Iec ts 62668 2 2016

PROCESS MANAGEMENT FOR AVIONICS – Part 2: Managing electronic components f rom non-f ranchised sources This p rt of IEC 6 6 8, whic is a tec nical sp cif i ation, defi es req irements fo

IEC TS 62668- 2

Edit io 2.0 2 16-0

Process management for av ionics – Counter eit prev ent ion –

Part 2: Managing elect ronic components f om non- franchised sources

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Copyr ight © 2 16 IEC, Ge e a, Switzer la d

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Ce t re: c sc@ie c h

IEC TS 62668- 2

Edit io 2.0 2 16-0

Process management for avionics – Count er eit prev ent ion –

Part 2: Managing electronic component s f om non- franchised sources

CONTENTS

FOREWORD 4

INTRODUCTION 6

1 Sco e 7

2 Normative ref eren es 7

3 Terms, def i ition an a breviated terms 7

3.1 Terms an def i ition 7

3.2 Ab reviated terms 12 4 Tec nical req irements 13 4.1 General 13 4.2 Overview 13 4.3 Ris s as ociated with purc asin from non-fran hised distributors 14 4.3.1 General 14 4.3.2 Ris origin 14 4.3.3 Qual ty ris s 15 4.3.4 In u trial ris s 15 4.3.5 Rel a i ty ris s 16 4.3.6 Finan ial ris s 16 4.3.7 L gal ris 16 4.4 Re son to initial ze the derogation proces 16 4.4.1 General 16 4.4.2 Obsoles en e notice fai ure 16 4.4.3 Al ocation 17 4.4.4 In uf ficient en -of-l f e in entory 17 4.4.5 L te orders 17 4.4.6 Minimum order q antity 17 4.4.7 Tec nical req irements 17 4.5 Derogation proces 17 4.5.1 Notif i ation to the OEM 17 4.5.2 Analy is of alternative solution 19 4.5.3 List of a proved non-fran hised distributors 2

4.5.4 Non-fran hised distributor con ultation 2

4.5.5 Ris analy is 21

4.5.6 Non-fran hised distributor order authorization 2

4.5.7 Order proces in 2

4.5.8 In omin proces in 2

4.5.9 Record 2

4.5.10 Proces in d rin storage an man f acturin 2

4.5.1 F i ed electronic comp nents 2

An ex A (informative) Flowc art of IEC TS 6 6 8-1 req irements 2

An ex B (informative) Example of detai ed tests l st, l n ed with proc rement ris s levels 3

An ex C (informative) iNEMI as es ment methodolog an metric develo ment 3

An ex D (informative) Summary of SAE AS6171 pro osed test method u der con ideration by SAE International 39 Bibl ogra h 4

Fig re 1 – Su p ct comp nents p rimeter 13

Fig re 2 – Derogation proces when s p lyin from non-fran hised distribution 18

Fig re 3 – Potential avionic s p ly c ain s enarios 19

Fig re A.1 – Flowc art of IEC TS 6 6 8-1 req irements 2

Ta le 1 – Typical proc rement ris s enarios an g idan e for proc rement ris as es ment 21

Ta le 2 – Typical testin 2

Ta le B.1 – Example of detai ed reval dation testin of s sp ct stoc 3

Ta le D.1 – Summary of SAE AS6171 test method (u der con ideration ) 3

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

1 Th Intern tio al Ele trote h ic l Commis io (IEC) is a worldwid org niz tio for sta d rdiz tio c mprisin

al n tio al ele trote h ic l c mmite s (IEC Natio al Commite s) Th o je t of IEC is to promote

intern tio al c -o eratio o al q e tio s c n ernin sta d rdiz tio in th ele tric l a d ele tro ic f i ld To

this e d a d in a ditio to oth r a tivitie , IEC p bls e Intern tio al Sta d rd , Te h ic l Sp cif i atio s,

Te h ic l Re orts, Pu lcly Av ia le Sp cific tio s (PAS) a d Guid s (h re f ter refere to a “IEC

Pu lc tio (s)”) Th ir pre aratio is e tru te to te h ic l c mmite s; a y IEC Natio al Commite intere te

in th s bje t d alt with ma p rticip te in this pre aratory work Intern tio al g v rnme tal a d n

n-g v rnme tal org niz tio s laisin with th IEC als p rticip te in this pre aratio IEC c la orate clo ely

with th Intern tio al Org niz tio for Sta d rdiz tio (ISO) in a c rd n e with c n itio s d termin d b

a re me t b twe n th two org niz tio s

2) Th formal d cisio s or a re me ts of IEC o te h ic l maters e pre s, a n arly a p s ible, a intern tio al

c n e s s of o inio o th rele a t s bje ts sin e e c te h ic l c mmite h s re re e tatio f rom al

intere te IEC Natio al Commite s

3) IEC Pu lc tio s h v th form of re omme d tio s f or intern tio al u e a d are a c pte b IEC Natio al

Commite s in th t s n e Whie al re s n ble eforts are ma e to e s re th t th te h ic l c nte t of IEC

Pu lc tio s is a c rate, IEC c n ot b h ld re p n ible for th wa in whic th y are u e or f or a y

misinterpretatio b a y e d u er

4) In ord r to promote intern tio al u iformity, IEC Natio al Commite s u d rta e to a ply IEC Pu lc tio s

tra s are tly to th ma imum e te t p s ible in th ir n tio al a d re io al p blc tio s An div rg n e

b twe n a y IEC Pu lc tio a d th c r e p n in n tio al or re io al p blc tio s al b cle rly in ic te in

th later

5) IEC its lf d e n t pro id a y ate tatio of c nformity In e e d nt c rtif i atio b die pro id c nformity

a s s me t s rvic s a d, in s me are s, a c s to IEC mark of c nformity IEC is n t re p n ible for a y

s rvic s c rie o t b in e e d nt c rtif i atio b die

6) Al u ers s o ld e s re th t th y h v th late t e itio of this p blc tio

7) No la i ty s al ata h to IEC or its dire tors, emplo e s, s rv nts or a e ts in lu in in ivid al e p rts a d

memb rs of its te h ic l c mmite s a d IEC Natio al Commite s for a y p rs n l injury, pro erty d ma e or

oth r d ma e of a y n ture wh ts e er, wh th r dire t or in ire t, or f or c sts (in lu in le al fe s) a d

e p n e arisin o t of th p blc tio , u e of, or rela c u o , this IEC Pu lc tio or a y oth r IEC

Pu lc tio s

8) Ate tio is drawn to th Normativ refere c s cite in this p blc tio Us of th refere c d p blc tio s is

in is e s ble for th c re t a plc tio of this p blc tio

9) Ate tio is drawn to th p s ibi ty th t s me of th eleme ts of this IEC Pu lc tio ma b th s bje t of

p te t rig ts IEC s al n t b h ld re p n ible for id ntifyin a y or al s c p te t rig ts

The main tas of IEC tec nical commite s is to pre are International Stan ard In

ex e tional circ mstan es, a tec nical commit e may pro ose the publ cation of a tec nical

sp cif i ation when

• the req ired s p ort can ot b o tained for the publ cation of an International Stan ard,

despite re e ted ef f orts, or

• the s bject is sti u der tec nical develo ment or where, f or an other re son, there is the

f uture but no immediate p s ibi ty of an agre ment on an International Stan ard

Tec nical sp cif i ation are s bject to review within thre ye rs of publ cation to decide

whether they can b tran f ormed into International Stan ard

IEC TS 6 6 8-2, whic is a tec nical sp cif i ation, has b en pre ared by IEC tec nical

commit e 10 : Proces management f or avionic

This secon edition can els an re laces the first edition, publ s ed in 2 14 This edition

con titutes a tec nical revision

This edition in lu es the f ol owin sig if i ant tec nical c an es with resp ct to the previou

edition:

a) Updates to the ris as es ment proces

b) Updates to the test method in lu in ref eren e to the SAE AS6171 test method in

Ful information on the votin for the a proval of this tec nical sp cif i ation can b fou d in

the re ort on votin in icated in the ab ve ta le

This doc ment has b en draf ted in ac ordan e with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2

A l st of al the p rts in the IEC 6 6 8 series, publ s ed u der the general title P ro e s

ma a eme t for a io ic – Co ntereit pre e tion, can b fou d on the IEC we site

The commite has decided that the contents of this doc ment wi remain u c an ed u ti the

sta i ty date in icated on the IEC we site u der "ht p:/we store.iec.c " in the data related to

the sp cif i doc ment At this date, the doc ment wi b

• tran formed into an International stan ard,

• recon rmed,

• with rawn,

• re laced by a revised edition, or

A bi n ual version of this publ cation may b is ued at a later date

IMPORTANT – The 'colour in ide' logo on the cov r pa e of this publ c tion indic te

that it contains colours whic are consid re to be u ef ul f or the cor e t

understa ding of its conte ts Us rs s ould theref ore print this doc me t using a

colour printer

The avionic in u try has a resp n ibi ty to en ure that al f lig t eq ipment prod ced has a

predicted prod ct l fe whic cor elates to the predicted re air an service l f e to en ure the

publ c is not en an ered Typical y an original eq ipment man f acturer (OEM) calc lates a

me n time b twe n f aiure (MTBF) an p s ibly a me n time to fai ure (MT F) prediction

These calc lation as ume al comp nents are new, or con idered as “u u ed”, at the p int

of introd ction into f lig t u e an that no u ef ul comp nent l fe an /or an “u saf e”

comp nent con ition have b en u ed For example it is theref ore es ential that cou terf eit,

rec cled an frau ulent comp nents whic have had p tential y some of their ”u ef ul l fe”

con umed an whic may also b malfun tionin are not purc ased f or u e in a rosp ce,

def en e an hig p rforman e (ADHP) in u tries

PROCESS MANAGEMENT FOR AVIONICS –

Part 2: Managing electronic components

f rom non-f ranchised sources

This p rt of IEC 6 6 8, whic is a tec nical sp cif i ation, defi es req irements for avoidin

the u e of cou terfeit, rec cled an f rau ulent comp nents when these comp nents are not

purc ased fom the original component man facturer (OCM) or are purc ased f rom outside of

f ran hised distributor network f or u e in the a rosp ce, def en e an hig p rf orman e

(ADHP) in u tries This practice is u ed, as derogation, only when t here are no re sona le or

practical alternatives

NOT Ty ic ly this te h ic l s e if i atio is u e in c nju ctio with IEC T 6 2 9- a d IEC T 6 6 8- ,

e a ln A HP in u trie to ma a e a d a oid th u e of c u tereit, re y le a d fa d le t c mp n nts in th ir

s p ly c ain

Althou h develo ed for the ADHP in u try, this doc ment may b u ed by other hig

-p rforman e an hig - el a i ty in u tries, at their dis retion

The f olowin doc ments are ref er ed to in the text in s c a way that some or al of their

content con titutes req irements of this doc ment F r dated ref eren es, only the edition

cited a pl es For u dated referen es, the latest edition of the ref eren ed doc ment (in lu in

an amen ments) a pl es

IEC TS 6 2 9-1, P ro e s ma a eme t for a io ic – Man g me t plan – P art 1: P re aration

a d mainten n e of a electro ic c mp n nts ma a eme t pla

IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, P ro e s ma a eme t for a io ic – Co ntereit pre e tio – P art 1:

Av id in th u e of c u tereit, fa dule t a d re y led electro ic c mp n nts

3 Terms, def initions and a bre iated terms

3.1 Terms a d def initions

For the purp ses of this doc ment, the fol owin terms an def i ition a ply

ISO an IEC maintain terminological data ases for u e in stan ardization at the f olowin

• IEC Electro edia: avai a le at ht p:/ www.electro edia.org/

• ISO Onl ne browsin platf orm: avai a le at htp:/ www.iso.org/o p

3.1.1

af termark t sourc

resel er whic may or may not b u der contract with the original comp nent man facturer

(OCM) or is sometimes a comp nent “re-man f acturer”, u der contract with the OCM

Note 1 to e try: Th re eler a c mulate in e torie of e c p ulate or n n-e c p ulate c mp n nts (wafer

a d/or die) wh s e d of lfe d te h s b e p bls e b th OCM Th s c mp n nts areth n re old at a pro t to

fi a n e within th mark t for c mp n nts th t h v b c me o s lete

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.1]

3.1.2

brok r

in ivid al or corp rate organization that serves as an intermediary b twe n bu er an sel er

Note 1 to e try: In th ele tro ic c mp n nt s ctor a bro er s e ific ly s e s to s p ly o s lete or h rd to fin

c mp n nts in ord r to turn a profit To d s it ma a c mulate a in e tory of c mp n nts c n id re to b of

strate ic v lu or ma rely o in e torie a c mulate b a oth r Th bro er o erate within a worldwid

c mp n nt e c a g n twork

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.2]

3.1.3

COTS product

commercial of f -th -s elf product

one or more comp nents, as embled an develo ed f or multiple commercial con umers,

whose desig an /or con g ration is control ed by the man facturer’s sp cif i ation or in u try

stan ard

Note 1 to e try: COT pro u ts c n in lu e ele tro ic c mp n nts, s b s emble or a s mble , or to le el

a s mble Ele tro ic COT s b s emble or a s mble in lu e circ it c rd a s mble , p wer s p le , h rd

driv s, a d memory mo ule To -le el COT a s mble in lu e a f uly inte rate ra k of e uipme t s c a raid

ara s, fie s rv rs to in ivid al switc e , ro ters, p rs n l c mp ters, or simiar e uipme t

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.3]

3.1.4

counterf eit, verb

action of simulatin , re rod cin or modif yin a material, go d or its p c agin without

authorization

Note 1 to e try: It is th pra tic of pro u in pro u ts whic are imitatio s or are fa e g o s or s rvic s This

a tivity infin e th intele tu l pro erty rig ts of th origin l ma ufa turer a d is a i e al a t Co ntereitin

g n raly relate to wi ful tra emark infin eme t

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.4]

3.1.5

counterf eite compone t

material go d imitatin or co yin an authentic material, go d whic may b covered by the

protection of one or more registered or con dential intel ectual pro erty rig ts

Note 1 to e try: A c u terf eite c mp n nt is o e wh s id ntity or p digre h s b e altere or misre re e te

c stomer de ic spe if ic tion

device sp cif i ation writen by a u er an agre d by the s p l er

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.6]

3.1.7

c stomer

us r

original eq ipment man f acturer (OEM) whic purc ases electronic comp nents, in lu in

integrated circ its an /or semicon u tor devices compl ant with this tec nical sp cif i ation,

an u es them to desig , prod ce, an maintain s stems

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.7]

3.1.8

data s e t

doc ment pre ared by the man f acturer that des rib s the electrical, mec anical, an

en ironmental c aracteristic of the comp nent

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.8]

3.1.9

f ra c is d distributor or a e t

in ivid al or corp rate organisation that is legal y in e en ent f rom the fran hiser (in this

case the electronic comp nent man f acturer or OCM) an agre s u der contract to distribute

prod cts u in the fran hiser’s name an sales network

Note 1 to e try: Distrib tio a tivitie are c rie o t in a c rd n e with sta d rd s t a d c ntrole b th

fa c is r Shipme ts a ain t ord rs pla e c n b dis atc e eith r dire t fom th OCM or th f ra c is d

distrib tor or a e t In oth r word , th fa c is d distrib tor e ters into c ntra tu l a re me ts with o e or more

ele tro ic c mp n nt ma ufa turers to distrib te a d s l th s id c mp n nts Distrib tio a re me ts ma b

stip late a c rdin to th folowin criteria: g o ra hic l are , ty e of cle tele (a io ic for e ample), ma imum

ma ufa turin lot siz Comp n nts s urc d thro g this ro te are prote te b th OCM’s wara ty a d s p le

with ful tra e bi ty

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.9]

3.1.10

f ra dule t compone t

electronic comp nent prod ced or distributed either in violation of regional or local law or

reg lation, or with the intent to deceive the c stomer

Note 1 to e try: This in lu e b t is n t lmite to th f olowin whic are e ample of c mp n nts whic are

fa d le tly s ld a n w o e to a c stomer:

1 a stole c mp n nt;

2) a c mp n nt s ra p d b th origin l c mp n nt ma ufa turer (OCM) or b a y u er;

3) a re y le c mp n nt, th t b c me a fa d le t re y le c mp n nt wh n it is a dis s emble c mp n nt

re old a a n w c mp n nt (s e Fig re 1 , wh re ty ic ly th re is e id n e of prior u e a d rework (or

e ample s ld r, re-platin or le d re-ata hme t a tivity) o th c mp n nt p c a e termin tio s;

4) a c u terf eit c mp n nt, a c p , a imitatio , a ful or p rtial s b titute of bra d ;

5) fa d le t d sig s, mo els , p te ts, s ftware or c p rig t s ld a b in n w a d a th ntic For e ample: a

c mp n nt wh s pro u tio a d distrib tio aren t c ntrole b th origin lma uf acturer;

6) u lc n e c pie of a d sig ;

7) a dis uis d c mp n nt (emarkin of th origin l ma ufa turer’s n me, refere c d te/c d or oth r

id ntifiers etc.), whic ma b a c u tereit c mp n nt (s e Fig re1 ;

8) a c mp n nt with ut a intern l si c n die or with a s b titute si c n die whic is n t th origin l

ma ufa turer’s si c n die

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.10]

microcirc it

compone t

de ic

electrical or electronic device that is not s bject to disas embly without destru tion or

imp irment of desig u e an is a smal circ it havin a hig eq ivalent circ it element

den ity whic is con idered as a sin le p rt comp sed of intercon ected elements on or

within a sin le s bstrate to p rform an electronic circ it fun tion

Note 1 to e try: This e clu e printe wirin b ard / printe circ it b ard , circ it c rd a s mble a d mo ule

c mp s d e clu iv ly of dis rete ele tro ic c mp n nts)

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.1 ]

3.1.12

non-f ra c is d distributor

comp nies whic do not f al u der a f ran hised distributor or OCM

Note 1 to e try: Th s distrib tors ma p rc a e c mp n nts fom c mp n nt ma ufa turers, fa c is d

distrib tors, or thro g oth r s p ly c a n ls (o e mark ts) Th s distrib tors c n ot alwa s pro id th

g ara te s a d s p ort pro id d b th fa c is d distrib tor n twork; c mp n nts s urc d thro g this s urc

are u u ly prote te b th s urc ’s war a ty o ly Howe er, s me of th m are a le to p rc a e tra e ble

c mp n nts a d/or to pro id tra e bi ty p p rwork a d/or are a le to return sto k f or in e tig tio toth OCM

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.12]

3.1.13

origin l comp ne t ma ufa turer

comp n sp cif yin an man facturin the electronic comp nent

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.13]

3.1.14

OEM

origin l e uipme t ma uf acturer

man facturer whic def i es the electronic s b s embly that in lu es the electronic

comp nents or def i es the comp nents u ed in an as embly an /or test sp cif i ation

organization whic groups the q antities of electronic comp nents req ired by a series of

comp nies in order to con titute sig if i ant bu in p wer an there y o tain the b st p s ible

s p l er con ition f or purc asin (esp cial y as regard pricin an purc asin con ition )

as wel as f or as istan e with management, doc mentation, fi an in , etc

3.1.17

re el er

general s p l er whic of f ers a selection of electronic comp nents to order f rom a catalog e

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.16]

3.1.18

re y le compone t

electrical comp nent removed f rom its original prod ct or as embly an avai a le for reu e

Note 1 to e try: Th c mp n nt h s a th ntic lo o , tra emark a d markin s Howe er, it ty ic ly h s n

o tp t to me s re th u eful lfe remainin f or its re s A re y le c mp n nt c n fai e rler th n a n w o e

wh n re-a s mble into a oth r pro u t or a s mbly A re y le c mp n nt ma als b p y ic ly or E D

d ma e d rin th remo al pro e s

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.17]

3.1.19

s micon uctor

electronic comp nent in whic the c aracteristic distin uis in electronic con u tion takes

place within a semicon u tor

Note 1 to e try: This in lu e s mic n u tor dio e whic are s mic n u tor d vic s h vin two termin ls a d

e hibitin a n nln ar v lta e-c r e t c ara teristic a d tra sistors whic are a tiv s mic n u tor d vic s

c p bleof pro idin p wer amplf i atio a d h vin thre or more termin ls

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.18]

3.1.2

s bcontra tor

man facturer of electronic s b s embl es or s p l er man facturin items in compl an e with

c stomer desig data p c an drawin s, an u der the authority of the OEM

Note 1 to e try: This s p ler ma p te tialy pro ure al or p rt of th ele tro ic c mp n nts re uire to pro u e

a s b s embly a d is ofte refere to a th c ntra t ele tro ic ma ufa turer (CEM) or ele tro ic ma ufa turin

s rvic s (EMS)

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.19]

3.1.21

s ppl er

comp n whic provides to another an electronic comp nent whic is identif ied by the logo or

name marked on the device

Note 1 to e try: A s p ler c n b a OCM, a fa c is d distrib tor or a e t, a n n- a c is d distrib tor, bro er,

re eler, OEM, CEM, a d EMS etc

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.2 ]

3.1.2

electronic comp nent whic has lost s p ly c ain trace bi ty b c to the original

man facturer an whic may have b en misre resented by the s p l er or man facturer an

may me t the def i ition of f rau ulent or cou terfeit comp nent

Note 1 toe try: Su p ct c mp n nts ma in lu e b t aren t lmite to:

( ) c u tereit c mp n nts;

(2) re y le c mp n nts c min fom u c ntrole re y ln o eratio s c rie o tsid of th OEM, fa c is d

n twork a d OEM b sin s wh re ty ic ly it h s b e fa d le tly s ld to th OEM a b in in a n w

u u e c n itio

[SOURCE: IEC TS 6 6 8-1:2 16, 3.1.21]

3.1.2

tra e bi ty

a i ty to have for an electronic comp nent its f ul trace b c to the original comp nent

man facturer

Note 1 to e try: This tra e bi ty me n th t e ery s p ler in th s p ly c ain is pre are to le aly d clare in

writin th t th y k ow a d c n id ntify th ir s urc of s p ly, whic g e b c to th origin l ma uf acturer a d

c n c n rm th t th ele tro ic c mp n nts are bra d n w a d were h n le with a pro riate h n ln pre a tio s

in lu in E D a d MSL This a th ntic te th ele tro ic c mp n nts b in s p le are u u e , bra d n w

c mp n nts with n E D, MSL or oth r d ma e This e s re th t th ele tro ic c mp n nts are prote te b a y

ma ufa turer’s wara tie , h v al of th ir u eful lfe remainin a d fu ctio a c rdin to th ma ufa turer’s

p bls e d ta s e t, e hibitin th e p cte c mp n nt lfe in th a plc tio for th OEM’s rela i ty pre ictio s

3.2 Abbre iate terms

ACTF Semicon u tor In u tries As ociation Anti Cou terf eit Tas Force

ADHP a rosp ce, defen e an hig p rforman e

COTS commercial of f -the-s elf

CEM contract electronic man f acturer

CSAM C-mode s an in acou tic micros o y

DSCC Def en e Sup ly Centre Columbu (se ht p:/www.d c dla.mi / , now k own as

DLA

DLA Def en e L gistic Agen y

EMS electronic man facturin services

ERAI Electronic Resel er As ociation International (se htp:/ www.erai.com)

ESCO Electronic Sy tems Chalen es an Op ortu ities (se

ht p:/ www.es o.org.u /a out-v2/ )

ESD electrostatic dis harges

G-19 SAE Cou terfeit Electronic Parts Commit e

GIDEP Government-In u try Data Ex han e Program

GIFAS Group ment des In u tries Fran aises Aéronautiq es et Sp tiales (Fren h

Aerosp ce As ociation)

HTRB hig temp rature reverse bias

IDEA In e en ent Distributors of Electronic As ociation

OCM original comp nent man f acturer

OEM original eq ipment man f acturer

4 Tec nical requirements

IEC TS 6 6 8-1 minimises cou terf eitin , rec cl n an frau ulent activities by providin

g idel nes an req irements f or maintainin intel ectual pro erty an recommen s purc asin

trace ble comp nents f rom the OCMs or their f ran hised distributors (se An ex A)

IEC TS 6 6 8-1 referen es this p rt of the IEC 6 6 8 series when purc asin comp nents

outside of the fran hised distributor network in order to avoid an manage s sp ct

comp nents (se 3.1.2 f or the def i ition of “s sp ct comp nent an Fig re 1)

Fig re 1 – Suspe t comp ne ts perimeter

4.2 Ov rview

OEM comp nies have n merou sourcin c an els avai a le to proc re comp nents for their

eq ipment It is the original eq ipment man f acturer's (OEM) resp n ibi ty to en ure that its

electronic comp nent proc rement proces is ro u t

As a rule, the original eq ipment man facturer, or s bcontractor (whic in lu es purc asin

agents actin on its b half ), whic places orders f or these comp nents, orders directly f rom a

comp nent man facturer, the man f acturer re resentative or its fran hised distributor This is

the only s p ly s stem that can g arante comp nent complan e with sp cif i ation an

comp nent origin (se IEC T 6 6 8-1)

Un er ex e tional circ mstan es, an af ter havin ex au ted al o tion within the fran hised

s stem an af ter havin reviewed other p s ible alternatives, the OEM may decide to

purc ase comp nents throu h a non-fran hised distribution network Purc asin throu h non

-fran hised c an els is con idered a derogation proces f or whic the OEM is fuly

resp n ible

The OEM is resp n ible f or en urin that its prod cts do not in lu e cou terfeit comp nents

More ver, it g arante s that the rel a i ty of its eq ipment is not af f ected when this

eq ipment in lu es comp nents purc ased f rom non-fran hised sources

The OEM s al have anti-cou terf eit management plan in place, to comply with

IEC T 6 6 8-1

IEC

Subclau es 4.3 to 4.5.10 a ply to OEMs an their s bcontractors when purc asin

comp nents f rom sources of s p ly other than from the OCM or f rom f ran hised distributors

However, there are the folowin ex lu ion to this sp cif i ation:

1) In situation where purc asin agents are u der contract to the OEMs to order

comp nents on their b half , the purc asin agent is con idered to b ‘the OEM’ an is not

con idered to b a non-fran hised distributor

2) In situation where an a proved logistic s p ly agen y, f or example the DLA in the USA,

s p l es comp nents f or logistic purp ses to a national defen e c stomer an as ociated

OEMs, the a proved logistic s p ly agen y is not con idered to b a non-fran hised

distributor

4.3 Ris s a sociate with purc a in from non-f ra c is d distributors

There are the f olowin ris s to con ider (se 4.3.2 to 4.3.7)

Variou ris as es ment to ls exist whic the OEM may con ider when as es in ris s For

example:

1) ISO 310 0 des rib s ris management an ISO/IEC 31010 des rib s ris management

tec niq es together with ISO Guide 7 on ris management voca ulary

2) The iNEMI project on cou terf eit comp nents, i.e its as es ment methodolog an metric

develo ment provides thre f re internet b sed anti-cou terf eit calc lator to ls u in

spre d he ts (se An ex C)

3) SAE AS6171 in lu es a thorou h ris as es ment of the s p l er, the prod ct, an the

a pl cation with variou adju tment f actors (se An ex D); it then def i es the typ of

comp nent anti-cou terfeit mitigation testin ne ded u in the SAE AS6171 series of anti

-cou terfeit comp nent test method

This tec nical sp cif i ation ad ises the OEM on the relevant ris as es ment test method

that are avai a le f or u e It alows the OEM to determine whether al or only p rt of the SAE

AS6171 series is in oked when selectin test method

4.3.2 Ris origins

Cou terfeit an frau ulent prod cts have b en re e tedly identified by electronic eq ipment

man f acturers The purc ase, u e an resel n of frau ulent comp nents is i egal A major

dif f ic lty l es in recog izin these frau ulent comp nents, as electronic comp nents may b

cou terfeited in man way In re sed market deman en ourages this i icit activity an

cou terfeiters contin e to improve their man f acturin proces es, the dis uises they u e an

their falsifi ation method OEMs s al con eq ently take in re sin ly strict me s res to

mitigate ris The eq ipment man f acturer s al take al neces ary me s res, b th internal y

an with regard to its c osen s p l er, to en ure that comp nents ac uired are OCM (original

comp nent man facturer) prod ced, that they have not b en modif ied, remarked, or

previou ly in tal ed in a pl cation , nor u dergone testin , that mig t imp ct their

p rforman e or rela i ty

Frau an sp cif i al y cou terf eitin of electronic comp nents has most of ten b en detected

with comp nents s p l ed by brokers or non-fran hised distributors Therefore, the

information that f ol ows in this doc ment wi refer es ential y to this typ of s p l er whic

can ot general y s p ly trace bi ty b c to the OCM The electronic eq ipment man facturer

s ould rememb r, however, to u e caution when purc asin from an source outside of a

f ran hised network

4.3.3 Qual ty ris s

Qual ty ris s in lu e the f ol owin

4.3.3.2 Lots

There is a hig ris of receivin non-homogene u lots of comp nents, havin dif f erent

man f acturin date/codes an prod ced at variou man f acturin sites A large lot of

o solete comp nents with a sin le lot date code (LDC) s ould b con idered s sp ct by the

purc aser (ris s of ref urbis ed/rela eled comp nents f or example)

4.3.3.3 Pa k ging

The origin an storage con ition of the comp nents pro osed by non-fran hised distributors

are general y u k own This presents a ris that the comp nents pro osed by a non

-fran hised distributor were not stored u der man facturer recommen ed con ition This is

imp rtant f or comp nents that are sen itive to electrostatic dis harges (ESDs) or moisture

These comp nents may also have b en removed from their original p c agin an han led

without the pro er protective me s res

4.3.3.4 Dis s emble or re y le compon nts

There is a gre t ris that these comp nents were recovered f rom b ard or eq ipment at the

en of their l f e c cles or no lon er in u e As comp nent removal con ition are strictly

u k own, the integrity, p rf orman e an rela i ty of the comp nents can ot b g arante d

4.3.3.5 Fai e or s rap compon nts

There is also the ris that the pro osed comp nents come f rom OCM lots rejected by a

man facturer or c stomer af ter dis overy of a man facturin or sp cif i ation non-compl an e

is ue

NOT Ofte EMSs dis o e of s rplu sto k o to th o e mark t with ut id ntifyin if th s were s ra p rts or

g o p rts Dama e c mp n nts fom f ire , flo d , e rth u k s, etc als c n b s ld o to th o e mark t

Th s c n als b pro u ts reje te b th c stomer d e to s e if i re uireme ts n t b in met, s c a a

u s tisfa tory p rameter s rt

4.3.3.6 Tra e bi ty

Purc asin throu h non-fran hised distributors can ot of ten provide trace bi ty b c to the

OCM

NOT More v r la k of tra e bi ty c n le d to s p ly stole c mp n nts or c mp n nts is u d fom

u c ntrole mid ig t pro u tio Certific te of c nf orma c c n th ms lv s b c u tereite

4.3.4 Ind strial risk

Use of comp nents whose origin is u certain can res lt in in u trial ris s d rin eq ipment

man facturin an uti zation:

• d rin prod ction of b ard , p tential p or storage an han l n of comp nents s p l ed

by non- anc hised dist ribut ors may imp ct these comp nents Oxidation, p l ution, moisture,

warpin or imp rf ect f latnes of con ection may cau e visible or hid en faults d rin

b ard wirin ;

• late detection of defective or cou terfeit comp nents d rin b ard an /or eq ipment

f un tional testin may seriou ly imp ct management of prod ction an costs, d e to

p tential p rt s ra pin or re air;

• detection of defective or cou terfeit comp nents d rin eq ipment uti zation may req ire

retrof it in the eq ipment con erned, with pro a le seriou con eq en es f or the OCM

4.3.5 Rel abi ty ris s

Use of comp nents whose origin is u certain can directly an gravely imp ct the o erational

rel a i ty of the eq ipment con erned

4.3.6 Fin ncial ris s

4.3.6.1 Part costs

Purc asin comp nents f rom a non-fran hised s p l er can have imp cts on the purc asin

costs The u it price of the comp nent may b extremely hig , b cau e of market deman ,

the degre of o soles en e, an the tec nical sp cif i ation an q al ty levels req ired for

certain a plcation (def en e a pl cation , for example) Req ests sent out to n merou

brokers can cre te an in ated, artif i ial deman for a given in entory, whose price wi

s bseq ently rise

4.3.6.2 Reimburs me t

Man brokers, an more general y non-fran hised distributors, work ex lu ively with sales

agre ments that contain non-can el ation clau es In some cou tries on e comp nents have

b en identif ied as cou terf eit they have to b stored for the regional law enf orcement b dies

an can ot b returned b c into the s p ly c ain as in those cou tries it is i egal to sel

cou terfeit or frau ulent comp nents

4.3.7 Le al ris

An electronic eq ipment man f acturer may b held legal y l a le for eq ipment f ai ure havin

seriou con eq en es Sourcin comp nents from outside the fran hised network makes it

ne rly imp s ible to hold the OCM l a le f or prod ct f ai ure d rin uti zation Becau e this

typ of purc asin do s not provide OCM war ante s, only the OEM is held resp n ible

The OEM is con idered contractual y l a le f or the sale of eq ipment containin cou terf eit or

s sp ct p rts The ven or’s extra-contractual l a i ty (or tort l a i ty) may also b in oked if

the sale is con idered an act of negl gen e or careles nes

Damage cau ed by fai ure of comp nents integrated into eq ipment is covered by the

electronic eq ipment man facturer’s l a i ty in uran e If the damage res lts f rom f ai ure of a

cou terfeit or s sp ct comp nent, the electronic eq ipment man facturer may b held

criminal y resp n ible These asp cts s ould b con idered in the context of the a pl ca le

legislation in the cou tries in whic the variou s p ly c ain ven ors o erate

4.4 Re sons to initial ze the d rog tion proc s

If there are no other re sona le or practical alternatives, then the OEM or the s bcontractor

s al u e the fol owin derogation proces when they are con iderin proc rin u trace ble

comp nents f rom a non-f ran hised distributor This proces s al b u ed in ex e tional

circ mstan es an s al not b normal practice

4.4.2 Obsole c nc notic f ai ure

The last time bu (LTB) has expired No LTB date was publ s ed by the man facturer or the

o soles en e proces f ai ed to detect the LT

4.4.3 Al oc tion

A s ortage cau ed by hig market deman The s p ler can ot provide a f irm del very date

This situation was not detected or forese n d rin the prod ction plan in

4.4.4 Ins f f icie t e d-of -l f e in e tory

The en -of-l f e in entory ac umulated at the last time bu (LTB) order is not s f f icient f or the

c r ent program or to f il new orders

4.4.5 Late orders

L te-stage modif i ation (q antities, le d time, etc.) were made to prod ction plan in The

stan ard s p ly p riod f or a ne ded comp nent is not comp tible with the modif i ation

made

4.4.6 Minimum order qu ntity

The minimum order q antity gre tly ex e d req ired q antities

4.4.7 Te h ic l re uireme ts

Up n req est of the OEM desig authority when the desig or man f acturin data pac

req ires u e of a sp cif i version of a comp nent (date/code, mas , prod ction site, le d

fi is , etc.) that is no lon er avai a le throu h f ran hised distributors

4.5.1 Notif ic tion to the OEM

Un er the circ mstan es des rib d in 4.4, the s bcontractor s al notif y the OEM defi ed

authority of the u avaia i ty of a given comp nent with trace bi ty throu h the fran hised

distributor network; AS/EN/JISQ 912 certif ied non-f ran hised distributors whic can provide

trace bi ty b c to the OCM are exempt from these req irements

Fig re 2 des rib s the derogation proces when s p lyin without trace bi ty f rom non

-fran hised distribution

Fig re 3 des rib s p tential avionic s p ly c ain s enarios whic may exist

Figure 2 – Derog tion proc s wh n s pplyin f rom non-f ra c is d distribution

IEC

Figure 3 – Pote tial a ionic s pply c ain s e arios

4.5.2 Analy is of alternativ solutions

Alternative solution s al b examined by the OEM with the s bcontractor to take into

ac ou t the tec nical an f i an ial imp cts f or e c program con erned, as wel as the

re son b hin the sourcin dif f ic lty

The fol owin alternative solution s ould take preceden e, as they provide the b st

g arante s with regard to comp nent origin:

a) Def i ition maintained (no c an e in the bi of material):

– Prod ction c cle res hed led to coin ide with the comp nent s p ly le d time u in a

f ran hised network

– The in ivid al who defi ed the ne d authorizes u e of an eq ivalent comp nent as an

alternate solution by waiver

b) Def i ition modif ied (c an e in the bi of material):

– Se rc f or comp nents that comply with the original sp cif i ation throu h a

man facturer a proved by the OCM or by a third-p rty certif yin b d (DSCC, etc.)

– The desig authority whic def i ed the ne d re laces the comp nent or introd ces an

eq ivalent comp nent for the a pl cation into the nomen lature

4.5.3 List of approv d non-f ra c is d distributors

The OEM or its s bcontractor s al maintain a restricted l st of a proved non-f ran hised

distributors, managed directly throu h on-site au its

As minimum, the a proved non-fran hised distributor s al :

– b a memb r of a trade organization in olved in the detection/f i ht again t

f rau ulentcou terfeited comp nents, s c as ERAI IDEA, Brokerl n , etc or b

identif ied as Tru ted Sup ler (in compl an e with NDAA: H.R.15 0 – National Def en e

Authorization Act f or Fis al Ye r 2 12 / Sec 818 Detection an Avoidan e of Cou terf eit

Electronic Parts – b came Publc L w No: 1 2-0 1 i.e DFARS 2 2.2 6.7 0 an DFARS

case 2 14-D0 5);

– b in l ne with international data-s arin organization related to anti-cou terfeitin

activities, s c as IDEA, ESCO anti-cou terf eitin f orum, ACTF, GIDEP, etc

– have implemented internal rules an me n to de l with s sp ct frau ulent cou terf eited

comp nents, i.e have its own anti-cou terf eit management plan (in lu in tec nical an

doc ment management ca a i ties for resel er bu ines );

– maintain a mini-la oratory at its own disp sal, f or re l zin directly the f irst ste s of

in p ction (vis al in p ction at low mag if i ation, photos, acetone tests, etc.);

– have IDEA-ICE-3 0 (or eq ivalent certif ied o erators for in omin in p ction activities;

– own directly in its place an imp rtant pro rietary comp nents in entory;

– b a le to give a p rtinent ris analy is f or the pro osed comp nents, as ociated with the

destru tive/non-destru tive in p ction/est proced re to b proces ed by the non

-f ran hised distributor f or mitigatin the ris , b fore comp nent del very to the OEM

It is es ential that the non-fran hised distributor b a le to provide not only its own

certif i ates of conforman e f or the comp nents it manages, but also whenever p s ible the

certif i ate of conforman e of the entire s p ly c ain b c to the comp nent man facturer an

to k ow the s p ly c ain detai s of how the comp nents were han led an stored

Non-fran hised distributor a proval maintenan e criteria in lu e p riodic au its, n mb r of

cou terfeited lots identif ied by the non-fran hised distributor (s p ly c ain ef f icien y), etc

Whenever p s ible, non-fran hised distributors s ould also b AS/EN/JISQ 912 Third Party

Certif ied

4.5.4 Non- ra c is d distributor cons ltation

Inf ormation regardin the existen e an price of in entories of the comp nent eq ivalent to

the p rt def i ed may b o tained throu h a proved non-fran hised distributor con ultation

This con ultation s al also alow the OEM to colect data f or ris analy is of this solution

vers s other alternate solution This data in lu es:

– origin (original del very slp, photos of p c agin an la el n , etc.);

– p rt trace bi ty doc ments;

– comp nent p c age ( yp , con ition, le d , etc.);

– date codes, p rts q antity p r date/code an comp nent markin (with photogra hic

eviden e);

– co y of comp nent test certif i ates;

– p s ibi ty of p rformin a pre-del very conforman e test;

– co y of original certifi ate of conf orman e;

– p yment con ition

More ver, the a proved non-fran hised distributor s al provide its own ris analy is related

to the pro osed comp nent, together with the mutual y agre d detai ed in p ction/ est

proced re dedicated to the ris mitigation The doc mented in p ction/est proced re s al b

p rf ormed by the a proved non-fran hised distributor b f ore del very to the OEM (or its

s bcontractor), u les the OEM claims to do it by itself

4.5.5 Ris a aly is

The electronic eq ipment man facturer s al u e the data relative to p tential alternate

solution an the data o tained from the variou non-fran hised distributor con ultation

(in lu in the ris analy is pro osed by the a proved non-fran hised distributor) an from the

OCM to p rform ris analy is, as des rib d in 4.3 The OCM may co p rate an con rm if the

comp nent lot date codes an p rt markin s are gen ine or not

Ta le 1 provides some typical proc rement s enarios an s g ests g idan e f or proc rement

ris as es ment

Table 1 – Typic l proc reme t ris s e arios a d g ida c f or

1 – Sup ly from n n-ranchis d distributors (s e risks lsted in 4.3.3.2 to 4.3.3.6)

1 Comme ts AS/EN/JISQ 912 c rtific tio re uire distrib tors to state cle rly o al bid ,in oic s a d

ord rs if c mp n nts are b in s p le with ut tra e bi ty

1 L w ris Tra e ble c mp n nts p rc a e fomOEMa pro e a d a dite n n- a c is d

distrib tors whic areAS/EN/JISQ 912 c rtif i d

-1 Very hig ris Untra e ble c mp n nts p rc a e fom n n- a c is d distrib tors whic are

AS/EN/JISQ 912 c rtifie

2– Tra e bi ty paperwork wa lost (s e risk lsted in 4.3.3.6)

2 Comme ts Comp n nts wh reth OEM h s lo t intern l tra e bi ty p p rwork are g n in a d n t

c u tereit, re y le or fa d le t

In s me situ tio s th fa c is d distrib tor ma h v e id n e th t th c mp n nts were

origin ly tra e ble In th s situ tio s th OEM ma wis to re iew h w th s

c mp n nts h v b e store a d te t th m a c rdin ly

Comp n nts wh reth s p ler claims th y h v lo t th tra e bi ty b t h v n e id n e

are c n id re hig ris

-2 Me ium ris Comp n nts re eiv d with ful tra e bi ty into a OEM whic h s s b e u ntly lo t this

p p rwork intern l toits org niz tio a d wis e to a s mble th m into its pro u ts

2 Hig ris Comp n nts wh s p p rwork h s b e lo t e tern ly b twe n th fa c is d distrib tor

a d th OEM, wh re th s p ler h s s me e id n e topro e th t th c mp n nts

origin ly h d tra e bi ty

2 Very hig ris Comp n nts wh s p p rwork h s b e lo t b th distrib tor or bro er whic c n ot

pro e th t it e er e iste

3 – Ap arent reworked comp nent (s e risks lsted in 4.3.3.2 an 4.3.3.4)

3 Comme ts Tra e ble rework d (i e altere items) c mp n nts whic are re-id ntif i d b t whic are

c ntrole b th OEM thro g s e if i atio s a d p rt n mb rs cro s refere c d to th

b s p rt, are n t c u tereit, re y le or fa d le t c mp n nts

3 L w ris Tra e ble c mp n nts whic h v b e rework d b eith r OEM c ntrole e tern l

s p lers or intern ly at th OEM a d re-id ntif i d b c u e th y are ‘altere items’ for

e ample re-b le micro irc its, c mp n nts wh re th termin tio s h v b e tin/le d

s ld r dip e

-3 – Ap arent reworked comp nent (s e risks lsted in 4.3.3.2 an 4.3.3.4)

3 Very hig ris Extern ly rework d c mp n nts whic h v lo t tra e bi ty b c to th origin l

ma ufa turer of th p rt s le te for rework, wh reth s p ler h s s mee id n e to

pro e th t th c mp n nts h d tra e bi ty (this is ma d tory wh n th s p ler d e n't

h v th t e id n e Th u e of th t c mp n nt is strictly forbid e a d is in omp tible

with a io ic a plc tio s)

4 – Us of s rplu comp nents (s erisk lsted in 4.3.3.5)

4 Comme ts An OEM ofte pro id s tra e ble c mp n nts to a CEM a d th n re u sts th s rplu

sto k b c Oc a io aly this sto k is s ip e b c with ut a y tra e bi ty p p rwork or

informatio a d re uire a s s me t to d termin if it is u e ble or n t

4 L w ris Tra e ble s rplu c mp n nts return d with th ir p p rwork fom a OEM a dite a d

a pro e CEM for u e at th OEM

4 Me ium ris Surplu c mp n nts return dfom a OEM a dite a d a pro e CEM for u e at th

OEM, wh re th CEM c n pro e th t th p rts were origin ly ord re a d re eiv d with

tra e bi ty for e ample fom th OEM

-4 Very hig ris Untra e ble s rplu c mp n nts return d fom a CEM f or u e at th OEM

5 – Order by an in epen ent purcha in agenc (s e risks lsted in 4.3.3.2 to 4.3.3.6)

5 Comme ts Comp n nts p rc a e with ut tra e bi ty are alwa s hig ris c mp n nts Al

in e e d nt p rc a in a e cie or distrib tors n e to b a s s e a d a dite to

mitig te a ain t th ir s p lyin u tra e ble sto k

5 L w ris Tra e ble c mp n nts ord re b a OEM a pro e p rc a in a e c whic is u d r

c ntra t a d a tin o b h lf of th OEM

5 Me ium ris Tra e ble c mp n nts ord re b a in e e d nt p rc a in a e c or distrib tor n t

u d r c ntra t to th OEM

-5 Very hig ris Untra e ble c mp n nts ord re b a in e e d nt p rc a in a e c or distrib tor

6 – Sup ly from n n-ranchis d distributors (s e risks lsted in 4.3.3.2 to 4.3.3.6)

6 Comme ts Th OEM s al a pro e al s urc s of s p ly b fore th y are a d d to th OEM a pro e

s p ler lst On-ln bro ers n e to b a s s e u in pro ureme t tols

6 L w ris Tra e ble c mp n nts p rc a e fomth OEM a pro e OCM or th ir OEMa pro e

fa c is d distrib tors

6 Me ium ris

6 Hig ris Tra e ble c mp n nts p rc a e fomn n- a c is d distrib tors or bro ers whic are

n t AS/EN/JISQ 912 c rtifie

6 Very hig ris Untra e ble c mp n nts p rc a e fom in e e d nt distrib tors or o -ln bro ers

7– When theOCM ha ju t g ne ban rupt (s e risk lsted in 4.3.3.6)

7 Comme ts Tra e bi ty d c me tatio c n b c u tereite Fra c is d distrib tors s o ld b a le to

a sist with d finin th la t lot d te c d s th OCM ma ufa ture In e e d nt

distrib tors n e to b a s s e p rtic larly a ain t th ER I d ta a e, etc Th re is a

ris h re th t n e s to b in e tig te furth r, p rtic larly if th OCM’s q alty d ta is lo t

c mpletely

7 L w ris Tra e ble c mp n nts p rc a e fom a OEM a pro e fa c is d or a AS/EN/JISQ

912 c rtif i d n n- a c is d distrib tor wh n th OCM h s ju t g n b n ru t

-7 Very hig ris Comp n nts whic are b in ofere with tra e bi ty fom a in e e d nt distrib tor

wh re th OCM h s ju t g n b n ru t a d did n t is u a y inf ormatio d finin its f i al

d lv ra lelot d te c d s

8 – When the OCM ha be n purcha ed by an ther manufa turer (s e risk lsted in 4.3.3.6)

-8 L w ris Tra e ble c mp n nts p rc a e fom a OCM or a OEM a pro e fa c is d distrib tor

wh n th OCM h s ju t b e p rc a e b a oth r ma ufa turer a d th OCM h s is u d

informatio re ardin th lot d te c d s wh n th c mp n nts are mark d with th n w

lo o

8 Me ium ris Tra e ble c mp n nts p rc a e fom a OEM n n-a pro e n n- a c is d distrib tor

wh n th OCM h s ju t b e p rc a e b a oth r ma ufa turer with n furth r

informatio

-8 Very hig ris Comp n nts of fere fom in e e d nt distrib tors a d bro ers wh n th OCM h s b e

p rc a e b a oth r ma uf acturer withn furth r informatio

9 – Obsolete comp nents (s e risks lsted in 4.3.3.2 to 4.3.3.6)

The con lu ion of this ris analy is may le d the OEM to agre to purc ase comp nents

f rom a non-fran hised distributor

Certain ris in icators s al b con idered:

– A lot size to large f or a same date/code may in icate that the comp nents are

– In oheren e b twe n the printed date/code an the of ficial last prod ction date is a

blatant example of cou terfeit markin

– Inac urac or u certainty with regard to comp nent origin or history can b a sig of

f rau ulent bu ines activity

Mitigation tec niq es, b sed on gre ter s p l er au itin an comp nent in p ction , are

des rib d in 4.5.8.2, Ta le 2, an An ex B

4.5.6 Non- ra c is d distributor order a thorization

The in ivid al who def i ed the ne d s al draf t a writen authorization f or s p ly throu h the

selected non- an hised dist ribut or Ac ordin to the con lu ion of ris analy is con u ted by

the OEM (with the selected a proved non- an hised dist ribut or), this authorization s al in lu e

sp cif i req irements an /or detai the non- an hised dist ribut or s p ly in p ction an testin

proced re to b p rf ormed by the non- an hised dist ribut or (u les the OEM claims to do it by

itself) b f ore delvery, to g arante the compl an e of the comp nents del vered (reinf orced

in omin in p ction, q al f i ation tests, rel a i ty tests, destru tive ph sical analy is,

cou terf eit detection, etc.)