BRITISH STANDARD Agricultural and forestry machinery — Solid fertilizer distributors — Safety ICS 65 060 25 ��������� � ���� ���������������������������������������������� ����� BS EN 14017 2005 +A2 2[.]
General
Machinery must adhere to the safety requirements and protective measures outlined in this clause Furthermore, the design of the machine should align with the principles of EN ISO 12100, addressing relevant but non-significant hazards that are not covered by this European Standard.
Stability when parked and for manual handling
General
The machine shall be designed to be stable as specified in 4.3.2.1.1 of EN 1553:1999 This shall be verified according to 6.1.1 See also 7.1 k) and 7.1 q).
Machines with adjustable supporting devices
Operators must be able to adjust the machine's supporting devices without needing to go underneath it, ensuring safety and convenience This capability should be confirmed through thorough inspection.
Distributing components
Swivelling and movable components
5.3.1.1 To limit the risk associated with overhead power lines, the swivelling and movable components shall be capable of folding and unfolding without exceeding a height of 4 m
5.3.1.2 The requirement of 5.3.1.1 does not apply during release of the folded components from the transport position, and during positioning of the folded components into the transport position
Swiveling and movable components that can be manually folded or unfolded must include two handles positioned at least 300 mm away from the nearest joint These handles can be integral to the components, as long as they are ergonomically designed and clearly identifiable.
In the case of powered operation, the control shall be of the hold-to-run type and the manual control shall be located outside the swivelling zone
A locking device must be installed to secure the component in the transport position If this device is a hydraulic valve that is not directly attached to the cylinder, the bursting pressure of the components in the circuit, from the valve to the cylinder, should be four times the maximum working pressure.
The unlocking and the unfolding of the components shall be controlled by separate actions from the operator.
Spreading plates and oscillating tubes
5.3.2.1 Protection against unintentional contact with distributing components
Machines must be designed or equipped with safeguards to prevent accidental contact with distributing components located at the front, rear, and sides, such as barriers or machine parts However, this requirement does not apply to solid fertilizer distributors that utilize ground-wheel-driven components Compliance with this standard should be confirmed through inspection, as referenced in sections 7.1 e) and 7.1 m).
For machines with a maximum working height of less than 1,500 mm from the ground, guarding must be implemented through a barrier positioned above the distributing components, ensuring compliance with the dimensions specified in Figure 1 and Table 2.
4 ground h maximum working height x horizontal distance between the tip of distributing components and the barrier y vertical distance between the tip of distributing components and the barrier
NOTE h, as shown, is only given here as an example
Figure 1 — Guarding by the use of a barrier for machines where the working height is less than 1 500 mm – without horizontal overlap
Table 2 — Distance between the tip of distributing components and the barrier
When the variable \( x \) is within the range of 100 to 200 or greater than or equal to 200, and \( y \) is less than or equal to 200 or less than or equal to 300, a horizontal overlap occurs between the side of the hopper or the structural framework of the machine at a height of 1,500 mm and the path of motion of the tip of the distributing components, as illustrated in Figure 2.
200 mm minimum in the case of rotary distributors; or
For oscillating distributors, a minimum distance of 50 mm is required, along with a barrier positioned above the distributing components to ensure compliance with the dimensions specified in Figure 2 and Table 3 If the barrier is placed at least 100 mm within the external contour of the hopper, it must be capable of supporting both vertical and horizontal loads of 600 N.
4 ground h maximum working height x horizontal distance between the tip of distributing components and the barrier y vertical distance between the tip of distributing components and the barrier
NOTE h, as shown, is only given here as an example
Figure 2 — Guarding by the use of a barrier for machines where the working height is less than 1 500 mm – with horizontal overlap
Table 3 — Distance between the tip of distributing components and the barrier
Horizontal distance mm Vertical distance mm
For machines with minimum working heights exceeding 1,500 mm, it is essential to implement guarding through a barrier positioned below the distributing components, ensuring compliance with the dimensions specified in Figure 3 and Table 2.
This shall be verified by measurement and inspection
5.3.2.1.3 For machines where the working heights (h) according to the instruction handbook can be less than or more than 1 500 mm from the ground, the dimensions given in 5.3.2.1.1 and 5.3.2.1.2 apply
This shall be verified by measurement and inspection
NOTE h is the value calculated from the ground to the distributing components taken on the lower level of the plate or the axis of the oscillating tube
Figure 3 — Guarding for machines where the working height is more than 1 500 mm
5.3.2.2 Protection against ejection of parts of machine
Parts of distributing components of solid fertilizer broadcasters, such as blades, shall be reliably fixed e.g by a fixing bolt with a safety lock-nut
This shall be verified by inspection
To protect operators from accidental contact with the agitator and feed auger, the machine must be designed to prevent access to the feeding components from any area of the hopper, thereby mitigating drawing-in or trapping hazards.
For machines of which feeding components are not ground-wheel-driven, the hopper shall be fitted with a grid, either
fixed (according to 3.25.1 of EN ISO 12100-1:2003); or
The machine features a hinged design that keeps it securely attached when opened, automatically locking in the closed position without requiring any tools for closure or opening.
combination of these two types of grids The grid apertures and location shall comply with the safety distances given in Tables 1, 3, 4 and 6 of EN 294:1992 in closed position
These requirements shall be verified by inspection and measurement See also 7.1 r)
When in the closed position, this grid shall resist the strength requirement for the vertical load as specified in 4.1.7.2 of EN 1553:1999
The distributing conveyors and flow control regulators, which are not ground-wheel-driven, shall be guarded against any contact, except for the feeding zone of distributing components
The accessible areas of ground-wheel-driven distributing conveyors and flow control regulators must be protected on the top and sides, with the exception of the feeding zone for distributing components.
This shall be verified by inspection
The maximum height for loading, whether done manually or with large bags, must not exceed 1,250 mm, measured from the upper edge of the hopper to the ground or operator platform as specified in the instruction handbook If the platform is narrower than the hopper, clear indicators must be provided to mark the platform's end without obstructing access.
If a loading platform is provided, this platform shall meet the following requirements:
the minimum width of the platform shall be 600 mm and the minimum depth from back to front shall be
The maximum allowable distance between the edge of the hopper or the opened cover and the vertical plane aligned with the edge of the platform is 200 mm, as illustrated in Figure 4.
A handrail or handhold must be installed between the hopper and the platform These handrails or handholds can be integrated into the hopper, provided they are designed appropriately.
5.5.2 Boarding means to loading location
The loading area must be easily accessible, allowing the operator to reach the boarding means without having to climb over or onto any machine components.
Boarding means shall comply with 4.1.5 of EN 1553:1999 and with the requirements given below
Platforms exceeding 300 mm in height must include a boarding means with an inclination of less than 70° from the horizontal.
The vertical distance from the lowest step to the ground must not exceed 300 mm and should be easily accessible Additionally, each step must have a minimum depth of 200 mm and a width of at least 300 mm.
The boarding means to a platform located more than 1 200 mm above the ground shall be fitted with at least one handrail or handholds suitably located
The lower end of the handrail/handhold shall be located at a maximum horizontal distance of 400 mm from the edge of the first step
Other boarding means, if available, shall meet the requirements of 4.1.6 of EN 1553:1999
This shall be verified by measurement and inspection
Key h going (height between two successive steps) g rise (depth between two successive steps)
Figure 5 — Dimensions of boarding means for loading location when a platform is provided
5.6 Checking of the hopper contents
To allow the operator to monitor the hopper's contents, such as the residual volume, the upper edge of the hopper must be positioned at least 1,600 mm above the ground when in the low loading position.
Loading
Safe access for loading
The maximum height for loading, whether done manually or with large bags, must not exceed 1,250 mm, measured from the upper edge of the hopper to the ground or operator platform as specified in the instruction handbook If the platform is narrower than the hopper, clear indicators must be provided to mark the platform's end without obstructing access.
If a loading platform is provided, this platform shall meet the following requirements:
the minimum width of the platform shall be 600 mm and the minimum depth from back to front shall be
The maximum allowable distance between the edge of the hopper or the opened cover and the vertical plane aligned with the edge of the platform is 200 mm, as illustrated in Figure 4.
A handrail or handhold must be installed between the hopper and the platform These handrails or handholds can be integrated into the hopper, provided they are designed appropriately.
Boarding means to loading location
The loading area must be easily accessible, allowing the operator to reach the boarding means without having to climb over or onto any machine components.
Boarding means shall comply with 4.1.5 of EN 1553:1999 and with the requirements given below
For platforms elevated more than 300 mm above the ground, a boarding means must be installed with an inclination of less than 70° from the horizontal (refer to Figure 5).
The vertical distance from the lowest step to the ground must not exceed 300 mm and should be easily accessible Additionally, each step must have a minimum depth of 200 mm and a width of at least 300 mm.
The boarding means to a platform located more than 1 200 mm above the ground shall be fitted with at least one handrail or handholds suitably located
The lower end of the handrail/handhold shall be located at a maximum horizontal distance of 400 mm from the edge of the first step
Other boarding means, if available, shall meet the requirements of 4.1.6 of EN 1553:1999
This shall be verified by measurement and inspection
Key h going (height between two successive steps) g rise (depth between two successive steps)
Figure 5 — Dimensions of boarding means for loading location when a platform is provided
Checking of the hopper contents
To allow the operator to monitor the hopper's contents, such as the residual volume, the upper edge of the hopper must be positioned at a low loading height of over 1,600 mm from the ground.
Boarding must adhere to section 4.1.6 of EN 1553:1999, ensuring that the vertical distance between the upper edge of the hopper and the upper step is maintained between 1,200 mm and a specified maximum limit.
an inspection window shall be provided in the hopper wall; or
other measures shall be provided enabling a risk-less check of the hopper content for the operator, e.g by using a level indicator, a video camera, etc
This shall be verified by measurement and inspection see 7.1 O).
Protection against ejection of fertilizer
Solid fertilizer distributors must be engineered to prevent any fertilizer from being ejected towards the operator within a 2-meter width in a vertical plane that is perpendicular to the machine's driving direction and aligned with the lower hitching or towing points.
This shall be verified by measurement and inspection See also 7.1 f)
NOTE A test method will be developed for inclusion upon revision of this European Standard.
Removal of the spreading device
Removable spreading devices with a mass equal to or greater than 40 kg shall be fitted with clearly identified hooking points, which enable the use of lifting equipment
This shall be verified by inspection See also 7.1 g).
Flow rate calibration system
A solid fertilizer distributor equipped with a flow rate calibration system allows operators to conduct calibration tests without needing to access the machine's underside This feature is essential for verifying the application rate as specified in EN 13739-1:2003, ensuring safety and efficiency while the fertilizer is in motion or the machine is operational.
This shall be verified by inspection.
Hitching and clearance zone
To ensure proper functionality of mounted machines, it is essential to maintain adequate clearance between the fertilizer distributor and the tractor This space allows for the connection of driving elements, such as transmission systems, and steering components, including electric or hydraulic remote controls.
To facilitate the connection of driving and/or steering elements after coupling the fertilizer distributor, it is essential to increase the clearance zone illustrated in Figure 6 on at least one side.
design of the driving and/or steering elements so that their connection is possible before coupling the fertilizer distributor in a comparable clearance zone according to Figure 6
This shall be verified by measurement and inspection See also 7.1 j) a) Side view b) Global view c) Top view
Noise
Noise reduction as a safety requirement
5.11.1.1 Reduction at source by design and by protective measures
The machine shall be designed to generate a noise level as low as practicable The main sources causing noise are:
Machines shall be designed and constructed taking into account the available information and technical measures to control noise at source at the design stage, as described in EN ISO 11688-1
NOTE EN ISO 11688-2 gives useful information on noise generation mechanisms in machinery
If a manufacturer deems additional operator protection necessary after implementing all feasible noise reduction measures during the design phase, they must provide sufficient information in the instruction manual.
Verification of requirements on noise based on noise emission values
To determine the sound power level and the emission sound pressure level at the operator's position, the noise test code specified in EN 1553:1999, Annex D must be utilized.
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures
Stability when parked and for manual handling
General
The requirement of 5.2.1 shall be verified according to 4.3.2.1.1 of EN 1553:1999 with the basic hopper(s) half full to capacity of test material with a density of 1.
Mounted machines fitted with rollers for manual handling when dismounted
To verify compliance with requirement 5.2.2, position the machine on a level surface with the hopper(s) empty, as per the manufacturer's guidelines Next, propel the machine at a speed of 1 m/s towards a fixed rectangular obstacle that is 50 mm high and has a length equal to or greater than the distance between the external transport rollers, ensuring it is placed on the ground perpendicular to the machine's direction of movement.
This test shall be carried out forwards and backwards
The machine shall remain upright.
Swivelling and movable components
The requirement of 5.3.1.1 shall be verified by measurement as follows: the height of 4 m shall be measured with
Instruction handbook
The manufacturer shall provide detailed instructions on machine maintenance and safe usage in the instruction handbook, including guidelines on appropriate clothing, personal protective equipment (PPE), and any necessary training For additional guidance on creating the instruction handbook, refer to section 6.5 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003.
When operating machinery, it is crucial to adhere to safety protocols to mitigate residual risks Ensure the engine is off during maintenance and keep unauthorized personnel away from the machine Be aware that the load in mounted distributors can affect tractor maneuverability; if the spreader's balance is compromised when partially unloaded, follow the recommendations in Annex A for stability calculations Never enter the machine while the spreading device is in operation, and avoid wearing loose clothing that could get caught in moving parts Personal protective equipment (PPE) should be worn as necessary, especially when handling chemicals Follow proper procedures for the removal and refitting of the spreading device, calibration, and loading Always use a PTO drive shaft with a functioning guard and adhere to instructions for automatic and semi-automatic hitching It is advisable to park the distributor on solid, level ground with empty hoppers Conduct a risk assessment for potential contact with overhead power lines during operations, particularly in uneven terrain Ensure the unlocking procedure does not lead to uncontrolled movement of swiveling components, especially with new machines Be aware of the machine's intended working heights and consult the ATV instruction handbook for stability and load limits when using ATV-operated machines Lastly, take precautions to prevent blockages in the hopper and understand the hazards associated with clearing them The manufacturer's instruction handbook and technical documentation are essential resources for potential users.
give the declared noise emission values of the machinery as follows:
the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at workstations, where this exceeds 70 dB Should the sound pressure level not exceed 70 dB, this fact shall be indicated;
the peak C-weighted emission sound pressure level at workstations, where this exceeds 63 Pa (130 dB in relation to 20 àPa);
the A-weighted sound power level emitted by the machinery as determined, where the A-weighted emission sound pressure level at workstations/the operator position exceeds 80 dB(A);
give reference to the noise test code specified in Annex D of EN 1553:1999;
specify the uncertainty of measurement;
recommend the use of low-noise operating modes, and/or limited time of operation, if necessary;
recommend the use of ear protection, if necessary.$
Marking
All machines shall be marked legibly and indelibly with at least the following information:
#the business name and full address of the manufacturer and, where applicable, his authorised representative;$
#the designation of the machinery; $
designation of series or type, if any;
mass of the machine, when empty in its basis configuration;
mass of the spreading device, if removable;
nominal rotation frequency and direction of rotation of the power input connection (marked by an arrow), when applicable;
In addition, warnings shall be affixed on the machine drawing attention to:
hazards caused by moving parts (distributing components);
hazards caused by ejection of materials;
hazard of falling off when climbing on protective structures that are not designed for boarding purposes;
that it is dangerous to ascend onto the machine while it is moving; this warning is to be affixed near the means
Stability of the tractor distributor combination
This annex pertains to section 7.1 c), which mandates the provision of information regarding the potential loss of stability in the tractor when connected to the fertilizer distributor.
The following text is a suggestion to the manufacturer to enable him to provide adequate and complete information The example suggested refers to a solid fertilizer distributor mounted on a tractor
The combination of the tractor and distributor can become unstable due to the weight of the machine and the materials in the hopper To ensure total stability, it is essential to calculate the minimum front ballasting, denoted as \( I_{F,\text{min}} \), which ensures that the weight on the front axle is adequate.
20 % of the unladen weight of the tractor: b a b T 0,2 b T d c
NOTE Rear mounted implement and front/rear combinations are considered for this calculation
T E [kg] Unladen weight of tractor n
T F [kg] Front axle load of unladen tractor n
T R [kg] Rear axle load of unladen tractor n
I R [kg] Combined weight of rear mounted implement/rear ballast o
I F [kg] Combined weight of front mounted implement/front ballast o a [m] Distance from centre of gravity for combined front mounted implement/front ballast to front axle centre op b [m] Tractor wheelbase np
Figure B.1 — Hazards caused by moving parts
Figure B.2 — Hazards caused by ejection of materials
Figure B.3 — Ascending onto the machine while operating is dangerous
# Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC
This European Standard was developed under a mandate from the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to ensure compliance with the Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 98/37/EC concerning machinery.
Once a standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities and implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, adhering to its normative clauses provides a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements However, this does not apply to Essential Requirements for all machines, specifically 1.1.4, 1.5.11, 3.3.3, and for self-propelled machines, 1.5.5, 1.5.9, 3.2.1, 3.2.2, 3.4.3, and 3.6.3.a) as outlined in the Directive and associated EFTA regulations.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard.$
# Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC
This European Standard was developed under a mandate from the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to ensure compliance with the Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC concerning machinery.
Once a standard is published in the Official Journal of the European Communities and adopted as a national standard by at least one Member State, adhering to its normative clauses provides a presumption of conformity with the relevant Essential Requirements However, this does not apply to Essential Requirements for all machines, specifically 1.1.4, 1.2.1, 1.4.2.1, 3.3.3, and for self-propelled machines, 1.1.8, 1.5.5, 1.5.9, 3.2.1, 3.2.2, 3.4.3, and 3.6.3.1 as outlined in the Directive and related EFTA regulations.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard.$
[1] EN 13739-2:2003, Agricultural machinery – Solid fertilizer broadcasters and full width distributors – Environmental protection – Part 2: Test methods
[2] EN 13740-1:2003, Agricultural machinery – Solid fertilizer line-distributors – Environmental protection – Part 1: Requirements
[3] EN 13740-2:2003, Agricultural machinery – Solid fertilizer line-distributors – Environmental protection – Part 2: Test methods
[4] EN ISO 11688-2:2000, Acoustics – Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment – Part 2: Introduction to the physics of low-noise design (ISO/TR 11688-2:1998)