Tiêu chuẩn iso 12219 6 2017

© ISO 2017 Interior air of road vehicles — Part 6 Method for the determination of the emissions of semi volatile organic compounds from vehicle interior parts and materials at higher temperature — Sma[.]

Interior air ofr oad vehicles —

Part 6:

Air intérieur de s v hicule s ro tiers —

Partie 6 : Méth de p ur la déte mination des émissions de comp sés

org nique s semi-v latils de s p rtie s et matériau intérieurs de s

v hic ule s à de s temp ratur s élev e s — Méth de de la petit ch mbr

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© ISO 2017, P blshed in Sw itz rlan

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written permis ion Permis ion c n be req esed from either ISO at the ad r es below or ISO’s member bod y in the c u try of

F reword v

Introduction vi

1 Sc ope 1

2 Nor mati ve r eferenc es 1

3 Terms an definitions 2

4 Symbols 2

5 Principle 2

6 Emis io test bed preparatio 3

6.1 General

3 6.2 Smal chambe 3

6.2.1 General 3

6.2.2 Mate ials 3

6.2.3 Tightnes 4

6.2.4 A ir mix ing 4

6.2.5 Cleaning 4

6.3 Smal chambe temper atur e control 4

6.4 A ir h midification 4

6.5 Clean air supply 5

7 Qual ty c ontrol 5

7.1 General 5

7.2 A irtightnes 6

7.2.1 General 6

7.2.2 A lte native pr oc d r e 1 6

7.2.3 A lte native pr oc d r e 2 6

7.3 Re o e y an sin efe ts 6

7.4 Sup ly air 7

7.4.1 General 7

7.4.2 Backg rou d conc ntration v lues 7

7.4.3 Temperatur e an h midity 8

8 Test specimen 8

8.1 General 8

8.2 His ory of the tes spe imen 8

8.3 Packag ing , transp rt an s or ag e of the tes spe imen 8

9 Standard emis io test proc edur e 9

9.1 General 9

9.2 Cleaning an purification 9

9.3 Tes 9

9.3.1 General 9

9.3.2 Pr econ itioning the sample prior to tes

9 9.3.3 Pr ep ration 1

9.3.4 Cleaning — P ase 1 1

9.3.5 Pr econ itioning — P ase 2 1

9.3.6 Backg rou d conc ntration samplng — Phase 3 1

9.3.7 Inse ting the tes spe imen — P ase 4 1

9.3.8 C n itioning at 6 °C — P ase 5 ac or ding to ISO 1 2 9-4 1

9.3.9 Heating up and conditioning at 10 °C — P ase 6 1

9.3.10 A ir samplng at 1 0 °C — P ase 7 1

9.3.11 E d of testing 1

10 Deter minatio of VOCs at 6 °C and SVOCs at 100 °C in one r un 12

12 Test report 12

13 Qual ty as uranc e/qualty c ontrol (QA /QC) .14

A nne x A (informative)T ypical test c onditions and example for the ex perimental setup

.15

Biblog raph y 17

ISO (he Int ernational Org nization for Stan ardization) is a worldwide fede ation of national s an ards

b dies (ISO membe b dies) The work of pr p ring Int ernational Standards is normaly car ied out

through ISO t ech ical committ ees Each membe b dy int er st ed in a subje t for w hich a t ech ical

committ ee has be n es a l shed has the right t o be r pr sent ed on that committ ee Int ernational

org nizations, g ove nmental an non-g overnmental, in laison with ISO, also take part in the work

ISO cola orat es closely with the Int ernational Ele trot ech ical C mmis ion (IEC) on al matt ers of

ele trot ech ical s an ardization

The proc d r s used t o develo this document an those int en ed for it furthe maint enanc ar

desc ibed in the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 1 In p rticular the dife ent a pro al c it eria ne ded for the

dife ent ty es of ISO document should be not ed This document was draft ed in ac ordanc with the

edit orial rules of the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 2 ( e www iso org dir ctives)

A tt ention is drawn t o the p s ibi ity that ome of the element of this document ma be the subje t of

p t ent right ISO shal not be held r sponsible for identifying any or al such pat ent right Detais of

any p t ent right identif ied d ring the develo ment of the document wi be in the Introd ction an / r

on the ISO ls of p t ent de larations r c ived ( e www iso org p t ent )

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenienc of use s an does not

cons itut e an en orsement

For an ex lanation on the meaning of ISO spe ific terms an ex r s ions r lated to conformity as es ment,

as wel as information a out ISO’s adhe enc to the Wor ld Trade Org nization (WTO) principles in the

Te h ical Bar ie s to Trade (TBT) se the folowing URL: www iso org / iso/ for word html

The committ ee r sp nsible for this document is Te h ical C mmitt ee ISO/TC 146, Air q alt y,

Subcommitt ee SC6, Indo r air

A l s of al the p rt in the ISO 1 2 9 can be fou d on the ISO websit e

Volatie an semi-volati e org nic comp un s (V Cs an SVOCs) ar widely used in in us ry an

can be emitt ed b many eve yda prod ct an mat erials They ha e at ract ed att ention in r c nt

years be ause of their imp ct on in o r air q alty Aft er homes an workplac s, peo le spen a lot

of time in their vehicles It is important t o det ermine the mat erial emis ions of int erior p rt and t o

r d c them t o an ac epta le level, if r q ir d The efor , it is ne es ary t o o tain compr hensive an

r l a le information a out the ty es of org nic comp u ds in the int erior air of vehicles and also their

conc ntrations

Monit oring emis ions from vehicle trim component can be pe formed in several wa s an the a pro ch

sele t ed depen s up n the desir d out come an the mat erial ty e F or ex mple, t o o tain emis ions

data from complet e as embl es (e.g a dashb ard or seat), it is ne es ary t o emplo emis ion chambe s

or b gs that ha e suff icient v lume t o housethe complet e as embly ( y icaly ≥ 1 m

3

) The pe formanc

of such t es s ma take seve al hours or even day s, depen ing on spe ified eq i ibration times an the

r q ir ment of the r lev nt t es prot ocol

This document outlnes a sc e ning method for measuring the ty es and levels of V Cs an SV Cs

in vehicle trim comp nent u de controled con itions using a smal emis ion t es chambe ( mal

chambe ) The desc ibed sc e ning method can beused t o inves ig t e theemis ions of car int erior trim

un e con itions of r al use w he e elev t ed t empe atur s ar pr v i ing in the ca in of ro d vehicles

F or this purpose, t es s ar pe formed at 6 °C and 1 0 °C ISO 1 2 9-6 desc ibes r q ir ment for a

smal chambe an a t es prot ocol Measur ment ar car ied out ac ording t o ISO 1 00 -6 (V Cs)

The ca acity of a smal chambe is not lmit ed t o smal as embles or r pr sentative t es spe imens

of homog eneous car trim mat erials Smal chambe s alow q altative an q antitative V C and SV C

emis ion data t o be measur d an r corded The subseq ent emis ion data can be used t o develo a

cor elation betwe n mat erial level methods an the vehicle level method

This document is b sed on VDA 276

[2]

an cor elat es t o ISO 1 0 0-9

Besides the ISO 1 2 9-se ies, the e ar p rt of ISO 1 00 w hich deal with the measur ment of

v p ur-phase org nic chemicals an v ap ur-phase chemical emis ions:

— Part 3 : Dete min tio o frmaldeh de a d othe c arb n l c omp u ds in indo r air a d tes t chambe

air — Ac ti ve s ampln meth d

— Part 5: S mpln s trateg fr v latie org nic c omp u ds (VOCs)

— Part 6 : Dete min tion o v latie org nic c omp u ds in indo r a d tes t chambe air b ac ti ve s ampln

o Ten x TA

®

s orben the mal des orption a d g s-chromato ra h us in MS or MS-FID

— Part 9: Dete min tio o the emi s s io o v latie org nic c omp u ds from b idin produc ts a d

f rni shin — Emi s s io tes t chambe meth d

— Part 10: Dete rmin tio o the emi s s io o v latie org nic c omp u ds from b idin produc ts a d

f rni shin — Emi s s io tes t c el meth d

— Part 1 : Dete min tion o the emi s s io o v latie org nic c omp u ds from b idin produc ts a d

f rni shin — S mpln , s tora e o s amples a d pr p ration o tes t s pec imens

— Part 24 : Pe frma ce tes t fr ev lu tin the r duc tio o v latie org nic c omp u d (xc ept

f rmaldeh de) c onc entratio s b s orpti ve b idin mate ials

— Part 2 5: Dete min tio o the emi s s io o s emiv latie org nic c omp u ds fr b idin produc ts —

Mic ro chambe r meth d

Interior air ofr oad vehicles —

Part 6:

WARNING — This metho is unsuitable for materials that are not stable at 1 0 °C in air

A pplcation of this document for thermaly unstable materials could le d to ir ever ible

co taminatio of the test equipment

This document desc ibes a q altative an q antitative analytical method for v p ur-phase org nic

comp u ds r leased from car trim mat erials un e simulat ed r al use con itions, i.e a vehicle is

p rked for seve al hours in dir ct su lght Un e these con itions, some int erior p rt an mat erials

r ach highe t empe atur s than 6 °C (ISO 1 2 9-4 ), e.g a dashb ard can r ach t empe atur s up t o

1 0 °C This document can be implement ed as an o tional ad ition t o ISO 1 2 9-4 so that VOC, v lati e

carb ny l an SV C t es ing can al be complet ed within one da This p rt has be n ad ed t o g in insight

int o the emis ion beha iour an emis ion p t ential of sele t ed vehicle int erior p rt an mat erials

ex osed t o highe t empe atur s (By convention, 1 0°Cis set as the highe t empe atur )

The t es is pe formed in smal emis ion t es chambe s ( mal chambe s) These smal chambe s ar

int en ed t o pro ide a trans e fu ction for vehicle level emis ions This method is int en ed for

ev luating new car int erior trim comp nent but can, in principle, be a pled t o used car comp nent

The spe ified analytical proc d r for SVOCs an semi-v latiecarb ny ls is ISO 1 0 0-6

This document iscomplementary t o exis ing s an ards

[1],[2]

an pro ides third p rty t es la orat ories

an man facturing in us ry with an a pro ch for

— identifying the efe t of r al use con itions on spe if ic VOC an SV C emis ions data,

— comp ring emis ionsfrom v rious as embl es with r g rdst o spe if ic V C an SV Cemis ions,

— ev luating an sorting spe if ic as embles r g rding spe if ic VOC an SV C emis ions data,

— pro iding spe ific V C an SVOC emis ions data t o develo an ve ify a cor elation betwe n

comp nent level methods an in vehicle air q al ty an

— ev luating prot oty e, “low-emis ion”as embles d ring develo ment

The method desc ibed can be ex clusively pe formed as a high t empe atur t es or it can be pe formed

in combination with thedet ermination of V Cs at 6 °C in one ru , w hich isdesc ibed in ISO 1 2 9-4

2 Normati ve r eferences

The folowing document ar r fe r d t o in the t ext in such a wa that some or al of their cont ent

cons itut es r q ir ment of this document F or dat ed r fe enc s, only the edition cit ed a ples F or

un at ed r fe enc s, the lat es edition of the r fe enc d document ( inclu ing any amen ment ) a ples

ISO 1 2 9-4, Inte ior air o ro d vehicles — Part 4: Meth d fr the dete min tio o the emi s s ions o v latie

org nic c omp u ds from vehicle inte ior p rts a d materials — Smal ch mbe meth d

ISO 1 00 -6:2 1 , Indo r air — Part 6 : Dete min tio o v latie org nic c omp u ds in indo r a d tes t

ch mbe air b ac ti ve s ampln o Ten x TA

®

s orben the mal desorptio a d g s chromato ra h us in

MS or MS-FID

3 Terms and definitions

For the purp ses of this document, the t erms an definitions given in ISO 1 2 9-4 an the folowing a ply

ISO an IEC maintain t erminolo ical data ases for use in s an ardization at the folowing ad r s es:

— ISO Onlnebrow sing plat orm:a ai a le at ht p:/ www iso org o p

— IECEle tro edia: a aia le at ht p:/ www ele tro edia org

3.1

semi v lati e org nic compound

SVOC

org nic comp u d w hose b i ing p int is in the rang e from (240 °Ct o 2 0 °C)t o (3 0 °Ct o 40 °C)

Not e 1t o entry: T is clas if ication has b en def ined by the World He lth Org nization

[3]

Not e 2 to entry: Boiling points of some compou ds are diff icult or impos ible to determine b cause they

decompose b fore they b il at atmosp eric pres ure Vapour pres ure is another c it erion for clas if ication

of compou d volatility that can b used for clas if ication of org nic chemicals SV Cs have vapour pres ures

targ et semi v latie org nic compo nd

prod ct-spe if ic semi-volatie org nic compoun

) an kept u de controled con itions of t empe atur , h midity an

air chang e rat e (air flow rat e) The air inside the chambe is thoroughly mix ed at al times so that the

conc ntration of any org nic subs anc s emitt ed b the t es spe imen is uniform – both within the

chambe an in the flow of air exhaus ing from the chambe

Theair exhaus ing from the chambe is sampled for semi-v latie org nic compoun s at ele t ed times

Chemical analy sis of these samples alows the chambe air conc ntration an spe ific emis ion rat es

from the t es spe imen t o be det ermined

6 Emis ion test bed preparation

A t es bed t o det ermine g seous emis ions consis s of the folowing fu ctional component / pe ational

element :

— smal chambe ;

— air cir ulation;

— clean air sup ly;

— t empe atur , h midity, and flow control an r gulation;

— sample lne

Gene al guidel nes r g rding suita le cons ruction mat erials an con gurations of t es a paratus ar

given below R ecommen ations for contin ous monit oring of the chambe air for q al ty as uranc

purp ses ar also given in Cla use 7

A ty ical s an ard smal

chambe hasa v lume of 1m

3

± 0,0 m

3

The chambe v lume shal be spe if ied in the t es r p rt Inside

the chambe , the e isa devic for mixing the air an a s an t o guarant ee p sitioning of the comp nent

( e 6.2.2) without t ouching the wal s An inflow pipe an an outlet air pipe shal be pro ided t o adjus

the air chang e (air r newal) or t o t es the air

An ex mple of a smal chambe in the form of a flow chart is shown in Figur 1

6.2.2 Materials

Gene al spe ifications an r q ir ment , which a ply to al ty es of smal chambe s, ar pro ided below

The smal chambe method r q ir s the folowing key comp nent

6.2.2.1 A irtight smal chambe apparatus

6.2.2.2 A ppropr iate wal surfac es and rack The wal surfac s of the smal chambe an the rack

for sup orting the tes spe imen should be made of ele tr op lshed high-q alty s e l When tes ing

mate ials or component that ar e not comp tible with hot s ainles s e l (e.g tes spe imens which

emit odor ous reactive subs anc s such as some sulfur-containing comp u ds), the chambe shal be

cons ructed of ine t mate ials that don ’t emit or a sor b or ganic v p urs

6.2.2.3 He ting mechanism and temperature c ontr ol system

6.2.2.4 S mpl ng lne, cons ructed of an ine t , non-emiting an non-adsor bing mate ial which is

heated, if ne es ary, to pr event con ensation/dep sition on the in e wals The leng th of the samplng

lne shal be as short as pos ible an is r es ricted to a out 3 m It is s r ongly r ecommen ed to heat up the

samplng l ne to 1 0 °Cto pr event condensation

6.2.2.5 Cle n air suppl y and humidificatio system

6.2.2.6 A ppropriate monitoring and c ontrol systems ( o ensure that the tes is car ied out ac or ding

to spe ified con itions)

6.2.2.7 A ppropriate vapour samplng tubes ar e also req ired

6.2.2.8 A ppropriate se lng mater ials (e.g gasket or O-ring s) A ny sealng mate ials used for

seal ng the do rs or lds of the smal chambe s, shal be comp tible with high temperatur es an ex hibit

low emis ion an low a sorption pr ope ties even at elev ted temper atur es They shal not contribute

sig nificantly to the b ckg r ou d v p ur conc ntration T e O-ring s or gaskets should be easiy r emo ed

to faci tate cleaning or replac ment ( e 6.2.5) Surfac s of these p rts that ar e in contact with the smal

chambe atmospher e shal not exc ed in their sum 5 % of the smal chambe wals

6.2.3 Tightnes

In orde t o a oid u controled sample los , any leakag e shal beeithe

— les than 0,1 % of the v lume of the smal chambe pe min t e or

— les than 5 % of the incoming air (del ve y air/sup ly air) in t es s with air chang e (air r newal) at

10 0 Pa ex ces pr s ur

In orde t o avoid air inflow from out ide, a smal ex ces pr s ur with r g rd t o the atmosphe ic

pr s ur in the la orat ory or a volume o er-cur ent shal be used

6.2.4 A ir mix ing

This method r les on the air inside the chambe being thoroughly mix ed A suita le devic for mixing

the air is r q ir d, that can also fulf il this pr r q isit e w hen t es ing larg e-v lume, bulky mat erial

The flow rat e ( flow velocity) in the mid leof the empty smal chambe shal ex ce d 0,1 m/s

NOTE Suita le eq ipment or me suring air velocity inclu es hot wire or f ilm anemomet er calibrated in the

rang e 0,1 m/s t o 0,5 m/s

6.2.5 Cle ning

The chambe shal be easy t o clean – me hanicaly an the mal y, inclu ing r ady ac es t o seals

an g sket S e 7.3 for pe formanc c it eria r lating t o b ckgrou d levels an se 9.2 an 9.3.4 for

information on cleaning proc d r s

6.3 Smal chamber temperature c ontrol

The chambe t empe atur shal be pr cisely controled be ause the e is a s rong lnk betwe n

t empe atur an the chemical emis ion rat e The chambe shal be a le t o maintain a given t empe atur

within ± 1 °C Emis ion rat es ar spe if ic t o a p rticular t empe atur ; the efor , it is es ential t o

maintain a cons ant t empe atur within thesmal chambe throughout the emis ion t es / comp rative

analyses

6.4 A ir humidification

The h midif ication of the sup ly air in the smal chambe shal be car ied out in such a wa that the

formation of st eam, v p ur, an ae osols is ruled out Maintain a r lative h midity of 5 % at 6 °C in

the sup ly air using the h midification unit This cor esp nds t o a r lative h midity of5 % at 2 °Cor

a dew point of 1 ,4 °C It is ty ical t o maintain a targ et ed dew p int t empe atur an then t o r heat t o

a spe if ied air t empe atur b the fe db ck from a RH sensor in the chambe Maintaining a cons ant

dew p int an air t empe atur prod c s a ve y cons ant r lative h midity

6.5 Cle n air suppl y

Tes s with air chang e or air r newal an air sampl ng r q ir a flow of clean air An air chang e or air

r newal of 0,4 h

−

, un e the t es con itions (6 °C, ambient pr s ur ), shal be set with an ac uracy

of ± 5 % When r gulating the sup ly air flow, the t empe atur an pr s ur conditions at w hich the

mas flow controle wascalbrat ed shal be taken int o ac ount

To pr vent local z d co lng of the chambe an mat erial/comp nent near the air inlet, the inlet air

sup ly is normaly heat ed up in the heating jacket betwe n the smal chambe an the out er t es ca inet

Befor the s art of a t es , the sum of the conc ntrationsof v latie an semi-volatie org nic hydrocarb n

combinations in the supply air shal not be mor than 5 µg m

−

; for in ivid al subs anc s, the

conc ntration shal not be mor than 5 µg m

Figure 1 — Emis io test bed of the smal chamber

7 Q ual ty c ontrol

The minimum r q ir ment for smal chambe emis ionsar l st ed below

Er ors can oc ur through the int egration of n me ous t ech ical functions within a smal chambe ;

the efor , r gular and thorough inspe tions of the w hole syst em ar r q ir d Sinc these e rors can

afe t a t es r sult, the inspe tion of the smal chambe shal be int egrat ed int o a c edita le q alty

as uranc syst em or a comp ra le contin al o se v tion method

S ve al imp rtant t es methods for measuring t es p ramet ers ar desc ibed below

7.2 A irtightnes

7.2.1 General

The airtightnes of the smal chambe is che ked at an ex ces pr s ur of 1 0 0 Pa b measuring the

pr s ur dro o e a time pe iod of 2 h The sensitivenes of the pr s ur pick-of/ r s ur transd c r

should be smale than 1 0 Pa with an ac uracy of ± 5 % The a e ag e v lue of thespe ific leak rat e, n

L,

r fe ring t o the smal chambe v lume in thousan th pe hour d ring this pe iod is calculat ed:

n

t

p

pL

is the a solut e pr s ur in the smal chambe at the en of the t es , in Pa;

t is the pe iod of time of the leak rat e det ermination, in hours

7.2.2 A lternati ve proc edure 1

The tightnes of the smal chambe is det ermined b measuring the half-l fe t

/

of the pr s ur dro

in the smal chambe with an ex ces pr s ur of 1 00 Pa Half-l fe is the pe iod of time in w hich the

ex ces pr s ur has r ached half of it initial v lue W ith it, the spe if ic leak rat e, n

L, %, r fe ring t o the

smal chambe in pe c ntag e pe hour, can be det ermined ac ording t o F ormula (2) The tightnes is

det ermined at a smal chambe t empe atur of 6 °C

n

t

p

p tL,%

/ln

7.2.3 A lternati ve proc edure 2

Thesmal chambe shal be airtight if the leakag e is les than 5 % of the sup ly air flow The tightnes is

det ermined at a smal chambe t empe atur of 6 °C

Air spe ds ar measur d c ntraly in the empty smal chambe Hot wir , film or impele w he l

anemomet ers can be used for measuring

7.3 Rec over y and sink efects

The r co e y of org nic v p urs can be det ermined b introd cing a k own mas of one or mor spe ific

org nic comp u d( ) int o the chambe on a suita le subs rat e an b sampl ng the t otal mas of v p ur

r co e ed from thesmal chambe exha us Ex mplesof compoun s commonly used for r co e y t es s

inclu e: t oluene, n-dode ane, dihexy lphthalat e, an sur o at e p lar comp u ds, e.g 2-ethy lhex nol

The ad ition of a k own mas of a comp u d int o the smal chambe can be pe formed eithe via a

syring e inje t ed int o a subs rat e or through the sup ly air