(TIỂU LUẬN) topic research on tourism trends of vietnamese people after the COVID 19 pandemic in hanoi survey research

HANOI METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGESRESEARCH METHODS IN APPLIED LINGUISTICS END OF COURSE ASSIGNMENT Topic: Research on tourism trends of Vietnamese people after th

HANOI METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

RESEARCH METHODS IN APPLIED

LINGUISTICS END OF COURSE ASSIGNMENT

Topic: Research on tourism trends of Vietnamese people after the COVID-19 pandemic in Hanoi:

HANOI METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES

RESEARCH METHODS IN APPLIED

LINGUISTICS END OF COURSE ASSIGNMENT

Topic: Research on tourism trends of Vietnamese people after the COVID-19 pandemic in Hanoi:

ĐÁNH GIÁ CỦA GIẢNG VIÊN Viết đề cương nghiên cứu

1 Introduction (2 points)

Rationale Aims/Objectives Research questions

2 Literature Review (3 points)

Theoretical framework Review of previous studies

Context of the study Research procedure Tools for collecting data

Document analysis Questionnaire? / Interview? Expert consultation?

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION 5

1 Rationale 5

2 Aim/Objectives/Research questions 5

2.1 Aim of the study  5

2.2 Objectives of the study  5

2.3 Research questions 5

3 Scope of the study 6

LITERATURE REVIEW 7

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 7

Table 1: Review the key issues on the topic under study 7

Table 2: Review previous studies on the topic under study 13

METHODOLOGY 15

3.1 Research context  15

3.2 Research design  15

3.3 Participants   15

3.4 Data collection instruments  15

3.5 Data collection procedures  16

3.6 Data analysis  16

REFERENCES (APA 6TH) 17

APPENDICES 19

1 Rationale

Tourism plays a vital role in promoting Vietnam’s economy The extensive investmentand constant rapid development of infrastructure and transport networks are an aim at bringing more accessibility to major attractions in the country Vietnam has a long

history of influences from the Chinese and the French, and its unique cultural traditionsare still maintained Together with the stunning landscape and breathtaking sceneries, these factors attract over 10 million visitors annually with revenues estimated to be at USD 3.7 billion, according to Vietnam’s Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism

However, the current tourism development is being affected by the COVID-19 pandemic,which has profoundly affected the development of global tourism and Vietnam's tourism,especially directly affecting the behavior of tourists, and tourists' travel decisions, puttingthe entire tourism industry in a position of constant change to adapt and meet tourism needs in the new situation

With the desire to attract more visitors and recover the economy after the Covid 19 pandemic Therefore, it is necessary to investigate to understand travel consumption behavior In particular, tourist motivation affects tourism demand or the number of touristarrivals to tourist destinations, so further research on tourism motivation is needed

(Rickly, 2019) The Covid-19 pandemic has created a global tourism crisis; all parties areworking together to accelerate the transformation of tourism adapted to current

conditions From the reasons mentioned above, I decided to conduct a survey with the title “Research on tourism trends of Vietnamese people after the COVID-19 pandemic in Hanoi” It has an in-depth understanding of customers to meet the requirements for entrepreneurs to change the way they do business The tourism industry can use the information on the research results related to motivation and the types of tourists who will travel after the pandemic in planning tourism activities and developing policies to help attract more tourists who have been stopped from their tourism activities

2 Aim/Objectives/Research questions

2.1 Aim of the study 

This study aims to grasp of tourism trends of Vietnamese people after the COVID-19 pandemic in Ha Noi In order to traders can refer to the above information to develop

a plan, restoring the tourism economy after the pandemic, and attracts many domestic tourists

2.2 Objectives of the study 

This study aims to indentify the behavior of tourists and the tourist motivations after the Covid-19 pandemic Specifically, it investigates the types, the frequency and the effectiveness of tourism trends

2.3 Research questions

This research will be carried out with the overarching question of "What is the currentpopular travel trend of Vietnamese people after the COVID-19 pandemic?" This

overarching question can be divided into sub-questions as follows:

- How do travel motivations and preferences affect tourism trends?

- Why is travel trends so important to the tourism industry?

- Renovating tourism trends in the tourism industry: How can Vietnam accelerate the recovery?

3 Scope of the study

The study focuses on the following contents:

- Analyze travel trends based on the consumer behavior of tourists and classify tourists

- The classification of tourists is divided into 4 categories: Organized mass tourists,independent mass tourist, Explorer, and Drifter

- Analyze the expression of consumer behavior of tourists in 2 aspects:

preferences, tourism motivation

The study will be conducted on 100 Vietnamese people living in Hanoi and

having financial ability

LITERATURE REVIEWTHEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Table 1: Review the key issues on the topic under study.

Topic/subtopic Author IDEAS (paraphrase/summarize/quote)

Tourism Grzywacz & Different types of

Classification Zeglen (2016) tourists will affect

tourism planningvariations, seekingtourist informationfrom external sources,destinations, duration

of tours, and travelprocesses beforemaking travel-relateddecisions

Buhalis & In the era ofSinarta (2019) connectivity, online

social contact hasbecome a new habitfor tourists and has asignificant influence

on behavior andexperienceFan, Buhalis, Tourist typology

& Lin (2019) needs to be identified

based on online andface-to-face socialcontact to formulateeffective marketingstrategies for varioussegments

Harry Tourist classificationCoccossis & is often the subject ofMary research by tourismConstantoglou researchers Research(2006) on tourist

classification aims tocreate tourist groups

or destinations thathave similar

characteristics It ishoped that it can helprelated to the problem

of tourism demandand supply It isimportant in thetourism decision-making process andpolicy formulation

Motivation (1970) but in other areas of

research, motivationsare usually based onMaslow’s theory ofthe hierarchy of needsCrompton The “who”, “when”,(1979) “where” and “how

much” are quite easy

to determine; a muchgreater challenge ispresented by thequestion “why”

Bieger and Motivation has alwaysLaesser received a great deal(2014) of attention from

tourism academics,given its importance inmarketing decisionssuch as segmentation,product development,advertising andpositioning

vacationers’motives as aresponse topsychosomaticexhaustion Theyseek to replenishand restore theirsense of

wellbeing, as well

as explore newways to enrich,regenerate andrecharge theirlives

only one of manycontributingfactors that inspireindividuals totravel to differentplaces and

experience newthings (Um &Crompton, 1992).Pitana & The motivation of a

Gayatri (2005) person to do travel and

tourism activities isdivided into fourgroups

Dwisaputra & Physical or

Achnes (2017) physiological

motivation is physical

or physiologicalmotivation, forrelaxation, health,comfort, participating

in sports activities,recreation Relaxation

is physical and mentalrest so that the bodybecomes morerelaxed, comfortable

person's body whoneeds to feelrelaxed, relaxestense musclesfrom working orstudying hard,refreshes astressed mind, so

it is feared that it

will affectphysical andpsychologicalhealth if not done.This description issimilar to severalresearch resultsthat examined themotivation oftourists to travel:relaxation

motivation,enriching andlearningexperiences,participation inrecreationalactivities,increasingpersonal values,and socialexperiencesSocial motivation or

interpersonalmotivation is thedesire to socialize,meet other people totalk about new things,visit friends andfamily, meet partners,

do things that areconsidered to be proud

of themselves withwhat is achieved or anhonor Another point

is the need to learnabout the country andtravel for socialinteraction, interactingwith local people whocan offer touristslearning experiences

Shahvali, & undertaken to

Petrick (2014) positively influence

life satisfaction, evenfor a short trip (twodays or less), can

make body relaxationand recovery fromwork stress

Dwisaputra & Cultural motivation isAchnes (2017) the desire to know the

culture, customs,traditions, and otherregional arts,

including those ofinterest to culturalheritage objects Therules that apply to acommunity, so thatmembers of thecommunity can adjusttheir actions to thebehavior they make,which makes touristshave the experience offollowing the rulesand increasing thevalues of lifeFantasy motivation is

a wish that exists inthe mind of a personwho wants to get awayfrom the monotonousroutine of daily lifeand is associated withpsychological

gratification It can becalled status andprestige motivation,which is related to aperson's desire to beappreciated, respected,and admired to fulfillpersonal ambitionTourist Cohen (1972) Four different types

preferences fornovelty or familiaritywith tourist

destinations:

1 Organized masstourists The type oftourist who buys atour package from a

trusted travel agentonly follows the travelagent's flow as

planned by the travelagent Familiaritylevel with a high butminimal level ofnovelty

2 Independent mass tourist The type of tourist who buys a package tour but the tour is not fully planned, the tourist has some control over his travel time and plans and is not tied to a group However, all major arrangements are still made through travel agencies The itinerary is not much different from the travel agent's plan The familiarity level is still dominant but has a greater experience level of novelty

3 Explorer These types of tourists arrange their own trips, different from travel plans in general, but still pay attention to comfortable and safe accommodation, transportation and other tourist facilities Trying to blend with a new environment at the tourist destination but retain some of the basic routines and comforts of the original way of life These tourists are concerned about the risks involved

if they

become involvedwithout payingattention to their basicneeds.

4 Drifter This type of tourist is very different from other tourists who want a unique tour, visit a place that is not a favorite tourist destination, try to blend in with a new environment, live in the way of the people in the places they visit They do not have a fixed schedule and clear travel destination The level of novelty is very high, but the level of familiarity is absent

Table 2: Review previous studies on the topic under study

research/

Purpose

tested in thecontext oftourism, aswell as thosethat includeconceptsrelevant to thebehavior ofconsumers inthe context oftourism

Anish Yousaf, Tourists’ Young tourist Research Their analysis

hierarchy of

A theoretical needs and

importantyouthtravellers’motivations

new normalera

METHODOLOGY3.1 Research context 

This study will focus on data collected from people living in Hanoi Because people living in cities will have better financial capacity than people living in rural areas

Besides, it becomes easier to collect research data from people living in the same area.Covid 19 has had a strong travel impact This is most evident in the period when

Vietnamese people have to social distance People have to stay at home for a long

time From there, tourism entertainment activities were also strongly affected because

Therefore, changing and shaping tourism trends is an imperative element to help

businesses change to suit the current time and restore the economy

3.2 Research design 

Survey research is defined as "the collection of information from a sample of individuals through their responses to questions" (Check & Schutt, 2012, p 160) This type of research allows for a variety of methods to recruit participants, collect data, and utilize various methods of instrumentation Survey research is often used to describe and

explore human behavior, surveys are therefore frequently used in social and

psychological research (Singleton & Straits, 2009) Survey research is a useful and legitimate approach to research that has clear benefits in helping to describe and explore variables and constructs of interest Moreover, online survey research is one of the most popular survey research methods today The cost involved in online survey research is extremely minimal, and the responses gathered are highly accurate Therefore, survey research is chosen as the best design to use in the study Therefore, survey research is chosen as the best design to use in the study. 

A survey design will be used in this study to collect data and identify types of tourism trends A qualitative method will be used to investigate the behavior and motivations of tourists From there, it is possible to identify the latest trends for reference traders The data will be collected from an online questionnaire (Google Form) containing

statements that are rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from strongly disagree to strongly agree and multiple choices Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, i.e.,distribution of frequency, percentage, and average value The sample was 100

Vietnamese respondents, and all data were valid to be analyzed in the study

3.3 Participants  

The study will be conducted on 100 Vietnamese people living in Hanoi and

having financial ability

3.4 Data collection instruments 

The data of this study will be collected through questionnaires

The survey questionnaire is a collection of mutiple choices and five-point Likert scalequestions.

The questionnaire is divided into three parts: the profile of respondents, the tourist

classification, and travel motivation

Respondent profiles include gender, age, educational and occupational background, and several closed questions rela tourism interests after the pandemic The second part regarding the classification of tourists, which consists of statements, refers to Cohen's theory The third part is about motivation described in several statements, which refers toand Gayatri's theory The results will then be analyzed in simple quantitative terms, i.e the distribution of frequent percentage, and average value

Specifically:

The first 5 questions are mainly related to the participants’ personal background such

as age, gender, relationship status, education background and occupation

Questions 6 to 11 designed based on the theoretical framework, ask about the

types, frequency, and the effectiveness of behavior, motivation of tourists

3.5 Data collection procedures 

The data collection process will be conducted on Facebook, collecting interactions from friends, relatives and referrals from friends of friends The research period will last for one month or until there are 100 Vietnamese respondents

3.6 Data analysis 

The data used in this study will be analyzed quantitatively Data will be analyzed usingdescriptive statistics i.e., the distribution of frequency, percentage, and average value This process will be collected directly from Google Forms from which to draw

conclusions