American textbook reading science 1

I What Plants Need to Grow Body Parts of Animals Where Animals Live Lesson 08 How Does Earth Change?. Plant parts leaves flower stem roots fruit Fruit is the part of the plant with seed

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I What Plants Need to Grow

) Body Parts of Animals

) Where Animals Live

Lesson 08 How Does Earth Change?

Natural Resources

54

2

J

) Solid,Liquid,Gas

Student Book

Visual Summary

The visual summary uses images

with key vocabulary and other

related words to introduce the main concept of the lesson.The visual summary is also an aid for word

association,reinforcing the meaning

of the words within context.

o < a tree

stem

root Theroots of aplant takeinwater andholdthe plant in thesoil leaf roots )

A leaf takes inlight and air

Leaves help the plant get food Use ofPlant Parts

jb

flower Plants have flowers Flowers make fruit Flowers are very beautiful

Plant parts

leaves flower stem roots

fruit Fruit is the part of the plant with seeds Apples and lemons are common types of fruit

Things made from plant parts ; :

house sugar toothpaste perfume

11

These are new words for students

to learn in the lesson.The meaning of each word is below it.

Up Close I—J

This expands the key vocabulary

and the lesson's main idea.This gives students a greater level of

understanding.

4

I *

understanding of thewritten

1i i ; tv

*• • r» i » *

M1 » •

r— \ Review 1

Here there are pictures of

can use a visual guide to help

r.

Match each word with its definition

Match each word with the right picture i;

1 the part that takes inlight and air for theplant • i

3 the part of the plantwith seeds

4 the partthat carries food and water to the plant

plant leaf fruit

5 the partthat makes fruit and isvery beautiful

6 .a living thing that grows in the ground

Choose the correct plant part for the picture

Circle T for true , F for false

2.

1

w 1.A stem carries water to theplant T / F

Q 2 A branchis a long and sharp leaf T / F

3 The body of a treeIs called the stem T /F

Here there are new pictures that

relate to the key vocabulary.

Different pictures help students

learn a new word and remember it. This exercise make theTrue or False t

students think carefully about

a statement.

J

5

I — | Reading

The passage is the main part

of the lesson It contains all the key vocabulary and other

words students have been learning in this lesson.Students have been preparing

for the passage in the previous

pages.This makes it easier for students to comprehend the passage.

Comprehension

These questions test students '

comprehension of the passage.They alsoteststudents ' ability to remember

what is written in the passage

The partshelpa plant to grow The roots

of a plant take in water and hold the plant

in the ground The stem carries food and water throughthe plant andholds up the plant The leaves of a plant take in air and light for the plant The flowers of plants make fruit Flowers are very beautiful.

People caneat the fruit The fruit holds seeds Oranges, apples, lemons , and bananas are delicious fruit Trees are very big plants Trees have branches Branches are the arms of a treeand have leaves

e leaves

a air

2 The stem ofa plantcarries

a water and food b air andlight c soil and ground

3 Theflowers of a plant make fruit

a that hold up the plant

b thathold lemons orapples

c thatpeople can eat

4 The leaves take in air andlight , and

a the stem holds up theplant

b theleaves turninto seeds

c the flowerscarry food and water

READING SKILL MainIdea and Details

r

CBSSIB&DES )

^^Theparts oilplant help ItHve andgrow , j Writethe correct answer.

Theroots takein 0 The The leaves takein The 1 Name four different parts of a plant

carries food and water and holds upthe plant

and hold the plantin the

and light for the plant

make fruit

The fruit holds

o G 2 What are the arms of a tree called?

L — I Reading Skill

Each passage follows a reading

skill such asMain Idea , Sequence ,

Compare and Contrast , Classify ,

etc.The chart helps students identify and understand the key

passage This aids comprehension

Critical Thinking | — J

These questions make

students use critical thinking ,

which is an important part of

the learning process.This section will help students

develop their reading skills

6

,

5

r — | Vocabulary 1

I These exercises test students ' ability to remember the meaning of

a word using a pictureas aguide.

01 Parts of Plants

4.The tree hasdeep

a flowers b roots c branches d fruit

L 1 Fillin the blanks using the words from the box

Listen and fill in the blanks to complete the passage

Thereare many differentparts of O

a plant togrow The • 1

holdthe plantin the ground The • _

water through the plant and holds up the plant The Q

The parts help

of aplant take in water and carries food and

b branches c perfume

2 These

bananas are delicious fruit Trees are very big plants Trees have

Branches are the arms of a tree and have leaves

These exercises make students

use the key vocabulary words

in a context that is different to

that in the passage.This

increases students '

understanding and use of

words

Listen & Write I

Students can practice their

listening skills.A native

speaker of English speaks the

passage , and this allows students to hear the proper pronunciation of words

_!

7

Key Vocabulary

More Vocab ii

plant

water, and sunlight

and hold the plant in the soil.

stem

A stem carriesfood and water

through the plant It is the body

leaf

A leaf takes in light and air.

Leaves help the plant get food

flower

fruit

10

f A

Match each word with its definition

1. thepart thattakes inlight and air for theplant

5. thepart thatmakes fruit andis very beautiful

6. a living thing that grows in theground

1. A stem carries water to theplant

3. The body of a treeis called the stem.

T / F

T / F

13

There are many different parts of plants

The partshelp a plant to grow The roots

in the ground The stem carries food and

water through the plant and holds up the

lightfor the plant The flowers of plants

make fruit.Flowers are verybeautiful

seeds.Oranges,apples, lemons,and

bananasare delicious fruit.Trees are very big plants Trees have

branches. Branches are the arms of a tree andhave leaves.

READING SKILL Main Idea and Details

f The parts of aplant help itlive and grow.

andhold the

plantin the

carriesfood and

up the plant.

plant. makefruit

The fruitholds

©

Q

14

4 Comprehension

if

Choose the correct answer.

1. The roots of a plant are found in the

b. soil

2. Thestem of a plant carries

a. water and food b. airand light c. soil andground

3. The flowers of a plant make fruit

a. that hold up the plant

b. that hold lemonsor apples

c. that people can eat

4. The leaves take in air and light,and

Critical Thinking

Write the correct answer

1. Name four different parts of a plant

* * n

ffiflfiva

[ ) ©

Key Vocabulary

A life cycle is the series of

changesoccurring in an animal

A seedling is a young plant that

grows out from a seed

sprout

leaves beginto grow on it.

seed coat

A seed coat covers and protects

a seed

cone

A cone,that has many seeds,is

the fruit of the pine tree.

16

I

Match each word with its definition

seed coat

3. the partthat covers and protectsa seed

seedling

sprout life cycle

4. a young plant growingoutof a seed

Circle T for true, F for false

1. A seedgrows out from a seedling

2. A cone is the brightly colored leaves of a flower.

3. A seed coat protects a seed.

T / F

T / F

T / F

19

• VrV ,

r

Reading

Read the passage Complete the chart .

Life Cycle of a Plant

A plant changesas it grows All of

thesechanges make a plant's

life cycle. A plant goes through

A plant begins life as a seed.

Flowers make fruit that hold

seeds. A seed has a baby plant

inside. Seeds have special seed coats

from a cone.The seed sprouts and

becomes a seedling A seedling is a young plant As it grows up ,it

becomestaller and thicker. Theseedling grows into an adult plant.

When the plant grows up, new seeds will begin a new life cycle.

i

READING SKILL Sequence

Life Cycle of a Plant

Choose the correct answer.

2. Seeds have _

b. seedcoats c. youngplants

3. A seedling is a young plant that grows

a. out of a tree tobecomea seed

b. but cannot becomean adult plant

a. andthis iscalled its life cycle

Critical Thinking

Write the correct answer

1. What is the firststage of a plant 's lifecycle?

2. After a plant hasfully grown up,whathappens?

21

i k > I

» » V

earth.We cannot see air,butitis

ground

the earth where plants

live

water

A liquid thatis necessary for life.

a plant.

space

Thearea available for use.If there

is space,a plantcan grow big

2:

6. the area available for use

True or False

w

Circle T for true, F for false

2. Soil is the top part of theearth.

25

A plant needs many things to help

and air to helpit grow . Sunlight

plant warmth.A plant needs

water to grow .Water helps carryfood from the soil to allits parts.

Soil has food for plantsto grow

plant to grow .Plants grow inthe ground Aplant needs space ] in the

ground to grow bigger.Canyou remember all the important things a

plant needsto grow big and strong?

READING SKILL Causeand Effect

What Plants Need

Choose the correct answer

has food for plantsto grow ,

3. We cannot see air,

a. water,or soil,but they areimportant for aplant

4. If a plant doesnot have enough food or water,

a. theplant willget moresunlighttohelpitgrow

b. the plant willmove to anotherarea

c. the plant willnot grow bigandstrong

Critical Thinking y

V

Write the correct answer

1 What helpsto carry food from the soilto all the plantparts?

27

Anyanimal that can liveboth on

Amphibianshave smooth ,wetskin

bird

egg

A birdhas feathers andtwo wings

Most birds can fly An where egg a is a baby round birdshellor

reptile grows k

insect

An insect is a small creature with

three body partsand six legs

Insects haveno bones

A fish iis a creature that livesin

Fish usefins anda tail to swim

28

( • >.

Animals and Their Characteristicsmammal hairor fur,gives birth tolive babies

amphibian

» ",' • 4 ' 4 - 0 i • * 4 4 * 9

E x e r c i s e

:

Match each word with its definition .

1. an animal that has smooth,wet skin and can live

in water and on land

reptile mammal

2. ananimal that has threebody parts and six legs

insect

3. an animal that lives in thewater and has scales

fish

4. an animal thathas dry skin and lays eggs

amphibian

5. an animal that has feathers andwings

6. an animal with hair on itsbody

plete the chart .

Read the passage Com

and some give birth

many kinds of animals Some lay eggs

There are

to live young.Some have

the water andsome live onland A mammal is an animal with

live inhair on its body.Itgivesbirth to liveyoungand layseggs. Fish livein the water.They have scales on their bodies

Ithas wings.Many animals have bones in their

bodies. Bones arehard and give an animal's

body shape. Insects have three body partsand six legs.They do not havebones.What

Ti

^ AnimalGroups

^

mammal givebirthtolive ©

© feathers and wings

reptile amphibian smooth, 0 skin

32

Comprehension

f

Choose the correct answer

1. Fish havescales,live in

3. Amphibians have smooth, wetskin which

c. means that they cannotlivein water

a. it doesnot have bones

b. it has 8 legs,not 6 legs

c. it has 6 legs,not 8 legs

A

Write the correct answer

1. Name the animalsthat givebirth tolive babies.

2. Name the animals that have dry skin covered with scales.

33

A wing is thepart of a

Ahard and pointedpart of a

I to findfoodin the ground

K - v

hair

Hair is thin,fine

parts on the skin

give food

to a person or an animal.

lung

someanimals breathe

gill

A gillis one of the openings on

leg

35

Choose the correct answer

1. They are both for 2 They areboth for i

Match each word with its definition .

1. one°f the openings on the side of a fish's head

fur

2. the part of a bird that helpsit fly

3. a hard and pointed part of a bird's mouth

lung

gill

wing

4. one of the many soft,thin partsthat cover a

beak

5. anorgan that helps some animals breathe

6. the soft,thick hair that growson thebody of

Reading i :

Read the passage Complete the chart

Body Parts of Animals

Animals have manydifferent kinds of

and a beak.The wingshelp the bird

to fly The beak is the hard part of a

feed Many animals breathe using

lungs A fish breathes using gills <

the side of its body. Someanimals

have very smooth skin.Afrog has very smooth skin All mammals

have hair on their bodies. Some animals have fur on their bodies.

Animalshave different kinds of bodies and skins

c © Thesehelp thebirds tofly

9 All mammalshave thisontheir bodies

Someanimals use theseto ©

lungs

0

38

3. People are mammals and have hair,

b. andthey breathe airusing gills

4. Someanimals have fur on their bodies,but

Critical Thinking

v.

Write the correct answer

1. Name the body parts of a bird.

2. What kind of animal breathes using gills?

39

Arainforest is aforest inan area

whereitrains a lot.

cover

To cover

something

40

Match each word with its definition

icy andcold place neartheNorth Pole

desert

2. a placewhere ananimal lives

3. aplacethatgetslittleor norain

oceanhabitat

forest

rainforest

i

w

Circle T for true , F for false

2. Awetland is a very largearea of salt water.

3. Habitat is an area whereit rainsalot.

43

Read the passage Complete the

* ^

L-V v. A

A habitat isaplace whereanimals live JMjK

There aremany kinds of habitats

Forests are a good habitat for animals

tolive.Ina forest,there aremanytrees,

Plants ,andfood.Ina rainforest there

are alsomanytreesanditrainsalot.The ocean isanother habitat The

animals thatcan swim live in theocean In a wetland ,there is a lot of

notsalty.A grassland isflat and

water and plants.Its water issalty orhas a lot of grass.The Arctic and the desert are habitats that are not

good for animals to live.The Arctic isvery cold A desert is very hot

anddry.Inthe desert it doesnotrain much.

READING SKILL Classify

Different Kinds ofHabitats

alot of trees /Itrainsalot

desert veryhot and ® / not muchrain

f g r a s s l a n d J © IIthasalotof grass

Arctic very0.

44

» «1

I* »

Comprehension

f

Choose the correct answer

1. What is the name for a placewhere animals live?

a. dry b . habitat c. cover

2. The ocean is a large areaof

a. iceand water b. wetland c. saltwater

3. A desert does not getmuch rain,

a. butit is a goodhabitatforanimalsto livein

b butit stillhas alotof grass growing there

4. Awetland has a lot of water andplants,

c. butis verydry becauseit never rains in a wetland

A

w

Write the correct answer

1. What kinds of animals live in the ocean?

2. Name three animalsthat live in deserts.

45

I Saving Natural Resources

OsggcoXJDtl 'O

usually come from mountains.

A lakeis a large area of water.A

lake is smaller than an ocean

mountain

plain

A plain is aflat land.There are

not many trees on a plain.

hill

Ahill is a high areaof land Ahill

is smaller than a mountain.

cliff

A cliff is ahigh ,steep partof the

land.