ninh bình theo dòng lịch sử

Cudn sdeh "Ninh Binh theo dbng lich sic vd van hod" da ndi len dieu do.. Thoat ddu mdi xem thi thd'y dan gidn: Cdc bdi viet ve mdi di tich bng ddnh ra vai tram co bdi vai ngdn chiX de g

G U Y E N V A N T R O

V A N H O A D A N T O C

NINHBINH THEODONGUCHSi)'VANHOA

C U N G B A N D O C

La ngiidi co vai trb quart trong trong ban quart ly di tich "thang earth Ninh Birth, 6ng Nguyen Van Trb da di nhieu tarn huyet vdo cong viec Cudn sdeh

"Ninh Binh theo dbng lich sic vd van hod" da ndi len dieu do

Thoat ddu mdi xem thi thd'y dan gidn: Cdc bdi viet ve mdi di tich bng ddnh ra vai tram co bdi vai ngdn chiX de gidi thieu ve lich sii, khdo td khong gian til kien true den cdc chi tie't trang tri, cdc hinh thiic le hoi, ngdy vdo dam, ra dam, trb dien, Idi ca" Nhulng khi nhin lai todn

bp mdi thd'y cong phu Qua do ngtfdi ta

co the nhdn dien diCdc gWdng mat van hod - lich sii ciia non nvtdc Ninh Binh Day qua la viing ddt dia link nhdn kiet, mot thdi Id kinh do vang bong trdi Nam, mot tac ddt deu gdn lien vdi lich sti dUng nxidc vd giit nildc khong rieng thdi Dinh -

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5

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Ben canh cdc gid tri lich sii cua cdc di tich non ntfdc Ninh Binh cung con cd mot he thong thdng canh quy tu tit Tarn Diep din Hoa Lie Nhiing Tarn Cdc, Bich Dong hiem yiu ma thd mdng, nhiing nui non du'dc thdi gian got riia de lai cho Ninh Binh mot thien nhien cam tu khiin

ai mot Idn qua deu de lai ndi nhd nhii la xii tien canh giita chd'n trdn gian Di sdn lich sii van hod vd thdng canh cua Ninh Binh da tiing la tiem nang cho du lich, gid day trong sii phdt triin no se du'dc khai thdc, de ngiidi trong nUdc vd ban be bd'n phiidng cd dip din chiem ngUdng vong ve cd qua khii hdo hung cua dng cha

Sap tdi Ha Ndi ky niem nghin nam Thdng Long, ma ddt Hoa Ltf Ninh Binh

cd sii gdn kit lich sii vdi thii do, bdi cudc thien do cua Nhd Ly tit Hoa Lit din kinh thdnh Thdng Long nam 1010 Cudn sdch

"Ninh Binh theo dbng lich sii van hod"

ra ddi se Id mot ddng gdp rat cd gid tri vdo ngdy le trong cua ddt nUdc, la mot mdn qua quy tang cho ban doc quan tarn din lich sit cua dan toe

Miia thu 2004

0 6 o t f c

N I N H B I N H

T H E O D O N G L | C H S L f V A N H O A Song nui thUdng la bieu tUOng cua mot vung

que n h U : N u i N u n g song N h i ( H a N o i ) , song

L a m n u i H o n g ( N g h e A n ) , song H u o n g n u i N g U ( H u e ) , n u i A n song T r a ( Q u a n g N g a i ) , n o n C o i song V i ( N a m D i n h ) , n u i D o i song C h a u ( H a

N a m ) , n u i T h u y song V a n ( N i n h B i n h )

Song V a n , m o t c h i n h a n h cua song D a y co

a n h hUOng s a u sac den ctdi song v a n hoa cua

-da co n h i e u k y n i e m v d i n u i N o n N u 6 c T r o n g

b a i "Due T h u y Sdn L i n h Te t h a p k y " , T r U d n g

H a n S i e u da cho b i e t " T h a p cao b d n t a n g , d e m

t o a hao q u a n g , n g U d i d x a , g a n d e n t r o n g t h a y r5" T r U d n g H a n S i e u c u n g l a n g U d i do'i t e n n u i

tii B a n g Son t h a n h Due T h u y Son ( C h i m t r a

t r i , k i n h te, v a n hoa cua t i n h

9

V u n g d a t n a y co n i n g n u i , d o n g b a n g v a v e n

b i e n , l a v u n g d e m g i i i a Bac bo v a T r u n g bo

V u n g d a t p h u sa co v e n c h a n n u i co con

n g u d i cU t r u tu: r a t sdm Cac n h a k h a o co hoc

da p h a t h i e n t r a m t i c h co xUOng r a n g d u d i Udi

va cac d o n g v a t t r e n c a n 0 N u i B a ( T a r n D i e p

t h u o c so k y do da c u each t a k h o a n g 30 v a n

n a m ( 1 ) 0 T h u n g L a n g ( T a r n D i e p ) co n i e n d a i each t a k h o a n g 30 n g h i n n a m , d o n g NgUOi XUa (Cue PhUOng) co d i c h i cU t r u cua con n g U d i

> Theo nha dja chat hoc Xoranh, thi do la xuong rang

ngudi nguyen thuy, nhi/ng chua tim thay cong cu lao dong

<2> Trinh Hoang Hiep, Ha Van Phung ket qua khai quat

di chi Dong VUdn Ian thd nhat, nhu'ng phat hien mdi ve khao cd hoc nam 2002 NXB Khoa hoc xa hoi Ha Ndi

2003 Tr 105 -107

t r i e n l e n cU d a n cd d i c h i M a n Bac ( Y e n T h a n h ,

Y e n M o ) 0 g i a i d o a n v a n hoa do dong t i i c u o i

P h u n g N g u y e n den d a u D o n g D a u each t a 3.300 - 3.700 n a m ( 1 )

T r o n g q u a t r i n h k i e n tao d i a c h a t , b i e n l u i

d a n tao r a d o n g b a n g v u n g h a l U u song D a y Con n g U d i t i e n d a n r a c h i e m l i n h v u n g dong

b a n g v e n b i e n v a tao r a n h Q n g t r u n g t a r n v a n hoa n h u H o a L u sau l a k i n h do cua ca nUdc

t r o n g 42 n a m (968 - 1010), v u n g v e n song V a n sau l a t r u n g t a r n cua dao, t r a n r d i t i n h N i n h

D a u a n ve b i e n t i e n con i n d a m t r e n d a t

N i n h B i n h N h i i n g d i a d a n h : C i i a b i e n P h u c

T h a n h ( t h i x a N i n h B i n h ) , c i i a b i e n D a i A n ( N a y l a n g a b a Doc Bd), n d i t i e p g i a p giuta Y e n

K h a n h v a N g h i a H u n g , N a m D i n h cUa b i e n

Con M e o ( Y e n T h a n h , Y e n M d ) , cxla C a n ( Y e n

M a c , Y e n M d ) , ctia b i e n T h a n P h u ( Y e n L a m ,

Man Bac NhOng phat hien mdi ve khao co hoc nam

1999 NXB Khoa hoc xa hoi Ha Noi 2000 Tr 202-205

11

Y e n M o ) l a m cho c h u n g t a co c a m t u d n g m o t

t h d i b i e n con d d a u day, c u n g v6i cac d i a d a n h

ve cac cu*a b i e n l a cac con de l i c h s i i n h u de

t i e n r a b i e n m d i n a m g a n 1 0 0 m v a n g U d i K i m Sdn v a n " L a n cdi r a k h d i dUa c h a n t r d i g a n

l a i " N i n h B i n h l a m o t t r o n g n h i i n g t i n h d i e n

h i n h ve sU m d r o n g k h o n g g i a n v a n h o a V i e t

x u d n g b i e n D o n g Tii n g a n xUa n g U d i d a n N i n h

B i n h v a n h u 6 n g r a b i e n , k h a t v o n g c h i n h p h u c

b i e n , d o n n h a n cac l u o n g d a n cu", cac y e u to'

v a n h o a t i i bac vao n a m , tu: b i e n vao K i n h te

con co " v a n hoa m d i " cua cU d a n v e n b i e n N e p song cua cU d a n l a n b i e n m a n g t i n h c h a t d o n g

t r o n g v u n g v a n hoa m d i trUOng b i e n

D a y n u i da v d i d p h i a t a y n a m cua t i n h c h a y

d a i r a t a n b i e n t h e o h u d n g t a y bac - d o n g n a m

da tao r a n h i e u h a n g d o n g k y t h u n h U : T a r n Cdc, B i c h D o n g , d o n g T h i e n T o n , d o n g H o a Sdn, d o n g B a n L o n g , d o n g T a m G i a o , d o n g M a

T i e n v v B i c h D o n g t h d i p h o n g k i e n da dude

m e n h d a n h l a " N a m t h i e n de n h i d o n g " ( D o n g dep t h i i n h i d u 6 i t r d i N a m , sau H U d n g T i c h )

D i c h L o n g l a " N a m t h i e n de t a m d o n g " ( d o n g dep t h i i ba dUdi t r d i N a m ) O p h i a n a m t h i xa

N i n h B i n h cd n u d t qua n u i g i o n g h i n h m o t

c a n h d i e u b a y goi l a n u i C a n h D i e u , l a i cd h i n h

n h U m o t n g U d i t h i e u nu" n a m ngika n h i n t r d i goi

la Ngoc M y N h a n ( N g U d i con g a i dep n h u ngoc)

da dUdc ca n g d i :

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d i n h , c h u a , den, m i e u , t i J n g n g o n n u i con song

D a y con l a v u n g d a t r u t l u i c h i e n lUdc de vao

T h a n h H o a ' c u a t u d n g D o D U d n g t h d i H a i B a

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do cua ca nUdc t r o n g 42 n a m , d a t d u n g n g h i e p cua T r a n N g d i v v

C u n g v d i cac d i t i c h l i c h s i i - v a n hoa l a m o t

k h o t a n g v a n hoa d a n g i a n n h u le h o i t r u y e n

t h o n g co" do H o a L u , 14" h o i den T h a i V i , den

T h a n h N g u y e n , den D a u , h o i v a t Y e n Ve v v cac cong t r i n h k i e n t r u e n h u den v u a D i n h , den

V a n hoa cua v u n g que n u i T h u y , song V a n hoa d o n g t h d n g n h a t t r o n g v a n hoa c h a u thd' bac bo cd d a n x e n v a n hoa m i e n T r u n g Cd n h a

n g h i e n c i i u d a t v a n de: Cd m o t n e n v a n hoa Hoa L u t h e k y X? P h a i c h a n g n e n v a n hoa ay

cd SL(C song m a n h l i e t t a o n e n b a n sac v a n hoa

N i n h B i n h

15

D O N G N G I / O I X l / A V A

R L T N G N G U Y E N S I N H C U C P H U O N G Tren dudng vao ring nguyen sinh Cue

PhUOng d u k h a c h t h a y h a i d a y n u i da v o i suing sufng c h a y t h e o h u d n g t a y bac - d o n g n a m ,

k h e p k i n l a i v u n g d a t g i a p g i d i b a t i n h N i n h

B i n h , H o a B i n h v a T h a n h H o a , t a o t h a n h cac 16'i c h a n n g a n g n h u Q u e n T h a c h , Q u e n Xeo,

D o n g N g i i d i X u a l a t e n g o i cua h a n g D a n g

D a n g Cue P h U d n g , t i e n g M U d n g cd n g h i a l a

H a n g D d i D o n g q u a y huefng d o n g n a m , cd v o m cao 4 5 m , t r o n g n h u m i e n g m o t con r o n g k h d ' n g

lo co d i e n t i c h k h o a n g 3 0 m , t u d n g d d i b a n g

p h a n g B e n p h a i d d n g con m o t n g a c h n i a

t h d n g r a c i a k h a c n h U m o t ld'i r a V a c h da cd

n h i e u n h u m a k h i go vao cd t i e n g n h U t i e n g cong, t i e n g c h i e n g cua ngUOi M U d n g N g U d i

M U d n g con g o i day l a h a n g M a v d i t r u y e n

t h u y e t xUa k i a vao n h i n g b u d i c h i e u t a , m a

t h U d n g h i e n r a l u lUdt keo n h a u x u d h g l a y nUdc P h a i c h a n g day l a a n h x a cua m o t t h d i ngUdi n g u y e n t h u y da t i n g song d day?

sang tao r a n h i n g chiec nao md]

vd cay, da t h u H o con n h a t t r c j n^ o ^ Jsud'i ^

n g d i m d cd ca'u t r i e doc dao, x u n g q u a n h x e p

da hoc, d a y r a i da r a m , l a i dUdc q u a n g a n be'p

l i a , p h a n a n h t a m l y mud'n n g U d i c h e t l u d n

l u d n g a n g i i v d i m i n h , cd m o con dUdc r a c thd9

h o a n g de t r a n g t r i N g U d i h a n g D a n g da cd y

NXB Khoa hoc xa hoi Ha Noi 1998 Tr 190

n i e m ve the" g i d i b e n k i a , n e n da c h d n t h e o ngUOi c h e t m o t so" cong cu s i n h h o a t b a n g da v a

cd n h i e u cay cao to khd'ng lo, d u d n g k i n h t h a n

5 - 6 m , c h i e u cao t i 40 - 7 0 m n h u cay "cho

n g a n n a m " , cay g i hUOng t h d m n g a t , cay x a u

b a n h ve N h i n g day leo t h a n go vUdn d a i n h u

n h i n g v o i b a c h tudc, t u r n l a y n h i n g t h a n cay

ma t r U d n d i h a n g t r a m m e t Cd n h i n g day leo

t h a n g x u o n g h a i b e n d u d n g n h U n h i n g chiec vong dUdc m e n h d a n h " V o n g r i n g mUa n h i e t ddi" d u k h a c h cd t h e n g h i t h o a i m a i , D u k h a c h

19

con dUdc m u a "dua k i m g i a o " v o i c a u c h u y e n

6 trong trieu cd nhieu phe canh Mot horn bgn phan nghich da bo thudc doc vao thdc an cua vua Vua gap thdc an thay dau dua stii bot Ngac nhien, nha vua cho kiem tra, thi biet la cd thudc doc Vua hoi dua dugc vdt tit go gi Khi duoc biet dua dugc vdt td canh cay mgc tren mg con minh, thi nha vua vd cung an han Nha vua

da dat ten cho dua la "dua Kim Giao" de ghi nhd mdi tinh chung thuy cua ddi trai gai

S i n h t h d i Bac H o r a t q u a n t a m d e n r i n g

n g u y e n s i n h Cue P h U d n g : D a u n a m 1969, mac

d u sue k h o e da y e u , NgUOi v a n cd y d i n h d i

t h a m , n e n c a n bd v a cong n h a n v U d n qud'c g i a Cue PhUOng da k h a n trUOng l a m chiec t h a n g

21

N H Q N G D I T I C H T H O

C A C V j T I / 6 N G C U A H A I B A T R l / N G Mua xuan nam 40, Hai Ba TrUng phat cd

k h d i n g h i a , n h a n d a n b o h q u a n G i a o C h i , C t i u

C h a n , N h a t N a m , H o p P h d ' n h a t te h u d n g ting

A n h x a cua cudc k h d i n g h i a H a i B a T r U n g

t r e n d a t N i n h B i n h l a cac d e n t h d cac v i t u d n g cua H a i B a T r U n g N g a y n a y d N i n h B i n h con 7

A n , h u y e n H o a L u t h d ba a n h e m D d n g B u t ,

D i e u V u v a Ngoc N f i T r a n T h i H o a , que d l a n g

H o a M i e n ( T h a n h L i e m , H a N a m ) V e v u n g

H o a n g Sdn H a k h u g i a l a m t a n g n i d c h u a de

c h i e u t a p n g h i a b i n h , r d i m d i keo l e n H a t M d n

t u n g h i a D e n H a T h i e n T r a o x a N i n h Sdn t h d dng L e H o a l a n g U d i t i n h t h o n g vo n g h e t h e o

H a i B a T r U n g d a n h giac l a p dUdc c h i e n cong, dUOc p h o n g l a H o a D i e m phd' hoa t u d n g q u a n , dUdc h u d n g thUc a'p d x a Y e n C u D e n P h u n g

B a n , x a Y e n H u n g , h u y e n Y e n M d t h d d n g L e Cong P h i i c l a m o t v i t u d n g cua H a i B a T r U n g

23

n g o a i t h a n h H a N o i , t h d b a v i Q u a c h L a n g ,

D i n h B a c h N U d n g , D i n h T i n h N U d n g que d

d o n g H o a L u l a b a v i t u d n g cua H a i B a T r U n g (D

Den Bong Lang, xa Thanh Nghi, huyen

a n h d u n g N h U n g do lUc liiOng con n o n t r e , n e n

da hy sinh anh dung vao khoang thang 2 nam 43

T h a n g 10 n a m K i e n V u thxt 19 ( n a m 43) M a

V i e n t i e n xud'ng c i a be T h a n P h u de vao Cv£u

C h a n ( T h a n h H o a ) M a V i e n cho dao m o t con song t h o n g q u a d a i n u i C i u C h a n v a xep da

t a chd'ng l a i cudc x a m lUdc cua n h a L U d n g L y

k e t t i n h " H u y n h de", sau dd c u n g ve can c i

d a m D a T r a c h l a n h dao cudc k h d i n g h i a Sau

k h i d a t nUdc sach b o n g q u a n t h u , T r i e u Q u a n g Phuc x U n g v U d n g v a p h o n g cho P h u n g K i m l a m

n g u y e n soai

Theo t h a n t i c h T r i e u Q u a n g P h u c va L a

Q u a n g V i n h d d e n D d n g , den T a y t h d n D u y e n Phuc, x a K h a n h H o n g h u y e n Y e n K h a n h , t h i

N a m 722, M a i T h i c L o a n k h d i n g h i a chd'ng

l a i ach dd h d cua n h a D u d n g K h d i n g h i a t h i n g ldi, M a i T h i c L o a n l e n n g d i h o a n g de' N h U n g sau do n h a D u d n g cho q u a n s a n g d a n ap cudc

k h d i n g h i a T h e o l U u t r u y e n cua n h a n d a n

27

l i e n k e t v d i t u t r u d n g D d A n h H a n chie'm dUdc

p h i i T h a n h v a to c h i c l a i viec cai t r i N h a n d a n

t a da s u y t o n P h u n g H u n g l a Bo' C a i d a i vUOng Cudc k h d i n g h i a cua P h u n g H u n g t h a n g l d i Cud'i t h e k y t h u- I X , trUdc cac cudc k h d i

n g h i a cua n d n g d a n , n h a D u d n g suy sup n h a n h chdng N a m 905 K h u c T h i a D u k h d i n g h i a , t a n cong t h a n h T d n g B i n h ( H a N d i ) , g i a i p h o n g d a t nUdc, xac l a p q u y e n t u c h u cua nUdc t a

N a m 930, n h a N a m H a n cho q u a n s a n g x a m lUdc nUdc t a K h u c T h i a M y b i b a t q u a n N a m

H a n chie'm dUdc p h u t h a n h D a i L a N a m 9 3 1 , DUdng D i n h N g h e m o t v i t u d n g cua ho K h u c t i t

L a , dUdc D U d n g D i n h N g h e p h o n g cho l a m t h i

s i H o a n C h a u ( N g h e A n )

N a m 937 N g d Q u y e n la* con re va l a t u d n g cua D U d n g D i n h N g h e da h d p lUc l i i d n g , g i e t chet t e n p h a n c h u K i e u C o n g T i e n va gap r u t cung q u a n s i v a n h a n d a n d d n g coc d song B a c h

D a n g , chd'ng q u a n x a m lUOc N a m H a n C h i e n

29

q u y e n , doc l a p t u c h u d a u t i e n nUdc t a

V i e n " L o n g V i e n d xa De Cdc, n h a me D i n h

T i e n H o a n g d day, t i c chd d cu cua D i n h T i e n

H o a n g l i e con a n n a u , n e n n h a cu n a y v a n con nen goi la L o n g V i e n " , trUdc m a t t r o n g r a song,

cd cau N g U , cau P h a n h , ben t a cd vUOn, cd go

b a n g p h a n g , t i c l a chd bay t r a n cd l a u ( 2 ) n d i ay

Van'sCrdia Ha Noi 1960 sach da din T48

Ndi 1971

31

p h u o n g , t h i t h d n M y H a l a que me cua D i n h B d

L i n h , d i e u do cd p h a n h d p l y , v i s a u k h i D i n h

C o n g T r i l m a t , me cua D i n h B d L i n h da d u a con ve d c a n h d e n Sdn T h a n l a que h U d n g cua

m i n h , ba l a n g U d i ho D a m cd le v i t h e da cd

t h u y e t cho r a n g ba l a n g u d i D a m t h d n n a y l a

t h d n D a m X a , x a G i a T i e n , h u y e n G i a V i & n Sach N i n h B i n h t o a n t i n h d i a c h i k h a o

m a n g t h a n g t a m l a d d n g m o t v u , den m u a nUdc

l i i , n h a n d a n t h U d n g t h a t r a u t u do, t r a u

t h U d n g d i x a h a n g chuc k m de k i e m a n Cd le

D i n h B d L i n h da c h a n t r a u t r o n g n h i i n g t r U d n g hdp n h u t h e N h U v a y l a D i n h B d L i n h da c h a n

t r a u t r o n g m o t d i a b a n k h a r d n g , bao t r u m g a n het m o t h u y e n G i a V i e n v a m o t p h a n h u y e n

N h o Q u a n , t i n h N i n h B i n h n g a y n a y T r o n g

Nguydn Manh Duan NXB Chinh qudc gia Ha Ndi 2001 Tr.114

t o n l a m t r U d n g , t h U d n g " k h o a n h t a y l a m k i e u

de k h i e n g " v a l a y hoa l a u l a m cd d i h a i b e n de

r u d e n g h i ve t h i e n t i i Tu: dd D i n h B d L i n h dUdc n h a n d a n y e u m e n v a cho con e m d i t h e o

< 2> Viec sis lucre da dan Tr.329

- Dai Viet sCr ky toan thu sach da din Tr 154

T r o n g t i n h h i n h d a t nUdc rd'i r e n sau k h i Ngd Q u y e n m a t , cac s i i q u a n n d i l e n c h i e m c i i cac v u n g d a t d a i m a s i i g o i l a l o a n m U d i h a i s i i

So lieu khao sat Thanh Heo nam 1980, nhan dan dia phuong khong hieu Thanh Heo la thanh cua ai chi biet rUng giac Heo rat tan ac, chung vao lang gie't cac cu gia, tre em, nhan dan con luu truyen cau ca dao:

"Giac dau lai giac the nay

Bd con vao cdi lay chay ma dam"

37

T h u y , H o a B i n h v a v i n g r i n g n u i h u y e n

T h a n h L i e m , K i m B a n g t i n h H a N a m n g a y

n a y D o do cd t h e t h u n g Q u e n Ca v a t h u n g O n g

S a u l a n d i d d n g q u a n cua D i n h B d L i n h D o d i a