Iec 60086 5 2016

2 Ta le B.1 – Dimen ion of b tery terminals an recommen ed dimen ion of the p sitive contact of an a pl an e in Fig re B.6... f Ex au ted b t eries s ould b immediately removed from eq

Primary bat t eries –

Part 5: Safety of bat teries w it h aqueous elect roly te

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p blc at io o si v u a e d s q e t io s c nt act ez-n u :

Primary bat t eries –

Part 5: Safety of batt eries w it h aqueous elect roly te

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CONTENTS

FOREWORD 5

INTRODUCTION 7

1 Sco e 8

2 Normative ref eren es 8

3 Terms an def i ition 8

4 Req irements f or safety 10 4.1 Desig 10 4.1.1 General 10 4.1.2 Ventin 10 4.1.3 In ulation resistan e 1

4.2 Qual ty plan 1

5 Sampl n 1

5.1 General 1

5.2 Sampl n for typ a proval 1

6 Testin an req irements 12 6.1 General 12 6.1.1 Ap l ca le saf ety tests 12 6.1.2 Cautionary notice 13 6.1.3 Ambient temperature 13 6.2 Inten ed u e 13 6.2.1 Inten ed u e tests an req irements 13 6.2.2 Inten ed u e test proced res 13 6.3 Re sona ly f orese a le mis se 16 6.3.1 Re sona ly f orese a le mis se tests an req irements 16 6.3.2 Re sona ly f orese a le mis se test proced res 16 7 Inf ormation for safety 18 7.1 Precaution d rin han l n of b teries 18 7.2 Pac agin 2

7.3 Han l n of b tery carton 20 7.4 Display an storage 20 7.5 Tran p rtation 21

7.6 Disp sal 21

8 In tru tion f or u e 21

9 Markin 2

9.1 General (se Ta le 7) 22 9.2 Markin of smal b t eries (se Ta le 7) 2

9.3 Saf ety pictograms 22 An ex A (informative) Ad itional information on display an storage 2

An ex B (informative) Bat ery comp rtment desig g idel nes 2

B.1 Bac grou d 2

B.1.1 General 2

B.1.2 Bat ery fai ures res ltin f rom p or b t ery comp rtment desig 2

B.1.3 Potential hazard res ltin from b t ery reversal 2

B.1.4 Potential hazard res ltin from a s ort circ it 2

B.2 General g idan e f or a pl an e desig 2

B.2.1 Key b t ery f actors to b f irst con idered 2

B.2.2 Other imp rtant factors to con ider 2

B.3 Sp cif i me s res again t reversed in tal ation 2

B.3.1 General 2

B.3.2 Desig of the p sitive contact 2

B.3.3 Desig of the negative contact 2

B.3.4 Desig with resp ct to b t ery orientation 2

B.3.5 Dimen ional con ideration 2

B.4 Sp cif i me s res to prevent s ort-circ itin of b teries 2

B.4.1 Me s res to prevent s ort-circ itin d e to b t ery jac et damage 2

B.4.2 Me s res to prevent external s ort-circ it of a b tery cau ed when coi ed sprin contacts are employed f or b tery con ection 3

B.5 Sp cial con ideration regardin reces ed negative contacts 31 B.6 Waterpro f an non-vented devices 3

B.7 Other desig con ideration 3

An ex C (informative) Saf ety pictograms 3

C.1 General 3

C.2 Pictograms 3

C.3 Recommen ation for u e 3

Bibl ogra h 3

Fig re 1 – Sampl n f or typ a proval tests an n mb r of b teries req ired 1

Fig re 2 – Temp rature c cl n proced re 16 Fig re 3 – Circ it diagram f or in or ect in talation (f our b t eries in series) 17 Fig re 4 – Circ it diagram f or external s ort circ it 17 Fig re 5 – Circ it diagram f or overdis harge 18 Fig re 6 – XYZ axes for f re fal 18 Fig re 7 – In estion gau e 2

Fig re B.1 – Example of series con ection with one b tery reversed 2

Fig re B.2 – Positive contact reces ed b twe n ribs 2

Fig re B.3 – Positive contact reces ed within s r ou din in ulation 2

Fig re B.4 – Negative contact U-s a ed to en ure no p sitive (+) b tery contact 2

Fig re B.5 – Desig with resp ct to b t ery orientation 2

Fig re B.6 – Example of the desig of a p sitive contact of an a plan e 2

Fig re B.7 – Example of a s ort circ it, a switc is piercin the b t ery in ulatin jac et 2

Fig re B.8 – Typical example of in ulation to prevent s ort circ it 2

Fig re B.9 – In ertion again t sprin ( o b avoided) 3

Fig re B.10 – Examples s owin distorted sprin s 3

Fig re B.1 – One example of protected in ertion 3

Fig re B.12 – Example of negative contacts 3

Fig re B.13 – Example of series con ection of b teries with voltage ta pin 3

Ta le 1 – Test matrix 12

Ta le 2 – Inten ed u e tests an req irements 13

Ta le 3 – Shoc pulse 14

Ta le 4 – Test seq en e 14

Ta le 5 – Test seq en e 15

Ta le 6 – Re sona ly forese a le mis se tests an req irements 16

Ta le 7 – Markin req irements 2

Ta le B.1 – Dimen ion of b tery terminals an recommen ed dimen ion of the p sitive contact of an a pl an e in Fig re B.6 2

Ta le B.2 – Minimum wire diameters 31

Ta le B.3 – Dimen ion of the negative b tery terminal 3

Ta le C.1 – Saf ety pictograms 3

INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

Part 5: Saf ety of bat eries with aqueous electrolyte

1 Th Intern tio al Ele trote h ic l Commis io (IEC) is a worldwid org niz tio for sta d rdiz tio c mprisin

al n tio al ele trote h ic l c mmite s (IEC Natio al Commite s) Th o je t of IEC is to promote

intern tio al c -o eratio o al q e tio s c n ernin sta d rdiz tio in th ele tric l a d ele tro ic f i ld To

this e d a d in a ditio to oth r a tivitie , IEC p bls e Intern tio al Sta d rd , Te h ic l Sp cific tio s,

Te h ic l Re orts, Pu lcly Av ia le Sp cific tio s (PAS) a d Guid s (h re fter refere to a “IEC

Pu lc tio (s)”) Th ir pre aratio is e tru te to te h ic l c mmite s; a y IEC Natio al Commite intere te

in th s bje t d alt with ma p rticip te in this pre aratory work Intern tio al g v rnme tal a d n

n-g v rnme tal org niz tio s laisin with th IEC als p rticip te in this pre aratio IEC c la orate clo ely

with th Intern tio al Org niz tio for Sta d rdiz tio (ISO) in a c rd n e with c n itio s d termin d b

a re me t b twe n th two org niz tio s

2) Th formal d cisio s or a re me ts of IEC o te h ic l maters e pre s, a n arly a p s ible, a intern tio al

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intere te IEC Natio al Commite s

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misinterpretatio b a y e d u er

4) In ord r to promote intern tio al u iformity, IEC Natio al Commite s u d rta e to a ply IEC Pu lc tio s

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th later

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memb rs of its te h ic l c mmite s a d IEC Natio al Commite s for a y p rs n l injury, pro erty d ma e or

oth r d ma e of a y n ture wh ts e er, wh th r dire t or in ire t, or f or c sts (in lu in le al fe s) a d

e p n e arisin o t of th p blc tio , u e of, or rela c u o , this IEC Pu lc tio or a y oth r IEC

Pu lc tio s

8) Ate tio is drawn to th Normativ refere c s cite in this p blc tio Us of th refere c d p blc tio s is

in is e s ble f or th c re t a plc tio of this p blc tio

9) Ate tio is drawn to th p s ibi ty th t s me of th eleme ts of this IEC Pu lc tio ma b th s bje t of

p te t rig ts IEC s al n t b h ld re p n ible f or id ntifyin a y or al s c p te t rig ts

International Stan ard IEC 6 0 6-5 has b en pre ared by IEC Tec nical Commit e 3 :

Primary cel s an b t eries

This fourth edition can els an re laces the third edition publ s ed in 2 1 This edition

con titutes a tec nical revision

This edition in lu es the f ol owin sig if i ant tec nical c an es with resp ct to the previou

edition:

a) The def i ition of explosion was c an ed to s ita le senten e in order to harmonize in

IEC 6 0 6 series;

b) To prevent removal of h drogen gas, we revised it to the s ita le senten e,

c) To prevent mis se, the b tery comp rtments with p ral el con ection were revised to the

s ita le senten e

d) To clarif y the method to determine the in ulation resistan e

The text of this stan ard is b sed on the fol owin doc ments:

Ful inf ormation on the votin f or the a proval of this stan ard can b f ou d in the re ort on

votin in icated in the a ove ta le

This publcation has b en draf ted in ac ordan e with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2

A l st of al p rts in the IEC 6 0 6 series, publ s ed u der the general title P rimary b tterie ,

can b f ou d on the IEC we site

The commit e has decided that the contents of this publ cation wi remain u c an ed u ti

the sta i ty date in icated on the IEC we site u der "htp:/we store.iec.c " in the data

related to the sp cif i publ cation At this date, the publ cation wi b

• recon rmed,

• with rawn,

• re laced by a revised edition, or

The con e t of safety is closely related to safeg ardin the integrity of p o le an pro erty

This p rt of IEC 6 0 6 sp cif ies tests an req irements f or primary b teries with aq e u

electrolyte an has b en pre ared in ac ordan e with ISO/IEC g idelnes, takin into ac ou t

al relevant national an international stan ard whic a ply Also in lu ed in this stan ard is

g idan e for a pl an e desig ers with resp ct to b tery comp rtments an information

regardin p c agin , han l n , warehou in an tran p rtation

Saf ety is a b lan e b twe n fre dom f rom ris s of harm an other deman s to b met by the

prod ct There can b no a solute saf ety Even at the hig est level of saf ety, the prod ct can

only b relatively saf e In this resp ct, decision-makin is b sed on ris evaluation an safety

ju gement

As safety wi p se dif f erent pro lems, it is imp s ible to provide a set of precise provision

an recommen ation that wi a ply in every case However, this stan ard, when f ol owed on

a ju iciou "u e when a plca le" b sis, wi provide re sona ly con istent stan ard f or

saf ety

PRIMARY BATTERIES –

Part 5: Saf ety of bat eries with aqueous electrolyte

This p rt of IEC 6 0 6 sp cif ies tests an req irements f or primary b teries with aq e u

electrolyte to en ure their safe o eration u der inten ed u e an re sonably f orese a le

mis se

The f olowin doc ments, in whole or in p rt, are normatively ref eren ed in this doc ment an

are in isp n a le f or its a pl cation For dated ref eren es, only the edition cited a pl es For

u dated ref eren es, the latest edition of the referen ed doc ment (in lu in an

amen ments) a pl es

IEC 6 0 6-1, P rimary b tterie – P art 1: Ge eral

IEC 6 0 6-2, P rimary b tterie – P art 2: P hy ic l a d ele tric l s e ific tio s

IEC 6 0 8-2-6, Enviro me tal testin – P art 2-6: Te ts – Te t Fc: Vibration (sin s id al)

IEC 6 0 8-2-2 , En iro me tal testin – P art 2-27 : Te ts – Te t Ea a d g ida c : Sh c

IEC 6 0 8-2-31, En iro me tal te tin – P art 2-31: Te ts – Te t Ec: Ro g ha d lin s o k ,

primaril for e uipme t-ty e s e ime s

3 Terms and def initions

For the purp ses of this doc ment, the fol owin terms an def i ition a ply

NOT Certain d finitio s ta e fom IEC 6 0 0-4 2, IEC 6 0 6- , a d IEC Guid 51 are re e te b low for

c n e ie c

3.1

bat ery

one or more cel s electricaly con ected by p rmanent me n , fit ed in a case, with terminals,

markin s an protective devices etc as neces ary for u e

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-4 2:2 0 , 4 2-01-0 , modif ied def i ition]

3.2

but on (c l or bat ery)

smal rou d cel or b t ery where the overal heig t is les than the diameter

Note 1 to e try: In En ls , th term "b to (c l or b tery) is o ly u e for n n-lthium b terie whie th term

"c in (c l or b tery) is u e for lthium b terie o ly In la g a e oth r th n En ls , th terms "c in" a d

"b to " are ofte u e interc a g a ly, re ardle s of th ele tro h mic l s stem

3.3

c l

b sic f un tional u it, con istin of an as embly of electrodes, electrolyte, container, terminals

an u ual y se arators that is a source of electric energ o tained by direct con ersion of

c emical energ

c l n ric l (c l or bat ery)

rou d cel or b t ery with a c l n rical s a e in whic the overal heig t is eq al to or gre ter

than the diameter

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-4 2:2 0 , 4 2-0 -3 , modif ied ("cel with a c l n rical s a e" re laced

by " ou d cel or b tery")]

3.6

e plosion (bat ery e plosion)

the cel or b tery o en an sol d comp nents are f orcibly exp l ed

u e in ac ordan e with inf ormation provided with a prod ct or s stem, or, in the a sen e of

s c information, by generaly u dersto d p t ern of u age

s ita le a proximate value of the voltage u ed to desig ate or identif y a cel , a b tery or an

electroc emical s stem

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-4 2:2 0 , 4 2-0 -31, modif ied (ad ition of "(of a primary b tery)" an

n)]

3.1

primary (c l or bat ery)

cel or b t ery that is not desig ed to b electrical y rec arged

3.12

prismatic (c l or bat ery)

cel or b t ery havin the s a e of a p ral ele ip d whose faces are rectan ular

[SOURCE: IEC 6 0 0-4 2:2 0 , 4 2-0 -3 , modif ied (deletion of "q al f ies a")]

3.13

prote tiv d vic s

devices s c as fuses, diodes or other electric or electronic c r ent l miter desig ed to

inter upt the c r ent f low in an electrical circ it

3.14

re sonably fore e able mis s

u e of a prod ct or s stem in a way not inten ed by the s p ler, but whic can res lt from

re di y predicta le h man b haviour

[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 51:19 9, 3.14, modif ied ("proces or service" re laced by "or

s stem" an "may" re laced by "can" an deletion of the Note)]

3.15

round (c l or bat ery)

cel or b t ery with circ lar cros section

rele se of ex es ive internal pres ure from a cel or b tery in a man er inten ed by desig to

preclu e explosion

Al b teries s al in orp rate a pres ure rel ef f eature or s al b so con tru ted that they wi

rel eve ex es ive internal pres ure at a value an rate whic wi preclu e explosion If

en a s lation is neces ary to s p ort cels within an outer case, the typ of en a s lant an

the method of en a s lation s al not cau e the b tery to overhe t d rin normal o eration

nor in ibit the o eration of the pres ure rel ef feature

The b tery case material an /or its f i al as embly s al b so desig ed that, in the event of

one or more cels ventin , the b tery case do s not present a hazard in its own rig t

4.1.3 Ins lation re ista c

The in ulation resistan e b twe n external y exp sed metal s rfaces of the b t ery ex lu in

electrical contact s rf aces an either terminal s al b not les than 5 MΩ at 5 0

V

10

V0–V+

a pl ed for a minimum of 6 secon s

4.2 Qual ty pla

The man f acturer s al pre are an implement a q al ty plan def i in the proced res for the

in p ction of materials, comp nents, cel s an b teries d rin the course of man f acture, to

b a pl ed to the total proces of prod cin a sp cif i typ of b tery Man facturers s ould

u derstan their proces ca a i ties an s ould in titute the neces ary proces controls as

they relate to prod ct saf ety

The n mb r of samples drawn f or typ a proval is given in Fig re 1

NOT 1 Fo r b terie c n e te in s rie with o e of th fo r b terie re ers d (5 s ts)

6 Testing and requirements

6.1.1 Appl c ble s f ety te ts

Ap l ca le saf ety tests are s own in Ta le 1

The tests des rib d in Ta les 2 an 6 are inten ed to simulate con ition whic the b t ery is

l kely to en ou ter d rin inten ed u e an re sona ly forese a le mis se

Sy tems L a d S b to c ls or b terie u d r 2 0 mAh c p city a d s stem P b to c ls or b terie u d r

7 0 mAh c p city are e empt f rom a y te tin

6.1.2 Ca tionary notic

WARNING

The e te ts c l for the u e of proc dure whic c n re ult in injury if a e uate

pre a tion are not ta e

It ha be n a s me in the draf ting of the e te ts that their e e ution is u derta e

by appropriately q al f ie a d e perie c d te hnicia s u ing a e u te prote tion

6.1.3 Ambie t temperature

Unles otherwise sp cified, these tests s al b car ied out at an ambient temp rature of

2 °C ± 5 °C

6.2 Inte de us

6.2.1 Inte de us te ts a d re uireme ts

Table 2 – Inte de us te ts a d re uireme ts

This test simulates the situation when an a pl an e is switc ed of f an the in tal ed

b teries are p rtly dis harged These b teries may b lef t in the a pl an e for a lon

time or they are removed f rom the a pl an e an stored for a lon time

b) Test proced re

An u dis harged b tery is dis harged u der an ap l cation/service output test con ition,

with the lowest resistive lo d test as def i ed in IEC 6 0 6-2 u ti the service l f e f als by

5 % of the minimum average d ration (MAD) value, fol owed by storage at 4 °C ± 5 °C

This test simulates the situation when an a pl an e is careles ly dro p d with b teries

in tal ed in it This test con ition is general y sp cified in IEC 6 0 8-2-2

b) Test proced re

The s oc test s al b car ied out u der the con ition def i ed in Ta le 3 an the

seq en e in Ta le 4

Shoc pulse – The s oc pulse a pl ed to the b tery s al b as f ol ows:

Table 3 – Shoc puls

Minimum a era e a c leratio

Ste 1 Record o en circ it voltage in ac ordan e with 5.2

Ste s 2 to 4 Ap ly s oc test sp cif ied in Ta le 3 an the seq en e in Ta le 4

Ste 5 Rest b tery f or 1 h

c) Req irements

There s al b no le kage, no f ire an no explosion d rin this test

6.2.2.3 Te t B-2 – Tra sportation-vibration

a) Purp se

This test simulates vibration d rin tran p rtation This test con ition is generaly

sp cif ied in IEC 6 0 8-2-6

b) Test proced re

An u dis harged b tery s al be tested as fol ows

The vibration test s al b car ied out u der the f ol owin test con ition an the seq en e

in Ta le 5

Vibration – A simple harmonic motion s al b a pl ed to the b tery havin an ampl tu e

of 0,8 mm, with a total maximum ex ursion of 1,6 mm The freq en y s al b varied at

the rate of 1 Hz/min b twe n the l mits of 10 Hz an 5 Hz The entire ran e of

f req en ies (10 Hz to 5 Hz) an return (5 Hz to 10 Hz) s al b traversed in (9 ± 5) min

f or e c mou tin p sition (direction of vibration)

Th vibratio s al b a ple in e c of thre mutu ly p rp n ic lar dire tio s.

Ste 1 Record o en circ it voltage in ac ordan e with 5.2

Ste s 2 to 4 Ap ly the vibration sp cif ied in 6.2.2.3 in the seq en e in Ta le 5

Ste 5 Rest b tery f or 1 h

An u dis harged b tery s al be tested u der the f olowin proced re

Temp rature c cl n proced re (se 1) to 7) b low an /or Fig re 2)

1) Place the b teries in a test c amb r an raise the temp rature of the c amb r to

7 °C ± 5 °C within t = 3 min

2) Maintain the c amb r at this temp rature f or t

2

= 4 h

3) Red ce the temp rature of the c amb r to 2 °C ± 5 °C within t = 3 min an

maintain at this t emp rat ure for t

3

= 2 h

4) Red ce the temp rature of the c amb r to – 0 °C ± 5 °C within t = 3 min an

maintain at this temp rature for t

There s al b no f ire an no explosion d rin this test

6.3 Re sonably f ore e able mis s

6.3.1 Re sonably f ore e able mis s te ts a d re uireme ts

Table 6 – Re son bly fore e able mis s te ts a d re uireme ts

6.3.2 Rea onably fore e able mis s te t proc dure

6.3.2.1 Te t D – In or e t instal ation (f our bat erie in s rie )

a) Purp se

This test simulates the con ition when one b t ery in a set is reversed

b) Test proced re

Four u dis harged b teries of the same bran , typ an origin s al b con ected in

series with one reversed (B1) as s own in Fig re 3 The circ it s al b completed for 2 h

or u ti the b tery case temp rature has returned to ambient

The resistan e of the inter con ectin circ itry s al not ex e d 0,1 Ω

Figure 3 – Circ it dia ram f or incor e t in tal ation (f our bat erie in s rie )

NOT 1 Th circ it in Fig re 3 simulate a ty ic l mis s c n itio

NOT 2 Primary b terie are n t d sig e to b c arg d Howe er, re ers d in talatio of a b tery in a

s rie of thre or more e p s s th re ers d b tery to a c argin c n itio Alth u h c ln ric l b terie are

d sig e to rele e e c s iv intern l pre s re, in s me in ta c s a e plo io ma n t b pre lu e

An u dis harged b t ery s al b con ected as s own in Fig re 4 The circ it s al b

completed for 2 h or u ti the b tery case temp rature has returned to ambient The

resistan e of the inter con ectin circ itry s al not ex e d 0,1 Ω

Figure 4 – Circ it dia ram f or e ternal s ort circ it

c) Req irements

There s al b no f ire an no explosion d rin this test

6.3.2.3 Te t F – Ov rdis harge

a) Purp se

This test simulates the con ition when one (1) dis harged b t ery is series-con ected with

thre (3) other u dis harged b t eries

b) Test proced re

One u dis harged b t ery (C1) is dis harged u der the a pl cation or service output test

con ition, with the hig est MAD value (expres ed in time u its), as def i ed in IEC 6 0 6-2

u ti the on-lo d voltage f al s to (n × 0,6 V) where n is the n mb r of cel s in the b tery

Then, thre u dis harged b t eries an one dis harged b tery (C1) of the same bran ,

typ an origin s al b con ected in series as s own in Fig re 5 The dis harge s al b

contin ed u ti the total on-lo d voltage f al s to four times (n × 0,6 V)

The value of the resistor (R1) s al b a proximately four times the lowest value from the

resistive lo d tests sp cif ied f or that b tery in IEC 6 0 6-2 The f i al value of the resistor

(R1) s al b the ne rest value to that pres rib d in 6.4 of IEC 6 0 6-1:2 15

Un is harged test b t eries s al b dro p d f rom a heig t of 1 m onto a con rete s rf ace.

Eac test b tery s al b dro p d six times, a prismatic b tery on e on e c of its six

f aces, a rou d b tery twice in e c of the thre axes s own in Fig re 6 The test b t eries

s al b stored for 1 h afterward

Figure 6 – XYZ a e f or f re f al

c) Req irements

There s al b no f ire an no explosion d rin this test

7 Inf ormation f or saf ety

7.1 Pre a tions during ha dl ng of bat erie

When u ed cor ectly, primary b teries with aq e u electrolyte provide a saf e an

de en a le source of p wer However, b t ery mis se or a u e may res lt in le kage, or in

extreme cases, f ire an /or explosion

a) Alway in ert b t eries cor ectly with regard to the p larities (+ an –) marked on the

b t ery an the eq ipment

Bat eries whic are in or ectly placed into eq ipment may b s ort-circ ited, or c arged

This can res lt in a ra id temp rature rise cau in ventin , le kage, explosion an

p rsonal injury

b) Do not s ort-circ it b teries

When the p sitive (+) an negative (–) terminals of a b t ery are in electrical contact with

e c other, the b t ery b comes s ort-circ ited For example lo se b teries in a p c et

an /or han b g with key or coin can b s ort-circ ited This may res lt in ventin ,

le kage, explosion an p rsonal injury

c) Do not c arge b teries

At emptin to c arge a non- ec arge ble (primary) b tery may cau e internal gas an /or

he t generation res ltin in ventin , le kage, explosion an p rsonal injury

d) Do not force dis harge b t eries

When b teries are force dis harged with an external p wer source, the voltage of the

b tery wi b forced b low its desig ca a i ty an gases wi b generated in ide the

b tery This may res lt in ventin , le kage, explosion an p rsonal injury

e) Do not mix old an new b teries or b teries of dif ferent typ s or bran s

When re lacin b t eries, re lace al of them at the same time with new b t eries of the

When b t eries of dif f erent bran or typ are u ed together, or new an old b t eries are

u ed together, some b t eries may b over dis harged d e to a dif feren e of voltage or

ca acity This can res lt in ventin , le kage an explosion an may cau e p rsonal injury

f ) Ex au ted b t eries s ould b immediately removed from eq ipment an pro erly

disp sed of

When dis harged b teries are ke t in the eq ipment for a lon time, electrolyte le kage

may oc ur cau in damage to the a pl an e an /or p rsonal injury

g) Do not he t b teries

When a b tery is exp sed to he t, ventin , le kage an explosion may oc ur an cau e

p rsonal injury

h) Do not weld or solder directly to b teries

The he t f rom weldin or solderin directly to a b t ery may cau e internal s ort-circ itin

res ltin in ventin , le kage an explosion an may cau e p rsonal injury

i) Do not dismantle b t eries

When a b t ery is dismantled or taken a art, contact with the comp nents can b harmf ul

an may cau e p rsonal injury or p s ibly f ire

j) Do not deform b teries

Bat eries s ould not b cru hed, pu ctured, or otherwise muti ated Su h a u e may

res lt in ventin , le kage an explosion an cau e p rsonal injury

k) Do not disp se of b teries in f ire

When b teries are disp sed of in f ire, the he t buid-up may cau e explosion an

p rsonal injury Do not in inerate b t eries ex e t for a proved disp sal in a controled

in inerator

l) Ke p b t eries out of the re c of c i dren

Esp cial y ke p b teries whic are con idered swal owa le out of the re c of c i dren,

p rtic larly those b t eries fitin within the l mits of the in estion gau e as def i ed in

Fig re 7 In case of in estion of a cel or a b tery, the p rson in olved s ould se k

medical as istan e promptly

Figure 7 – Ing stion ga ge

m) Do not al ow c i dren to re lace b t eries without ad lt s p rvision

n) Do not en a s late an /or modif y b t eries

En a s lation, or an other modifi ation to a b t ery, may res lt in bloc age of the

pres ure rel ef vent mec anism(s) an /or prevent removal of h drogen gas generated in

the b t eries (se also B.6) This may le d to explosion an p rsonal injury Ad ice f rom

the b tery manufacturer s ould b sou ht if it is con idered neces ary to make an

modif i ation

o) Store u u ed b t eries in their original p c agin away from metal o jects If alre d

u p c ed, do not mix or jumble b t eries

Unp c ed b t eries could get jumbled or get mixed with metal o jects This can cau e

b tery s ort-circ itin whic may res lt in ventin , le kage an explosion an p rsonal

injury; one of the b st way to avoid this ha p nin is to store u u ed b teries in their

original p c agin

p) Remove b teries from eq ipment if it is not to b u ed for an exten ed p riod of time

u les it is for emergen y purp ses

It is ad antage u to remove b teries immediately from eq ipment whic has ce sed to

f un tion satisf actori y, or when a lon p riod of dis se is anticip ted (e.g p rta le lg tin ,

toy , etc.) Althou h most b teries on the market today are provided with protective

jac ets or other me n to contain le kage, a b t ery that has b en p rtial y or completely

ex au ted may b more prone to le k than one that is u u ed

7.2 Pa k ging

The p c agin s al b adeq ate to avoid mec anical damage d rin tran p rt, han ln an

stac in The materials an p c agin desig s al b c osen so as to prevent the

develo ment of u intentional electrical contact, s ort-circ it, s if tin an cor osion of the

terminals, an af f ord some protection from the en ironment

7.3 Ha dl n of bat ery c rton

Batery carton s ould b han led with care Rou h han ln mig t res lt in b t ery damage

This can cau e le kage, explosion, or f ire

7.4 Displa a d stora e

a) Bateries s al b stored in wel -venti ated, dry an co l con ition

Hig temp rature or hig h midity may cau e deterioration of the b t ery p rforman e or

b) Batery carton s ould not b pi ed up in several layers (or s ould not ex e d a sp cified

heig t

If to man b tery carton are pi ed up, b teries in the lowest carton may b def ormed

an electrolyte le kage may oc ur

c) When b t eries are stored in warehou es or displayed in retai stores, they s ould not b

exp sed to direct s n ray for a lon time or placed in are s where they get wet by rain

When b t eries get wet, their in ulation resistan e decre ses, self -dis harge may oc ur

an ru t may b generated

d) Do not mix u p c ed b teries so as to avoid mec anical damage an /or s ort-circ it

When mixed together, b teries may b s bjected to ph sical damage or overhe tin

res ltin from external s ort circ it L akage an /or explosion may then oc ur To avoid

these p s ible hazard , b teries s ould b ke t in their p c agin u ti req ired f or u e

e) Se An ex A f or ad itional detai s

7.5 Tra sportation

When lo ded for tran p rtation, b tery p c ages s ould b so ar an ed to minimise the ris

of f al n e.g one f rom the to of another They s ould not b stac ed so hig that damage to

the lower p c ages oc urs Protection f rom in lement we ther s ould b provided

7.6 Dispos l

a) Do not dismantle b t eries

b) Do not disp se of b teries in f ire ex e t u der con ition of control ed in ineration

c) Primary b teries may b disp sed of via the commu al ref use ar an ements, provided

that no local rules to the contrary exist

d) Where there is provision for the col ection of u ed b t eries, the f olowin s ould b

con idered:

• Store col ected b t eries in a non-con u tive container

• Store col ected b teries in a wel -venti ated are Sin e some u ed b t eries may sti

contain a resid al c arge, they could b s ort circ ited, c arged or f orce dis harged

an there y evolve h drogen gas If col ection containers an storage are s are not

pro erly venti ated, h drogen gas can bui d up an explode in the presen e of an

ig ition source

• Do not mix col ected b teries with other materials Sin e some u ed b teries may sti

contain a resid al c arge, they could b s ort circ ited, c arged or force dis harged

The s bseq ent p s ible he t generation can ig ite f lamma le wastes s c as oiy

rag , p p r or wo d an can cau e a f ire

• Con ider protectin u ed b t ery terminals, p rtic larly those b teries with hig

voltage, to preclu e s ort circ its, c argin an f orce dis hargin , for in tan e, by

me n of coverin b tery terminals with in ulatin ta e

• Fai ure to o serve these recommen ation may res lt in le kage, f ire, an /or explosion

8 Instructions f or use

a) Alway select the cor ect size an grade of b t ery most s ita le for the inten ed u e

Inf ormation provided with the eq ipment to as ist cor ect b tery selection s ould b

retained for ref eren e

b) Re lace al b teries of a set at the same time

c) Cle n the b tery contacts an also those of the eq ipment prior to b tery in talation

d) En ure that the b teries are in tal ed cor ectly with regard to p larity (+ an –)

e) Remove b t eries f rom eq ipment whic is not to b u ed for an exten ed p riod of time

f ) Remove ex au ted b teries promptly.

9.1 Ge eral (s e Table 7)

With the ex e tion of smal b teries (se 9.2), e c b t ery s al b marked with the

f ol owin information:

a) desig ation, IEC or common;

b) expiration of a recommen ed u age p riod or ye r an month or we k of man facture

The ye r an month or we k of man f acture may b in code;

c) p larity of the p sitive (+) terminal;

d) nominal voltage;

e) name or trade mark of the man f acturer or s p l er;

f) cautionary ad ice

NOT Th c mmo d sig atio c n b fo n in An e D of IEC 6 0 6-2

9.2 Marking of smal bat erie (s e Table 7)

a) Bateries desig ated in IEC as smal , mainly category 3 an category 4 b t eries have a

s rf ace to smal to ac ommodate al markin s s own in 9.1 F r these b teries the

desig ation 9.1 a) an the p larity 9.1 c) s al b marked on the b tery Al other

markin s s own in 9.1 may b given on the immediate p c in in te d of on the b tery

b) For P-s stem b teries, 9.1 a) may b on the b t ery, the se ln ta or the immediate

p c in 9.1c) may b marked on the se l n ta an /or on the b tery 9.1 b), 9.1 d) an

9.1 e) may b given on the immediate p c in in te d of on the b t ery

c) Caution for in estion of swal owa le b teries s al b given Ref er to 7.1 l) f or detais

Table 7 – Markin re uireme ts

Markin

Baterie with

the exc ptio of

smal bat erie

A: s al b mark d o th b tery

B: ma b mark d o th imme iate p c in in te do th b tery

C: ma b mark d o th b tery, th s aln ta or th imme iate p c in

D: ma b mark d o th s aln ta a d/or o th b tery

a

Ca tio f or in e tio of swalowa le b terie s al b giv n Refer to 7.1 l)

9.3 Saf ety pictograms

Saf ety pictograms that could b con idered f or u e as an alternative to writen cautionary

ad ice are provided in An ex C

Annex A

(inf ormativ )

Additional inf ormation on display and storage

The purp se of this an ex is to des rib go d practices for display an storage (se also 7.4)

in general terms an , more specif i al y, to warn again t proced res k own f rom exp rien e to

b harmf ul It takes the form of ad ice to b tery man facturers, distributors, u ers, an

eq ipment desig ers

Stora e a d sto k rotatio

a) For normal storage, the temp rature s ould b b twe n +10 °C an + 5 °C an s ould

never ex e d + 0 °C Extremes of h midity (over 9 % RH an b low 4 % RH) for

s stained p riod s ould b avoided sin e they are detrimental to b th b t eries an

p c in Bat eries s ould therefore not b stored next to radiators or b i ers nor in direct

s nl g t

b) Althou h the storage lf e of b t eries at ro m temp rature is go d, storage is improved at

lower temp ratures provided sp cial precaution are taken The b t eries s ould b

en losed in sp cial protective p c in (s c as se led plastic b g or variants) whic

s ould b retained to protect them from con en ation d rin the time they are warmin to

ambient temp rature Ac elerated warmin is harmful

c) Bat eries whic have b en cold-stored s ould b put into u e as so n as p s ible af ter

return to ambient temp rature

d) Bat eries may b stored f it ed in eq ipment or p c ages if determined s ita le by the

b tery man f acturer

e) The heig t to whic b teries may b stac ed is cle rly de en ent on the stren th of the

p c As a general g ide, this heig t s ould not ex e d 1,5 m f or cardb ard p c s or 3 m

f or wo den cases

f ) The a ove recommen ation are eq al y vald for storage con ition d rin prolon ed

tran it Th s, b t eries s ould b stored away f rom s ip en ines an not lef t for lon

p riod in u venti ated metal b x cars (containers) d rin s mmer

g) Bat eries s ould b disp tc ed promptly af ter man f acture an in rotation to distribution

centres an on to the u ers In order that stoc rotation (first-in, f irst-out can b practised,

storage are s an display s ould b pro erly desig ed an p c s s ould b adeq ately

marked

In order to me t the ever growin ad an es in b tery-p wered eq ipment tec nolog ,

primary b teries have b come more so histicated in b th c emistry an con tru tion with

res ltant improvements to b th ca acity an rate ca a i ty Res ltin from these contin in

develo ments an recog isin the ne d f or b th saf ety an o timum b tery performan e it

was esta ls ed that the majority of re orted b t ery f ai ures res lted f rom electrical a u e

generaly arisin from con umer ac idental mis se

The fol owin text an f i ures are inten ed to aid the b tery-p wered eq ipment desig er to

sig if i antly red ce or el minate s c b tery fai ures

B.1.2 Bat ery f ai ure re ulting from po r bat ery compartme t d sign

Po r b t ery comp rtment desig may le d to reversed b tery in talation or to s

ort-circ itin of the b t eries

B.1.3 Pote tial hazards re ultin f rom bat ery re ers l

If a b t ery is reversed in a circ it with thre or more b t eries in series as s own in Fig re

B.1, the fol owin p tential hazard exist:

a) c argin of the reversed b t ery;

NOT Th c argin c re t lmite b th e tern l circ itlo d

b) gas generation within the reversed b t ery;

c) vent activation of the reversed b tery;

d) le kage of electrolyte f rom the reversed b t ery

NOT Batery ele trolyte areh rmf ul to b d tis u s

Figure B.1 – Ex mple of s rie con e tion with on bat ery re ers d

B.1.4 Pote tial hazards re ultin f rom a s ort circ it

a) He t generation res ltin from hig c r ent f low

b) Gas generation

IEC

Re ers d b tery

c) Vent activation

d) Electrolyte le kage

e) He t damage to in ulatin jac ets (e.g s rin age)

NOT Batery ele trolyte are h rmf ul to b d tis u s a d g n rate h at c n c u e b rn

B.2 Ge eral guidance f or a pl anc design

B.2.1 Ke bat ery f actors to be f irst con idere

These g idel nes are es ential y directed toward c l n rical b t eries with sizes ran in f rom

R1 to R2 The b t ery s stems in olved are commonly refer ed to as alkal ne man anese

an zin carb n Whi st the two s stems are interc an e ble they s ould never b u ed in

combination

The f ol owin ph sical dif f eren es b twe n the two s stems an p rmited desig f eatures

s ould b noted d rin the e rly phases of b tery comp rtment desig

a) The p sitive terminal of the alkal ne man anese b tery is connected to the b tery case

b) The p sitive terminal of the zin carb n b tery is in ulated from the b t ery case

c) Both b tery typ s have an outer in ulated jac et This may b of p p r, plastic or other

non-con u tive material On oc asion, the outer jac et may b metal c (con u tive); in

s c in tan es this is in ulated from the b sic u it

d) When f ormin the negative contact it s ould b noted that the cor esp n in b tery

terminal may b reces ed (For clarif i ation refer to IEC 6 0 6-1:2 15, 4.1.3) To en ure

go d electrical contact, completely f lat negative eq ipment contacts s ould b avoided

e) Un er no circ mstan es s ould b tery con ectors or an p rt of the eq ipment circ itry

come into contact with the b tery jac et An desig of b t ery comp rtment p rmit in

this, ris s the p s ibi ty of a s ort circ it

NOT For e ample, c nic l or h lc l s rin s u e for n g tiv c n e tio s o ld c mpre s u if ormly wh n th

b tery is in erte a d n t brid e a ro s to th b tery ja k t (Sprin c n e tio to th p sitiv termin l of a

b tery is n t re omme d d.)

B.2.2 Other importa t f actors to consid r

a) It is recommen ed that comp nies prod cin b tery-p wered eq ipment s ould maintain

close laison with the b t ery in u try The ca a i ties of existin b teries s ould b

taken into ac ou t at desig in e tion Whenever p s ible, the b t ery typ selected

s ould b one in lu ed in IEC 6 0 6-2

b) Desig comp rtments so that b t eries are e si y in erted an do not fal out

c) Desig comp rtments to prevent e s ac es to the b t eries by you g c i dren

d) Dimen ion s ould not b tied to a p rtic lar b tery man f acturer as this can cre te

pro lems when re lacements of diff erent origin are in tal ed Only con ider the b t ery

dimen ion an toleran es def i ed within IEC 6 0 6-2 when desig in the b tery

comp rtment

e) Cle rly in icate the typ of b tery to u e, the cor ect p larity al g ment (+ an –) an

direction for in ertion

f ) Althou h b teries are very mu h improved regardin their resistan e to le kage, it can

sti oc asional y oc ur When the b tery comp rtment can ot b completely isolated f rom

the eq ipment, it s ould b p sitioned so as to minimise p s ible eq ipment damage f rom

is the n mb r of b teries con ected in series) To contin e

dis hargin b low this level may res lt in u favoura le c emical re ction within the

b t ery/b t eries res ltin in le kage

B.3 Spe if ic measures a ainst rev rsed instal ation

B.3.1 Ge eral

To overcome the pro lems as ociated with the reversed placement of a b tery, con ideration

s ould b given at the desig stage to en ure that b teries can ot b in tal ed in or ectly or,

if so in tal ed, wi not make electrical contact

B.3.2 De ign of the positiv conta t

Some s g estion for the R0 , R1, R6, R14 an R2 size b t ery comp rtments are

i u trated in Fig res B.2 an B.3 b low Provision s ould also b made to prevent

u neces ary movement of b t eries within the b tery comp rtment Bat ery contacts s ould

b s ielded to prevent contact d rin reverse in tal ation

Figure B.2 – Core t ins rtio of the batery Figure B.2b – Incor e t ins rtio of the batery

Fig re B.2 – Positiv conta t re e s d betwe n ribs

Figure B.3 – Cor e t ins rtio of the bat ery Figure B.3b – Incor e t ins rtio of the batery

Figure B.3 – Positiv conta t re e s d within s r ounding in ulation

Figure B.4 – Core t ins rtio of the batery Figure B.4b – Incor e t ins rtio of the batery

Figure B.4 – Ne ativ conta t U-s ape to e s re no positiv (+) bat ery conta t

B.3.4 De ign with re pe t to bat ery orie tation

In order to avoid reverse in ertion of b teries, it is recommen ed that al b teries have the

same orientation Examples are s own in Fig res B.5 an B.5

Fig re B.5 s ows the pref er ed b tery ar an ement in ide a device whi e Fig re B.5 s ows

an alternative recommen ation

NOT Prote tio of th p sitiv c nta t is a s own in Fig re B.2 a d B.3

FigureB.5 – Prefer ed batery orientatio

NOT 1 Prote tio of th c nta ts is inFig re B.2 or B.3 f or th p sitiv a d Fig re B.4 for th n g tiv c nta t

NOT 2 This ara g me t (Fig re B.5 ) is o ly c n id re pra tic l for R14 a d R2 siz b terie d e to th

smal n g tiv termin l are (dime sio C of th rele a t s e ific tio ) of th oth r siz s

Figure B.5b – Alternative re ommen atio for batery orientatio

Fig re B.5 – De ign with re pe t to bat ery orie tation

B.3.5 Dime sion l con iderations

Ta le B.1 provides critical dimen ional detai s relatin to the b t ery terminals an the

recommen ed dimen ion for the devices p sitive contact By makin referen e to Fig re B.6,

an desig in in ac ordan e with the dimen ion s own in Ta le B.1, s bseq ent reversal of

a b tery, s c that its negative terminal is presented to the devices p sitive contact, wi

res lt in a ‘fai safe’ situation, i.e there wi b no electrical contact

Table B.1 – Dime sions of bat ery terminals a d re omme de dime sions

of the positiv conta t of a appl a c in Figure B.6

Relevant dry baterie Dimensio of the

Figure B.6 – Core t ins rtio Figure B.6b – Incor e t ins rtio

NOT Po itiv c nta t of a a pla c is re e s d within s ro n in in ulatio

Fig re B.6 – Ex mple of the d sign of a positiv conta t of a appl a c

In ulator

The diameter of the reces ed hole is larger than the diameter (d

3) of the p sitive b tery

terminal but is smaler than the diameter (d

6) of the negative b tery terminal The in ertion of

the b t ery in Fig re B.6 is cor ect In Fig re B.6 the reverse in ertion of the b t ery is

s own; in this in tan e the negative terminal of the b tery only contacts the s r ou din

in ulation there y preventin electrical contact

minimum projection of the flat p sitive contact;

X Diameter of the reces ed hole as a p sitive contact with the p sitive b tery terminal X

B.4 Spe if ic measures to prevent short circuiting of bat eries

B.4.1 Me s re to pre e t s ort circ iting d e to bat ery ja k t dama e

In alkal ne man anese b teries, the ste l case, whic is covered by an in ulatin jac et

(se B.2.1 c) , has the same voltage as the p sitive terminal Should the in ulatin jac et b

c t or pierced by an con u tive circ itry within an a pl an e, a s ort circ it may oc ur as

s own in Fig re B.7 (It s ould b noted that the damage des rib d a ove can b ag ravated

if the a pl an e is s bjected to ph sical a u e, e.g a normal vibration, dro pin , etc.)

NOT 1 Th p te tial h z rd re ultin fom a s ort circ it are d fin d inB.1.3

NOT 2 Whist th e ample s own in Fig re B.7 c mmo ly relate to alk ln ma g n s b tery s stems, th

b terie a dre s d in this a n x are interc a g a le(s e B.2.1

Figure B.7 – Ex mple of a s ort circ it, a switc is piercing the bat ery ins latin ja k t

Prevention: in ulatin material p sitioned as s own in Fig re B.8 prevents the switc from

damagin the b t ery jac et

Figure B.8 – Typic l e ample of ins lation to pre e t s ort circ it

IEC

Sh rt circ it

IEC

In ulator

It is also es ential that no p rt of the eq ipment or eq ipment circ itry, in lu in rivets or

s rews, u ed to sec re the b tery contacts etc is al owed to contact the b t ery case/jac et

B.4.2 Me s re to pre e t e ternal s ort circ it of a bat ery c us d wh n coi e

spring conta ts are employ d f or bat ery conn ction

Placement of a b t ery (p sitive (+) en foremost as s own in Fig re B.9 may res lt in

distortion of the negative (–) sprin contact an s bseq ent c t in an piercin of the b tery

in ulatin jac et when a b tery is in erted again t the sprin as s own in Fig re B.10

Fig re B.9 – In ertion a ainst spring ( o be a oid d)

Figure B.10 – S rin slde un erne th the

ja ket an co ta ts the metal c n

Figure B.10b – J cket is punctured

Fig re B.10 – Ex mple s owing distorte springs

Prevention: in order to elminate the p s ible in idents s own in Fig re B.10, it is

recommen ed that the desig of the b t ery comp rtment al ows the b tery, when cor ectly

in erted (negative terminal f irst , to evenly compres the coi sprin as s own in Fig re B.1

The in ulated g ide a ove the negative (–) con ection in Fig re B.1 en ures this

Fig re B.1 – One e ample of prote te ins rtion

The en of the sprin coi i.e that p rt in fi al contact with the b tery s ould b b nt toward

the centre of the coi so that no s arp ed es are presented to the b tery jac et

The sprin wire s ould b of s f ficient diameter as sp cif ied in Ta le B.2 The sprin contact

pres ure s ould b s f ficient to en ure that the b teries make an maintain go d electrical

contact at al times However, the sprin contact pres ure s ould not b so gre t as to

preclu e e s b t ery in ertion an removal Ex es ive sprin contact pres ure can cau e

c t in or piercin of the in ulatin jac et or contact deformation

IEC

IEC

In ulate g id

This can le d to a s ort circ it an /or le kage.

Ta le B.2 contain detais on the recommen ed diameters of the sprin wire

Sprin coi contacts s ould only contact the negative terminals of c l n rical b teries

Table B.2 – Minimum wire diameters

Batery type Minimum wire diameter

B.5 Spe ial c nsiderations re arding recessed negative c ntacts

IEC 6 0 6-2 sp cif ies the maximum reces of the negative b tery terminal from the external

jac et Man R2 , LR2 , R14 an LR14 b t eries have a reces ed negative terminal Some

b t eries are provided with projection of in ulatin resin on the negative terminal in order to

prevent electrical contact if the b t ery is reversed

NOT It is imp rativ th t th a o e s a e a d dime sio s of n g tiv b tery termin ls are ta e into a c u t

d rin th e rly sta e of th d sig of th n g tiv c nta t of a a pla c Sp cif i pre a tio s of thre (3) kin s

of c nta ts whic are g n raly u e are d s rib d in th folowin

a) When a sprin coi is u ed as the negative contact of an a pl an e: the diameter of the

coi whic interf aces with the b t ery s ould b smal er than d

6, where d

6

is the external

diameter of the contact s rf ace of the negative b tery terminal

b) Where s e t metal is c t an f ormed to make a negative contact (se Fig re B.12), it is

es ential that the dimen ion h

4

6, as def i ed in Ta le B.3, are noted an acted

up n As s own in Fig re B.12 a projection/pip s ould b provided This projection/pip

s ould b of s f ficient de th to overcome an reces in the b tery terminal (dimen ion

h

4) Fai ure to f ol ow this ad ice may res lt in los of b tery contact

c) Where it is pro osed to employ a f lat metal plate as the negative contact of an a pl an e,

it is es ential that one or more ‘pips’/projection(s) are provided to en ure b tery contact

The projection(s) s ould b of s f ficient de th to overcome an reces in the negative

terminal of the b tery (dimen ion h

4) an b placed within the con nes of the b tery

terminal contact are (dimen ion d

6)

Figure B.12 – S rin coi Figure B.12b – Plate sprin co ta t

Fig re B.12 – Ex mple of n gativ conta ts

Table B.3 – Dime sions of the ne ativ bat ery terminal

Batery type Maximum re e s d dimensio of

negative batery terminal h

4

mm

E ternal diameter of the co ta t s rfa e

of negative batery terminal d

It s ould b stres ed that b tery comp rtment dimen ion s ould not b tied to dimen ion

an toleran es of a p rtic lar man facturer as this can cre te pro lems if re lacements of

dif f erent origin are in tal ed

For dimen ional detai s, p rtic larly those related to the p sitive an negative terminals,

ref eren e s ould b made to Fig re 1a an Fig re 1b of IEC 6 0 6-2:2 15 an the relevant

b t ery sp cif i ation contained in IEC 6 0 6-2

B.6 Waterproof a d non-ve ted de ices

It is imp rtant that h drogen gas generated in the b teries is either removed by

recombination re ction or al owed to es a e; otherwise a sp rk could ig ite the entra p d

h drogen/air mixture res ltin in an explosion of the device The ad ice of the b tery

man facturer s ould b sou ht at the desig stage of s c a pl cation (Se ad ed

statement in p ragra h 7.1n)

B.7 Other design considerations

a) Only the b t ery terminals s ould ph sical y contact the electric circ it Bat ery

comp rtments s ould b electrical y in ulated f rom the electric circ it an p sitioned so

as to minimise p s ible damage an /or ris of injury res ltin f rom b t ery le kage

b) Mu h eq ipment is desig ed to o erate with alternative p wer s p l es (e.g main ,

ad itional b teries, etc.) an this is p rtic larly relevant to primary b t ery memory b c

-up a pl cation In these situation , the circ itry of the eq ipment s ould b so desig ed

1) prevent c argin of the primary b t ery, or

2) in lu e primary b tery protective devices, f or example a diode, s c that the reverse

c argin c r ent from the protective device(s) to whic the primary b tery would b

s bjected do s not ex e d that recommen ed by the b t ery man f acturer

An inten ed protective device circ it s ould b selected so as to b a pro riate to the

typ an electroc emical s stem of the primary b t ery con erned an prefera ly not

s bject to sin le comp nent fai ure It is recommen ed that eq ipment desig ers o tain

ad ice from the b t ery man facturer con ernin the primary b t ery memory b c -up

protection device circ it

Fai ure to o serve these precaution may le d to s ort service l fe, le kage or explosion

c) Positive (+) an negative (–) b tery contacts s ould b visibly dif f erent in f orm to avoid

confusion when in ertin b t eries

d) Select terminal contact materials with the lowest electrical resistan e an comp tible with

b t ery contacts

e) Batery comp rtments s ould b non-con u tive, he t resistant, non-flamma le an have

go d he t radiation They s ould not deform when a b tery is in erted

f ) Eq ipment desig ed to b p wered by air de olarised b t eries of either the A or P

s stem s ould provide f or adeq ate air ac es For the A s stem, the b tery s ould

prefera ly b in an uprig t p sition d rin normal o eration

g) Batery comp rtments with p ral el con ection are not p rmis ible, u les it can b

cle rly demon trated that the reversal of one or more b t eries do s not af f ect saf ety

h) Series con ection of b teries with multiple voltage outputs as s own in Fig re B.13 is not

recommen ed sin e a dis harged section may b driven into reverse voltage

Example in Fig re B.13, two b teries are dis hargin throu h resistor R1; if , f ol owin their

dis harge, the switc is p sitioned toward the R3 circ it, forced dis hargin of the former two

b t eries may oc ur

Figure B.13 – Ex mple of s rie conne tion of bat erie with volta e tap ing

Potential hazard arisin from f orced dis hargin (drivin into reverse voltage)

1) Gas generation within the f orced dis harged b t ery/b teries

2) Vent activation

3) Electrolyte le kage

NOT Batery ele trolyte are h rmf ul to b d tis u s

IEC

Annex C

(inf ormativ )

Saf ety pictograms

Cautionary ad ice to fulf il the markin req irements in this stan ard has, on a historical b sis,

b en in the f orm of writen text In recent ye rs, there has b en a growin tren toward the

u e of pictograms as a complementary or alternative me n of prod ct saf ety commu ication

The o jectives of this an ex are: (1) to esta l s u if orm pictogram recommen ation that are

tied to lon -u ed an sp cif i writ en text, (2) to minimize the prol feration of saf ety pictogram

desig s, an (3) to lay the fou dation f or the u e of safety pictograms in tead of writen text

to commu icate prod ct saf ety an cautionary statements

C.2 Pictograms

The pictogram recommen ation an cautionary ad ices are given in Ta le C.1

Table C.1 – Safety pictograms (1 of 2)

C.3 Rec mme dations f or use

The fol owin recommen ation are provided for u e of the pictograms

a) Pictograms s ould b cle rly legible

b) Whi st colours can b u ed, they s ould not detract from the inf ormation displayed If

colours are u ed, the b c grou d of pictogram J s ould b blue an the circle an

diagonal b r of the other pictograms s ould b red

c) Not al of the pictograms ne d to b u ed together f or a p rtic lar typ or bran of b tery

In p rtic lar, pictograms D an J are me nt as alternatives f or a simi ar purp se

Bibl ography

[1] IEC 6 0 6-3, P rimary b tterie – P art 3: Watc b tterie

[2] IEC 6 0 6-4, P rimary b tterie – P art 4: Safety oflithium b tterie

[3] ISO/IEC Guide 5 : 2 15, Safety a p cts – Guideli e for c ild s fety

[4] ISO/IEC Guide 51:2 14, Safety a p cts – Guide n s for th ir inclu io in sta dards

[5] IEC 6 0 0-4 2:2 0 , I ntern tio al Electrotec nic l Vo a ulary – P art 4 2: P rimary

a d s c ndary c ll a d b tterie

[6] ISO 812 -1, Safety of toy – P art 1: Safety a p cts related to me h nic l a d p y ic l

pro erties

6.2.2 Procéd res d’es ais en uti sation prév e 4

6.3 Mau ais u age raison a lement prévisible 5

6.3.1 Es ais et exigen es en cas de mau ais u age raison a lement

prévisible 5

6.3.2 Procéd res d’es ai en cas de mau ais u age raison a lement

prévisible 5

7 Inf ormation relatives à la séc rité 5

7.1 Précaution au cours de la manipulation des pi es 5

7.2 Emb l age 5

7.3 Manipulation des carton de pi es 5

7.4 Présentation et stoc age 57

9.2 Marq age des p tites pies (voir le Ta le u 7) 5

9.3 Pictogrammes relatifs à la séc rité 5

An exe A (inf ormative) Inf ormation complémentaires con ernant la présentation et le