Bài tập Đảo ngữ có đáp án I Lý thuyết cách làm Đảo ngữ 1 Tại sao lại gọi là ĐẢO NGỮ? Bình thường câu khẳng định và phủ định sẽ có dạng S (+ Trợ động từ) + ADV + V (Trạng từ có thể đứng cuối câu) Vd I[.]
Trang 1Bài tập Đảo ngữ có đáp án
I Lý thuyết cách làm Đảo ngữ
1 Tại sao lại gọi là ĐẢO NGỮ?
Bình thường câu khẳng định và phủ định sẽ có dạng:
S (+ Trợ động từ) + ADV + V
(Trạng từ có thể đứng cuối câu)
Vd: I will never forget them
ĐẢO NGỮ là dạng mà TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ và TRẠNG TỪ bị ĐẢO LÊN ĐẦU CÂU TRƯỚC CHỦ NGỮ
Ví dụ: - NEVER WILL I forget them
* Lưu ý: Câu Hỏi cũng là 1 dạng Đảo Ngữ (Are you tired? Where did she go?)
Dạng 1 Đảo ngữ với trạng từ phủ định
Các Trạng từ phủ định hay dùng cho dạng này:
- never: không bao giờ
- hardly: hầu như không
- little: ít khi, hiếm khi
- rarely: hiếm khi
- seldom: hiếm khi
- scarcely: hiếm khi
- hardly ever: hầu như không bao giờ
* Công thức: TRẠNG TỪ PHỦ ĐỊNH + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S + V
Vd: - Seldom do they eat meat (hiếm khi họ ăn thịt)
(*) CHÚ Ý: với HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN và QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN khi đã mượn trợ động từ (DO, DOES, DID), Động từ chính của câu luôn là NGUYÊN THỂ
Vd: - Little does she visit here (ít khi cô ấy thăm nơi này)
Dạng 2: Đảo ngữ với các cấu trúc No
Bao gồm:
- at no time: không bao giờ
- on no condition: không đủ khả năng, dù thế nào
- on no account: không thể nào, không trong bất kỳ hoàn cảnh nào
- under/ in no circumstances: không bao giờ
- for no searson: không có lý do gì
- in no way: không thể nào, không thể
- no longer: không nữa
- nowhere: không ở nơi nào
(công thức giống Dạng 1) Vd:
- For no reason will we surrender
(chúng ta sẽ không đầu hàng vì bất kỳ lí do gì)
- No longer does he work here (ông ta không làm việc ở đây nữa)
Dạng 3: Đảo ngữ với Such và So
A SO
* SO + ADJ + BE (chia) + S + THAT + S + V + O
Trang 2* SO + ADV + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S + V + THAT + S + V + O (ít gặp)
Vd:
- So angry was the man that he beat all the woman (người đàn ông quá tức giận đến nỗi hắn đánh mụ ta)
- So stupid are you that you will die (Mày quá ngu đến nỗi mày sẽ chết)
- So quickly did she run that they couldn't catch them
B SUCH
SUCH + BE(chia) (+ A/AN) + N + THAT + S + V + O
Hoặc:
SUCH (+ A/AN) + N + BE + S + THAT + S + V + O
Vd: - Such is a beautiful girl that all boys love her (1 cô gái quá đẹp đến nỗi bọn con trai đều thích)
hoặc
- Such a beautiful girl is she that all boys love her
Dạng 4: Đảo ngữ với Hardly when
* HARDLY + HAD + S + VP2 + WHEN + S + V- quá khứ đơn
(vừa mới thì) Vd
- Hardly had she left home when it rained
(cô ta vừa ra ngoài thì trời mưa)
- Hardly had the chopper taken off when it exploded (máy bay trực thăng vừa cất cánh thì nó bị nổ)
Dạng 5: Đảo ngữ với các cấu trúc có Only
* LOẠI 1:
- only once: chỉ 1 lần
- only later: chỉ sau đó
- only in this/ that way: chỉ bằng cách này/ cách đó
- only after + /v-ing/ n: chỉ sau khi
- only by v_ing/ n: chỉ bằng cách, bằng việc
- only with + n: chỉ với
- only then: chỉ sau đó
- only + giới từ + thời gian: chỉ vào lúc
=> CÁC CỤM NÀY + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S + V
Vd:
- Only by practising frequenly can you play footbell well
(chỉ bằng việc tập luyện thường xuyên chú mới có thể chơi bóng đá giỏi)
* LOẠI 2:
- only when: chỉ khi
- only after: chỉ sau khi
=> CÁC CỤM NÀY + S1 + V1+ O1 + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S2 + V2
(CÁC CỤM NÀY + S1 + V1+ O1 + ĐẢO NGỮ)
Trang 3- Only when she left did he understand her love for him
(chỉ khi cô ấy ra đi, anh ấy mới hiểu được tình yêu của cô ấy cho mình)
Dạng 6: Đảo ngữ với cấu trúc Not only but also
(không những mà còn)
* NOT ONLY + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S + V1 + BUT + S + ALSO + V2
(V1 sẽ nguyên thể nếu đó là Hiện tại đơn hoặc Qúa khứ đơn – V2 sẽ vẫn giữ nguyên dạng theo THÌ)
Vd:
- Not only did he steal the car but he also burnt the house (Nó không chỉ ăn cắp xe hơi mà còn đốt nhà)
* CHÚ Ý: vị trí của vế BUT ALSO có thể khác một chút nhưng đây là dạng PHỔ BIẾN)
Dạng 7: Đảo ngữ với Not until (hay till)
((mãi) cho đến khi/ chỉ khi thì mới )
* NOT UNTIL + THỜI GIAN/ S1 + V1 + TRỢ ĐỘNG TỪ + S2 + V2
(NOT UNTIL + THỜI GIAN/ S + V + ĐẢO NGỮ)
Vd: - Not until I went to bed did i remember the task
((Mãi) Cho đến khi/ chỉ khi tao đi ngủ thì tao mới nhớ đến nhiệm vụ)
- Not until 11 p.m will he come back (mãi đến lúc 11 giờ đêm nó mới về)
Dạng 8: Đảo ngữ với No sooner than (vừa mới thì )
Dạn này giống với dạng 4 "hardly when ": 1 vế QKHT và 1 vế QKĐ)
* NO SOONER + HAD + S + VP2 + THAN + S + V-quá khứ đơn
Vd: - No sooner had he died than his sons fought for his property (Lão vừa mới chết thì những thằng con trai lão tranh giành tài sản)
Dạng 9: Đảo ngữ với các trạng từ chỉ chuyển động
- round and round: vòng quanh
- to and fro: đi đi lại lại
- up and down: lên lên xuống xuống
- away: rời xa
- off: rời xa
(còn nhiều nữa)
=> CÁC CỤM NÀY + ĐỘNG TỪ + S
Vd: - Round and round flies the bird (con chim bay vòng quanh)
- Away ran the thief (tên trộm chuồn mất)
* CHÚ Ý: nếu như CHỦ NGỮ là 7 ĐẠI TỪ NHÂN XƯNG (I, WE, YOU, THEY,
HE, SHE, IT)
–cấu trúc sẽ là:
=> TRẠNG TỪ + S + V
Vd: - AWAY HE RAN
(nó chạy trốn)
Dạng 10: Đảo ngữ với giới từ chỉ địa điểm
- here: ở đây
- there: ở đó
Trang 4- Giới từ (in, on, at, from, to ) + đia điểm
=> CÁC CỤM NÀY + V + S
Vd: - There came the guests (những người khách đã đến đó)
- In the kitchen was a ghost (1 con ma ở trong bếp)
* CHÚ Ý: nếu như CHỦ NGỮ là 7 ĐẠI TỪ NHÂN XƯNG (I, WE, YOU, THEY,
HE, SHE, IT)
– cấu trúc sẽ là:
GIỚI TỪ + ĐỊA ĐIỂM + S + V
Vd: - HERE WE ARE
(chúng tao ở đây)
Dạng 11: Đảo ngữ với câu điều kiện
(1) Câu điều kiện LOẠI 1:
* SHOULD + S + V-nguyên thể, S + WILL + V-nguyên thể
Vd: - Should she come late, he will beat her (Nếu cô ấy đến muộn, hắn sẽ đánh cô ấy)
(nếu phủ định thì cho NOT sau chủ ngữ)
(2) Câu điều kiện LOẠI 2
* WERE + S + TO + V-nguyên thể, S + WOULD + V-nguyên thể
Vd: - Were I to quit the job, I wouldn't have enough money (Nếu tôi bỏ việc, tôi sẽ không có đủ tiền)
(nếu phủ định thì cho NOT sau chủ ngữ)
- Nếu sau nó là Danh từ hoạc Tính từ thì có thể bỏ cụm TO V Vd: Were I you, I would go home
(3) Câu điều kiện LOẠI 3
* HAD + S + VP2, S + WOULD HAVE + VP2
Vd: - HAD WE KNOWN your address, we would have visited you (Nếu chúng tôi biết địa chỉ của ông, chúng tôi đã đến thăm ông rồi)
(nếu phủ định thì cho NOT sau chủ ngữ)
Dạng 12: Một số cấu trúc câu đảo ngữ khác
với Dạng 4: HARDLY HAD + S + V-p2 + WHEN + S + V-quá khứ đơn
=> HARDLY có thể thay bằng dạng có BARELY hoặc SCARCELY BARELY/ SCARCELY HAD + S + V-p2 + WHEN + S + V-quá khứ đơn
(vừa mới thì )
Vd: - barely/ scarcely had we set off when it snowed (Chúng tao vừa khởi hành thì trời đổ tuyết)
II Bài tập Đảo ngữ
Exercise 1
1 Never me again
a will be she love
b she loves
c she won't love
d she will love
2 Not only _ but she is also very intelligent
Trang 5a she is beautiful
b beautiful she is
c is she beautiful
d beautiful is she
3 No sooner _ out that it rained
a did I go
b I went
c had I gone
d I had gone
4 Seldom _ the guitar
a he plays
b does he play
c he doesn't play
d he does play
5 Hardly _a wrok whether son came back
a couldn't she say
b she could say
c she couldn't say
d could she say
6 Often _ a meeting
a do we have
b we do have
c have we
d we have
7 Many a time _ he wants to maary me
a said he
b he said
c has he said
d he has said
8 Only at weekend _ my kids to Water Park
a I don't take
b do I take
c I take
d I do take
9 So old _ that she couldn't dance
a She wasn't
b she was
c wasn't she
d was he
10 _ here yesterday, you would have met me
a Were you
b you were
c Had you been
d You had been
Trang 611 On the battle field _
a the tanks did lie
b the tanks lay
c did the tanks lie
d lay the tanks
12 At no time _ greater opportunities
a did women had
b has women had
c does women have
d have women had
13 Not once into her eyes
a he looked
b does he looked
c did he look
d looked he
14 _ has the work bee so easy
a Never
b only by
c When
d For
15 Now here _ such cooperative staff
a you can find
b you found
c you could find
d can you find
16 Never before _ in an carnest attempt to resolve their differences
a have the leaders of these two countries met
b the leaders of these two countries have met
c have the leaders of these two countries meet
d met the leaders of these two countries
17 Not only the child, but also the grandparents _
a is joining
b joins
c were joining
d has joined
18 Seldom _ a newspaper
a buys Anna
b does Anna buy
c bought Anna
d Anna does buy
19 Not only at the post office, _ at the grocery store
a does Mary work/but she also works
b works Mary/but she also works
c does Mary work/but does she also work
Trang 7d had entered she
20 No sooner _ the house than the phone started to ring
a had she entered
b she had entered
c entered she
d had entered she
Đáp án:
Exercise 2
1 Only by saving money _ a house
a he buys b he can buy c can he buy d buy she
2 Not even once _ the truth
a he tells b he tell c tells he d has she told
3 Choose the correct inverted form
a Into the room came the teachers
b Not only lazy she is but she is naughty
c No sooner had he drunk a cup of coffee than he asked another
d A and care correct
4 Not only _ beautiful but she is graceful as well
a did she b she was c is she d she is
5 No sooner _ than he begins to be washed
a is a human being born b was a human being born
c a human being born d a human being had been born
6 Seldom _ treated like that
a I have been b am I c I am d I had been
7 Over there _ the shop that sells souvenirs
a is b are c has d have
8 Never before _ such a disaster
a they suffer b they have suffered
c had they suffered d they had suffered
9 Only if I had known the difference _ the more expensive car
a would I bought b I would have bought
c would I buy d would I have bought
10 Neither Mary nor her friends _ going to the party
a is b are c was d a or b
11 Only once a day _ home
a does Mary leave b left Mary c Mary leaves d will Mary left
12 Only once a day _ home
a we can speak b can we speak c we speak d we cannot speak
13 Many a time _ this mistake
a he makes b he has made c did he make d will he make
14 Never _ the exact cause of earthquakes
Trang 8a scientists discovered b did scientists discovered
c do scientists discover d have scientists discovered
15 Nowhere else _
a they can go b can they go c they can't go d can't they go
16 Only when at home _ her children
a does she scold b she scolds c has she scolded d she has scolded
17 Not a penny _ me
a did he give b he gave c he has given d he has gave
18 No longer _ women bear a lot of children
a does b did c doing d do
19 Among them _ several sacks of white flour
a were b is c be d are
20 On a hill in front of them _ a great castle
a standing b stand c to stand d stood
Đáp án:
Exercise 3
1 "This store has such high prices"
"I agree Never again _ here"
a I wll shop b will I shop c I do shop d shop I
2 "Is this machine often in need of repair?"
"No, _ problems to arise"
a Seldom don't we expect b We expect seldom
c Seldom we expect d Seldom do we expect
3 "I can't see the stage very well from here"
" _"
a Neither can't I b Neither I can c I can't neither d Neither can I
4 Not until the early 1900s _ to vote in the United States
a women were allowed b were women allowed
c they allowed women d when women were allowd
5 Only recently _ a favourite sport in the United States
a has jogging become b has become jogging
c when jogging became d as jogging has become
6 "This is one of the oldest trees in the world"
" _ such a big tree"
a Never I have seen b I haven't never seen
c Never have I seen d I have seen never
7 "What happened to jean' new car?"
"No sooner _ it than someone ran into her"
a had she bought b she bought c did she bought d she ad bought
8 "I would like to apply for the sales position you advertised"
Trang 9"I'm sorry No longer _ applications for that position".
a are taking we b we are taking c are we taking d we taking
9 Amoebas reproduce by dividing _
a and other protozoans b as do other protozonas
c other protozonas do too d we taking
10 _ a higher concentration of people than in Tokyo and Mexico City
a nowhere there is b Nowhere is c Nowhere is there d Nowhere there ins't
11 "Did you like your trip Niagara Falls?"
"It was beautiful Hardly ever _ such a spectacular sight"
a can see you b can you see c see you d you can see
12 "Can children swim in this pool?"
"Yes However, at no time _ alone"
a shouldn't they swim
b they should swim
c should swim they
d should they swim
13 Only during the early twentieth century _ in the United States
a liquor was prohibited then b that liquor was prohibited
c when liquor was prohibited d was liquor prohibited
14 "I don't like this tossed salad very well"
"Nor _"
a I do b I do either c do I d I like it either
15 Not only _, but he also plays the piano and writes his won songs
a does Billy Joel sing b Billy Joel sings
c If Billy Joel sings d what Billy Joel sings
16 Nowhere _ more prevalent than in warm, swampy places
a mosquitoes are b mosquitoes is c are mosquitoes d is mosquitoes
17 Only when the ground is kept moist _ germinate
a grass seeds will b will grass seeds c grass seeds does d does grass seeds
18 Not until Columbs discovered America _ to Europe
a was bananas brought b bananas were brought
c were bananas brought d bananas was brought
19 Never gain _ Greta Garbo appear in films after he retirement in the forties
a was b do c is d did
20 Rarely _ professional boxers remain active beyond the age
thirty-five
a do b did c are d were
Đáp án: