Tiêu chuẩn iso 12625 4 2016

© ISO 2016 Tissue paper and tissue products — Part 4 Determination of tensile strength, stretch at maximum force and tensile energy absorption Papier tissue et produits tissue — Partie 4 Détermination[.]

© ISO 2 16

Part 4:

Pa ier tissue et produits tissue —

Partie 4 : Déte mination de la résista c à la ru tur p r traction,de

l’alo gement à la fr e ma imale et de l’a sorption d’é e gie à la

ru tur p r traction

S con edition

2 16-1 -0

Refer ence n mb r

ISO 1 62 -4:2 16(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT

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F reword i v

1 Sc ope 1

2 Nor mati ve r eferenc es 1

3 Terms an definitions 1

4 Principle 2

5 A pparatus 2

6 Co ditioning 3

7 Preparatio of test piec es 3

7.1 General

3 7.2 Dimensions 3

7.3 Numbe of tes pie es 4

8 Proc ed re .4

9 Calculation 4

9.1 General 4

9.2 Tensie s r eng th 4

9.3 Tensie index

5 9.4 Str etch at max imum for ce 5

9.5 Tensie ener g y a sorption 5

9.6 Tensie ener g y a sorption index 6

10 Test rep r t 6

A nne x A (informative)Precisio 7

Biblog raphy 9

ISO (he Int ernational Org nization for Stan ardization) is a worldwidefede ation of national s an ards

b dies (ISO membe b dies) The work of pr p ring Int ernational Stan ards is normaly car ied out

through ISO t ech ical committ ees Each membe b dy int er st ed in a subje t for w hich a t ech ical

committ ee has be n es a lshed has the right t o be r pr sent ed on that committ ee Int ernational

org nizations, g ove nmental an non-g ove nmental, in laison with ISO, also take part in the work

ISO cola orat es closely with the Int ernational Ele trot ech ical C mmis ion (IEC) on al matt ers of

ele trot ech ical s an ardization

The proc d r s used t o develo this document an those int en ed for it furthe maint enanc ar

desc ibed in the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 1 In p rticular the dife ent a pro al c it eria ne ded for the

dife ent ty es of ISO document should be not ed This document was draft ed in ac ordanc with the

edit orial rules of the ISO/IEC Dir ctives, Part 2 ( e www.iso.org dir ctives)

A tt ention is drawn t o the p s ibi ity that some of the element of this document ma be the subje t of

p t ent right ISO shal not be held r sponsible for identifying any or al such p t ent right Detais of

any p t ent right identified d ring the develo ment of the document wi be in the Introd ction an / r

on the ISO ls of p t ent de larations r c ived ( e www.iso.org p t ent )

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenienc of use s an does not

cons itut e an en orsement

For an ex lanation on the meaning of ISO spe ific t erms an ex r s ions r lated to conformity as es ment,

as wel as information a out ISO’s adhe enc to the Wor ld Trade Org nization (WTO) principles in the

Te h ical Bar ie s to Trade (TBT) se the folowing URL: www.iso.org/ iso/for word.html

This document was pr p r d b the Euro ean C mmitt ee Stan ardization (CEN) Te h ical C mmitt ee

CEN /TC 1 2, Pulp, p pe a d b ard, in cola oration with ISO Te h ical Committ ee TC 6, Pa e , b ard

a d p lps , Subcommitt ee SC 2, Tes t meth ds a d q alt y s pec ific atio s fr p pe a d b ard, in ac ordanc

with the Agr ement on t ech ical co pe ation betwe n ISO an CEN (V ien a Agr ement)

This se on edition canc ls an r plac s the firs edition (ISO 1 6 5-4:2 0 ), w hich has be n

t ech icaly r vised with the folowing chang es:

a) “ tr t ch at br ak” was r plac d b “ tr t ch at ma imum for e” ;

c) then mbe of t es pie es r q ir d has be n clarif ied with mor detai ed information;

f) this document has be n edit orialy updat ed

A l s of al p rt in theISO 1 6 5 se ies can be fou d on theISO websit e

Tissue paper and tissue products —

Part 4:

This document spe if ies a t es method for the det ermination of the t ensie s r ngth, s r t ch at

ma imum for e an t ensi e ene g a sorption of tis ue p pe an tis ue prod ct It uses a t ensi

e-t es ing a p ratus o e ating with a cons ant rat e of elong tion

It also spe ifies the method of calculating the t ensi e in ex an the t ensi e ene g a sorption in ex

In cases w he e impurities an contraries ha e t o be det ermined, ISO 1 7 5

[6]

a ples for these

det ections in tis ue pa e an tis ue prod ct

2 Normati ve r eferences

The folowing document ar r fe r d t o in the t ext in such a wa that some or al of their cont ent

cons itut es r q ir ment of this document F or dat ed r fe enc s, only the edition cit ed a ples F or

un at ed r fe enc s, the lat es edition of the r fe enc d document ( inclu ing any amen ment ) a ples

ISO 1 6, Pa e a d b ard — S mpln to dete mine a e a e q alt y

ISO 1 7, Pa e , b ard a d p lps — Sta dard atmos phe e fr c onditio in a d tes tin a d proc edur fr

mo itorin the atmos phe e a d c onditio in o s amples

ISO 1 24- 2, Pa e a d b ard — Dete min tio o tens ile pro erties — Part 2 : Co s ta t rate o elo g tio

meth d (2 mm/min )

ISO 7 00-1, Metal c materials — Calbratio a d verific atio o s tatic u iax ial tes tin machines — Part 1:

Tens ion/c ompr s s ion tes tin machines — Calbratio a d ve ific atio o the frc e -meas urin sys tem

3 Terms and definitions

For the purp ses of this document, the t erms an definitions given in ISO 1 6 5-1 an the folowing a pply

ISO an IEC maintain t erminolo ical data ases for use in s an ardization at the folowing ad r s es:

— IECEle tro edia: a aia le at ht p:/ www.ele tro edia.org

— ISO Onlne brow sing plat orm:a ai a le at ht p:/ www.iso.org o p

3.1

tensi e strength

ma imum t ensie for e pe u it width that a t es pie e wi l withs an befor br aking in a t ensie t es

3.2

tensi e index

tens ile s tr n th (3.1) divided b grammag e

stretch at maximum for e

ratio of the elong tion of a t es pie e, o e it initial length, at the moment w hen the ma imum t ensie

for e is r ached d ring a t ensie t es

Not e 1t o entry: Stretch at ma imum for e is e pres ed as a per enta e of the initial length

3.4

tensie energy absorptio

TEA

amou t of ene g a sorbed pe u it surfac ar a of a t es pie e w hie being s r t ched, unti the onset of

br ak ( he moment of ma imum t ensie for e) in a t ensie t es

[ SOURCE:ISO 1 6 5-1:2 1 , 4.5 ]

3.5

tensie energy absorptio index

tens ile ene g a sorptio (3.5)divided b grammag e

[ SOURCE:ISO 1 24- 2:2 0 , 3.7]

4 Principle

A t es pie e of tis ue p pe or tis ue prod ct, of given dimensions, is s r t ched t o br ak at a cons ant

rat e of elong tion using a t ensi e-t es ing a paratus that measur s and r cords the t ensi e for e as a

fu ction of the elong tion of the t es pie e

From the r corded data, the t ensie s r ngth, the cor espon ing s r t ch at ma imum for e an the

t ensie ene g a sorption can be calculat ed

The t es can be car ied out b a ve tical or a horizontal t ensie s r ngth t est er Pr cision data ar

a ai a le in An ex A

5.1 Tensie-testing apparatus

5.1.1 General

The t ensie-t es ing a p ratus shal be in ac ordanc with ISO 1 24- 2 It is ca a le of s r t ching

a t es pie e of tis ue p pe or tis ue prod ct of given dimensions, at a cons ant rat e of elong tion of

(5 ± 2)mm/min, an r cording thet ensi e for e as a function of elong tion on a s rip chart r corde or

any eq iv lent devic

The elong tion shal be r corded t o an ac uracy of ± ,1 mm The measur ment of the elong tion shal

s art at a t ension of (5 ±1) N / m

The for e-measuring sy st em shal measur lo ds with an ac uracy of ± % of the r ading or ± ,1 N,

w hicheve is gr at er, an shal be calbrat ed an ve ified t o conform t o the r q ir ment of ISO 7 0 -1

5.1.2 Me ns for me sur ing the area of the for c e-elongatio cur ve

The t ensie-t es ing a p ratus shal pro ide a means for measuring the ar a between the for

e-elong tion curve an the elong tion a is t o an ac uracy of ±2 % of the true v lue as det ermined b

n me ical int egration of the raw data

NOTE Most modern tensile test er are eq ip ed with an electronic or electro-mechanical inte rat or that

can b used for this p rpose T e are can also b determined from a grap icaloutp t of the data on chart paper

using a planimet er

5.1.3 Clamps

The t ensie-t es ing a p ratus shal ha e two clamps of at leas 5 mm in width Each clamp shal be

designed t o grip the t es pie e f irmly along a s raight l ne ac os theful width of the t es pie e, without

causing any damag e, an shal ha e means for adjus ing the clamping for e

The clamps should pr fe a ly gripthe t es pie e betwe n a cy lin rical an a flat urfac , with the plane

of the t es pie e tang ential t o the cy lin rical surfac Othe ty es of clamps ma be used if it can be

ensur d that the t es pie e does not lp or sufe any damag e d ring the t es

During the t es , the clamping l nes shal be p ralel t o each othe within an angle of 1° The clamping

l nes shal be pe pen icular t o the dir ction of the a pled t ensie for e an t o the long es dimension of

the t es pie e t o the same level of ac uracy

The dis anc betwe n the clamping l nes ( i.e the t es span length) shal be adjust ed t o (1 0 ± 1) mm,

ex cept that a t es sp n length of (5 ± 1) mm shal be used for f inished p pe prod ct of w hich one or

b th of the dimensions is insuff icient t o pro ide a t es pie e of thelength r q ir d in 7.2

NOTE Toilet tis ue she ts having one or b th dimensions of a out 9 mm are an e ample of such a material

5.2 C t ing devic e

The cut ing devic shal be ca a le of r peat edly cut ing t es pie es (5 ,0 ± 0,5) mm wide, with

un amag ed, s raight, smo th an p ralel edg es

Condition the samples ac ording to ISO 1 7 an k eep them in the s an ard atmosphe e throughout

the tes

Con itioning shal be done prior t o the pr paration of t es pie es

7 Preparation oftest pieces

7.1.1 If the tes s ar e being made to ev luate a lo the sample shal be sele ted in ac or danc with

ISO 1 6 If the tes s are being made on anothe type of sample, make sure that the spe imens taken

ar e r epr esentative of the sample Each tes pie e shal be fr ee fr om pe forations an fault not normaly

in erent in the tis ue

7.1.2 F r conve ted tis ue pr od cts, testing shal be done on the pr od ct as r ec ived, r egar dles of

the n mbe of ples which ar e sup led as a prod ct u it Generaly, a sing le finished pr od ct she t is

suita le for use as a tes pie e

7.1.3 Tis ue that has not be n conve ted into a finished pr od ct shal be tes ed as a single ply u les

othe wise ag reed betwe n the p rties conc rned

7.2 Dimensions

Each t es pie e shal be (5 ,0 ± 0,5) mm in width an at leas 1 0 mm in length W ith the ex ception of

tis ue pa e or tis ue prod ct with an emb s ed p tt ern o e al or p rt of the surfac , the t es pie es

shal be fr e of c eases, kinks, wrin les, folds or othe thick es v riations

F or finished prod ct with dimensions or pe forations w hich make cut ing of a t es pie e of at leas

1 0 mm imp s ible, cut the long es pie e p s ible In such cases, a t es sp n length of (5 ± 1) mm

for the t ensie t est er clamps (5.1.3) shal be used This deviation from the normal proc d r shal be

r corded in the t es r p rt

7.3 Number of test piec es

Cut at leas 1 t es pie es in the machine dir ction an 1 t es pie es in the c os dir ction for the

sele t ed spe imens, making a t otal of at leas 2 t es pie es from each sample of tis ue p pe or tis ue

prod ct

8 Proc edure

8.1 E sur e that the tensie-tes ing a p r atus is calbrated an che k the z r o p sition of ther ecor ding

devic Che k that the clamps ar e alg ned to me t ther eq irement in 5.1.3

8.2 The elongation r ate betwe n the clamps shal be kept cons ant at 5 ± 2) mm/min (5.1)

8.3 Plac the tes pie e in the clamps so that any o se v ble slack is elminated but the tes pie e is

not plac d u de any sig nificant strain (5.1) The tes pie e shal not be clamped with a tension g r eate

than 5 N/m

8.4 Do not touch the tes ar ea of the tes pie e betwe n the clamps with the fing ers A lig n the tes pie e

as p ralel as p s ible to the pul ng dir ection, tightly clamp thetes pie e an initiate the test

8.5 Tes the tes pie es fr om each sample Re ord al r eading s, exc pt for tes pie es that br eak within

5 mm fr om the clamping lne, u ti 1 v ld results are a vai a le for each dir ection If mor e than 2 %

of the tes pie es cut fr om a p rticular spe imen break w ithin 5 mm of the clamping lne, r eje t al the

reading s o tained for that spe imen Inspe t the a p r atus for conformity w ith the spe ifications an

take the a pr opriate r emedial measur es

Calculat e an r p rt the r sult sep rat ely for the machine dir ction an for the c os dir ction from

9.2 Tensi e streng th

Calculat e the mean ma imum t ensie for e (F) in newt ons from al the single v lues ( F) a aia le

r pr senting ac epta le t es r sult Calculat e the mean t ensie s r ngth (S)from F ormula (1):

S

F

w

x

3

(1)

w he e

S

is the t ensi e s r ngth, ex r s ed in newt ons pe metr (N /m);

F

is the ma imum t ensi e for e in newt ons (N);

w

x

is the initial width, in mi lmetr s, of the t es pie e (5 mm)

R ep rt he t ensie s r ngth in newt ons pe metr t o thr e signif icant f igur s

9.3 Tensi e inde x

Calculat e the t ensie in ex, I, from F ormula (2):

I S

g

w he e

I is thet ensie in ex, ex r s ed in newt on metr s pe gram (Nm/ );

S

is thet ensie s r ngth in newt ons pe metr (N /m);

g is thegrammag e, in grams pe sq ar metr (g m

2

), det ermined ac ording t o ISO 1 6 5-6

R ep rt the t ensi e in ex in newt on metr s pe gram t o thr e significant f igur s

9.4 Str etch at max imum forc e

Calculat e the mean elong tion at br ak cor esp n ing t o the s r t ch of the t es pie e at the moment

w hen the ma imum for e is r ached Calculat e the s r t ch at ma imum for e, A, from F ormula (3):

A

l

ε

w he e

A is the mean s r t ch at ma imum for e in pe c ntag e (% );

ε is the mean elong tion at ma imum for e in mi imetr s (mm);

l is t he length of th e tes pie e betwe n t he clamps, before elonga tion ( e 5.1.3), in mi im et res (mm)

R eport the r sult t o the f irs de imal plac

9.5 Tensi e ener g y absor ption

Det ermine the ar a u de the for e-elong tion curve up t o the p int of ma imum t ensie for e and

calculat e the t ensie ene g a sorption, Z, from F ormula (4 ):

Z E

=

×

an the mean t ensie ene g a sorption, Z, from F ormula (5):

Z Z

n

=

∑

(5)

w he e

Z is the t ensi e ene g a sorption b a single t es pie e d ring the t es unti ma imum for e, in

joules pe sq ar metr (J/m

2

);

Z

is themean t ensie ene g a sorption in joules pe sq ar metr (J /m

2

);

E is thework, in mi ljoules, eq iv lent t o the ar a u de the for e /elong tion curve (mJ);

w is the initial width, in mi lmetr s, of the t es pie e (5 mm);

l is the initial t es length, in mi lmetr s( tandard 1 0 mm);

n is the n mbe of single v lues of the t ensi e ene g a sorption

R eport he mean t ensieene g a sorption in joules pe sq ar metr (J/m

2

) t o the firs de imal plac

9.6 Tensi e ener g y absorption index

Calculat e the t ensie ene g a sorption in ex, I

Z , using F ormula (6):

I

Z

g Z

w he e

I

Z

is the t ensie ene g a sorption in ex, in joules pe gram (J/ );

Z

is the mean t ensie ene g a sorption, in joules pe sq ar metr (J/m

2

);

g is the grammag e, in grams pe squar metr (g/ m

2

), det ermined in ac ordanc with ISO 1 6 5-6

R eport he t ensie ene g a sorption in ex, in joules pe gram, t o the firs de imal plac

10 Test repor t

The t es r p rt shal inclu e the fol owing information:

a) a r fe enc t o this document, i.e ISO 1 6 5-4;

b) thedat e and plac of t es ing;

c) the desc iption an identification of the sample (for ex mple, prod ct cat eg ory and dimensions

un e t es );

d) the n mbe of single v lues used t o calculat e the t ensie s r ngth, elong tion at ma imum for e

an t ensie ene g a sorption;

e) themean t ensi e s r ngth in machine an c os dir ction in newt ons pe metr t o thr e signif icant

f igur s;

f) thes an ard deviation or coefficient of v riation t o two significant f igur s;

g) themean s r t ch at ma imum for e, in pe c ntag e, in the machine an c os dir ction, roun ed t o

thefirs de imal plac , s andard deviation or coefficient of v riation;

h) the t ensie ene g a sorption in machine an c os dir ction, in joules pe sq ar metr , rou ded

t o the firs de imal;

i) any deviation from this document an any othe cir ums anc s that ma ha e afe t ed the t es

r sult ;

j) thecon itioning atmosphe eused