Bsi bs en 02155 12 1997 (2000)

BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIES BS EN 2155 12 1997 Test methods for transparent materials for aircraft glazing — Part 12 Determination of linear thermal expansion The European Standard EN 2155 12 19[.]

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ICS 4 0 5.9 ; 4 0 5

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Sum mary of pag es

This document comprises a font cov er, an inside f ont cov er, p g es i and i,

theEN title p g e, p g es 2 to 5 and a b ck cov er

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Pag e

NORME EUROPÉENNE

July 19 7

ICS 4 0 5.4

Des riptor : Air raft in ustry, g lazing , materials,transp rency,plastic ,tests,determination, thermal pro erties, thermal e p nsion

Eng lish ver ion

Série aérosp tiale — Méthodes d’es ais pour

matériaux transparents pour vitrag es

aéronautiques — Partie 1 : Détermination de

la diatation thermique lnéaire

Luft- und Raumfahrt — Prüfver ahren für

transp rente W erkstofe zur Verg lasung von

Luftfahr eug en — Tei 1 : Bestimmung der

l nearen W ärmeausdehnung

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Ref No EN 2 5 -1 :19 7 E

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UnitedKing dom

Contents

Pag e

Fig ure 1 — Quartz-tube diatometer 5

1 Scope

This stand rd specifies the method to determine the

rev er ible lnear thermal ex ansion of plastic with

exclusion of chang es in leng th due to ac idental

factor such as chang es in moisture content, deg re

of poly merization and stres release Since it wi

not be pos ible to exclude al these ac idental

factor , the method can be ex ected to g iv e only

a proximate v alues

2 Definition

For the purposes of this stand rd, the folowing

definition a pl es:

Linear thermal ex ansion is defined as the chang e

in leng th of a material in relation to u it leng th for

a v ariation in temperature of 1 °C

3.1 Dil a tometer

A simple fused-quartz tube diatometer is shown in

Fig ure 1 Any g eneraly ac epted method of

measuring thermal ex ansion ma be used which

wi l be ac urate to within ± 10% The ac uracy of

the dev ice which measures the ex ansion shal be

such that it measures the chang e in leng th ov er the

temperature interv al u der consideration

within ± 2 %

This dev ice shal not exert a stres of more

than 5 kPa on this specimen which shal not be

distorted or indented

3.2 Sca l e o ca l iper

The s ale or calper shal be ca a le of measuring

the test leng th of the specimen with an ac uracy

of±0,5%

3.3 Tempera ture ba th

The temperature of the specimen shal prefera ly be

controled b the use of a lquid b th The b th shal

be ar ang ed in such a wa that u iform

temperature throug hout the specimen is secured

Means shal be prov ided for stir ing the b th and for

control ng its temperature within ± 0,2 °C of the

temperatures used

4 Specim ens

4.1 Preparation

Specimens shal be cut or sha ed, f om she t The

ends of the specimen shal be cut perpendicular to

the a is of the specimen.They shal be protected b

means of thin ste l plates cemented to them

4.2 Dim ensions

For the a p ratus shown in Fig ure 1, specimens can

be rou d or square and shal fit easi y into the outer

tube without exces iv e pla The leng th of the

specimen ma be 5 mm to 10 mm but its leng th is

g ov erned to some ex tent b the sensitiv ity of the dial

g aug e, the ex ected ex ansion and the desired

ac uracy

5 Conditioning

The specimen shal be conditioned

at ( 23 ± 2) °C, ( 50 ± 5)% relativ e h midity for at

least 4 h prior to measurement of the test leng th of

the specimen u der these conditions

6 Procedure

The temperature range over which the co ficient of

thermal ex ansion is to be measured shal be chosen

so that no transitional reg ions are included

The l mits of the rang e shal be ag re d betwe n

pur haser and manufacturer

6.1 Low temperature

Mou t the specimen in the a p ratus and maintain

the temperature of the b th at the lowest

temperature at which measurements are required

u ti the temperature of the specimen reaches the

temperature of the b th The time neces ary shal

be determined b prelminary measurements of

temperature inside a simiar specimen Record the

rea ing of the dial g aug e or other dev ice indicating

chang e in leng th

6.2 Hig h tem perature

Repeat the foreg oing operations at the hig hest

temperature at which measurements are required

6.3 Che k determ ination

Repeat the operations des ribed in 6.1 and 6.2 I

the chang es in leng th caused b heating and co lng

do not ag re within 10% of their av erag e, the cause

of this dis rep ncy shal be inv estig ated and if

pos ible, elminated ( se 6.5) Otherwise the

observ ations shal be reported, se 8.3

6.4 Constant temperature bath

W here the construction of the a p ratus permits, it

ma be more conv enient to alternately use two

b ths at the required temperatures Care shal be

taken not to disturb the a p ratus during exchang e

The use of two b ths is prefer ed because it wi l

reduce the time required to bring the specimen to

the desired temperature The test in g eneral shal

be conducted in as short a time as pos ible to av oid

chang es in phy sical properties during long ex osure

to high and low temperatures

6.5 Transition tem perature

The co ficient of thermal ex pansion of some

materials is k own to chang e rather a ruptly at a

certain temperature To find this temperature, it is

neces ary to measure the co ficient of thermal

ex ansion in nar ow temperature l mits, or to

observ e the rate of ex ansion during a stea y rise in

temperature of the specimen Once such a transition

point has be n fou d, a sep rate co ficient of

ex ansion for a temperature rang e below and a ov e

the transition point shal be determined

7 Expres ion ofresults

The av erag e co ficient of thermal ex ansion shal

be calculated fom the formula:

Co ficient of l near thermal ex ansion =

where:

8 Test report

It shal include:

8.1 Temperatures betwe n which the co ficient of

thermal ex ansion has be n computed

8.2 Av erag e co ficient of lnear thermal ex ansion

per °C

8.3 Complete des ription of any u usual behav iour

such as, for instance, a diference of more than 10%

in measured v alues of ex ansion and contraction

% L is the av erag e of chang es in leng th due to

heating or co lng ;

L is the test leng th of specimens immediately

after the conditioning stag e ( %L and L

being in the same u its);

T is the temperature diference in °C ov er

which the chang e in leng th has be n

measured

%L

L T

Fig ure 1 — Quartz- tube di atom eter

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