American textbook reading science 2

What Animals Need to Crow Animals need many things to live.. Third , animals need to drink water to stay alive.. some animals onlydrink water 4 .What do birds need to stop them from beco

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Dominic Hanlon

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ISBN : 978 - 89 - 6198 - 347- 1

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Life Science.ViSgjjI

) What Animals Need to Grow

\ Adaptations for Survival ) TheHuman Life Cycle

Ths visualsummaryusesimages

with keyvocabularyandother

related words to introducethe

of the words withincontext.

i

i

i

i i i

i

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A Key Vocabulary

These are newwords forstudents

to learn in the lesson Themeaningof each word is

below it

L

Up Close f

This expands the keyvocabulary

and the lesson' s main idea This gives students a greater levelof

understanding

4

“ I

!

I

r — | Review 1

Here there are pictures of

objects or situations.Students

can use a visual guide to help

them remember a word.

i

_l

Match each word with its definition

Matcheach word with the right picture

i :

1 A nesthelps to protect young birds

2 To store means to come out of an egg

3 Oxygen has many different colors

Here there are new pictures that

relate to the key vocabulary.

Different pictures help students

learn a new word and remember it

This exercise make the

students think carefully about

a statement.

J

ft ii

IS p

) • I

of the lesson.It contains all

the key vocabulary and other words studentshave been

learning inthis lesson.

Students have been preparing

for the passage in the previous

pages.This makes it easier for

students to comprehend the

passage.They also test

students' ability to remember

what is written in thepassage.

What Animals Need to Crow

Animals need many things to live First , animals need oxygen to breathe

Oxygen has nocolor and is made by plants Second, animals need food to get energy Some animals eat plants

Some animals eat other animals And also there are animals that eat both plants and animals Third , animals need

to drink water to stay alive Last, animals need shelters Shelters help to protect animals from danger and keep them safe For example , birds live in nests They store their eggs in the nests and the eggs hatch in the

nests If animals do not have oxygen , food , water , and shelter, they could become extinct

w 3 Some animals only eat other animals , and

a some animals only eat oxygen

b some animals only eat plants

c some animals onlydrink water

4 What do birds need to stop them from becoming extinct?

a They need eggs , young, and nests

b They need other animals to eat them

c They need water ,oxygen, food , and shelter

f What Animals Need j

r

Animals need this to get energy

Animals get It by

drinking Thiswhere animalsis a place

canbe safe

This is made by plants and has nocolor

2 Name one animal that has become extinct

Each passage follows a reading

skill such asMain Idea , Sequence ,

etc.The chart helpsstudents

identify and understand the key

concepts or key parts of the

passage.This aids

comprehension

l

Critical Thinking | - — j

These questions make

students use critical thinking ,

which is an important part of

the learning process.This

section will help students

develop their reading skills

r — | Vocabulary 1

These exercises test students ' ability to remember the meaning of

a word using a picture as a guide

# 1

T 01 What Animals Need to Grow

out of the eggs

b oxygen c protects

4.The babyalligator

L 1 Fill In the blanks using the words fromthe box

5 .People need food , clothing and

a hatch

6 Animals need to keep their young safe, and_

Listen and fill In the blanks to complete the passage

Animals need many_things to live.First , animals need •

Oxygen has no color and is made by plants

Second , animals need food to get energy Some animals eat plants

Some animals eat other animals Andalso there are animals that eat

to

*

( Shelter ) hatch breath * oxygen store neit

2 Choose the word that best completes the sentence

from the water ,

b ihelter

r bothplantsand animals Third,animals need to drink water tostay

alive Last , animals need •

2 - The birds are carrying twigs to build their

eggs in the nests and the eggs •

animals do not hove oxygen , food, water ,and shelter, they could

3 Dinosaurs are

a need b shelter e breathe d extinct

3 2

L — 1 Vocabulary 2

These exercises make students

use the key vocabulary words

in a context that is different to

that in the passage.This increases students ' understanding and use of words

Listen & Write I

Students can practice their

listening skills A native

speaker of English speaks the

passage , and this allows

students to hear the proper

pronunciation of words.

J

7

Lessonoi | What Animals Need to Grow

Lesson 02 | Living Things vs Nonliving Things

Lessonos | Adaptations for Survival

Lesson 04| The Human Life Cycle

Storemeansto keep something

for future use

* - * • • • ‘ * ' "

-V

Exercise

Match each word with its definition

1. a place where birds live

5. to come outof an egg

1. A nesthelps to protect young birds.

2. To store means to come out of an egg.

3. Oxygen has many different colors.

T / F

T/ F

13

Animals need many things to

Oxygen has nocolor and is madebyplants Second, animals need food to

getenergy.Someanimals eat plants

Someanimals eat other animals And

also thereare animals that eat bothplants and animals.Third,animals need

todrink water to stay alive. Last, animalsneed shelters. Shelters help to protectanimals from danger and keep them safe.For example , birds live innests.They store their eggs in the nests and the eggs hatch inthe

nests.If animals do not have oxygen,food, water,and shelter, they

couldbecome extinct.5

• • * n < - » • « • « rn ^ * * •* r : / ji

Comprehension

f

1. Where does a bird live?

2. How can a shelter help an animal?

a. keepit safe b. give it food c. make it extinct

3. Some animals onlyeat other animals,and

a. some animals onlyeat oxygen

b. some animalsonly eat plants

c. some animals only drink water

4. What do birds need to stop themfrom becoming extinct?

a. They need eggs,young,and nests.

b. They need other animals to eat them.

c. Theyneed water,oxygen,food,and shelter.

A

Critical Thinking

1. Where do birds store andprotect their young?

2. Name one animal that has become extinct.

15

Living thingsneed water,air,and

food tolive Animals and plants

areliving things.

nature *

Nature is the *world of

living andnonliving

things.

• v

nonliving things

Nonliving things donot need

water,air,and food.Rocks andwater arenonliving things.

; An environment is theplace

where a living thing lives.

alive

Being alive

means living, not dead

survive

Survive means tocontinue living

A living thing needs water,air

and food to survive.

grow

Grow means to get bigger If you

have food andwater,you will

•grow and change

• need air,food,water,and space

Exercise

Match each word with its definition

1. things that donotneed water,air,or food

5. the place wherea living thing lives

6. things that need water,air,and foodto live

A

True or False

r

1. Nonliving thingsneed food and water to survive.

2. Living things grow andchange.

3. Theenvironmentiswhere living things live.

T/ F

T/ F

T / F

19

Reading

Read the passage

Nature has many living and nonliving

things init. Living things need food

and water to survive Food and water

help living things to grow and change.

Mammals,reptiles,birds,insects,

amphibians, and fish are living things.

People are living thingstoo.The place

where a living thing lives is called its

safe in its environment.All

environment. A living thing must be

Nonliving things are not alive Nonliving

living things are alive.

things donot need food or water,and do not grow Rocks and water

are nonliving things.

Nature has many living thingsandnonliving thingsin it.

Allliving things are Nonliving things arenot

Choose the correct answer.

1. Nonliving things are not

2. What helps people to grow and survive?

a. water and food b. rocks and fish c. an unsafe environment

3. Living things grow,but

a. mammals andreptilesdo not

b. nonliving things do not

c. the environment can never change

4. What does nature have in it?

a. nonliving and living things

b. only living thingslike mammals

c. only nonliving things

A

Critical Thinking

1. Name three living things and two nonliving things

2. What does a living thing need to survive and help it grow?

21

An adaptationis a body part or a

behavior that helps a living thing

meet its needs.

Camouflageis the color or shape

that helps ananimal hide.

spiny

22

The Genius Animals of Camouflage

Peppered Moth Caterpillars Flower Mantis

HoodedGrasshopper Gumleaf Grasshopper

23

Review 1

V

Match each wor

Match each word with its definition

1. having sharppoints like needles

2. ananimal that only eatsplants wild

4. ananimal that only eats meat

5. the color or shapeof an animal that helps it

hide

camouflage carnivore

6. living or growingin a natural habitat

k

True or False r

1. Acarnivore is ananimal that only eatsplants

2. An adaptation helpsa nonliving thing.

3. Camouflage helps ananimal hide.

25

Adaptationsfor Survival

*

•

w

thathelp themsurvive.

Anadaption is abodypart orbehavior

thathelpsa living thing meetitsneed

For example,someanimalshave spikes

allaround their body which are very

spiny so that they protect themselvesfrom enemies. Wi animals

like tigers have sharp teeth for eating

have adaptations. Carnivores

meat.Unlike carnivores, herbivores haveflat teeth for eating plants.

[Camouflage is another adaptation Camouflage is the color or shape

of an animal that makes it blendin with its environment. A chameleon

can change thecolor of itsbody so that it cannot be seen easily

Some animals have special color or

that help them hide.

26

Choose the correct answer.

1. A chameleon can change what to help it hide?

3. How can anadaptation help an animal?

a. by helping it eatandlive

b. by changing its environment

c. by protecting it from camouflage

4. Herbivores donot eat meat,and

a. carnivores only eat tigers andrabbits

b. chameleons can change a plant's color

c. carnivores do not eat plants

l

Critical Thinking

1. Name two carnivores and two herbivores.

i

2. What is a wayto help an animal hidefrom its enemies?

27

Key Vocabulary

infant

An infant is a baby. An infant

learn

When you study,you learn things.

teen

ages of 13 and 19 Teens are

and mind with your eyes

closed.

Running and jumping

makesyour bodystrong.

Eathealthyfoods

Foodlike fruits,vegetables,

and milkmake yourbody

healthy andstrong.

You can restyour bodyand mind during sleep.

29

• * • « ».

- H E x e r c i s e A

Match each word with its definition.

1. a baby who cannot walk or talk

child

3. a very youngperson who is nolonger a baby but

notyeta teen

lete the chart

Read the passage Comp

Thelife cycleof people is amazing.A perso

infant.Aninfantcannot walk or talk An in an gr o er

A toddler startsto learn towalk and talk A toddler w , grow,n 0a

child.A child can walk and talk Children begin to go to school and

becomes 13 years old ,wecall them a teen.

13 and19 years old

learn.When a person

A teenisaperson between

When a person becomes over19years old,we call

them an adult.Anadultis a fully grown person Duringthis cycle,weshouldbehealthy What is

important forbeing healthy?Every person

should eat healthy foodsand get enoughsleep and exercise to be strong and healthy.

READING SKILL Sequence

f The Human Life Cycle

^ ( cannotwalk or talk

apersonbetween13 and19 years old

afullygrownperson

f

32

1. What does a teen become?

2. A childcan walk and talk butisnot yet

a. fully grown b going to school c. eatinghealthily

3. A teen is a person

a. under13years old

b between 13 and 19 years old

c. over 19yearsold

4. What should peopledo to stay healthy?

a. Eat vegetables and fruit,exercise and sleep well.

b Sleepa lot,eat healthyfoods,but do not exercise.

c. Go to schooland learn tosleep.

A

Critical Thinking

1. What is the first and last stage of the human life cycle?

2. Which stage are youin the human life cycle now?

33

Lessonos | Weather

Lesson071 Clouds and Rain

Lessonos | Seasons

Lesson09 | The Sky

Weather is theconditionso the

air outsiderelating to ram , snow ,

heat, cold ,etc.

sleet

Sleet is a

mix of rain and snow.

i

w ii

observe

Observe means to see or watch

something

or somebody.

sunny

Sunnysunlight.

Cloudy means to be covered with

a lot of clouds wet

E x e r c i s e

Match each word with its definition

1. with a lot of wind

sunny

rainy windy

2. to becovered witha lot of clouds

3. witha lot of sunlight

weather

4. having a lot of rain

cloudy

5. the conditions of the air outside relating to

6. to be covered with snow

True or False r

1. Sleet is a mix of snow and rain. T / F

3. Weather never changes

T/ F

T / F

39

Reading

Weather

Weather is theconditions of the air

outside.There are many different

kinds of weather.It can be warm,

cool,hot,or cold. You can observe

how weather changes.Sometimes

there is snowy weather.On snowy

days,the weather isvery cold.

Sometimes thereis sleet.Sleet is a

mix of snow and rain.On rainy days,

the weather is wet.Therainy season

occurs betweenJune and July insome

places.On windy days,you have to be careful of the wind.It might

blow you away!When the weather is cloudy,it could mean rain is

coming. Sometimes the weather isbeautiful and thereis a lot of sun.

This is called sunny weather.It is good for people to play outside.

READING SKILL Compare and Contrast

ALIKE

DIFFERENT

All weatheris theconditionsof

the © outside. It© can be warm ,cool, hot ,or

J

You canobservehow weather Kean

be snowy , rainy , windy ,

,orsunny

0

©

40

1. What is the weather like when it is rainy?

b. season

2. On a snowy day, the weather is very

3. When it gets more and more cloudy,

a. rain orsnow might fall

b. the rainy season willstop

c. it isthe best time toplay outside

4. On a very windy day,

a. theweather doesn't change

b. sleetor snow can never fall

c. the wind might blow youaway

A

Critical Thinking

1. What is the best kind of weather for playing outside?

2. What is the weather like in winter? What is theweather like in summer?

41

Measure meansto findthe size,

A thermometer is a tool usedto

measure the temperature.

5 ,

rain gauge

A raingauge isatoolusedto

measure howmuch rainhas

fallen.

wind vane

Awind vaneis a toolused to

Visual Summary

Measuring the Weather

measures how hot or cold

Who studies the weather ?

Ameteorologist is a scientist who studies the

weather.

Meteorologists telluswhat the weather will

be like tomorrow.

43

Match each word with its definition

1. a tool usedto measure temperature

direction

2. how warm or coolsomething is

thermometer rain gauge

3. a tool used tomeasure the direction the

measure

4. a tool used tomeasure how muchrain has

5. tofind the size,speed, or amount of

something usinga tool

6. the path of something

T r u e o r False

Circle T for true, F for false

1. Peopleuse a thermometer to measure the temperature

of the air.

T/ F

T / F

2. People use a wind vane to measure the speed of wind.

3. A rain gauge can be used to measure which direction

the wind is blowing.

T / F

f

45