hvac systems design handbook pdf

... impact on the design of HVAC systems Particular codes are sufficiently diverse in their adoption and im-plementation that it is unwise for this book to list any specifics The HVAC system designer should ... us of the value of continuous awareness of the physics of HVAC processes in the conduct of design work 1.2 Problem Solving Every HVAC design involves, as a first step, a problem-solving pro-cess, ... presents the so-lution in a credible and compelling way 1.4 Codes and Regulations No HVAC designer should undertake a design task without first hav-ing an awareness of and hopefully a workhav-ing familiarity

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 14:20

... or design office 5 Space limitations 6 Maintainability / reliability 7 Central plant versus distributed systems 8 Simplicity and controllability stood, the designer cannot provide an adequate HVAC ... acceptable (see Chap 11) Most HVAC systems for process environments have opportunities for heat reclaim and other ingenious ways of conserving energy Off-peak thermal storage systems are becoming popular ... difficult and require a thorough inquiry by the HVAC de-signer into the process and its needs Until the process is fully Trang 2under-TABLE 4.1 Criteria for HVAC System andEquipment Selection 1 Demands

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 14:20

... other source, such as a process, an incinerator, or re-frigeration equipment Source: HVAC Systems Design Handbook Trang 2322 Chapter Ten4 Solar energy collectors, both passive and active, which ... asmuch as 15 to 20 percent of steam capacity Some industrial plantsystems are designed for 100 percent makeup sys-In small boiler systems, condensate is returned by gravity to a ceiver and then ... oxide control systemsare being marketed, but their value is limited and costs are high Theyshould be evaluated as a developing technology 10.7 Boiler Feedwater and Water Treatment Systems Hot water

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 15:15

... disadvantages as themultizone AHU Many of the older systems installed in the 1950s and1960s were designed with high-velocity / high-pressure duct systems tominimize the space occupied by the ducts ... basic concepts Single-zone and VAV systems have similar, even identical, physical arrange-ments but use different control strategies Multizone and double-ductsystems are similar in arrangement ... temperature difference between the room and supply airtemperatures (58⬚F supply air), the design flow rate of air, designated CFM, in cubic feet per minute (cfm) will be CFM⫽ ⫽ 5555 ft /min (cfm) (11.1)

Ngày tải lên: 28/10/2013, 22:15

... Trang 1Design Documentation: Drawings and Specifications 13.1 Introduction Design documents evolve from and include the designer’s calculations, equipment selections, ... Computer-aided design and drafting (CADD) systems are available for lease or purchase or on a timeshar-ing basis from computer service companies As software has become more sophisticated, the systems ... pref-erably by the system designer Some offices use an independent checker to take a fresh look at the near-final product 13.3.9 Use of computers in drafting The use of computers in design, drafting, and

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2013, 19:15

... moist Source: HVAC Systems Design Handbook Trang 2470 Chapter Nineteenair can be evaluated by the perfect gas laws with only a small degree of error, which is not significant in most HVAC processes ... been very brief The subject is very important to the HVAC designer, and further study of Ref 1 and other sources is recommended Every set of HVAC design calculations should include one or more psychrometric ... wet-bulb temperatures and rela-tive humidity or dew point temperature 19.5 HVAC Processes on the Psychrometric Chart Any HVAC process may be plotted on the chart if the end state points are known

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 03:15

... opportunities for innovative HVAC design Industrial hygiene criteria complement HVAC criteria in these environments 2.9 Designing for Operation and Maintenance Over the life of the HVAC system, the operating ... may be necessary Radiant effects are often beyond the control of the HVAC designer but should be taken into account in the HVAC design Typical radiant effects are caused by windows (cold in winter, ... No HVAC system can be designed without a thorough knowledge of how it is to be controlled Psychrometrics is helpful in control system design, since the psychrometric chart which describes the HVAC

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 14:20

... can be run on small personal computers while some Source: HVAC Systems Design Handbook Trang 226 Chapter Threerequire large computer systems There are several important things to consider when ... summertemperatures For comfort heating, an indoor design temperature of systems at lower or higher temperatures than design, and this will bepossible most of the time Most HVAC systems tend and need to beoversized ... even on the north side Design Procedures: Part 1 Trang 630 Chapter ThreeFigure 3.3 Design criteria form, sheet 3. 3.4.1 Name of project, location, job ID, date, name of designer That a job notebook

Ngày tải lên: 26/01/2014, 14:20

... at δ = 0° for stiffness preserving design is (17.128) which indicates, at δ = 0°, that the mass of C4T11 is equal to that of C4T10 in a stiffness-preserving design Therefore, the mass reduction ... stiffness-preserving design Therefore, the mass reduction of C4T1 i structure in a stiffness-preserving design is unlikely to happen However, if the horizontal string t h is added in the C4T11 element ... 8Figure 17.45 showing all the possible configurations of a two-stage tensegrity can be quite usefulin designing a deployable tensegrity beam made of many stages The deployment of a beam withmany stages

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 21:20

... Suspension Systems 12.1 Introduction Vibration Isolation vs Vibration Absorption • Classification of Suspension Systems • Why Semi-Active Suspension? 12.2 Semi-Active Suspensions Design Introduction ... applicability of these systems.14-16 12.2 Semi-Active Suspensions Design 12.2.1 Introduction SA suspensions can achieve most of the performance characteristics of fully active systems, thusallowing ... fundamental principles and design issues for SA suspension systems,which are discussed in the form of a vibration absorber and vibration isolator 12.2.2 Semi-Active Vibration Absorption Design With a history

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 21:20

... external load We can loosely describe this as a robustness property, inthat the structure can be designed with a certain pretension to accomodate uncertainties in theloading (bending) environment ... analysis are intriguing The self-similar conceptcan be extended to the third dimension in order to design a realistic structure that could beimplemented in a column The chapter is arranged as follows: ... stiffness will be greater before the string is slack The compressive load in the bar, F c Fc = F/cos δDesigning the bar to buckle at this force yields where the mass of the two bars is (ρ1 = bar mass

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 21:20

... multibody mechanisms, IEEE Trans Systems, Man, Cybernetics, 7, 868, 1977. 34 Lin, S K., Singularity of a nonlinear feedback control scheme for robots, IEEE Trans Systems, Man, Cybernetics, 19, ... methods, IEEE Trans Systems, Man, Cybernetics, 16, 93, 1986. 59 Whitney, D E., Resolved motion rate control of manipulators and human prostheses, IEEE Trans. Man–Machine Systems, 10, 47, 1969. ... In the earlier phases of robotics development, design was not based on the exactcalculation of robot dynamics but followed experience from machine design Control did not takeinto account many dynamic

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 21:20

... the standard synthesis of a servosystem formechanical systems However, robotic systems have some essential differences to other mechanicalsystems For example, robots have variable moments of inertia ... control systems of the newest generations of robotshave to take into account the dynamics of robots The control law which takes into account all (orsome of) dynamic forces in the robotic systems ... the joint axis increase Ifduring synthesis of servosystems we have not included the mass and the moment of inertia of thepayload, the servosystems can become underdamped which causes oscillations

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 21:20

... specific kinds of technological systems (systems with recognition © 2002 by CRC Press LLC 8596Ch24Frame Page 640 Tuesday, November 6, 2001 9:43 PM in the loop, systems with elements of learning ... diagonal dominance of convenient position control systems of industrial robots are derived in S ˇ urdilovi´c. 53 In the majority of industrial robot systems, diagonal dominance is achieved by high ... force control methods cannot be suitably applied in commercial robotic systems lies in the fact that commercial robots are designed as positioning devices. The feedback term, i.e., the signal proportional

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 21:20

... its own deviation from the nominal state, one of the powered subsystemshas to be chosen to accomplish it As coupling of the subsystems is a function of control inputto the i-th subsystem , it ... biped locomotion It reflects much more clearly thenature of locomotion For example, in the biped design we can compute ZMP on the assumptionthat the support polygon is large enough to encompass ... unbalanced moments In previous works13 our attention has mainly been focused on the problemsof biped design and nominal motion synthesis, as well as stability analysis and biped dynamiccontrol that

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 21:20

... panel of the CNC system Readers are referred to machine design handbooks and texts for the basics of designing stationary, are covered in this handbook 4.2 Chatter Vibrations in Cutting Machine tool ... bodies The stationary parts carry moving bodies, such as table and spindle drives They must be designed to carry large weights and absorb vibrations transmitted by the moving and rotating parts ... assembly Because the parts to be machined will vary depending on the end-user, the builder must design the machine tool structure and control of drives to deliver maximum accuracy during machining

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 12:20

... the standard synthesis of a servosystem formechanical systems However, robotic systems have some essential differences to other mechanicalsystems For example, robots have variable moments of inertia ... speaking, different loop control systems were applied to control the first manipulation robots However, current robotsinclude digital (microprocessor)-based control systems that enable flexible specification ... obvious that the synthesis ofadequate control systems is of the highest importance for further application of robotics in industrialpractice Control systems of robots can be realized in different

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 12:20

... 25.5 ATOP Control Experiments Teleoperator systems were developed in the mid-1940s to create capabilities for handling highlyradioactive material Such systems allowed a human operator to handle ... culminated in the introduction ofbilateral force-reflecting master–slave manipulator systems In these very successful systems, theslave arm at the remote site is mechanically or electrically coupled ... potential foraccidental switch activation for a given design The lower the rating, the more potential existsfor accidental activation each design (assuming a normalized operator) Two areas were

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 12:20

... Trang 1Americas HeadquartersCisco Systems, Inc 170 West Tasman Drive Trang 2Cisco Validated DesignThe Cisco Validated Design Program consists of systems and solutions designed, tested, and documented ... ADVISORS BEFORE IMPLEMENTING THE DESIGNS RESULTS MAY VARY DEPENDING ON FACTORS NOT TESTED BY CISCO Cisco TelePresence Network Systems 1.1 Design Guide Copyright © 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc All rights reserved. ... MPLS VPN QoS Designs 6-32 TelePresence 4-Class MPLS VPN SP Model QoS Design 6-32 TelePresence 6-Class MPLS VPN SP Model QoS Design 6-37 TelePresence Sub-Line Rate Ethernet Access QoS Designs

Ngày tải lên: 21/12/2013, 06:16

... fun-damental deviation Hole Deviations Holes designated A through H have a lower deviation equal to the negative of the upper deviation for shafts Holes designated as J through ZC have an upper deviation ... lower deviation Remember, the deviations are defined as algebraic, so be careful with signs Shafts designated j through zc have the lower deviation equal to the fundamen-tal deviation For these, ... Eq (19.2), and the three coefficients are obtained from Table 19.4 Shaft Deviations For shafts designated a through h, the upper deviation is equal to the fundamental deviation Subtract the IT

Ngày tải lên: 23/12/2013, 01:16