!EN ISO 13849-2:2008", Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 2: Validation ISO 13849-2:2003 #EN ISO 13850:2008$, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Pr
General
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in #EN ISO 12100:2010$ and the following apply.
Definitions
The single spindle vertical moulding machine is a hand-fed device equipped with a fixed or removable vertical spindle, which remains stationary during machining It features a horizontal table, partially or fully fixed during operation, with the spindle passing through it and the drive motor located beneath This machine may include several functionalities, such as vertical spindle adjustment, spindle tilting, the option to add a manually operated tenoning sliding table, glass bead recovery capabilities, and an adjustable table insert.
Straight work involves shaping a workpiece that has one face in contact with the table and another face against the fence The process begins at one end of the workpiece and continues through to the opposite end, as illustrated in Figure 1.
Figure 1 — Example of straight work
Curved work machining involves shaping a workpiece by ensuring one side is in contact with the table, or when secured in a jig, the jig itself is in contact with the table The opposite side of the workpiece is aligned with a vertical reference, such as a steady or a ball ring guide, particularly when utilizing a jig for precision.
Figure 2 — Example of curved work
3.2.4 tenoning machining of projections and slots on the end of a work-piece to facilitate the joining of work-pieces This includes profiled tenons (see Figure 3)
Figure 3 — Example of workpiece with tenon/slot
3.2.5 stopped straight work machining of only a part of the work-piece length (see Figure 4)
1 end stop to prevent kickback
Figure 4 — Example of stopped straight work
3.2.6 glass bead saw unit work unit fitted with a saw-blade to cut out a glass bead from the machined profile of the work-piece (e.g see Figure 5)
5 guiding channel for glass bead ledge
Figure 5 — Example of glass bead recovery unit
Hand feeding involves the manual holding and guiding of a workpiece during operation This process may utilize a hand-operated carriage for placing or clamping the workpiece, as well as a detachable power feed unit to assist in the feeding process.
3.2.8 de-mountable power feed unit power feed mechanism which is mounted on the machine so that it can be moved from its working position to
3.2.9 speed range range between the lowest and the highest rotational speed for which the tool spindle or tool is designed to operate
3.2.10 kickback particular form of ejection describing the uncontrolled movement of the work-piece, parts of it or parts of the machine opposite to the direction of feed during processing
3.2.11 anti-kickback device device which either reduces the possibility of kickback or arrests the motion during kickback of the work-piece, parts of it or parts of the machine
3.2.12 removable spindle tool spindle capable of being changed without removing the main spindle bearings
3.2.13 machine actuator power mechanism used to effect motion of the machine
Supplier information includes statements, sales literature, leaflets, and other documents where a manufacturer or supplier specifies the characteristics of a material or product, as well as its compliance with relevant standards.
3.2.15 run-up time elapsed time from the actuation of the start control device until the spindle reaches the selected speed
3.2.16 run-down time elapsed time from the actuation of the stop control device to spindle stand still
3.2.17 stationary machine machine designed to be located on or fixed to the floor or other parts of the structure of the premises and to be stationary during use
3.2.18 displaceable machine machine which is located on the floor, stationary during use and equipped with a device, normally wheels, which allows it to be moved between locations
#software that is part of the system supplied by the control manufacturer and which is not accessible for modification by the user of the machinery$
NOTE 1 Firmware or system software are examples of embedded software #(EN ISO 13849-1:2008, 3.1.37)$ NOTE 2 Manufacturer means manufacturer of the system
NOTE 3 For example the operating system of a speed monitoring device
Software tailored for specific applications, developed by the machine manufacturer, typically includes logic sequences, limits, and expressions that govern the necessary inputs, outputs, calculations, and decisions to fulfill SRP/CS requirements.
#3.2.21 safety related part of a control system (SRP(CS)) part or subpart(s) of a control system that responds to input signals and generates safety-related output signals
The safety-related components of a control system begin with the initiation of safety signals, such as those from the actuating cam and position switch roller, and conclude at the output of power control elements, including the main contacts of the contactor.
NOTE 2 If monitoring systems are used for diagnostics, they are also considered as SRP/CS
3.2.22 performance level PL discrete level used to specify the ability of safety-related parts of control systems to perform a safety function under foreseeable conditions
Terminology
The main parts of the machine and their terminology are shown in Table 1 and Figures 6 a), 6 b), 6 c) and
Figure 6 a) — Example of a single spindle vertical moulding machine equipped for straight work
Figure 6 b) — Example of a single spindle vertical moulding machine equipped for curved work
Figure 6 c) — Example of tool safeguarding for a single spindle vertical moulding machine equipped for tenoning ####with transparent adjustable guard and adjustable guards mounted on the sliding table$$ $$
3 device to adjust 1 and to guide 2$
#Figure 7$$$$ — Example of tool safeguarding for a single spindle vertical moulding machine equipped for tenoning ####with transparent adjustable guard and transparent self adjusting guard$$$$
Table 1 — Main components of single spindle vertical moulding machines
10 Chip and dust extraction outlet
17 De-mountable power feed unit
This clause contains !all significant" hazards, hazardous situations and events (see
The EN ISO 12100:2010 standard identifies significant hazards associated with machines through risk assessment, necessitating actions to eliminate or mitigate these risks This document addresses these critical hazards by outlining safety requirements and measures, or by referencing applicable standards.
#These hazards are listed in Table 2.$
##Table 2 — List of significant hazards (continued)
No Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events EN ISO 12100:2010 Relevant clauses of this document
- machine parts or work piece due to: a) shape 6.2.2.1, 6.2.2.2, 6.3 5.3.3, 5.3.5,
5.3.6 c) mass and stability (potential energy of elements which may move under the effect of gravity)
5.3.1, 5.3.7 d) mass and velocity (kinetic energy of elements in controlled or uncontrolled motion)
- accumulation of energy inside the machine by: f) elastic elements (springs), or 6.2.10, 6.3.5.4 5.3.7 g) liquids or gases under pressure 5.2.9, 5.4.6,
Table 2 — List of significant hazards (continued)
Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events EN ISO 12100:2010
Relevant clauses of this document
1.5 Drawing in or trapping hazard 5.3.7
2.1 Contact of persons with live parts
2.2 Contact of persons with parts which have become live under faulty conditions ( indirect contact)
4 Hazards generated by noise, resulting in:
4.1 Hearing loss (deafness), other physiological disorders (loss of balance, loss or awareness)
7 Hazards generated by materials and substances ( and their constituent)processed, or used by the machinery:
7.1 Hazards from contact with or inhalation of harmful fluids and dusts
8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machine design as:
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive efforts 6.2.7, 6.2.8, 6.2.11.12,
6.3.5.5, 6.3.5.6 5.2.2, 5.3.7 8.2 Hand/arm or foot/leg anatomy 6.2.8.3 5.3.6, 5.3.7
Table 2 — List of significant hazards (continued)
Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events EN ISO 12100:2010
Relevant clauses of this document
8.7 Design, location or identification of manual controls 6.2.8.f, 6.2.11.8 5.2.2
10 Unexpected start-up, unexpected overrun/overspeed (or any similar malfunction) from
10.1 Failure/ disorder of the control system 6.2.11, 6.3.5.4 5.2.6, 5.2.9
10.2 Uncontrolled restoration of energy supply after an interruption 6.2.11.4 5.2.8
10.3 External influences on electrical equipment
10.6 Errors made by the operator (due to mismatch of machinery with human characteristics and abilities, see 8.6)
11 Impossibility of stopping the machine in the best possible conditions
12 Variation in the rotational speed of tools 6.2.2.2, 6.2.3 5.2.7
13 Failure of the power supply 6.2.11.1, 6.2.11.4 5.2.8
14 Failure of the control circuit 6.2.11, 6.3.5.4 5.2.9, 5.2.10
17 Falling or ejected objects or fluids 6.2.3, 6.2.10 5.3.2, 5.3.3,
18 Loss of stability/overturning of machinery 6.3.2.6 5.3.1
5 Safety requirements and/or measures
General
The machine shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of Clause 5
#In addition, the machine should be designed in accordance with the requirements of the principles of
EN ISO 12100:2010 for hazards relevant but not significant, which are not dealt with by this document (e.g sharp edges of the machine frame)
For guidance in connection with risk reduction by design see EN ISO 12100:2010, 6.2 and for safeguarding measures see EN ISO 12100:2010, 6.3.$
Controls
Safety and reliability of control systems
The safety-related parts of a control system encompass all components from the initial device, such as actuators, position detectors, or sensors, to the power control element of the final machine actuator, including motors or brakes These components must meet the requirements of Performance Level (PL) as specified in EN ISO 13849-1:2008, ensuring they fulfill essential safety functions.
for starting the rotation of the tool spindle: category 1 (see 5.2.3);
for normal stopping: #PL=c$ (see 5.2.4);
for emergency stopping: #PL=c$ (see 5.2.5);
for tool spindle, fence, adjustable table insert adjustments movements if power driven: #PL=b$ (see 5.2.8.1, 5.2.8.2);
for #tool spindle speed control$: #PL=c$ (see 5.2.7);
for #initiation of$ power driven adjustments: #PL=c$ (see 5.2.8.1, 5.2.8.2);
for interlocking: #PL=c$ (see 5.2.7 #deleted text$);
for mode selection: #PL=c$ (see 5.2.6);
for braking: #PL=b or PL=c$ (see 5.3.4.1);
for brake release: #PL=c$ (see 5.3.4.2);
for workpiece clamping: #PL=c$ (see 5.3.8)
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams and inspection of the machine
Protective devices shall be in accordance with the specific standards For the devices listed below the following requirements apply:
# a) magnetic/proximity switches shall be in accordance with the requirements of EN 1088:1995+A2:2008, 6.2 and the related control system shall conform at least to PL=c in accordance with the requirements of
EN ISO 13849-1:2008; b) time delay shall be at least PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008.$
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine
NOTE For the components characteristics, confirmation from the components' manufacturers can be useful
Position of controls
The primary electrical control actuators for starting, normal stopping, emergency stopping, spindle adjustment, direction of rotation, and mode selection must be strategically positioned to ensure optimal functionality and safety.
For stationary and movable machines, whether they feature a projecting sliding table or an integral sliding table, safety measures must be implemented at the operator's position(s) and below the table Specifically, the controls should be positioned at least 50 mm from the table top and more than 600 mm above the floor, as illustrated in Figure 8 Additionally, controls can be located on the front side of a fixed control panel within the shaded area of Figure 8.
1) its front face is at a distance from the front edge of the table not exceeding 700 mm;
2) its upper surface is at a distance from the floor level not exceeding 1 800 mm
Mechanical controls shall be reachable from the operator's position and not be located at the rear side of the machine
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, measurements, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine.
Starting
The control system must ensure that the tool spindle can only be started or restarted when all interlocked guard systems are properly installed and operational, as outlined in section 5.3.7 For guards that are not interlocked, refer to section 6.3 k) for guidelines on tool spindle and guide adjustments prior to starting.
Start or restart shall only be possible by actuation of the start control device provided for that purpose
When equipped with a power feed unit and/or a glass bead saw unit, the following conditions must be met: The power feed unit can only be activated if the tool spindle and the glass bead saw unit's saw blade are operational, or if the tool spindle is running while the glass bead saw unit is either retracted or removed.
When a glass bead saw unit includes features such as a powered adjustment for the fence or an adjustable table insert, it is essential to adhere to the requirements outlined in sections 5.2.8, 5.3.3.4, and 5.3.6 regarding the operation of the saw blade.
For electrically operated machines the requirements of 9.2.5.2 of EN 60204-1:2006 apply but 9.2.4 of
The safety related part of the control system for starting the rotation of the spindle shall #conform at least to PL=c$ in accordance with the requirements of !EN ISO 13849-1:2008"
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine.
Normal stopping
A stop control must be installed to ensure that the machine, along with any detachable power feed unit or glass bead saw unit, can be safely brought to a complete halt This stopping mechanism should also disconnect all actuators from the energy supply.
#For normal stopping of PDS(SR) (power drive system, safety related) see 4.2.2.2 "safe torque off (STO)” and 4.2.2.3 “safe stop 1 (SS1)” of EN 61800-5-2:2007.$
The standard stopping procedure involves several key steps: first, disconnect power to the socket connected to the de-mountable power feed unit, spindle positioning actuators, and spindle drive motor, while also engaging the brake if applicable; second, once the spindle has come to a complete stop, cut power to the electrical brake, utilizing a time delay as specified in section 5.2.1.2 b).
The machine shall stop directly from each speed
If the machine is fitted with a spring operated mechanical brake, the normal stop control system shall conform to category 0 in accordance with the requirements of 9.2.2 of EN 60204-1:2006
Machines equipped with alternative brake types, such as electrical brakes, must ensure that their standard stop control systems meet category 1 requirements as specified in section 9.2.2 of EN 60204-1:2006.
The safety related part of the control system for normal stopping shall #conform at least to PL=c$ in accordance with the requirements of !EN ISO 13849-1:2008"
Machines equipped with a side tenoning sliding table or a front extension table must include an additional normal stop control if only a normal stop is present Alternatively, if the machine has an emergency stop control, it should be fitted with an additional emergency stop control In both scenarios, the control device must be appropriately positioned.
#sliding$ table or its support
The control systems must be designed to ensure compliance with the normal stopping sequence If a time delay device is implemented, it should have a duration that is at least equal to the maximum braked run-down time Additionally, the time delay must either be fixed or have its adjustment mechanism sealed.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine, and functional testing of the machine.
Emergency stop
Machines equipped with multiple actuators must include an emergency stop control that is self-latching This control, when activated, will cut power to all actuators except for those involved in workpiece clamping and will engage the brake if available, in compliance with EN 60204-1:2006 standards.
#For emergency stop of PDS(SR) see 4.2.2.2 "safe torque off (STO)” and 4.2.2.3 “safe stop 1 (SS1)” of
For machines equipped with a spring-operated mechanical brake, the emergency stop control system must meet category 0 standards as specified in section 9.2.5.4.2 of EN 60204-1:2006 and section 4.1.4 of EN ISO 13850:2008.
If a machine is equipped with an electrical brake or a power-operated clamping device, the emergency stop control system must meet category 1 standards as specified in section 9.2.5.4.2 of EN 60204-1:2006 and also adhere to category 1 requirements outlined in section 4.1.4.
The emergency stop sequence shall be: a) cut power at the same time:
to the demountable power feed unit if provided e.g by cutting power to the socket for the connection of a demountable power feed unit;
to the spindle positioning actuators;
to the spindle drive motor;
To ensure safety, apply the brake where applicable and cut power to the electrical brake after the spindle has stopped, utilizing a time delay as specified in section 5.2.1.2 b).
The emergency stop shall not cause the work-piece to become un-clamped unless the tenoning
#sliding$ table is in the rest position or the spindle drive motor has come to a safe stop
The safety related part of the control system for emergency stop shall #conform at least to PL=c$ in accordance with the requirements of !EN ISO 13849-1:2008"
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuits diagrams, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine.
Mode selection
Machines that can be adjusted through manual or electronic pre-set control must include a mode selection switch, as specified in section 9.2.3 of EN 60204-1:2006 This switch allows users to choose between manual and electronic pre-set modes Alternatively, an initiation device, such as a push button, should be available to enable the machine's movements, in accordance with sections 5.2.8, 5.3.3.4, and 5.3.6.
The mode selection switch shall be in accordance with the following requirements: a) its control system shall override all other control systems except the emergency stop; b) it shall be lockable e.g
1) by a key-operated switch, or
2) via limited access to related numerically controlled functions by means of a password; c) changing the mode shall not initiate any movement of the machine
The safety related part of the control system for mode selection shall #conform at least to PL=c$ in accordance with the requirements of !EN ISO 13849-1:2008"
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuits diagrams, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machines.
Speed changing
On machines with more than one spindle speed, the selected spindle speed !shall be visible or indicated" at the work station
On machines with varying the tool spindle speed by changing the belts on the pulleys the control system for tool spindle speed #indication$ shall conform to the following requirements:
#it shall conform at least to PL=b in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008 if using electromechanical means, or$
if one sensor per belt position is used only one belt position shall be #indicated$ at any one time or an error shall be indicated
Machines equipped with a control device for infinitely variable tool spindle speeds, such as a static frequency inverter, must ensure that the actual speed does not exceed the selected speed by more than 10% The control system's safety-related components for speed regulation must meet at least Performance Level c, as specified in EN ISO 13849-1:2008 Continuous comparison of the actual spindle speed with the selected speed is essential, utilizing a processor with an external watchdog function If the actual speed surpasses the selected speed by over 10%, the tool spindle motor must automatically stop, adhering to category 0 safety requirements.
The EN 60204-1:2006 standard mandates specific measures to prevent data loss or falsification This includes implementing safeguards to protect the stored data related to tools and selected speeds within the machine control system, especially when such data is crucial for the automatic selection of the appropriate tool spindle speed.
1) the safety related data for the machine tools shall be stored either in 2 independent memory chips or stored two times in one single chip (one time inverse);
2) after input of the safety related data for the tools the data shall be confirmed by the operator;
3) the two data shall be compared automatically at each switching on of the isolator and at each fetch of the data If the two data are not identical it shall be impossible to start the spindle drive motor or if running the spindle drive motor shall be stopped and a warning signal shall be given;
4) for monitoring of failures the processor comparing the data shall #have a watch dog function$; b) measures against falsification in data transfer between manual control, data stored in the machine control, display for the data and control of the inverter:
1) the selected tool spindle speed shall be stored in the control system for the speed change #or in the unit which monitors the actual speed$;
2) the selected tool spindle speed transmitted to the control of the inverter #or in the unit which monitors the actual speed$ shall be read back and monitored on the display for checking by the operator In case where the speed signals differ the start-up of the tool spindle shall be prevented
#Machines designed to be used with shank mounted tools with shank diameters not exceeding 20 mm can have a possible spindle speed exceeding 15 000 min -1 $
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuits diagrams, inspection of the machine and relevant functional testing of the machine
5.2.7.2 Speed limiting device for tenoning
Machines equipped with a sliding table for tenoning, capable of spindle speeds exceeding 4,800 min⁻¹, must include a speed limiting device This device ensures that the spindle does not exceed 4,800 min⁻¹ when using tooling with a diameter greater than 275 mm The implementation of this safety feature can be accomplished by interlocking the guarding system with the tool spindle drive.
The safety aspect of the control system for interlocking the guarding system and speed limiting device must meet a minimum performance level of PL=c, as specified by EN ISO 13849-1:2008.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine.
Adjustments control
5.2.8.1 Power driven adjustments under hold-to-run control
For manual adjustments of spindle height and/or inclination the requirements of 5.3.3.4 apply
For manual adjustments of fence the requirements of 5.3.6.2.2 apply
For manual adjustments of the adjustable table insert the requirements of 5.3.6.1.2.2 apply
Adjustable components such as the fence, table insert, and tool spindle must allow for power-driven adjustments controlled by a hold-to-run device Each adjustment should be executed one movement at a time, with a nearby stop control, adhering to the principles outlined in section 6.2.11.8 b) of EN ISO 12100:2010 Additionally, the safety-related control system for each movement speed must meet at least Performance Level b (PL=b) as specified in EN ISO 13849-1:2008 The maximum adjustment speed is limited to 10 mm/s or 5°/s.
The safety related part of the control system for initiating and stopping of any movement shall conform at least to PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008
At the conclusion of hold-to-run movements, power is disconnected from the relevant machine actuators A time delay device, in accordance with section 5.2.1.2 b), may be employed to cut power, with the delay set to a specified maximum adjustment time This time delay can either be fixed or the adjustment device must be sealed If the predefined maximum adjustment time is surpassed, a new initiation will be required for any further adjustments.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and or circuit diagrams, measures, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine
Automatic power driven adjustments of:
1) the tool spindle not rotating for inclination adjustment and/or
2) the tool spindle rotating for vertical adjustment and/or
4) the adjustable table insert may be provided where: a) only two simultaneous movements at a time are possible; b) the maximum adjustment speed is 10 mm s -1 or 5° s -1 ;
The machine is equipped with a collision detection system that monitors interactions between the tool and other machine components The control circuits for this detection system must meet at least PL=b standards as specified in the relevant requirements.
EN ISO 13849-1:2008 Collision shall be prevented in one of the following ways:
1) a distance of min 5 mm between edges of the tool and parts of the machine is kept during adjustment and after stopping adjustment The control circuits for adjustment shall be at least PL=b in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008 Adjustment to smaller distances than
The hold-to-run control for movements shall be limited to 5 mm, with a maximum speed of 1 mm/s or 0.5°/s, adhering to control circuit standards in PL=c as specified by EN ISO 13849-1:2008 Refer to section 5.2.8.1 for further details.
2) the spindle when tilting shall not rotate Spindle rotation shall be interlocked with power driven adjustment in at least PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008 Collision forces shall be limited to max 150 N The control circuits for limiting the forces shall be at least PL=b in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008; or
3) the spindle when tilting shall not rotate Spindle rotation shall be interlocked with power driven adjustment in at least PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008 If collision of the tool with other parts of the machine is detected the adjustment movement shall be stopped A warning shall be given to the operator to check the tool for damages
Any component of the machine that may come into contact with the tool, regardless of its position (such as adjustable table inserts, fence plates, or table rings), must be constructed from chipable materials like wood, plastic, or light alloys Prior to initiating movement, a warning about potential tool collisions with machine parts must be issued, and operator confirmation is necessary.
Automatic adjustments can only begin after activating a control device, such as a push button, which must meet at least Performance Level c (PL=c) as per EN ISO 13849-1:2008 Once the programmed movement is complete, power to the machine actuators is cut off, potentially using a time delay device that aligns with the maximum adjustment time This time delay must either be fixed or have a sealed adjustment mechanism, requiring a new initiation for any further adjustments Additionally, power-driven inclination adjustments are interlocked with the spindle rotation power supply, ensuring that the safety-related control system also meets the PL=c standard according to EN ISO 13849-1:2008.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and or circuit diagrams, measures, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine.
Failure of the power supply
To prevent automatic restart of electrically driven machines after a supply interruption, it is essential to adhere to the requirements outlined in paragraphs 1 to 3 of section 7.5.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and functional test of the machine.
Failure of the control circuits
The requirements of Clause 6 of #EN 1037:1995+A1:2008$ apply and in addition:
Control circuits must be designed to ensure that any circuit break, such as a broken wire or ruptured pipe, does not compromise safety functions This includes preventing involuntary machine starts, tool or saw blade unclamping, and loss of workpiece clamping, in compliance with EN 60204-1:2006 and EN ISO 4414:2010 For further details, refer to section 5.2.1.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and functional test of the machine.
Protection against mechanical hazards
Stability
Machines and auxiliary equipment must include a means for securing them to a stable structure, such as the floor or a bench, which can be achieved by incorporating holes in the machine frame or providing appropriate fixing devices.
Displaceable machines equipped with wheels must include mechanisms to ensure stability during cutting operations These mechanisms can include wheel brakes, a combination of wheels and stabilizers, or a device that allows the wheels to be retracted from the floor.
Displaceable machines shall be subject of the stability test
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings or inspection on the machine and performing the stability test described in Annex C.
Hazard of break-up during operation
In order to minimise the probability of break-up during operation the requirements of 5.3.3 apply and to reduce the effect of break-up during operation the requirement of 5.3.7.3 apply
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings.
Tool holder and tool design
The tool spindle shall be manufactured in accordance with G10 and G11 of ISO 7009:1983
The tool spindle shall be designed so as to prevent mounting of cutter blades
Verification involves examining the appropriate drawings, inspecting the machine, and taking measurements For machines that utilize shank mounted tools, measurements G10 and G11 as specified in ISO 7009:1993 must be conducted on the clamped shank of the tool.
The tool spindle shall be manufactured in steel with an ultimate tensile strength of at least 580 N mm -2
The choice of the spindle speed shall meet the requirements of Annex A
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, tensile strength, measurement, inspection on the machine
NOTE For the ultimate tensile strength, confirmation from the manufacturer of the material can be useful
5.3.3.3 Dimensions for spindles and tools
Tools shall comply to #EN 847-1:2005+A1:2007" and /or EN 847-2:2001 #when their cutting circle diameter is greater than or equal to 16 mm$
Acceptable dimensions for spindles and tools are given in Table 3
Spindle diameter d Maximum useable length Maximum tool diameter d1 g6 of spindle from the shoulder l1
(that can be mounted in the guard)
Single Removable Shaping Tenoning piece spindle spindle
50 220 160 275 400 a Values given for d1 = 20 mm are also valid for spindle diameters larger than
20 mm and smaller than 30 mm. b Values given for d1 = 30 mm are also valid for spindle diameters larger than
30 mm and smaller than 40 mm. c Values given for d1 = 40 mm are also valid for spindle diameters larger than
40 mm and smaller than 50 mm
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and measurement
Machines with manually adjustable tool spindles, whether rotating or not, must feature a self-locking adjustment system Additionally, these machines should include an indicator to display the incremental vertical movement of the spindle.
With the tool spindle set in a vertical position, and a force of 300 N applied vertically downwards on its exposed end, the change in tool spindle height shall be less than 0,5 mm
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and measurement
The machine must feature an indicator to display the degree of inclination of the tool spindle, which can be adjusted whether the spindle is rotating or not Additionally, the adjustment device should be self-locking to ensure stability.
With the tool spindle set in a vertical position, and a force of 300 N applied horizontally at its exposed end, the inclination of the tool spindle shall not exceed 1°
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and measurement
To ensure the spindle remains stationary during tool changes, a spindle locking device is essential For machines with a table bore diameter of 190 mm or greater, an integral locking device must be installed Conversely, machines with a table bore diameter of less than 190 mm can utilize either an integral or a non-integral locking device.
When a blocking device is used it shall prevent tool spindle rotation and shall not be deformed after starting the spindle drive motor, with the blocking device in place
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine
The tool spindle of the machine is designed to rotate solely in one direction, specifically in an anticlockwise direction when observed from above.
Tool spindles designed for bi-directional rotation must include a direction selection device, as specified in section 5.2.2 Additionally, a visible warning device must alert the operator when the clockwise rotation is selected, with the warning device being yellow in color This visual warning may be accompanied by an audible alert Importantly, the operation of the direction selection device should not trigger spindle startup.
1) a two position selector fitted with a blocking device such that: i) the “normal” position, without blocking, corresponds to the anticlockwise direction of rotation; ii) the “non-normal” position, with blocking, corresponds to the clockwise direction of rotation; iii) selection of the clockwise direction of rotation shall only be possible after manual override of the blocking device; iv) the direction of rotation selection device shall indicate the selected direction of rotation and be consistent with it, or
2) a three position selector, with a neutral position without a blocking device, such that only if the machine has been started in the clockwise direction of rotation, as soon as it is switched off the manual control actuator of the direction of rotation selection device returns automatically to its neutral position Any further selection of the direction of rotation shall require voluntary operation of the selection device, or
3) a combination of manually operated push buttons such that: i) the anticlockwise direction of rotation is started by the start button of the spindle drive motor; ii) the clockwise direction of rotation is started by the start button of the spindle drive motor together with an initiation control device (e.g push button) which is also positioned so that for starting the spindle drive motor both hands are necessary
The safety component of the control system responsible for determining the direction of rotation, if installed, must achieve a minimum performance level of PL=b, in compliance with EN ISO 13849-1:2008 standards.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine
The machine must include spindle rings with a minimum wall thickness of 9.75 mm and an H7 tolerance on the internal diameter d1 These spindle rings should cover the entire usable length of the spindle However, tool spindles intended solely for shank-mounted tools are exempt from requiring a set of spindle rings.
Spindle rings shall be manufactured from steel having an ultimate tensile strength of at least 580 N mm -2
The spindle ring set must undergo a camming test, ensuring that the camming does not exceed 0.1 mm when measured on a test disc with a diameter of 100 mm This measurement should be taken with the spindle ring set assembled using the same torque as that used for tool mounting (refer to Figure 9).
The permissible deviation of the run-out of the test disc shall not exceed 0,01 mm
#Figure 9$$$$ — Spindle ring set, camming test configuration
Verification: By checking the relevant drawing, measurements (see #Figure 9$) and inspection of the machine
NOTE For the steel tensile strength confirmation from the steel component manufacturer can be useful
The tool spindle for bore-mounted tools must include a tool fixing device to prevent any relative movement between the ring and the spindle This can be achieved through various means, such as a lock-nut with an integral spindle ring, a spindle screw with an integral spindle ring, or a spindle screw with a separate spindle ring that ensures clamping is only possible when the ring is in place.
For machines designed to use shank mounted tools the clamping unit shall provide a minimum clamping length in accordance with Table 3 of EN 847-2:2001
The system for shank clamping shall be capable of clamping shanks with different diameters, e.g by changing the clamping inserts (see #Figure 10 c) and 10 d)$)
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and inspection of the machine
##Figure 10 a)$$$ — Example of spindle nut $
#Figure 10 b)$$$$ — Example of spindle screw
##Figure 10 c)$$$$ — Example of spindle for shank mounted tool
##Figure 10 d)$$$$ — Clamping insert (collet) for shank mounted tool
#Figure 10$$$$ — Examples of tool fixing devices 5.3.3.8.2 Glass bead saw blade
For optimal performance, the saw spindle must be equipped with two flanges, or a single flange for flush-mounted saw blades Each flange's diameter should be no less than D/6, where D represents the diameter of the largest saw blade compatible with the machine.
Flanges, excluding those for flush mounted saw blades, must have a flat clamping surface on the outer part that is at least 5 mm wide and recessed towards the center (refer to Figure 11) Both outer diameters should maintain a tolerance of ± 1 mm Additionally, there must be a secure connection between the saw blade and the rear flange attached to the saw spindle, or between the front flange and the saw spindle, such as a key.
Verification: By checking relevant drawings, inspection of the machine, measurement and functional testing of the machine.
Braking
An automatic brake shall be provided for the tool spindle where the un-braked run-down time exceeds 10 s The braked rundown time shall not exceed 10 s #deleted text$
#A PLr of at least c for the braking function shall be achieved in accordance with the requirements of
#Where a spring operated mechanical brake or any other type of brake not using electronic components is fitted, the last paragraph of 9.3.4 of EN 60204-1:2006 does not apply.$
For electrical braking systems, reverse current injection braking shall not be used
Electric braking systems with electronic components must have a control system that meets at least PL=b and is designed according to category 2 of EN ISO 13849-1:2008, with the exception that the test rate requirement in section 4.5.4 is not applicable The safety-related part of the braking control system should undergo periodic testing, such as monitoring the braked run-down time, using feedback from either the encoder on the spindle motor or by measuring the residual current in the motor's power wires The testing must be independent of the basic braking control system or include an internal watchdog, be unaffected by the operator's intentions, and be conducted at each spindle stop.
A negative test shall be indicated Where the test is negative more than three times in sequence, it shall not be possible to operate the machine
#The diagnostic coverage (DCavg) shall be ≥ 60 %
See Annex E of EN ISO 13849-1:2008 for DC estimation.$
A simple electronic brake, utilizing basic electronic components such as rectifiers, transistors, triacs, diodes, resistors, and thyristors, can be classified as PL=b and designed in category 1, adhering to the specified requirements.
EN ISO 13849-1:2008 if the “mean time to a dangerous failure” (MTTFd) according to Table 5 of EN ISO 13849-1 reaches a value of “high” (at least 30 years)
NOTE Complex electronic components like e.g microprocessors or PLCs cannot be considered as well tried under the scope of EN ISO 13849-1:2008 and do therefore not fulfil the requirements of category 1.$
To assess the probability of a dangerous failure in a basic electronic brake component lacking fault detection and testing capabilities (category 1), one can utilize the methodology outlined in EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Annex D.
When the inverter is used also to control the braking function, this function shall be guaranteed even in case of overload
Verification: For the determination of un-braked run-down time, run-up time and braked run-down time, if relevant, see the appropriate tests given in Annex E
The spindle brake can be released to allow for manual rotation and tool adjustment, but this release is only permitted once the spindle has completely stopped turning This is ensured by implementing a time delay between the actuation of the control and the release of the brake, as specified in section 5.2.1.2 b).
The machine cannot be started until the spindle brake control has been reset, and resetting the brake control alone will not trigger the machine's start-up.
The safety related part of the control system for brake release shall #conform at least to PL=c$ in accordance with the requirements of !EN ISO 13849-1:2008"
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine.
Devices to minimise the possibility or the effect of kickback
Anti-kickback devices, such as adjustable end stops, must be securely attached to the fence plates or extension table, with "T" slots aligned parallel to the feed direction Additionally, the diameter of fixing holes should not exceed 12 mm.
For fixing the extension table to the machine table, fixing holes shall be provided on both sides of the table
When equipped with a glass bead saw unit, the machine must include a bead ledge separator made from steel, ensuring it has an ultimate tensile strength of
Materials with a strength of 580 N mm\(^-2\) or equivalent must feature flat sides, maintaining a tolerance of 0.1 mm per 100 mm Additionally, the thickness should be less than the kerf width and at least 0.2 mm greater than the saw blade plate.
To enhance safety and efficiency in bead ledge operations, several devices are essential: a guiding channel to direct the bead ledge, a pressure pad positioned between the saw blade and the anti-kickback finger, and an anti-kickback finger itself The design of the anti-kickback finger must adhere to specific requirements to effectively minimize the risk of kick-back during use.
1) it shall be located after the glass bead saw-blade in the direction of the feed;
2) it shall be made from steel with an ultimate tensile strength of 350 N mm -2 or of a comparable material;
3) it shall have a lower tip with a maximum radius of 0,5 mm;
4) the angle of the tip shall be between 30° and 60° (see #Figure 14$);
5) it shall be effective over the full cutting height capacity of the glass bed saw unit „Effective operation“ shall be between 85 o and 55 o , this angle being measured between a line from the tip to the axis of pivot of the fingers and the horizontal (see #Figure 14$);
6) a mechanical stop shall be provided to prevent the anti-kickback finger moving beyond the 85 o point (see #Figure 14$)
Key e bead ledge separator thickness
B width of cut b width of saw-blade
#Figure 12$$$ — Bead ledge separator thickness in relation to saw-blade dimensions $
1 anti-kickback finger in front of the saw-blade
4 guiding channel for bead ledge
#Figure 13$$$ — Example of anti-kickback finger and guiding channel $
#Figure 14$$$$ — Example of anti-kickback finger
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine.
Work-piece supports and guides
The table dimensions shall vary in accordance with Table 4 for the table bore diameter (see #Figure 15$) The table shall not be tiltable
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement and inspection of the machine
#Figure 15$$$$ — Definition of table dimensions
Table 4 — Size of table and table rings
Ranges of internal diameter for table rings
For machines equipped with a removable spindle, the dimension C is measured from the spindle axis to the front edge of the fixed table or, if applicable, to the front edge of an integral sliding table that is level with the fixed table Additionally, this measurement applies to machines that feature a front sliding table.
5.3.6.1.2 Safeguarding the space between table and tool spindle
Where the table is equipped with a set of table rings for bore diameter ≤ 300 mm their internal diameters shall be as shown in Table 4 (see #Figure 16$)
##Figure 16$$$$ — Table rings For table bore diameters greater than 300 mm, a fifth table ring shall be provided
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and measurement
When a table features an adjustable table insert, it must adhere to specific requirements: the side of the insert nearest to the tool should be made of chipable material, such as light alloy, and profiled to accommodate the largest profiling tool diameter plus 5 mm when fully retracted The distance between the adjustable table insert and the spindle axis must not exceed 50 mm in the advanced position If the adjustment of the insert or fence is automatic, measures must be taken to prevent shearing or crushing hazards, such as setting the fence prior to adjusting the insert Additionally, risks of crushing or shearing between the table or insert and the workpiece during feeding should be minimized by adjusting the insert before feeding Finally, the side of the adjustable table insert closest to the operator should be lined with soft material, like rubber, with a hardness between 60 Sh and 70 Sh.
#Figure 17$$$$ — Example of adjustable table insert
#For power driven adjustment of adjustable table insert under hold-to-run control see 5.2.8.1
For automatic power driven adjustment of adjustable table insert see 5.2.8.2.$
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine, measurement and functional testing of the machine
5.3.6.2 Work-piece guiding for straight work
In order to ensure vertical stability of the work-piece, the machine shall be equipped with fence plates which: a) have a minimum height of:
1) 120 mm for table bore diameters less than or equal to 190 mm;
2) 150 mm for table bore diameters greater than 190 mm b) have either a minimum length for each plate of:
1) 300 mm for table bore diameters less than or equal to 190 mm;
For table bore diameters exceeding 190 mm, a minimum diameter of 450 mm is required Additionally, both plates must have a minimum length in the closed position that is at least equal to the table length Furthermore, the design must comply with the geometrical specifications outlined in G4 of ISO 7009:1983.
#Further devices for guiding the work piece are described in 5.3.7.1.2.1.$
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and measurement and performing test G4 of ISO 7009:1983
The fence assembly must be securely attached to the table and adjustable to accommodate the tool diameter and spindle position.
When adjustments lateral (or transverse) to the feed direction are provided, the fence plates shall remain integral with their supports
The lateral adjustment of the fence plates must minimize any openings for the tool Additionally, the fence plates should either include a device to maintain continuity between them or have fixing arrangements that allow for the installation of such a device, like a false fence.
A fine adjustment control for transverse movement of one of the fences with respect to the other shall be provided
When moved using this control, the moveable fence plate shall remain parallel to the fixed fence plate and the method for its re-alignment shall be described (see 6.3)
The part of the fence plate which can come in contact with the tool shall be made of light alloy, plastic, wood or wood based material
All adjustments, except those to fix and adjust the device for ensuring continuity between the fence plates, shall be capable of being made without the aid of a tool
Where power driven adjustment of the fence under hold-to-run control is provided the requirements of 5.2.8.1 shall be met
Where automatic power driven adjustment of the fence is provided the requirements of 5.2.8.2 shall be met The adjustment device shall be self locking
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, measurement, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine
5.3.6.2.3 Work-piece guiding for curved work
A work-piece guiding device suitable for curved work shall be provided (see #Figure 18$) This shall be either: a) guiding steady (ring guide):
1) the shape or adjustment of which shall allow for progressive penetration of the tool into the work- piece;
2) that shall support and guide the work-piece during machining;
3) that shall have the tangential point where the depth of cut is measured clearly marked;
4) that shall be rigid such that the test shown in Annex B is passed;
5) the adjustment range of which shall take account of all possible positions of the tool with respect to the table;
6) that after adjustment shall remain parallel to the table within 0,5 mm over a length of 100 mm, or b) a lead-in device which allows the use of a ball ring guide which:
1) allows progressive feed of the work-piece to the tool;
2) where the machine has two directions of spindle rotation, shall be designed to allow for its use whichever direction of rotation is selected;
3) where the guard supporting device is designed to allow for the fixing of a guiding steady, and the lead-in device is also capable of being fixed to the supporting device, then the lead-in device shall be capable of being moved out of position whilst remaining integral with the work-piece guiding device to allow for the use of the guiding steady
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurements, inspection of the machine, performing the test described in Annex B and functional testing of the machine
#Figure 18$$$ — Examples of curved work guiding devices $
Prevention of access to moving parts
5.3.7.1 Guarding of tools on hand fed machines
Access to the tool from below the table shall be prevented by a fixed guard or moveable guard interlocked with the tool spindle drive motor (also see 5.3.7.3)
When users need to remove fixed guards for maintenance, the fixing systems must stay attached to either the guards or the machinery This can be achieved using un-losable screws, as outlined in section 6.3 aa).
#The moveable guard shall be interlocked at least in accordance with EN 1088:1995+A2:2008.$
#The safety related part of the control system for interlocking shall conform at least to PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008.$
Verification: By checking the relevant drawing and circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine
The requirements of 5.3.6.2.2 shall be taken into account and in addition:
Pressure devices, such as fence and table pressure pads, are essential for maintaining contact between the workpiece and the table and fence plates, while also ensuring safety by preventing access to the tool, including any shank-mounted tools.
#Figure 19$$$$ — Example of pressure devices
The pressure pads must meet specific requirements: they should be height-adjustable relative to the table and horizontally movable without tools Both the fence and table pressure pads must be symmetrically arranged concerning the spindle, with guiding surfaces parallel to their respective components within a 10 mm tolerance over 100 mm A safety device must prevent the pressure pad from falling during adjustments, and the pads should be spring-loaded to accommodate variations in work-piece thickness The table pressure pad shoe must exceed the maximum gap between fence plates, ensuring the work-piece contacts it before the tool The fence pressure pad must meet minimum height requirements, and the support system should allow for easy movement of the pads for tool changes without removal The system must be rigid and not fixed between the fence plate and table edge The pressure pad shoes must effectively press work-pieces with a minimum section of 8 mm by 8 mm, and materials used for the shoes should include wood, light alloy, or plastic, with easily machined fixing components for the fence pressure pad shoe.
1) when adjusted to its lowest position the underside of the pressure pad shoe shall be on the table surface;
2) when adjusted to its highest position the top surface of the pressure pad shoe shall be at least at the same height as the top of the useable length of the spindle when the spindle is adjusted to its highest position; m) the horizontal adjustment range of the fence pressure pad shall cover a distance of at least 160 mm from the spindle axis; n) the design of the pressure pad shoes shall be such that a difference of at least 10 mm is maintained between the contact point with the work-piece and either the table or the fence pressure pad shoes; o) where the fence pressure pad can be set at an angle to the fence plate in order to allow for work-piece feed during stopped work, this angle shall not be greater than 30° Means shall be provided to reset and fix the fence pressure pad in position parallel to the fence plate; p) the vertical adjustment of the table pressure pad shall be such that it is possible to machine work-pieces of a height of at least:
1) 160 mm on machines with a table bore diameter up to 190 mm;
2) 250 mm on machines with a table bore diameter greater than 190 mm
For machines fitted with a glass bead saw unit see 5.3.7.1.5
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement, inspection of the machine, performing the rigidity test of Annex B and functional testing of the machine
5.3.7.1.2.2 Safeguarding the non-cutting area
Access to the tool, including any shank mounted tools, located at the rear of the fence plates must be restricted by a fixed guard that is securely attached to the fence support.
When a user needs to remove a fixed guard for maintenance, the fixing systems must stay attached to either the guard or the machinery This can be achieved using un-losable screws, as outlined in section 6.3 aa).
The guard must be designed to fit the largest diameter tool specified in Table 3 for all spindle heights, ensuring that no larger tool can be mounted within the guard.
The guard shall allow for tool changing (e.g by means of a non-interlocked hinged cover which is capable of being locked in the closed position during normal operation)
It shall not be possible to reach the tool through any gap between the guard and the fence plates
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine
An adjustable guard, as illustrated in Figure 17, is essential for preventing access to the tool and must be securely fixed relative to the table This guard should be tool-free adjustable, accommodate the largest tool compatible with the steady or ball ring guide, and cover all possible tool positions concerning the table Additionally, it must include a supporting system for the work-piece guiding device, an adjustable hand protector to shield the non-cutting part of the tool from the front, support the chip exhaust outlet, and maintain a rigid structure.
The hand protector shall be in accordance with the following requirements:
1) it shall be adjustable in height from the table surface up to the lower edge of the front part of the adjustable guard when the largest shank mounted tool and/or the largest tool according to Table 3 for which the machine is designed is mounted;
2) after adjustment it shall remain parallel to the table within 0,5 mm over a length of 100 mm;
3) the adjustment shall be possible without the aid of a tool
The hand protector may also allow for pressure on the work-piece during machining
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurements, inspection of the machine, performing the rigidity test in Annex B and functional testing of the machine
If the machine is fitted with tenoning or front #sliding$ table(s) it shall be equipped with a device to maintain the #sliding$ table(s) in position
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and inspection of the machine
Access to the tool from the front side must be restricted through either adjustable guards or transparent guards This can be achieved by using two linked adjustable guards on the sliding table to block access from the work-piece side, along with an adjustable transparent guard on the fixed guard Alternatively, a combination of an adjustable transparent guard and a self-adjusting transparent guard can be mounted on the fixed guard to ensure safety.
The guards shall fulfil the requirements of 5.3.7.3 c)
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine
5.3.7.1.4.3 Safeguarding the non-cutting area
To ensure safety, a fixed guard must be installed on the fixed table to prevent access to the tool from above This guard should be horizontally adjustable perpendicular to the feed direction and must encompass the largest tool specified in Table 3 for all spindle heights It is essential that a larger tool cannot be mounted within the guard Additionally, the guard must include adjustable sections to block access to the tool from both above and the sides of the workpiece, while still allowing for tool changes without removal.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine
5.3.7.1.5 Safeguarding the glass bead saw blade
Machines equipped with a glass bead saw unit must have a fixed guard to restrict access to the saw blade, except for the maximum cutting area This can be achieved by utilizing an extraction hood that complies with the safety distances outlined in EN ISO 13857:2008.
#Fixed guards that are to be demounted by the user e.g for maintenance and cleaning purposes shall be fitted with un-losable screws see 6.3 aa).$
In addition a self adjusting guard shall prevent at least, when in lowest position, the direct horizontal access in a direction perpendicular to the saw blade plane
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine
5.3.7.1.6 Safe guarding when using shank mounted tools
Access to shank mounted tools shall be prevented either by guards for straight work or curved work
When utilizing shank mounted tools for straight work, it is essential to comply with the requirements outlined in sections 5.3.6.2.2 and 5.3.7.1.2 Additionally, the fence plates must be adjustable perpendicular to the feed direction, ensuring they are positioned behind the tool axis when the spindle is vertical Furthermore, the hinged cover of the guard, as specified in section 5.3.7.1.2.2, should be independently adjustable from the fence plates to adequately cover the shank mounted tool axis in the vertical spindle position, regardless of the fence plates' position.
When using shank mounted tools during curved work, the requirements of 5.3.7.1.3 shall be fulfilled
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine
To ensure safety, access to the drive mechanism of tool spindles and feeds must be restricted by either a fixed guard or a movable guard that is interlocked with the spindle drive motor, in compliance with EN 1088:1995+A2:2008 standards.
When users need to demount fixed guards for maintenance, the fixing systems must stay attached to either the guards or the machinery This can be achieved using un-losable screws, as outlined in section 6.3 aa).
These guards shall be designed such that safety distances in !EN ISO 13857:2008" are met.$
#The safety related part of the control system (also see 5.2.1) for interlocking function shall be at least PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008.$
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine
Workpiece clamping device
For tenoning, the #sliding$ table shall be fitted with a work-piece clamping device (e.g Figure 6 c), key
To prevent crushing hazards in powered clamping systems, several safety measures must be implemented: a) utilize a two-stage clamping mechanism with an initial clamping force of 50 N, followed by full force activated manually; b) employ a manually adjustable device to reduce the clamp/work-piece gap to 6 mm or less, with a stroke limitation of 10 mm; c) restrict the clamp closing speed to 10 mm/sec or less; or d) install a guard fixed to the clamping device to minimize the gap between the work-piece and the guard to under 6 mm, ensuring that the clamp extends no more than 6 mm outside the guard.
The safety aspects of control systems for monitoring the first stage clamping force and limiting the clamp closing speed must achieve at least Performance Level c, in compliance with EN ISO 13849-1:2008 standards.
The clamping force shall be at least 700 N over the whole range of adjustment of the clamping device
Machines utilizing pneumatic clamping for work-pieces must include measures to sustain pneumatic pressure during a failure of the pneumatic power supply, such as implementing a non-return valve.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine, measurement and functional testing of the machine.
Safety appliances
To prevent kickback, adjustable end stops must be fixed according to the guidelines outlined in section 5.3.5 of the instruction handbook Additionally, the anti-kickback device should not deflect more than 2 mm when subjected to a static force.
300 N applied in the direction of kickback
The position of the anti-kickback device shall be continuously adjustable on both sides of the spindle up to a distance equal to twice the fence plate length
Fixing points shall be provided for any additional safety appliances such as extension tables with end stops fence pressure pads for high work-pieces etc (see 6.3 k))
All machines must be equipped with a push stick and a push block handle for safe operation Additionally, essential features such as an adjustable end stop, an extension table, a workpiece holding device for stationary work (refer to Figure 20), and a false fence should be provided to enhance functionality and safety.
#Figure 20$$$ — Example of workpiece holding device for stopped work $
Machines with a table bore diameter exceeding 190 mm must include a socket for connecting a de-mountable power feed unit This socket's electrical connection must ensure that activating the normal stop or emergency stop control also disconnects power to the socket.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, measurements, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine.