simple compound complex sentence (word)

I am planning to visit Korea, but I have started to save some money.. I have a plan to visit Korea, nor have I started to save some money.. I have made a plan to visit Korea, so I have s

* Grammar:

I Types of Sentence ( Các ki u câu ) ể

1 Câu đ n (Simple Sentence) ơ

Câu đ n là gì? Câu đ n trong ti ng anh là câu ch có ơ ơ ế ỉ m t m nh đ đ c l pộ ệ ề ộ ậ

(“M nh đ là 1 câu hoàn ch nh ph i có ch ng (S) và đ ng t (V)”) ệ ề ỉ ả ủ ữ ộ ừ

E.g.: My hobby is horse-riding.

* M t câu đ n có th có nhi u h n m t ch ngộ ơ ể ề ơ ộ ủ ữ

E.g.: John and Mary were sad.

* M t câu đ n có th có nhi u đ ng tộ ơ ể ề ộ ừ.

E.g.: Smith ate noodle and drank coffee.

2 Compound sentence:

Compound sentence là gì? M t câu ghép trong ti ng anh g m ộ ế ồ hai m nh đ ệ ề

đ c l p độ ậ ược n i v i nhau b ng các liên t n i ho c các c p t n iố ớ ằ ừ ố ặ ặ ừ ố Đ xácể

đ nh li u m nh đ có ph i là m nh đ đ c l p không ta lị ệ ệ ề ả ệ ề ộ ậ ược b liên t đi.ỏ ừ

E.g.: Smith ate noodle and John drank coffee.

→ Smith ate noodle (M nh đ đ c l p)ệ ề ộ ậ

→ John drank coffee (M nh đ đ c l p)ệ ề ộ ậ

E.g.: Smith ate noodle and drank coffee.

→ Smith ate noodle (M nh đ đ c l p)ệ ề ộ ậ

→ drank coffee (không ph i là M nh đ vì không có ch ng )ả ệ ề ủ ữ

* M t câu ghép độ ược k t n i b ng:ế ố ằ

a) d u ph y, ch m ph y ho c d u hai ch m ấ ẩ ấ ẩ ặ ấ ấ

E.g.: I met David yesterday; he’s just come out of hospital.

(Hôm qua tôi g p David; anh ta v a ra kh i b nh vi n.)ặ ừ ỏ ệ ệ

b) liên t k t h p nh : ừ ế ợ ư For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So (FANBOYS) ….

3 Complex Sentences (câu ph c) ứ

- Có 1 m nh đ đ c l p (independent clause)ệ ề ộ ậ và 1 hay nhi u m nh đ ph ề ệ ề ụ

(dependent clause)(nh ng thư ường là 1 m nh đ ph ) Hai m nh đ ệ ề ụ ệ ề

thường được n i v i nhau b i d u ph y ho c các ố ớ ở ấ ẩ ặ liên t ph thu c ừ ụ ộ

E.g.: When I came, they were watching TV.

We'll go out if the rain stops.

M t s liên t ph thu c ộ ố ừ ụ ộ :

After,although,as,as if,as long as,as much as,as soon as,as though…….

4 Compound-Complex Sentences (ho c Mixed Sentences) ặ (câu ph c ứ

t ng h p) ổ ợ

Là câu có ít nh t 2 m nh đ chính và ít nh t 1 m nh đ ph ấ ệ ề ấ ệ ề ụ

Ví d : ụ

Although I like camping, I haven’t had the time to go lately, and I haven’t

found anyone to go with.

* B ng liên t và cách dùn ả ừ g

Coordinating

Conjunctions

(liên t k t h p) ừ ế ợ dùng

trong câu ghép

Correlative Conjunctions (liên t t ừ ươ ng quan Subordinating Conjunctions (liên t ph ừ ụ

thu c) dùng trong câu ộ

ph c ứ

- and: và

- but : nh ng ư

- or : ho c, n u không ặ ế

E.g.: You should study

hard for this exam or you

can fail

(B n nên h c chăm n u ạ ọ ế

không b n sẽ thi r t) ạ ớ

- nor: mà cũng không

=> S + V (d ng ph đ nh) , ạ ủ ị nor +

auxiliary verb (tr đ ng ợ ộ

- either or: ho c ho c ặ ặ

I will either go for a walk or read

a book (Ho c tôi sẽ đi d o ho c ặ ạ ặ

đ c sách) ọ

- neither nor: không…cũng không….

He is neither rich nor famous (

Anh ta ch ng giàu cũng ch ng ă ă

n i ti ng gì c ) ô ế ả

- not only but also: không nh ng ữ

…mà còn…

She is not only clever, but also beautiful (Cô ta không

after: sau khi before: tr ướ c khi although/though/ even though: m c dù ặ

as long as: mi n là ễ

as soon as: ngay khi because /since/as: b i vì ở

so that / in order that : đ mà ể

If: n u ế even if: k c khi ể ả

E.g.: She doesn’t like apple,

nor does she like banana.=

She doesn’t like apple and

she doesn’t like banana.

( Cô y không thích táo ấ

mà cũng không thích

chu i) ố

for : b i vì ở

yet = but

so : vì v y ậ

nh ng thông minh mà còn xinh ữ

đ p) e

- both and: v a v a… ừ ừ

He is both intelligent and good-natured (Anh ta v a thông minh ừ

v a t t b ngừ ố ụ )

- whether or: li u ….hay… ệ

Have you decided whether you will come or not? (B n đa quy t ạ ế

đ nh là li u b n có đ n hay ị ệ ạ ế không ch a?) ư

- scarcely…when = no sooner … than: ngay khi…thì

I had scarcely walked in the door when I got the call (Ngay khi

v a đi vào c a thì tôi có cu c g i) ừ ử ộ ọ

- would rather… than : thà…còn

h n ơ

I would rather go to the cinema than go to the library (Tôi

thà đi xem phim h n là đ n th ơ ế ư

vi n) ệ

unless: n u không ế until: cho đ n khi ế when/ as: khi where: n i ơ while: trong khi

* L u ý: trong c u trúc v i ư ấ ớ neither…nor và either…or, đ ng t chia theo ộ ừ

ch ng g n nh tủ ữ ầ ấ ; còn trong c u trúc ấ v i both…and và not only …but ớ also, đ ng t chia theo ch ng képộ ừ ủ ữ (là c 2 danh t trả ừ ước đó.)

Ví d : ụ Neither my mother nor I am going to attend his party (c m tôi ả e

và tôi đ u không tham gia b a ti c)ề ữ ệ

Both my mother and I are going to attend his party (both my

mother and I = We) (C m tôi và tôi đ u tham gia b a ti c)ả e ề ữ ệ

• Bài t p:ậ

I Hãy xác đ nh đâu là câu đ n, câu ghép và câu ph c trong 10 câu ị ơ ứ

ti ng Anh đ ế ượ c li t kê bên d ệ ướ i.

1 The training rooms of these college athletes smell of grease and gasoline

2 Their practice field is a stretch of asphalt, and their heroes make a living driving cars

3 Their tools are screwdrivers and spanners rather than basketballs and footballs

4 This new brand of college athlete is involved in the sport of auto racing

5 Most of the students are engineering majors, and they devote every minute of their spare time to their sport

6 Although the sport is new, it has already attracted six collegiate teams in the Southeast

7 The students work on special cars designed for their sport

8 The cars are called Legends cars, models of Fords and Chevys from 1932

to 1934, and they are refitted by the students with 1200 cc motorcycle engines

9 Although their usual speed ranges from 50 to 90 miles an hour, Legends cars can move up to 100 miles an hour on a straightaway

10 The Saturday morning races of the competing teams have attracted as many as 3,500 fans, but the students concede they are no threat to the nation's fastest growing sport of stock car racing

II 1 The Da Nang Interenational Fireworks Festival is very famous and amazing; , it has attracted thousands of foreign and domestic visitors

A therefore B because C while

2 School children like Tet because it is a long holiday; , they can also receive a lot of lucky money on the occasion

A and B otherwise C moreover

3 you have chance to visit Khanh Hoa, you should join Nha Trang Sea Festival celebrated in June

4 I went to Le Mat festival last year, I didn't taste any snakes there

5 The Kate festival is celebrated to commemorate the Cham heroes, it's also a chance for the local to relax and meet one another

A because B although C and

III N i câu v i liên t thích h p:ố ớ ừ ợ

neither … nor but and so either … or

1.People should not throw rubbish in the park People should not cut down the trees in the park

=>

2.Mould and mildew can cause health problems We need to remove any growth regularly

=>

3 For a start, we should use renewable resources We should also consume more organic food

=>

4.Modern household appliances make our life more convenient Some of them are not eco-friendly and cause pollution

=>

5.We should not waste paper We should not cut down any trees either

=>

IV S d ng liên t và câu dử ụ ừ ưới đây đ t o thành câu ph c:ể ạ ứ

so that we can reduce energy consumption and air

pollution

if they are aware of their high exhaust emissions because we keep polluting our rivers, seas and oceans

although black carbon particles are released into the air

1.We should use recycled materials

=>

2.More and more aquatic animals will die

=>

3.Levels of soot pollution increase

=>

4 Some farmers still use old diesel trucks

=>

5 We should walk or cycle more often

=>

IV 1.The boys are playing games, the girls are watching TV.

2.I tried my best in the final test, the result was not as good as I

expected

3.He lost the key, he couldn't get into the house.

4.She loves comedies, her husband is interested in action films.

A for B yet C or

5.You must do well in the test, you will not graduate.

6 Pop music is so popular, the melody is simple and memorable.

7 I should practice more for the competition, _ my health hasn't

been excellent recently

8 You can go to the movies with me, you can go to the concert

alone

V 1.The boy didn't like to go to school He went anyway.

A The boy didn't like to go to school, so he went anyway

B The boy hated to go to school, yet he went anyway

C The boy hated to go to school, and he went anyway

2 I am planning to visit Korea I have started to save some money.

A I am planning to visit Korea, but I have started to save some money

B I have a plan to visit Korea, nor have I started to save some money

C I have made a plan to visit Korea, so I have started to save some money

3 The first season of Vietnam Idol aired on VTV in 2007 The fifth season

aired in 2013

A The first season of Vietnam Idol aired on VTV in 2007, and the fifth one aired in 2013

B The first season of Vietnam Idol aired on VTV in 2007, but the fifth

season aired in 2013

C The first season of Vietnam Idol aired on VTV in 2007, for the fifth season aired in 2013

4.My uncle can play volleyball He can't play basketball.

A My uncle can play football, so he can play basketball

B My uncle can play volleyball, nor can he play basketball

C My uncle can play volleyball, but he can't play basketball

5.Let's go to the swimming pool It's so hot today.

B Let's go to the swimming pool, so it's very hot today.

C Let's go to the swimming pool, and it's so hot today

6 You can call the manager directly You can email him.

A You can call the manager directly, or you can email him

B You can call the manager directly, for you can email him

C You can email the manager, so you can call him directly

7.She sang beautifully At the end of her performance, she got a big round of

applause from the audience

A She sang beautifully, yet at the end of her performance, she got a big round of applause from the audience

B She sang beautifully, for at the end of her performance, she got a big round of applause from the audience

C She sang beautifully, so at the end of her performance, she got a big

round of applause from the audience

8 It is raining very hard The children are still playing football.

A It is raining very hard, for the children are still playing football

B It is raining very hard, yet the children are still playing football

C It's raining very hard, so the children are still playing football

VI Compound Sentences - Xác đ nh câu Đúng hay Sai ị

Decide whether the following sentences are Correct or Incorrect.

(Xác đ nh nh ng câu sau là đúng (Correct) hay sai (Incorrect)) ị ữ

1 He was a gifted song-writer, but he had to suffer poor health.

2 Katherine doesn't like the main characters of that movie, nor she likes its

plot

3 Pitt has just put two new batteries in the toy car, yet it is not running.

4 Mary was tired, yet we stopped for a rest.

5 Maybe it is caused by human error, and maybe it is totally a coincidence.

6 You've been waiting for too long You should go home, and I will ask Sally

to talk to you later

7 I stayed in San Francisco for two years, so that I can recommend some

really nice sites

8 Because my mother is busy this week, so my father is going to my

cousin's wedding

VII Compound Sentences - Đi n liên t phù h p vào ch tr ng ề ừ ợ ỗ ố

Fill in the blanks with coordinating conjunctions: and, or, but, so, yet,

for, nor

1 Daniel tried to read a book in Thai, ……… it was too difficult

2 Will you pick me up after work, ……… will I take the bus?

3 My grandfather is quite old, ………… he exercises more regularly than I do.

4 My holiday will be an all-inclusive one, ……… I don't know much

about the city

5 Did he design the house himself, ……… did he have it designed by an

architect?

6 My mother gave me some money, ……… she also gave me a new dress

for Tet

7 She never came to see him, ……… did she leave him any money.

8 I had failed the driving test once, ……… I was very nervous yesterday.

VIII: Tìm t sai ho c th a trong m i câu ừ ặ ừ ỗ

Determine ONE wrong/ redundant word in each sentence.

(Xác đ nh M T t sai/ th a trong m i câu sau.) ị Ộ ừ ừ ỗ

1.She doesn't like the car toy, nor does she likes the Teddy bear.

2.There were no online tickets left, so that we had to come to the box office 3.Turn off all the lights and the TV, or lock the door before you leave.

4.She'd like to know what her mistakes are, so she wants to improve her pr

onunciation

5.For this computer is broken, and you can use that tablet.

6.That man looks like a kind guy you can count on, and he isn't He always

gives others a hand if he can

7.You mustn't go to the box office to buy tickets, for they don't sell tickets

online

8.The actor has been nominated for 10 Grammy Awards, yet he has won eig

ht That's a greatachievement

II Relative clause with which

 Complete the following sentences using “which” and the words given

Change the word forms or add some words if necessary.

1 some businesses and people / been environmentally irresponsible / lead / global warming / climate change

=>

2.green technology / use renewable resources / create / eco-friendly / products

=>

3.climate changes / affect crop harvests / cause / global / local / food shortages

=>

4.environmental pollution / put some species / danger of extinction / affect / species diversity / Earth

=>

5.everybody / should make an effort / go green / help / save / planet / future generations