Tiêu chuẩn iso 17989 1 2015

© ISO 2015 Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry — Sustainability — Part 1 Principles Tracteurs et matériels agricoles et forestiers — Durabilité — Partie 1 Principes INTERNATIONAL STAND[.]

Tractors and machinery for

Part 1:

Tracteurs et matérie ls a ricoles et f re stiers — Dura ilité —

Partie 1: Princ ipes

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© ISO 201 , P blshed in Sw itz rlan

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F reword i v

Introduction v

1 Sc ope 1

2 Terms and definitio s 1

3 Principles 3

4 Rec ommendatio s for the applcatio of the principles 4

4.1 Stakeholde s an their interests 4

4.2 Or ganization p lcy 4

4.3 Pe formanc in icators 5

4.4 Pr oc s for o timization of pe formanc 6

4.5 Information to stakeholde s 6

4.5.1 General 6

4.6 Report 7

4.6.1 General 7

4.6.2 L bels an de larations 7

4.6.3 A dditional information 7

4.7 A sses ment 7

A nne x A (informative)Stakeholder approach – Examples for per for manc e indicator 8

A nne x B (informative)Life-cycle approach 9

A nne x C (informative) (Practicable)Examples of how the indi vidual lfe cycle stag es c ould pr ovide c ontr ib tions with r espect to sustainabiity 12

Biblog raphy 15

ISO (he Int ernational Org nization for Stan ardization) is a worldwidefede ation of national s an ards

b dies (ISO membe b dies) The work of pr p ring Int ernational Stan ards is normaly car ied out

through ISO t ech ical committ ees Each membe b dy int er st ed in a subje t for w hich a t ech ical

committ ee has be n es a lshed has the right t o be r pr sent ed on that committ ee Int ernational

org nizations, g ove nmental an non-g ove nmental, in laison with ISO, also take part in the work

ISO cola orat es closely with the Int ernational Ele trot ech ical C mmis ion (IEC) on al matt ers of

ele trot ech ical s an ardization

The proc d r s used t o develo this document an those int en ed for it furthe maint enanc ar

desc ibed in the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 1 In p rticular the dife ent a pro al c it eria ne ded for the

dife ent ty es of ISO document should be not ed This document was draft ed in ac ordanc with the

edit orial rules of the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 2 ( e www.iso.org dir ctives)

A tt ention is drawn t o the p s ibi ity that some of the element of this document ma be the subje t of

p t ent right ISO shal not be held r sponsible for identifying any or al such p t ent right Detais of

any p t ent right identified d ring the develo ment of the document wi be in the Introd ction an / r

on the ISO ls of p t ent de larations r c ived ( e www.iso.org p t ent )

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenienc of use s an does not

cons itut e an en orsement

F or an ex lanation on the meaning of ISO spe ific t erms an ex r s ions r lat ed t o conformity

as es ment, as wel as information a out ISO’ s adhe enc t o the WTO principles in the Te h ical

Bar ie s t o Trade (TBT) se the fol owing URL: F or word - Sup lementary information

The commit e r sp nsible for this document is ISO /TC 2 , Tractor a d mac hine y f r a ri cultur

Int ernational conc rn o e h man imp ct on the health of the environment (e.g acid rain, ozone la e

depletion, air, wat er an soi polution, grou d comp ction, soi e osion) an the consumption of the

l mit ed natural r sour es ha e encourag ed org nizations that ar inv lved in the design, develo ment

an marketing of machine y t o give att ention t o how a machine can imp ct the environment Social

is ues, such as a safe workplac , an e onomic is ues, such as a man facturing org nization conside ing

inc easing the n mbe of workers t o inc ease prod ction rat es, shal be b lanc d b org nisations This

rise in att ention is driven not only b is ues r lating t o social r sp nsibi ty of man factur rs, but also

pur hase s of machine y w ho themselves can have conc rns a out the imp ct hat heir machinehason

the environment, as wel as legislativeb dies that ar in p sitions t o man at e c rtain actionsint en ed

t o r d c the adve se imp ct ofmachine y on the environment In orde t o ad r s these conc rns,

a plcation of the principles of sus aina i ty has be n r g rded as a pro riat e s rat eg

The sus aina i ity conc pt was develo ed in the for s ry se t or w hen mor an mor wood was used as

sour e of ene g (befor the use of co l s art ed) an has a long tradition in a ricultur as a ricultural

an for s ry prod ction ar l n ed t o the lan

Toda , sus aina i ity s andards ar used in a ricultur with the aim of achieving a fair b lanc betwe n

the thr e sus aina i ity aspe t :

— e onomic aspe t , such as:

— cos -efe tivenes ;

— lq idity;

— s a i ty / st eady e onomic con ition

— environmental aspe t , such as:

— clmat e efe t ;

— r sour e consumption;

— biodive sity;

— soi prot ection;

— wat er an air polution

— social aspe t , such as:

— work an emplo ment ed cation, training, safety);

— social inv lvement

It is r co niz d that a prod ct’ s design an it use o e it l fetime can ha e a signif icant imp ct on

the q alty an sus aina i ty of the environment in w hich it o e at es Taking st eps d ring a prod ct’ s

design and develo ment s ag e that ar aimed at r d cing the imp ct of the prod ct is an imp rtant

fact or in sus aining the environment In this sense, designing for sus aina i ity can be se n as a proc s

an set of conside ations that ar int egrat ed int o a prod ct’s design an develo ment activities in

supp rt of r d cing the neg tive imp ct an impro ing the pe formanc of the prod ct The design

an use of a ricultural and for s ry machine y, being ve y closely tied t o the environment in the

prod ction of fo d, f ibr s, fuel an lumbe for h mansan l vest ock, is no ex ception t o this o je tive

Standards which pro ide designe s and man factur rs of a ricultural an for s ry machine y with

guidel nes for the incorporation of sus aina i ity into a machine’ s design an develo ment ar desir d

an w ould be useful in adv ncing the s ate of the art of sus aina i ity in design in this in us ry

se tor, an could pro ide machine y pur hase s with the means of fairly comparing the imp ct of

competing prod ct

This p rt of ISO 1 98 is the f irs of a se ies of s an ards that spe ifies principles r lat ed t o

sus aina i ty an r commen s t o r g rd ‘sus aina i ty’ as a manag ement ask t o be ad r s ed t o the

man factur r Othe p rt of this se iesar planned t o ad r s spe if ic prod ct ami es an t o spe ify

a pro ches r lat ed t o sus aina i ty in the design an use of prod cts /machines

Tractors and machinery for ag ricultur e and forestry —

Part 1:

This p rt of ISO 1 9 9 pro ides guidelnes t o as is designe s and man factur rs of tract ors

an machine y for a ricultur an for s ry t o int egrat e sus aina i ty principles, practic s an

conside ations int o their org nizations an proc s es This p rt of ISO 1 98 is spe ificaly a pl ca le

t o eq ipment used in the prod ction of fo d, f ibr s, fuel an lumbe for h mansan l vest ock

NOTE T is part of ISO 179 9 inclu es thre diferent levels for the ap lication: principles, recommen ations

an ad itional information (an ex es)

This part of ISO 1 9 9 is ad r s ed t o the org nization manag ement an pro ides guidanc for

conside ing sus aina i ty aspe t r lev nt for the org nization an the prod ct l fe cycle It defines the

fact ory g t e as thesy st em b un ary (Figur 1)

This p rt of ISO 1 9 9 is not a pl ca le t o contractual or r gulat ory purposes or t o r gis ration an

c rtif ication

Ex cept w hen they ar closely r lat ed t o sus aina i ty, this p rt of ISO 1 9 9 does not ad r s is ues

of oc up tional health an safety or o e at or safety aspe t of a machine’s design Designe s can f in

guidanc on these is uesin othe Int ernational Stan ards

Key

1 system b u dary

Figure 1 — Sy stem b undary specifying also the s o e of ISO 1 79 9-1

2 Terms and definitions

F or the purposes of this document, the folowing t ermsand definitions a ply

design an develo ment

set of proc s es that trans orms r q ir ment int o spe ified charact eris ics or int o the spe if ication of

a prod ct, proc s or sy st em

Not e 1 to entry: T e terms “design” an “development are sometimes used sy on mously an sometimes used

t o def ine diferent sta es of the overal design an development proces

Not e 2 to entry: A q alif ier can b ap lied to in icate the nature of what is b ing designed an developed (e.g

prod ct design an development or proces design an development)

[ SOURCE:ISO 9 0 :2 0 , definition 3.4.4 ]

2.2

end-of- ife machine

machine that has complet ed it useful l fe an is taken out of se vic for disposal, r cycle or r use

[ SOURCE:ISO 1 9 7 :2 1 , def inition 3.7]

2.3

energy ef iciency

efe tivenes of conve ting ene g int o useful work

[ SOURCE:ISO 1 9 7 :2 1 , def inition 3.1 ]

2.4

enviro ment

sur ou dings in w hich an org nization or prod ct o e at es, inclu ing air, wat er, lan , natural r sour es,

flora, fau a, h mans, an their int er elation

[ SOURCE:ISO 140 1:2 04, definition 3.5, modified]

2.5

enviro mental aspect

element of an org nization activities or prod ct or se vic s that can int eract with the environment

[ SOURCE:ISO 140 1:2 04, definition 3.6 modified]

2.6

enviro mental impact

any chang e t o the environment, w hethe adverse or benef icial, w holy or partialy r sulting from an

org nization activities, prod ct , or se vic s

[ SOURCE:ISO 140 1:2 04, definition 3.7 modified]

2 7

enviro mental label

enviro mental declaration

claim w hich in icat es the environmental aspe t of a prod ct or se vic

[ SOURCE:ISO 140 0:2 0 , def inition 2.1]

2.8

l fe cycle

conse utive and int erlnked s ag es of a prod ct sy st em, from raw mat erial acq isition or g ene ation

from natural r sour es t o final disp sal

[ SOURCE:ISO 14044:2 0 , definition 3.1]

2 9

l fe cycle as es ment

compiation an ev luation of imp ct o e a prod ct’ s l fe cycle

Note 1 to entry: T e life cycle to b as es ed inclu es raw materialselection,man facturing, transportation, use,

maint enance an en -of-life

2.1

l fe cycle thinking

conside ation of al r lev nt environmental aspe t of a prod ct d ring the entir prod ct l fe cycle

2.1

manufacturing org nizatio

org nization, corporation, f irm, ent erprise, authority or ins itution, or p rt or combination the eof,

w hethe incorp rat ed or not, publc or priv t e, that has it own functions an adminis ration

[ SOURCE:ISO 140 1:2 1 , def inition 3.2 modified]

2.12

pro uct

machine, at achment or sy st em that pe forms a spe ific fu ction and that is plac d on the market for

sale or dis ribution or plac d int o se vic

Note 1t o entry: A prod ct can b sof ware, hardware or proces ed material (e.g lubricant)

2.13

sustainabi ity

b lanc betwe n social, environmental and e onomic ne ds that o timiz s the cur ent q al ty of l fe

without sac if icing futur q alty of l fe

This conc pt shows that sus aina i ty is charact eriz d b a high degr e of complexity w hich can afe t

the org nization an it proc s es The amou t an imp rtanc of s akeholde s, their int er s s, an

their ne ds clarify that sus aina i ty r lat es t o the org nization as a w hole The efor , sus aina i ty

shal be se n as manag ement task

In orde t o satis y this conc pt, the folowing principles shal be a pled:

— identification of s akeholde s an their int er s s ( e 4.1);

— sha ing of the org nization p lcy ( e 4.2);

— identification of r lev nt pe formanc in icat ors ( e 4.3);

— ins alation of the proc s that alows the o timization of pe formanc ( e 4.4);

— information t o s akeholde s( e 4.5);

— a plcation of as es ment proc d r s ( e 4.6)

4 Rec ommendations for the appl cation of the principles

4.1 Stakeholder and their interests

Stakeholde s ar t o be u de st ood as pe sons or groups with r q es s or deman s conc rning the

org nization, w hich ar afe t ed b or can influenc org nization de isions W ith r spe t t o their

int er s s, s akeholde s can be divided int o the folowing groups:

— Owne s an emplo e s ar primariy org nization-orient ed, i.e their conc rn c ntr s on long -t erm

suc es ful org nization manag ement an develo men for ad itional information, se Annex A

— Busines p rtne s ( up le s), dis ribution p rtne s (deale s, ag ent ) an en cust ome s ar

primariy prod ct an aft er sales orient ed, i.e for them the benef it , adv ntag es an t otal cos s of a

prod ct ar of p rticular imp rtanc ;for ad itional information, se An ex B

— Othe s akeholde s such as analy sts /len e s, scientis s, p lticians/society as wel as communities

an r sident at the locations

Dialo ue with the s akeholde s pe mit the org nization t o r co niz early g ene al tr n s an

develo ment as wel as o portu ities an risks W ith r g rd t o sus aina i ity, such a dialo ue pro ides

the p s ibi ty of invent orying, contin ously updating an ev luating the t opics that ar imp rtant t o

s akeholde s To ics ev luat ed from the s akeholde an org nization pe spe tives t end t o displa a

high level of a r ement The r sulting matrix (Figur 2) is the s arting p int for the develo ment of a

sus aina i ty s rat eg

Figure 2 — Topic matrix: Importance of topic from the org nizatio and stakeholde

per pectives (example)

4.2 Or ganization pol cy

Org nization p lcy def ines not only the f ield of activity an fun amental g oals, but also in p rticular

the self-imag e an v lues of the org nization (corp rat e cultur ) C des of con uct desc ibe int eractions

b th within the org nization an with ext ernal s akeholde s

Sinc sus aina i ty afe t al int ernal an ext ernal org nization matt ers in the sense of taking int o

ac ount the inter s s of al identified s akeholde s, org nization manag ement shal also as ume a p sition

in this r g rd an ada t the v alues of the org nization The form ulations chosen ar les important than

whethe the convictions an as ociat ed mes ag es of manag ement ar suc es fuly transmitt ed

4.3 P erformanc e indicator s

The multidimensional ‘sus aina i ty’ conc pt shal be made manag ea le and compr hensible, so

that it can be a pl ed in the org nization Based on the t opics identif ied within the framework of

the s akeholde dialo ue, spe ific targ et an pe formanc charact eris ics an in icat ors ar t o be

det ermined, t o w hich spe ific measur s can be as igned Figur 3 show s the de iv tion of spe if ic

targ et and pe formanc in icat ors

Figure 3 — Derivatio of sustainabi ity targ ets and indicator

A ccording t o the principle of sus aina i ty ( e Cla use 3), the pe formanc indicat ors should ad r s

e onomic, environmental an social aspe t The pe formanc in icat orscan deal with the folowing:

— Eco omic performance indicator , e.g