Tiêu chuẩn iso 09985 1996 scan

IS0 IEC on al mater s of electr otec nical stan ar dization... 2.2 Tr an lter ation is the pr oces of r epr esentin the c ar acter s’ of an alpha etical or s la ic s stem of w r itin by

STANDARD 9985

First e itio

19 6-l 2-l 5

Inf or mation et doc mentation - T r an lt&ation des car acthes ar mhien

This material is r epr od c d fom IS0 d c me ts u d r Internatio al

IH IC /19 6 Not for r esale No p rt of h s IS0 d c me ts may be

r eprod c d in an form, ele to ic retiev al s stem or oth r w is , e c pt

as alow ed in t he c py g t law of t he c u tr y of u e, or w ith th pr i r

w r ite c n e t of IS0 (Cas po tale 5 ,Zl Ge ev a 2 , Sw itz rlan , F x

+ 1 2 734 10 79) IH or t he IS0 Lic n er’s member s

Refere ce numb r

IS0 9 8 :19 6(E)

For ew or d

IS0 (the Inter national Or ganization f or Stan ar dization) is a w or l w ide

f eder ation of national stan ar ds b dies (IS0 memb r b dies) T he w or k of

pr ep r i g Inter national Stan ar ds is nor maly car r ied out thr ou h IS0

r epr esented on that commite Inter national or ganization , gov er nmental

a nd non-gov er nmental, in laison w ith ISO, also ta e p r t in the w or k IS0

(IEC) on al mater s of electr otec nical stan ar dization

cir culated to the memb r b dies for v otin Publcation as an Inter national

Stan ar d r eq ir es a pr ov al by at le st 7 % of the memb r b dies castin

a v ote

Conv er sion of w r iten lan uages

A nnexes A an B of this Inter national Stan ar d ar e for inf or mation only

0 IS0 19 6

Al r i hts r es r v ed Unle s oth r w is spe r fie , n pr t of this publcatio may be

repr od c d or utiz d in an form or by an mean , ele to ic or me hanical in lu in

ph to opyr ng a nd mrcrofim, w ith ut permrs io in w ritin fr om th publs er

Inter natio al Or ganizatio for Stan ar dizatio

Cas Po tale 5 l C -121 Ge ev e 2 Sw itz rlan

Pr i te in Sw r tz rlan

i

Intr oduction

This Inter national Stan ar d is one of a ser ies of Inter national Stan ar ds,

Inter national Stan ar d an other s in the ser ies is to pr ov ide a me n for

inter national commu ication of w r iten mes ages in a f or m w hic p r mits

entir ely r ev er sible

a sthetic mater s nor to cer tain national c stoms: al these con ider ation

ar e, in e d, ig or ed by the mac ine p r f or min the f un tion

The ado tion of this Inter national Stan ar d for inter national commu ication

le v es ev er y cou tr y fr ee to ado t f or its ow n u e a national stan ar d

u ed in an str i t national s stems

ambig ity T he r es lt o tained w il not giv e a cor r ect pr on n iation of the

or i inal text in a p r son’s ow n lan uage; but it w il ser v e as a me n of

fin in automaticaly the or i inal gr aphism an th s alow an one w ho has

a know led e of the or i inal lan uage to pr onou ce it cor r ectly Simiar l ,

one can only pr onou ce cor r ectly a text w r iten in, f or example, En ls or

Pols , if one has a know led e of En ls or Pols

Stan ar d w il p r mit the r epr esentation, in an inter national publcation, of

or der to take into ac ou t the n mb r of the c ar acter sets av aia le on

diff er ent kin s of mac ines

Infor mation and documentation

T his Inter national Stan ar d esta ls es a s stem f or the tr an lter ation of the moder n A r menian alpha et into L tin

c ar acter s, in ac or dan e w ith the pr i ciples of str i gent conv er sion in or der to p r mit inter national infor mation

p r tic lar biblogr aphical w or k w her e c ar acter s mu t b conv er ted f r om diff er ent w r itin s stems into a sin le

alpha et to alow f or alpha etical inter calation in biblogr aphies, catalog es, in exes, to on mic lsts, etc

I is in isp n a le in that it p r mits the u iv ocal tr an mis ion of a w r iten mes age b tw een tw o cou tr ies u in

T he tw o b sic method of conv er sion of a s stem of w r itin ar e tr an lter ation an tr an c ption

2.2 Tr an lter ation is the pr oces of r epr esentin the c ar acter s’) of an alpha etical or s la ic s stem of w r itin

by the c ar acter s of a conv er sion alpha et

a nd u ambig ou r ev er sibi ty of the conv er sion alpha et in the conv er ted s stem

In cer tain ex e tional cases, f or example, w hen the n mb r of c ar acter s u ed in the conv er sion s stem is smaler

t han the n mb r of c ar acter s of the conv er ted s stem, it is neces ar y to u e digr aph or diac tical mar ks In this

c ase, ar bitr ar y c oices an the u e of pur ely conv entional mar ks s al b av oided as f ar as p s ible, an a cer tain

phonetic logic s al b maintained in or der to giv e the s stem a w ide ac e tan e

1) A c ar acter is a eleme t of a alp a etical or oth r typ of writing s stem th t gra hicaly re rese ts a p o eme, a

s la le, a word or e e a proso ical ch racteristic of a giv n la g age It is u e eith r alo e (or example a leter, a s la ic

sign, a id ogra hical ch racter, a digit, a punctuatio mark ) or in combin tio (or example a ac e t, a diacritical mark ) A

leter h ving a ac e t or a diacritical mark , for example 8, e, 6, is th refore a ch racter in th same way as a b sic leter,

1

How ev er , it mu t b ac e ted that the gr aphism o tained can ot alw ay b cor r ectly pr onou ced ac or din to the

phonetic ha its of the lan uage (or of al the lan uages) w hic u ualy u e(s) the conv er sion alpha et On the other

2.3 Retr an lter ation is the pr oces w her eby the c ar acter s of a conv er sion alpha et ar e tr an f or med b ck into

t hose of the conv er ted w r itin s stem I is the exact o p site of the tr an lter ation pr oces in that the r ules of a

t r an lter ation s stem ar e a pled in r ev er se so as to r econv er t the tr an lter ated w or d to its or i inal f or m

c onv er sion lan uage

T r an c ption is not str i tly r ev er sible

s stems that ar e not entir ely alpha etical or s la ic an for al ide phonogr aphical s stems of w r itin lk Chinese

t r an lter ation or tr an c ption or a combination of the tw o may b u ed de en in on the natur e of the conv er ted

ev er y case fr om imp sin , as a mater of cour se, solution that ar e actualy ju tified only by national pr actice (f or

example, as r egar ds pr on n iation, or thogr aph , etc.)

W hen a cou tr y u es tw o s stems to w r ite its ow n lan uage so that they ar e u iv ocaly conv er tible into e c othe

s stem, as f ar as it is comp tible w ith the other pr i ciples ad r es ed her ea e

but also the pu ctuation mar ks, n mb r s, etc Simiar l , the ar r an ement of the seq en e of c ar acter s that ma e

up the text f or example the dir ection of the s r ipt s ould b taken into ac ou t T he w ay of distin uis in w or ds

f olow in national u age

T he f ir st lev el is that of completely r ev er sible str i gent tr an lter ation w hic is neces ar y to atain in ful the aim

giv en in 2.2 This conv er sion a ples al pr i ciples of tr an lter ation w ithout ex e tion I do s not p r mit v ar iants I

can b u eful to distin uis the en or b gin in of s la ic The conv entional s stems of str i gent tr an lter ation

or thogr aph T hey p r mit the u iv ocal inter national tr an mis ion of mes ages by mec anical or electr onic me n

t he pr i ciple of str i gent conv er sion T hese can then b u ed as a b sis for the esta ls ment of r ules for simplf ied

c onv er sion an f or pr ep r ation of national stan ar ds

The secon lev el is that of simplf ied conv er sion T he simplf i ation can b made neces ar y, f or example, by the

u e of mac ines that do not ac e t al the alpha etical c ar acter s r eq ir ed for str i gent conv er sion The method of

w r iten in a u if or m man er in the new sp p r s of a giv en cou tr y I is o lged to ta e into ac ou t phonetic or

gr aphic pr actices an ther ef or e can only b national

lan uages, these c ar acter s w ould b tr an lter ated in the same w ay, ir r esp ctiv e of the lan uage they b lon to

3.3 I the alpha et of the conv er ted s stem giv es a diff er ent for m to the same c ar acter ac or din to its place in

the w or d (as is the case for example in the A r abic, He r ew an Gr ee alpha ets) the conv er sion alpha et w il u e

only one c ar acter of con tant f or m

4 Tr anslteratio ta le

T able 1

No

Tra slteratio

No

9

l

9

I

ul

P

3

C

+

P

P’

t:

d

NOT - For th diacritic u e , se a n x A

5 Punctuatio

T he A r menian sp cif i pu ctuation mar ks ar e tr an lter ated in ta le 2

T able 2

,

3

I

IS0 6 6,2/ 14

IS0 6 6, 2/l

IS0 6 6, 3/l 0

IS0 6 6, 3/l 5

IS0 5 2 , 414

IS0 5 2 , 4/13

Ex lamation mar k

Colon

Question mar k

Tide

Double ac te ac ent

T he lgatur e & is con ider ed as a seq en e of tw o c ar acter s an is tr an lter ated by the c ar acter s Numb r 5

T he lgatur e -is con ider ed as a seq en e of tw o c ar acter s an is tr an lter ated by the c ar acter s Numb r 2

Annex A

(infor mativ e)

The diac tic an sp cific c ar acter s u ed in this Inter national Stan ar d ar e taken f r om the code ta le of IS0 5 2

Ta le A 1 in icates their p sition in the code ta le an their name

T able A 1

No

(ta le I)

7

8

9

10

18

19

2

2

2

2

3

3

3

3

4/ l 1

High comma of ce tre

4i7

Dot a o e

4/ l 5

41 5

4/ l 5

4/ l 1

4/l 1

High comma of ce tre

Annex B

[ I ISO/IEC 6 6:19 1, Inf or mation tec nolog - IS0 7-bit coded c ar acter set for infor mation inter chan e

[2] IS0 5 2 : 19 3, Exten ion of the L tin alpha et coded c ar acter set for biblogr aphic inf or mation inter chan e

7

ICS 01.14 10

De criptors: d c me tatio w ritin , leter s (s mbols), Ar me ian c aracter s, tan lteratlo , L tin c ar acter s

Pn e bs d o 7 p g s