5.3 Protection against mechanical hazards
5.3.7 Prevention of access to moving parts
Access to the tool from below the table shall be prevented by a fixed guard or moveable guard interlocked with the tool spindle drive motor (also see 5.3.7.3).
#If the fixed guards are to be demounted by the user e.g. for maintenance, their fixing systems shall remain attached to the guards or to the machinery when the guards are removed, e.g. with un-losable screws, see 6.3 aa).$
#The moveable guard shall be interlocked at least in accordance with EN 1088:1995+A2:2008.$
#The safety related part of the control system for interlocking shall conform at least to PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008.$
Verification: By checking the relevant drawing and circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine.
5.3.7.1.2 Safeguarding for straight work 5.3.7.1.2.1 Safeguarding the cutting area
The requirements of 5.3.6.2.2 shall be taken into account and in addition:
Fence and table pressure devices (pressure pads) shall be provided to keep the work-piece in contact with the table and the fence plates (see #Figure 19$) and to prevent access to the tool (including shank mounted tool if fitted).
Key
1 fence pressure pad 2 table pressure pad
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#
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#Figure 19$$$$ — Example of pressure devices
The pressure pads shall fulfil the following requirements:
a) the table pressure pad shall be adjustable in height relative to the table and horizontally towards and away from the fence. All adjustments shall be capable of being carried out without the aid of a tool;
b) the fence and table pressure pads shall, over the whole adjustment range, be symmetrically arranged with respect to the spindle. The work-piece guiding surface of the fence pressure pad shall be parallel with the fence plates and the work-piece guiding surface of the table pressure pad shall be parallel with the table within a tolerance of 10 mm over any 100 mm length;
c) the table pressure pad support shall be provided with a device which prevents the pressure pad and/or its support falling by gravity onto the tool during adjustment;
d) the pressure pads shall be spring loaded to allow for limited variation in work-piece thickness;
e) the length of the table pressure pad shoe shall be greater than the maximum opening between the fence plates and shall allow the work-piece to contact the pressure pad before it contacts the tool;
f) the fence pressure pad shall have a height at least equal to the minimum height required for the fence plates in accordance with 5.3.6;
g) the pressure pad support system shall be so designed that it is possible to move the pressure pads from their working position to a position which will allow for tool changing or the use of a de-mountable power feed unit, without removing them from the machine. The support system, pressure pads and supports shall be mechanically locked in place when in the non working position;
h) the pressure pad support system shall be rigid;
i) the support system for the pressure pads shall not be fixed to the table between the fence plate and the front edge of the table;
j) the pressure pad shoes shall be able to press a work-piece with a minimum section of 8 mm by 8 mm in the vertical and horizontal directions over the whole length given in 5.3.7.1.2.1 e);
k) the material from which the table pressure pad shoes are made shall be wood, light alloy or plastic. The fence pressure pad shoe shall be made of wood, wood based material, light alloy or plastic. The fixing components (e.g. screws) for the fence pressure pad shoe shall be made from a material which is easily machined (e.g. brass) #when they can come into contact with the tool$;
l) the vertical adjustment range of the fence pressure pad shall be such that:
1) when adjusted to its lowest position the underside of the pressure pad shoe shall be on the table surface;
2) when adjusted to its highest position the top surface of the pressure pad shoe shall be at least at the same height as the top of the useable length of the spindle when the spindle is adjusted to its highest position;
m) the horizontal adjustment range of the fence pressure pad shall cover a distance of at least 160 mm from the spindle axis;
n) the design of the pressure pad shoes shall be such that a difference of at least 10 mm is maintained between the contact point with the work-piece and either the table or the fence pressure pad shoes;
o) where the fence pressure pad can be set at an angle to the fence plate in order to allow for work-piece feed during stopped work, this angle shall not be greater than 30°. Means shall be provided to reset and fix the fence pressure pad in position parallel to the fence plate;
p) the vertical adjustment of the table pressure pad shall be such that it is possible to machine work-pieces of a height of at least:
1) 160 mm on machines with a table bore diameter up to 190 mm;
2) 250 mm on machines with a table bore diameter greater than 190 mm.
For machines fitted with a glass bead saw unit see 5.3.7.1.5.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement, inspection of the machine, performing the rigidity test of Annex B and functional testing of the machine.
5.3.7.1.2.2 Safeguarding the non-cutting area
Access to the tool (including shank mounted tool if fitted) at the rear of the fence plates shall be prevented by means of a fixed guard attached to the fence support. #deleted text$
#If such fixed guard is to be demounted by the user e.g. for maintenance, the fixing systems shall remain attached to the guard or to the machinery when the guard is removed, e.g. with un-losable screws, see 6.3 aa).
The guard shall accommodate the largest diameter tool for which the machine was designed in accordance with Table 3 at all possible spindle heights. It shall not be possible to mount a larger tool in the guard. (Also see 5.3.3.3).$
The guard shall allow for tool changing (e.g. by means of a non-interlocked hinged cover which is capable of being locked in the closed position during normal operation).
It shall not be possible to reach the tool through any gap between the guard and the fence plates.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine.
5.3.7.1.3 Safeguarding for curved work
Access to the tool shall be prevented by an adjustable guard (see #Figure 17$) which can be fixed in position relative to the table and fulfils the following requirements (see also 5.3.7.1.6):
a) it shall be possible of adjustment without the aid of a tool;
b) it shall encompass the largest tool for which the steady or ball ring guide is designed;
c) the adjustment range shall include all possible tool positions in respect to the table;
d) it shall be fitted with the supporting system for the work-piece guiding device required in 5.3.6.2.3;
e) it shall be fitted with an adjustable hand protector to prevent access to the non cutting part of the tool from the front;
f) it shall support the chip exhaust outlet (also see 5.4.3.1);
g) it shall be rigid.
The hand protector shall be in accordance with the following requirements:
1) it shall be adjustable in height from the table surface up to the lower edge of the front part of the adjustable guard when the largest shank mounted tool and/or the largest tool according to Table 3 for which the machine is designed is mounted;
2) after adjustment it shall remain parallel to the table within 0,5 mm over a length of 100 mm;
3) the adjustment shall be possible without the aid of a tool.
The hand protector may also allow for pressure on the work-piece during machining.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurements, inspection of the machine, performing the rigidity test in Annex B and functional testing of the machine.
5.3.7.1.4 Safeguarding for tenoning 5.3.7.1.4.1 General
If the machine is fitted with tenoning or front #sliding$ table(s) it shall be equipped with a device to maintain the #sliding$ table(s) in position.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and inspection of the machine.
5.3.7.1.4.2 Safeguarding the cutting area
#Access to the tool, at least from the front side shall be prevented either:
a) by adjustable guards (i.e. two guards linked together or independently adjustable) mounted on the sliding table which prevent access to the tool from the side of the work-piece (see Figure 6 c), key 19) and by an adjustable transparent guard mounted on the fixed guard described in 5.3.7.1.4.3 (see Figure 6 c), key 16); or
b) an adjustable transparent guard (see Figure 6 d key 1)) and by a transparent self adjusting guard (see Figure 6 d key 2)) both mounted on the fixed guard described in 5.3.7.1.4.3.$
The guards shall fulfil the requirements of 5.3.7.3 c).
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine.
5.3.7.1.4.3 Safeguarding the non-cutting area
Access to the tool from above shall be prevented by a fixed guard mounted on the fixed table (see key 9 in Figure 6 c)). This guard shall be in accordance with the following requirements:
a) it shall be horizontally adjustable at right angles to the direction of feed;
b) it shall encompass the largest tool according to Table 3 for which the machine is designed at all possible spindle heights;
c) it shall not be possible to mount a larger tool in the guard;
d) it shall be fitted with adjustable sections which prevent access to the tool from above and side(s) of the work-piece (see Figure 6 c) key 16);
e) tool changing shall be possible without removing it;
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine.
5.3.7.1.5 Safeguarding the glass bead saw blade
On machines fitted with a glass bead saw unit, access to the saw blade shall be prevented by a fixed guard with the exception of the maximum cutting area of the saw blade. This requirement can be met e.g. by the use of the extraction hood designed such that the safety distances of !EN ISO 13857:2008" are met.
#Fixed guards that are to be demounted by the user e.g. for maintenance and cleaning purposes shall be fitted with un-losable screws see 6.3 aa).$
In addition a self adjusting guard shall prevent at least, when in lowest position, the direct horizontal access in a direction perpendicular to the saw blade plane.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine.
5.3.7.1.6 Safe guarding when using shank mounted tools
Access to shank mounted tools shall be prevented either by guards for straight work or curved work.
When using shank mounted tools during straight work the requirements of 5.3.6.2.2 and 5.3.7.1.2 shall be fulfilled and in addition:
a) the fence plates shall be adjustable in the direction perpendicular to feed direction in order to be positioned at the rear of the tool axis (viewed from the operator's position) when spindle is in vertical position;
b) the hinged cover of the guard required in 5.3.7.1.2.2, attached to the fence support, shall be adjustable independently from the fence plates in order to cover the shank mounted tool axis when spindle is in vertical position and fence plates in any position.
When using shank mounted tools during curved work, the requirements of 5.3.7.1.3 shall be fulfilled.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, measurement, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine.
5.3.7.2 Guarding of drives
Access to the drive mechanism (to tool spindles, feed etc.) shall be prevented by either a fixed guard or a movable guard interlocked with the spindle drive motor in accordance with #deleted text$#EN 1088:1995+A2:2008$. #deleted text$
#If the fixed guards are to be demounted by the user e.g. for maintenance, their fixing systems shall remain attached to the guards or to the machinery when the guards are removed, e.g. with un-losable screws, see 6.3 aa).
These guards shall be designed such that safety distances in !EN ISO 13857:2008" are met.$
#deleted text$
#The safety related part of the control system (also see 5.2.1) for interlocking function shall be at least PL=c in accordance with the requirements of EN ISO 13849-1:2008.$
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings and/or circuit diagrams, inspection of the machine and functional testing of the machine.
5.3.7.3 Characteristics of guards
The tool guard(s) shall be manufactured from one of the following materials:
a) steel with an ultimate tensile strength of at least 350 N mm-2 and a wall thickness of at least 1,5 mm;
b) light alloy with an ultimate tensile strength of at least 185 N mm-2 and a wall thickness of at least 3 mm;
c) #polycarbonate with a wall thickness of at least 3 mm or other plastic material passing the test given in Annex D;$
d) cast iron with an ultimate tensile strength of at least 200 N mm-2 and a wall thickness of at least 5 mm.
Verification: By checking the relevant drawings, tensile strength, #measurement, for plastic materials with characteristics other than those given for polycarbonate in c) above by performing the test in Annex D, and inspection$ of the machine.
NOTE For the ultimate tensile strength, confirmation from the manufacturer of the material can be useful.