Bsi bs en 13155 2003 + a2 2009

3.18 vacuum lifter suction pad equipment which includes one or several suction pads operating by vacuum 3.18.1 self priming vacuum lifter vacuum lifter using the load to create the v

Cranes — Safety —

Non-fixed load lifting

attachments

ICS 53.020.30

This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13155:2003+A2:2009

It supersedes BS EN 13155:2003 which is withdrawn

The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags Tags indicating changes to CEN text carry the number of the CEN amendment For example, text altered by CEN amendment A1 is indicated by !"

EN 13155:2003 covers a wide range of non-fixed load lifting attachments which have never previously been standardized by BSI, CEN or ISO The lack of previous standards as a starting point, together with the wide scope of the equipment covered and the wide variety of current practices among the established manufacturers, made this standard particularly difficult to draft and to get agreement on Nevertheless considerable progress has been made,

to the point where the parties involved were sufficiently in agreement to enable the first edition of this standard to be published

BSI Technical Committee MHE/3, which is responsible for the United Kingdom input to EN 13155, is of the view that, while further development may be required, this standard in its present form contains much useful information to guide manufacturers, and it represents an important step forward Experience of applying this standard will doubtless reveal some matters which, with the benefit of hindsight, have not been adequately dealt with, and will need to be reconsidered in the next edition In particular, readers are advised to exercise a degree of caution about the rigour of some of the verification clauses

The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee MHE/3, Cranes and derricks

A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary

This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract Users are responsible for its correct application

Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.

Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication

31 October 2009 Implementation of CEN amendments A1:2005 and

A2:2009

This British Standard, was

published under the authority

of the Standards Policy and

Strategy Committee on

27 August 2003

© BSI 2009

English Version

Cranes - Safety - Non-fixed load lifting attachments

Appareils de levage à charge suspendue - Sécurité –

Equipements amovibles de prise de charge

Krane - Sicherheit - Lose Lastaufnahmemittel

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 November 2001 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 24 June 2005 and Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 17 February 2009

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German) A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION

C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A L I S A T I O N

E U R O P Ä I S C H E S K O M I T E E FÜ R N O R M U N G

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels

© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref No EN 13155:2003+A2:2009: E

Foreword 3

Introduction 4

1 Scope 4

2 Normative references 5

3 Terms and definitions 7

4 List of significant hazards 12

5 Safety requirements and/or measures 19

6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures 26

7 Information for use 31

Annex A (normative) General verification methods 37

Annex B (normative) Verification methods for plate clamps 42

Annex C (normative) Verification methods for vacuum lifters 46

Annex D (normative) Verification methods for lifting magnets 53

Annex E (normative) Verification methods for lifting beams 58

Annex F (normative) Verification methods for lifting forks 60

Annex G (normative) Verification methods for clamps 61

Annex H (informative) Selection of a suitable set of crane standards for a given application 65

Annex ZA (informative) ##Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC amended by Directive 98/79/EC$$ 67

Annex ZB(informative) ##Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC$$ 68

Bibliography 69

Foreword

This document (EN 13155:2003+A2:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 147 “Cranes

- Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI

This document shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009

This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2005-06-24 and Amendment 2, approved by CEN on 2009-02-17

This document supersedes EN 13155:2003

The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags

For the relationship with other European standards for cranes, see informative Annex H

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom

Introduction

This European Standard has been prepared to be a harmonized standard to provide one means for non-fixed load lifting attachments used on cranes to conform with the essential health and safety requirements of the Machinery Directive, as amended

This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN 1070

The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards are covered are indicated in the scope of this standard

When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for non-fixed load lifting attachments which have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C

 non-self priming (pump, venturi, turbine);

 electric lifting magnets (battery fed and mains-fed);

 permanent lifting magnets;

 electro-permanent lifting magnets;

This standard does not specify the additional requirements for:

 non fixed load lifting attachments in direct contact with foodstuffs or pharmaceuticals requiring a high level

of cleanliness for hygiene reasons;

 hazards resulting from handling specific hazardous materials (e.g explosives, hot molten masses, radiating materials);

 hazards caused by operation in an explosive atmosphere;

 hazards caused by noise;

 electrical hazards;

 hazards due to hydraulic and pneumatic components

This standard does not cover the hazards related to mechanical strength of structural elements of attachments designed for more than 20 000 lifting cycles

NOTE The coefficient of utilization specified in clause 5.1.1 ensures that no fatigue verification is needed for less than 20 000 cycles This is in accordance with the well accepted calculation codes e.g FEM 1001

This standard does not cover attachments intended to lift above people

This standard does not cover slings, ladles, expanding mandrels, buckets, grabs, or grab buckets

The hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in clause 4

This European Standard does not cover hazards related to the lifting of persons

This European Standard is applicable to non-fixed load lifting attachments which are manufactured after the date of approval by CEN of this standard

2 Normative references

!The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard For dated references, only the edition cited applies For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies."

#deleted text$

EN 287-1, Approval testing of welders for fusion welding — Part 1: Steels

EN 349:1993, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body

EN 457, Safety of machinery — Auditory danger signals — General requirements, design and testing

EN 818-4, Short link chain for lifting purposes — Safety — Part 4: Chain slings — Grade 8

EN 818-5, Short link chain for lifting purposes — Safety — Part 5: Chain slings —Grade 4

EN 842, Safety of machinery — Visual danger signals — General requirements, design and testing

EN 981, Safety of machinery - System of auditory and visual danger and information signals

EN 1070: 1998, Safety of machinery — Terminology

EN 1492-1, Textile slings — Safety — Part 1: Flat woven webbing slings, made of man-made fibres, for

general purpose use

EN 1492-2, Textile slings — Safety — Part 2: Roundslings, made of man-made fibres, for general purpose

use

ENV 1993-1-1: 1992, Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures — Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings

EN 10025, Hot-rolled products of non alloy structural steels — Technical delivery conditions

EN 10045-1, Metallic materials — Charpy impact test — Part 1: Test method

prEN 13414-1, Steel wire rope slings — Safety — Part 1: Slings for general lifting service

prEN 13557:2003, Cranes — Controls and control stations

EN 25817, Arc-welded joints in steel — Guidance on quality levels for imperfections (ISO 5817:1992)

#EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery – Basic concepts, general principles for design – Part 1: Basic

terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003)$

#EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery – Basic concepts, general principles for design – Part 2:

Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003)$

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 1070:1998 and the

following terms and definitions apply:

area where buildings, bridges, roads etc are being erected or renovated or demolished

NOTE In these areas the environment is permanently changing Any risks are higher than in plants or warehouses

3.3

C-hook

equipment in the form of a ‘C’ used for lifting hollow loads e.g coils, pipes

Figure 1 — Example of a C-hook

equipment used to handle loads by clamping on a specific part of the load

NOTE Clamps are also known as tongs For definition of plate clamps see 3.12

Figure 4 — Example of lifting forks

3.9

lifting magnet

Figure 5 — Example of a lifting magnet

3.9.1

electric lifting magnet

equipment with a magnetic field generated by an electric current creating sufficient force for gripping, holding and handling loads with ferro-magnetic properties

3.9.2

permanent lifting magnet

equipment with a permanent magnetic field which creates sufficient force for gripping, holding and handling loads with ferro-magnetic properties The magnetic field is controlled by mechanical means

3.9.3

electro-permanent lifting magnet

equipment with a permanent magnetic field which creates sufficient force for gripping, holding and handling loads with ferro-magnetic properties The magnetic field is controlled by an electric current which is not required to sustain the magnetic field

NOTE Electro-permanent lifting magnets can be energized by the mains or by battery or stand-alone generator

3.10

No-go area

area from which persons are excluded during normal operation

3.11

non-fixed load lifting attachment

lifting attachment which can be fitted directly or indirectly to the hook or any other coupling device of a crane, hoist or manually controlled manipulating device by the user without affecting the integrity of the crane, hoist

or manually controlled manipulating device

3.12

plate clamps

non powered equipment used to handle steel plates by clamping them between jaws

Figure 6 — Example of plate clamps

3.13

positive holding device

device making a direct mechanical connection to the load and which does not rely solely on friction, suction or magnetic adhesion to the load

3.14

secondary positive holding device

device to hold loads if the primary holding means fails and which does not rely on friction, suction or magnetic adhesion to the load

a) operation of two separate hold-to-run controls;

b) sequential operation of two movements of a control device;

c) previous unlocking of the control with self-locking in the neutral position

3.17

type verification

verification carried out on one or more samples representative of a particular design and size of product before it is first placed on the market

NOTE Although the term "type verification" is normally associated with series produced equipment, for the purpose

of this standard it also applies to single unit produced attachment

3.18

vacuum lifter (suction pad)

equipment which includes one or several suction pads operating by vacuum

3.18.1

self priming vacuum lifter

vacuum lifter using the load to create the vacuum

Figure 7 — Example of a self priming vacuum lifter

3.18.2

non self priming vacuum lifter

vacuum lifter using an external source of energy

Figure 8 — Example of a non self priming vacuum lifter

3.19

working load limit

maximum load that the non-fixed load lifting attachment is designed to lift under the conditions specified by the manufacturer

4 List of significant hazards

Tables 1 to 7 show a list of significant hazardous situations and hazardous events that could result in risks to persons during normal use and foreseeable misuse They also contain the relevant clauses in this standard that are necessary to reduce or eliminate the risks associated with those hazards

NOTE The numbers in the left hand columns correspond to those in annex A of EN 1050: 1996 ‘Safety of machinery

— Principles for risk assessment’

Table 1 — Plate clamps - List of significant hazards and associated requirements

Generated by machine parts or workpieces caused, for example, by:

Fatigue is not dealt with

27.1 From load falls, collisions, machine tipping

caused by:

27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of loads 5.2.1.1, 5.2.1.2, 5.2.1.3, 5.2.1.4,

27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices/accessories 5.2.1.4, 5.2.1.5, 7.1.1, 7.1.2

27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts 5.1.1.1

Fatigue is not dealt with 27.6 From inadequate selection/integration into the

machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories 5.1.4, 5.2.1.6 27.8 From abnormal conditions of

assembly/testing/use maintenance

5.2.1.5, 5.2.1.6, 7.1 to 7.2

Table 2 — Vacuum lifters - List of significant hazards and associated requirements

Generated by machine parts or workpieces caused, for example, by:

Fatigue is not dealt with

27.1 From load falls, collisions, machine tipping

caused by:

27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading - overloading -

27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of loads 5.2.2.1, 5.2.2.2, 5.2.2.3, 5.2.2.4, 5.2.2.5,

5.2.2.6, 5.2.2.9, 5.2.2.10, 7.2.3 27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices/accessories 5.2.2.1, 7.1.1, 7.1.2

27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts 5.1.1.1 Fatigue is not dealt with

27.6 From inadequate selection/integration into the

machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories 5.1.4 27.8 From abnormal conditions of

Table 3 — Lifting magnets - List of significant hazards and associated requirements

Generated by machine parts or workpieces caused, for example, by:

Fatigue is not dealt with

27.1 From load falls, collisions, machine tipping

caused by:

27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading - overloading -

27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of loads 5.2.3.1, 5.2.3.3, 5.2.3.4, 5.2.3.5, 5.2.3.6,

7.2.3

27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts 5.1.1.1

Fatigue is not dealt with 27.6 From inadequate selection/integration into the

machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories 5.1.4 27.8 From abnormal conditions of

assembly/testing/use maintenance

5.2.5, 5.2.6, 7.1, 7.2

Table 4 — C-Hooks - List of significant hazards and associated requirements

Generated by machine parts or workpieces caused, for example, by:

Fatigue is not dealt with

27.1 From load falls, collisions, machine tipping

caused by:

27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading - overloading -

27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices/accessories 5.2.4.1, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.2.3

27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts 5.1.1.1

Fatigue is not dealt with 27.6 From inadequate selection/integration into the

machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories 5.1.4 27.8 From abnormal conditions of

Table 5 — Lifting forks - List of significant hazards and associated requirements

Generated by machine parts or workpieces caused, for example, by:

Fatigue is not dealt with

27.1 From load falls, collisions, machine tipping

caused by:

27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading - overloading -

overturning moments exceeded

5.1.1.1, 7.1.1 27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of loads 5.2.5.2, 5.2.5.3, 5.2.5.4, 5.2.5.5 27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices/accessories 5.2.5.2, 5.2.5.3, 5.2.5.4, 5.2.5.5, 7.1.1,

7.1.2, 7.2.3 27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts 5.1.1.1, 5.2.5.6

Fatigue is not dealt with 27.6 From inadequate selection/integration into the

machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories

5.1.4 27.8 From abnormal conditions of

Table 6 — Lifting beams - List of significant hazards and associated requirements

Generated by machine parts or workpieces

caused, for example, by:

Fatigue is not dealt with

27.1 From load falls, collisions, machine tipping

27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading - overloading -

overturning moments exceeded

7.1, 7.2 27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of loads 5.2.6, 7.2.3

27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts 5.1.1.1

Fatigue is not dealt with 27.6 From inadequate selection/integration into the

machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories

5.1.4 27.8 From abnormal conditions of

Table 7 — Clamps - List of significant hazards and associated requirements

Generated by machine parts or workpieces caused, for example, by:

Fatigue is not dealt with

27.1 From load falls, collisions, machine tipping

caused by:

27.1.2 Uncontrolled loading - overloading -

overturning moments exceeded

5.1.1.1, 7.1.1, 7.2.1 27.1.4 Unexpected/unintended movement of loads 5.2.7.1, 5.2.7.2, 5.2.7.3, 5.2.7.4, 7.2.3 27.1.5 Inadequate holding devices/accessories 5.2.7.2, 5.2.7.3, 5.2.7.5, 5.2.7.7, 7.1.1,

7.1.2, 7.2.3 27.4 From insufficient mechanical strength of parts 5.1.1.1, 5.2.7.6

Fatigue is not dealt with 27.6 From inadequate selection/integration into the

machine of chains, ropes, lifting accessories 5.1.4 27.8 From abnormal conditions of

5 Safety requirements and/or measures

5.1 General requirements

The attachment shall comply with the safety requirements and/or measures of this clause In addition, the attachment shall be designed according to the principles of #EN ISO 12100$ for hazards relevant but not significant which are not dealt with by this standard

5.1.1 Mechanical load bearing parts

5.1.1.1 The mechanical load bearing parts shall have a mechanical strength to fulfil the following requirements:

1) the attachment shall be designed to withstand a static load of three times the working load limit without releasing the load even if permanent deformation occurs;

2) the attachment shall be designed to withstand a static load of two times the working load limit without permanent deformation

5.1.1.2 Attachments intended to tilt shall be designed for an angle exceeding minimum 6° the maximum working angle Attachments not intended to tilt shall be designed for an angle of minimum 6°

5.1.4 Requirements for slings which are integrated

Slings which are an integrated part of the attachment shall be in accordance with the appropriate following standards:

5.1.5 Stability during storage

When not required for use it shall be possible to set down the attachment so that it is stable during storage To

be regarded as stable it shall not tip over when tilted to an angle of 10° in any direction This shall be achieved either by the shape of the attachment or by means of additional equipment such as a stand

5.2 Specific requirements for each category of attachment

5.2.1 Plate clamps

5.2.1.1 Under the conditions specified by the manufacturer, it shall not be possible to unintentionally release the load, in particular by the following influences:

a) contact of the plate clamp particularly the locking mechanisms with an obstacle;

b) weight of the crane hook, bottom block or other connections bearing down on the device;

c) intended tipping and/or turning

5.2.1.2 Plate clamps intended to transport vertically suspended plate shall incorporate a device to prevent the load from unintentional detachment when it is set down

5.2.1.3 The safety factor to prevent the load from slipping shall be at least 2

5.2.1.4 In the case of plate clamps where the range of thickness does not start at 0, a safety range in which the gripping force does not fall below the value given in 5.2.1.3 is required below the smallest specified thickness, in order to be able to compensate for the manufacturing tolerances, elastic deformation etc

The following minimum safety ranges are required:

a) for a minimum thickness less than or equal to 50 mm: 10 % of the minimum thickness;

b) for a minimum thickness between 50 and 100 mm: 5 mm;

c) for a minimum thickness more than 100 mm: 5 % of the minimum thickness

5.2.1.5 If the lifting attachment is designed to use more than one clamp, the working load limit of each clamp shall take account of the share of the load which can foreseeably be imposed on it (including any inequality of share due to the rigidity of the load) and any intermediate equipment between the clamps and the crane e.g a lifting beam

5.2.1.6 The method of connecting to the crane or intermediate equipment shall ensure that the forces are transmitted through the plate clamp in the correct alignment Where this is not possible by design, the marking and/or operating instructions shall clearly indicate how it should be connected

5.2.2 Vacuum lifters

5.2.2.1 Vacuum lifters shall be dimensioned to hold at least a load corresponding to two times the working load limit at the end of the working range and the beginning of the danger range respectively at all intended angles of tilt The maximum angles of tilt shall be increase in accordance with 5.1.1.2

NOTE The pressure range with which it is possible to work is termed the working range The danger range adjoins the working range In some vacuum lifting systems, in particular self-priming vacuum lifters, the pressure decrease arising depends upon the weight of the load

5.2.2.2 Non-self-priming vacuum lifters shall be equipped with a pressure measuring device showing the

working range and the danger range of the vacuum

5.2.2.3 Self-priming vacuum lifters shall be equipped with an indicator showing to the operator that the end of the working range is reached

5.2.2.4 The measuring device or the indicator respectively shall be fully visible for the slinger or, if there is

no slinger, for the driver of the crane in his normal working position

5.2.2.5 Means shall be provided to prevent the risks due to vacuum losses This shall be:

a) in the case of vacuum lifters with a vacuum pump: a reserve vacuum with a non return valve between the reserve vacuum and the pump, located as close as possible to the reserve vacuum;

b) in the case of vacuum lifters with Venturi-system: a pressure-reserve-tank or vacuum-reserve-tank with a non return valve between the reserve vacuum and the Venturi system, located as close as possible to the reserve vacuum;

c) in the case of turbine vacuum lifters: a supporting battery or an additional flywheel-mass;

d) in the case of self-priming vacuum lifters: a reserve-stroke at least equal to 5 % of the total stroke of the piston

NOTE Vacuum losses can occur for example, due to leaks, or in the case of non self-priming vacuum lifters, due to a power failure

5.2.2.6 There shall be a device to warn automatically that the danger range is reached, when vacuum losses cannot be compensated The warning signal shall be optical or acoustic, depending upon the circumstances of use for the vacuum lifter, and in accordance with EN 981, EN 842 and EN 457 The warning device shall work even if there is a power failure of the vacuum lifter

NOTE The warning device is not the pressure measuring device of 5.2.2.2 or the indicator of 5.2.2.3

5.2.2.7 In case of power failure, the vacuum lifter shall be able to hold the load for 5 minutes This is not necessary in no-go areas and this is not necessary for turbine vacuum lifters if all the following conditions are met:

 the operator maintains control of the load through steering handles which ensures that the operator is outside the danger zone in case of the load falling;

 in addition to clause 5.2.2.6 a warning device shall be activated as soon as the power fails;

 the manufacturer shall prohibit lifting of the geometric centre of the suction pads above 1,8 m by marking and instructions for use

5.2.2.8 For vacuum lifters intended to be used in a building area a secondary positive holding device is

required or there shall be two vacuum reserves each fitted with non return valves Each vacuum reserve shall

be connected to a separate set of vacuum pads Each set of vacuum pads shall fulfil the requirement of the clause 5.2.2.1

5.2.2.9 The releasing of the load shall be actuated by a two action control This is not necessary if the release of the load is not possible until the load has been put down or in no-go areas

5.2.2.10 Controls for tilting or turning movements shall be hold-to-run type

5.2.2.11 The shape of the suction pad shall be matched to that of the intended load(s) If more than one suction pad is used in conjunction with a lifting beam, the layout and working load limit of the suction pads shall be matched to that of the intended load(s) The share of the load which can foreseeably be imposed on each suction pad shall not exceed its working load limit taking account of the rigidity of both the load and the vacuum lifter

5.2.3 Lifting magnets

5.2.3.1 General

5.2.3.1.1 The releasing of the load shall be actuated by a two action control This is not necessary if the

release of the load is not possible until the load has been put down or in no-go areas

5.2.3.1.2 The shape of the magnet shall be matched to that of the intended load(s) If more than one magnet is used in conjunction with a lifting beam, the layout and working load limit of the magnets shall be matched to that of the intended load(s) The share of the load which can foreseeably be imposed on each magnet shall not exceed its working load limit taking account of the rigidity of both the load and the lifting beam

5.2.3.2 Battery-fed electric lifting magnets

5.2.3.2.1 They shall provide a tear-off force corresponding to at least 2 times the working load limit under the conditions specified by the manufacturer

5.2.3.2.2 An automatic warning device shall be provided which monitors the power supply and provides a warning at least 10 minutes before the supply reaches the level where the load will be release The warning device shall be optical or acoustic

5.2.3.2.3 A safety device shall be provided, which, after the low power warning device has been activated and the magnet has been switched off, prevents the magnet from being switched on again until the battery is recharged to the minimum level at which the low power warning device is not activated

5.2.3.2.4 An indicator shall be provided to show if the magnet is magnetised (ON/OFF)

NOTE The indicator does not necessarily indicate that there is sufficient magnetic field

5.2.3.3 Mains-fed electric lifting magnets

5.2.3.3.1 They shall provide a tear-off force corresponding to at least 2 times the working load limit under the conditions specified by the manufacturer

5.2.3.3.2 An automatic warning device shall be provided to warn if the mains power supply fails The warning device may be optical or acoustic This is not necessary in no-go areas

5.2.3.3.3 A stand-by battery shall be provided to supply power in case the mains supply fails It shall be capable of providing the current needed to hold the working load limit for at least 10 minutes This is not necessary in no-go areas

5.2.3.3.4 Requirements of clause 5.2.3.3.2 and 5.2.3.3.3 are not necessary if all the following requirements are met:

 The manufacturer shall prohibit lifting the pole geometric centre above 1,8 m by marking and instructions for use;

 The load mass is less than 20 kg

5.2.3.3.5 In cases where it is difficult to leave the danger zone (e g in a building area or in ships during loading and unloading) a redundancy of the flexible cables of the DC supply lines between the control cabinet and the attachment (e.g spreader beam or single magnet) and of the power control unit of the magnet system

is required Alternatively a secondary positive holding device is required

5.2.3.3.6 Magnets for lifting loads such as plates, sheets, or bars from the top of a stack, shall have controls to reduce the power supply so as to facilitate the shedding of excess load After the excess load has been shed the controls shall permit restoration of full power

5.2.3.3.7 The magnet system shall have an indicator to show when the magnet(s) are magnetized For

magnets with variable power control, the indicator shall distinguish between full and partial magnetization

NOTE The indicator does not necessarily indicate that there is sufficient magnetic field

5.2.3.4 Permanent lifting magnets

5.2.3.4.1 They shall provide a tear-off force corresponding to at least 3 times the working load limit under the conditions specified by the manufacturer;

5.2.3.4.2 The control shall clearly indicate whether the magnet is ON or OFF;

5.2.3.4.3 The control for operating the magnet shall be in accordance with EN 349: 1993 with regard to the place for the operator’s hands

5.2.3.5 Electro-permanent lifting magnets

5.2.3.5.1 They shall provide a tear-off force of at least 3 times the working load limit under the conditions specified by the manufacturer

5.2.3.5.2 The magnets shall have an indicator to show when the magnet(s) are magnetized For magnets with variable power control, the indicator shall distinguish between full and partial magnetisation

a) the C-hook tilted backwards with an angle greater or equal to 5° in the loaded position;

b) for the C-hook intended for handling single steel sheet coils the lower arm shall be horizontal or titled backward in the loaded position;

c) a chain, strap or bar to close the C-hook opening;

d) a clamping system to secure the load;

e) an end stop on the lower arm

5.2.5.3 Lifting forks for loose material (e.g bricks and tiles) to be used in a building area shall have a

secondary positive holding device (e.g net, cage)

The secondary positive holding device shall prevent the release of the complete load or any loose parts of the load

For handling loose materials (e.g bricks and tiles) the secondary positive holding device (e.g nets or cages)

shall not have side and bottom openings of more than 50 mm !deleted text"

NOTE It is recommended that the secondary positive holding device is automatically activated

5.2.5.4 Lifting forks fitted with a secondary positive holding device required in the clause 5.2.5.3 shall be capable of holding a uniformly distributed load equal to 50% of the WLL in all four horizontal directions

5.2.5.5 Lifting forks for unit load (e.g plastic wrapped palletised load) to be used on building area shall have a retaining device (e.g chain, strap or bar) to prevent the unit load sliding off the forks

5.2.5.6 Lifting forks with a retaining device as required in clause 5.2.5.5 shall be capable of holding a uniformly distributed load equal to 50% of the WLL

5.2.6 Lifting beams

5.2.6.1 Attaching the lifting beam to the crane

5.2.6.1.1 Any connection made by moving or removing a lifting beam component shall be such that it can

be locked before lifting so as to prevent any accidental uncoupling of this connection

5.2.6.1.2 Means shall be provided to prevent any dangerous movement and damage to the suspended parts of the lifting beam parts during storage, coupling or uncoupling from the crane

5.2.6.2 Securing the load to the lifting beam

5.2.6.2.1 Lifting beams with load attachment points which move along the beam shall have the means to prevent them falling off

5.2.6.2.2 Load attachment points which move along the beam shall have the means to lock them in positions when they are under load

5.2.6.2.3 If the means of locking the load attachment points is operated manually, the state of locking shall

be visible to the slinger

5.2.6.3 Structure

5.2.6.3.1 If the lifting beam is intended to tilt, the manufacturer shall indicate the maximum permissible angle of tilt from the horizontal If the lifting beam is intended for horizontal use, the design shall tolerate a tilt

of up to 6° from the horizontal

5.2.6.3.2 Moving parts of the structure shall have devices to hold them in position when loaded These devices shall be effective up to 6° from the maximum tilting angle permitted for the lifting beam If these devices operate on a friction basis the safety factor shall be at least 2

5.2.6.3.3 If free movement presents a hazard, lifting beams fitted with a rotation or tilting mechanism shall

be equipped with a device to stop movement and to immobilise the load in its intended position

5.2.6.3.4 When the spacing between moving parts of the beam is controlled by a power source, protection devices shall be provided to avoid crushing and shearing hazards as specified in EN 349: 1993

The following minimum safety ranges are required:

a) for a minimum thickness less than or equal to 50 mm: 10 % of the minimum thickness;

b) for a minimum thickness between 50 and 100 mm: 5 mm of the minimum thickness;

c) for a minimum thickness more than 100 mm: 5 % of the minimum thickness

NOTE Due to the wide variety of applications for clamps, it is impossible to specify a safety range which is suitable for all The above ranges should therefore be treated with caution and increased as appropriate to the application

5.2.7.3 In the case of clamps holding by friction, the clamping mechanism shall be designed to ensure that the clamping force will be maintained in case of deformation of the load(e.g surface crushing and elastic and plastic deformation)

NOTE This can be achieved by, for example, a scissor mechanism activated by gravity or by a pressure compensation device (e.g springs, hydraulic accumulators) etc

Clamps holding the load hydraulically or pneumatically shall be fitted with a device to compensate for any pressure drop below working pressure If it is not possible to maintain the requirement of clause 5.2.7.1 an acoustic or optical warning signal shall be automatically activated

5.2.7.4 For clamps which are not self closing the releasing of the load shall be actuated by a two action control

This is not necessary, if the release of the load is not possible until the load has not been put down or in no-go areas

5.2.7.5 Clamps to be used in a building area shall have a positive holding device or a secondary positive holding device (e.g slings, net, cage)

The positive holding device or secondary positive holding device shall prevent the release of the complete load or any loose parts of the load

For handling loose materials (e.g bricks and tiles) the positive holding device or secondary positive holding device (e.g nets or cages) shall not have side and bottom openings of more than 50 mm2

NOTE It is recommended that the secondary positive holding device is automatically activated

5.2.7.6 For handling loose materials (e.g bricks and tiles) the positive holding device or secondary positive holding device (e.g nets or cages) shall be capable of holding a uniformly distributed load equal to 50% of the WLL in all four horizontal directions and 200% of the WLL in the vertical direction

5.2.7.7 The requirements of 5.2.7.5 and 5.2.7.6 shall not apply, if the clamp is intended to be used only to lift the lowest part of the clamp to a height less than 1.8 m and is either:

 for moving single bricks or building components with a weight less than 50 kg or,

 for unloading lorries to the ground

6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or measures

Conformity to each safety requirement and/or measure (given in clause 5 and 7) shall be verified by the methods specified in table 8 and detailed in annexes A to G

For single unit designed and produced products, type verification and individual verification shall be done For series produced product type verification shall be done on one or more representative product of the series and the individual verification shall be done on each product produced

Table 8 — Methods to be used to verify conformity with the safety requirements and/or measures

number Type verification Individual verification

Preventing unintentional release

Equipment Requirement Verification Method

verification Individual verification

verification

Individual verification

D.4 Safety device preventing switched

Equipment Requirement Verification Method

verification Individual verification

D.4

D.3 and D.4

verification Individual verification

Equipment Requirement Verification Method

Verification Individual verification

Verification Individual verification

Verification Individual verification

Strength of secondary holding device

Equipment Requirement Verification Method

verification

Individual verification

Securing the load to the lifting beams

Securing moving parts of the

Securing tilting and rotation mechanism

verification Individual verification

Strength of secondary holding devices

7 Information for use

e) determination of the operating range;

f) instructions for operation and use;

g) fitting, securing, coupling/uncoupling and adjustment of the equipment on the crane;

h) handling and storage of equipment;

i) stability (where applicable);

j) the range of temperature within which the attachment can be operated;

k) restriction for operation in special atmospheres (e.g high humidity, explosive, saline, acid, alkaline);

NOTE Chains slings in accordance with EN 818-4 are not recommended for use in pickling baths due to the danger

of hydrogen embrittlement

l) restriction for handling dangerous goods (e.g molten masses, radioactive materials);

m) where appropriate, prohibition of handling above persons;

n) specific training of operators, if necessary

7.1.2 Specific information

In addition to the above general information, the manufacturer shall provide specific information on the

following:

7.1.2.1 Plate clamps

a) vertical lifting for one part at a time;

b) turning plates over when on the ground;

c) operation of the safety locking device;

d) surface condition (grease, paint or coating) of the part to be handled;

e) clamping ranges to be observed;

f) surface hardness of parts to be handled;

g) measures to prevent unintentional release of the load due to the weight of the crane hook, bottom block or connections acting on the clamp (e.g short length of chain);

h) !the importance of the WLL min."

7.1.2.2 Vacuum lifters

a) checking of the vacuum level;

b) measures to be taken as soon as the warnings are actuated;

c) checking of the condition of the vacuum connections and hoses;

d) checking of the condition of the suction pads;

e) holding time in case of power failure;

f) intended ambient maximum noise level up to which warning devices are effective

7.1.2.3 Battery and mains-fed lifting magnets

a) safety measures to be taken as soon as the warnings are activated;

b) checking of the condition of cables;

c) guidance for the maintenance and checking of the state of charge and capacity of battery;

d) holding time in case of power failure (if applicable);

e) intended ambient maximum noise level up to which warning devices are effective

7.1.2.4 C-hooks and lifting forks

a) checking the suitability of the load;

b) required load range and position of the load’s centre of gravity to prevent the load from sliding;

c) when using lifting forks in building areas, a check that the secondary positive holding device is in its place

7.1.2.5 Lifting beams

a) the lifting beam’s manufacturer shall provide information in the instruction handbook about the methods of attaching the load, to enable the user to ensure that the combined lifting beam and load will be stable when lifted

The information shall identify the centre of rotation of the lifting beam to the crane, the centre of rotation of the suspension points to the load, and the vertical distance between them This is illustrated

schematically in Figure 9 in one plane only, together with similar illustrations for the centre of rotation of the suspension points to the load and the vertical distance to the centre of gravity

NOTE An object with a narrow base and a high centre of gravity will need less force to topple it than one with a wide base and a low centre of gravity As the height of the centre of gravity increases relative to the width of the base, a point will be reached where the object will fall over unless it is supported by external means At this point, the object

is regarded as being unstable and the greater the support required the more unstable it is A similar situation exists with a suspended load Forces which try to topple the load will inevitably be present (e.g wind, acceleration, braking)

It is important therefore, when slinging a load, to ensure that it is sufficiently stable to resist these toppling forces A load will be inherently stable if the lifting sling is attached above the centre of gravity and properly disposed around it

In Figure 9, Lifting beam 1 has a positive stability height, and Lifting beam 2 has a negative stability height Load 1 has a positive stability height, and Load 2 has a negative stability height For stability of the combined lifting beam and load, the total stability height shall be positive Although illustrated in one plane only, this shall apply to each horizontal axis of rotation The result of each combination is as follows:

Lifting beam 1 + Load 1: will always be stable

Lifting beam 1 + Load 2: will be stable if A>D*

Lifting beam 2 + Load 1: will be stable if C>B

Lifting beam 2 + Load 2: will always be unstable

The load shall be supported in more than one vertical plane to be stable in both horizontal axes

b) Maximum tilting angle permitted for the lifting beams

⊕ denotes centre of gravity

• denotes centre of rotation

Figure 9 — Centres of rotation of a load and lifting beam

7.1.2.6 Clamps

a) surface condition (grease, paint or coating) of the part to be handled;

b) clamping ranges to be observed;

c) surface hardness of parts to be handled;

d) measures to prevent unintentional release of the load due to the weight of the crane hook, bottom block

or connections acting on the clamp (e.g short length of chain)

7.1.3 Guidance for maintenance

The manufacturer shall provide sufficient information to ensure the proper maintenance of the attachment, to include:

a) instructions for periodic maintenance;

b) instructions for repair;

c) precautions to be taken during repairs;

d) use of original spare parts;

e) maintenance records, if necessary;

f) list of parts requiring particular operation and checking;

g) use of special lubricants

7.1.4 Verifications and inspections

The manufacturer shall indicate the inspections and verifications that are necessary:

a) before commissioning;

b) after repair or recoupling;

c) during the equipment service life

The manufacturer shall also include:

1) list of the parts which require special operation and checking;

2) defects to look for