22 /r/ r r: red, ready, really, right, room,
rr: ferry, sorry,
wr: wrap, wrist, write,
23 /w/ w walways, swim,: week, way, warm, well, weather, windy, wh: what, white, where,
qu is often pronounced /kw/
question, quality, queen, quite,
24 /j/ y-d y: yes, yesterday, year, young, /juː/ is often spelled u or ew
student, university, new, beautiful, queue,
Consonant Color:
Voiced.
Unvoiced.
4