Tài liệu Training - Standard - All Standards Structured Cabling Standards Overview NEW pdf

Local Authority Compliance„ Only licensed cable's install/maintain „ Cable, cabling products and customer equipments must be either: „ Labeled with local authority permit number, or „ L

STRUCTURED CABLING STANDARDS OVERVIEW

Đặng Thạch Quân Managing Director Quang Dung Technology Company

equipment and customer premises

equipment

equipment

Standards - Relevant Institutions

„ EIA: Electronic Industries Alliance

Website: www.eia.org

„ TIA: Telecommunications Industry Association

Website: www.tiaonline.org

„ ISO: International Organization for

Standardization Website: www.iso.ch

„ IEC: International Electrotechnical

Commission Website: www.iec.ch

Website: www.ansi.org

„ CENELEC: European Committee for Electrotechnical

Standardization

Website: www.cenelec.be

Standards - Relevant Institutions

„ UL: Underwriter Laboratories

Standards Framework

Industry Recommendations

„ ISO/IEC 11801 & EIA/TIA 568 B: Structured

Cabling Design, dimensions, component

specification, installation practices, compliance

testing, Link Class D, E, Class F parameters

„ EIA/TIA 569A: Design and installation practices of cabling pathways, spaces, support structures,

termination, cross connect enclosures and cable

Local Authority Compliance

„ Only licensed cable's install/maintain

„ Cable, cabling products and customer

equipments must be either:

„ Labeled with local authority permit number, or

„ Listed in the Certified Components List ( CCL ), or

„ Labeled with the local authority symbol

„ All customer equipment shall exhibit Authority permits

Structured Cabling Standards

Development history

Communications Cabling

-History & Trends

„ Twist, soldering, wire wrap, insulation

displacement

„ Cable quality - Categories 1 to 6

„ Data communications -point to point, sharing access, party-line LAN

time-„ Coaxial cable, twin ax, shielded twisted pair, unshielded twisted pair

Requirements of a cabling

system

and maintenance

System independent cabling

systems

the network transmission technology.

„ It must be easy to install, system

independent and universally usable and it must be future-proof to meet changing network technologies

networks with system independent

infrastructure:

„ The type of cable and the architecture

guarantee use with all currently available foreseeable future services and protocols.

Maintenance Costs for Moves, Extension and Repair

Time

10 years

Costs

Structured cabling, flood wiring

User based system-dependant cabling

„ Speed, Band Width, & Utilisation determine physical medium

1000m 300m 275m

Application Fibre 62.5u 9u

2000m 330m 550m

2000m 2000m 2000m

1310nm 1300nm

850nm

Ref: ISO 11801 Cl 8

Ref: ISO 11801 Table 4

ISO 11801 Channel Distance

Cabling Components

DISTANCE 10 Mbps 100 Mbps 1,000 Mbps 10,000 Mbps

*OM1 can be used with a wavelength of 1300nm, but OM2 gives a higher safety margin and is less sensitive to installation practices

TYPE SIZE OVERFILL LAUNCH

BANDWIDTH MHz.km

EFFECTIVE LASER LAUNCH BANDWIDTH MHz.km MMOF /125µ 850 nm 1300 nm 850 nm

OM1 50 or 62.5 200 500 Not Specified

OM2 50 or 62.5 500 500 Not Specified

OM3 50 1500 500 2000

Table 1

Table 2

9/125u SMOF @ 1310nm OS1

50/125u MMOF OM2

500 MHz.km Modal Band Width @ 850nm

50/125u MMOF OM2

500 MHz.km Modal Band Width @ 850nm

62.5/125u MMOF OM1

200 MHz.km Modal Band Width @850nm

Cabling Components:

Optical Fibre Recommendations

Overview of Cabling

Structure overview, topology

TO

TO TO

TO TO

TO TO

FD TO

CP

TO TO

TO

Universal (System independent)

Cabling System

Universal Cabling System

Campus cable

Building Backbone Cable

Workplace Cable Horizontal Cable

Cross connect - Jumper or Patchcord

FD BD

Patchcords

„ The International Organization for Standardization is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies from some 130 countries, one from each country

„ A non-governmental organization established in 1947

to promote the development of standardization and

related activities in the world with a view to facilitating the international exchange of goods and services, and

to developing cooperation in the spheres of

intellectual, scientific, technological and economic

activity

„ ISO's work results in international agreements which are published as International Standards

„ ISO/IEC 14763-2: Planning and Installation practices

„ ISO/IEC 14763-3: Testing of optical fiber cabling

„ IEC 61935-1: Specification for the testing of balanced communication cabling in accordance with ISO/IEC

11801 - Part 1: Installed cabling

„ IEC 61935-2: Specification for the testing of balanced communication cabling in accordance with ISO/IEC

11801 - Part 2: Patch cords and work area cabling

ISO/IEC 11801

„ Defines a generic cabling system which is application

independent and supports an open market for

cabling components

„ Specifies cabling for use within commercial premises which may comprise of single or multiple buildings on a campus, covers balanced copper cabling and optical fiber cabling

„ Designed to provide flexible cabling scheme such that

changes are both easy and economical to

implement

„ Designed to provide architects with guidance on the design

of cabling systems for implementation in buildings where user requirements can not be foreseen i.e in the initial planning either for construction or refurbishment

„ Provides a cabling system which will support current active equipment and provides a basis for future

developments.

„ Cabling defined by this standard supports a wide range

of services including voice, data, text, image and video.

ISO 11801, General purposes

„ Transmission tests to ensure compliance of

completed cabling with ISO 11801

„ Concurrent design and installation of voice and data cabling and a range of other possible

communication services

ISO 11801, General purposes

„ Flexibility

„ Minimizes disruption

„ Future proofing

„ Guarantees transmission quality

„ Compatibility without being vendor-specific

„ Cabling support for a wide range of

communications applications

ISO 11801 - Structured Cabling

Elements

MDF

ISO 11801 Structured Cabling:

Cross connect Active and Passive components

Optical-electrical converters LAN Hubs, Bridges, Routers etc.

Building entry facilities Equipment room

PABX, Data switch etc.

Conformance & Sub-systems

„ Campus Backbone Cabling Subsystem:

„ The campus backbone cabling subsystem extends from the campus

distributor to the building distributor, usually located in separate

buildings When present it includes the campus backbone cables, the

mechanical termination of the backbone cables and the cross connections

at the distributor The campus backbone may also interconnect building distributors.

„ Building Backbone Cabling Subsystem

„ A building backbone cabling subsystem extends from building distributor (s) to floor distributor (s) The subsystem includes the building backbone cables, the mechanical termination of the backbone cables and the cross connections at the building distributor the building backbone cables shall not contain transition points and copper cables should not contain splices.

„ Horizontal Cabling Subsystem

„ The horizontal cabling subsystem extends from a floor distributor to the telecommunications outlet (s) connected to it The subsystem includes the horizontal cables, the mechanical termination of the horizontal cables and the floor distributor, the cross-connections at the floor distributor and the telecommunications outlets.

„ Horizontal cables should be continuous from the floor distributor to the telecommunications outlets If necessary, one transition point is permitted between a floor distributor and any telecommunications outlet The

transmission characteristics of the horizontal cabling shall be maintained The consolidation point shall not be used as a point of administration (i.e not used as a cross-connect) and active equipment shall not be located there.

Conformance & Sub-systems

„ Work Area Cabling

the terminal equipment It is non-permanent and specific and therefore lies outside of the scope of ISO/IEC

application-11801.

„ Telecommunications Outlet

floor or elsewhere in the work area Telecommunications outlets may be presented singly, or in groups, but each individual work area shall be served by a minimum of two Telecommunications outlets shall be marked with a permanent label that is visible to the user Pair re-assignment shall be done by means of external adaptors.

„ Telecommunications Closets and Equipment Rooms

(space, power, environmental control etc.) for passive

components, active devices, and public network interfaces

housed within it Each telecommunications closet should have direct access to the backbone.

ISO 11801 - Maximum Cabling

Permitted cable lengths

Horizontal Cable

1,500 m

FD BD

Multiple campus buildings

Campus cabling

PSTN Building entry facilities

Equipment room PABX, Data switch etc.

ISO 11801 Applications Classes

Permanent Links and Channels

„ Category 1 components for speech band such as fax, internet, Up to 192Kb/s basic rate ISDN.

„ Not recognized by ANSI/EIA/TIA 568-A standard

„ Category 2 components for video conferencing, up to 2 Mb/s primary rate ISDN

„ Not recognized by ANSI/EIA/TIA 568-A standard

„ ANSI/EIA/TIA 568-A: Category 3 specified cable and hardware components up to 16 MHz for voice and data rates up to 10 Mb/s; e.g IEEE 802.3 10 Base T, IEEE 802.5 4Mb/s

„ ANSI/EIA/TIA 568-A: Category 4 specified cable and hardware components up to20 MHz for voice and data rates up to and incuding16 Mb/s; e.g IEEE 802.5 16 Mb/s

ISO 11801 Applications Classes

Permanent Links and Channels

„ CLASS D (OLD) TO ISO 11801:96: Link

„ CLASS E: Link bandwidth up to 250MHz

„ Category 6 components for transmission rate up to 2.5 Gigabit/s

„ Channel PSACR > 0 at 200 MHz

ISO 11801 Applications Classes

Permanent Links and Channels

„ Category 7 components for future ultra high speed data transmission applications

„ Cabling consists of four individually shielded twisted pairs

„ Nominal impedance 100 Ω

„ PSACR > 0 at 500 MHz

ISO 11801 Classes & Links

Achievable Lengths

1: The 100 m includes allowance of 10 m combined length of patchcords

2: The 3 Km is a limit defined by the standard and not a medium limitation

3: For distance greater than 100 m, the applicable LAN standard ( e.g IEEE 802.3, 802.5 etc ) should be consulted

ISO System Models

Fig 11d Cross - Connect + CP

Fig 11c Inter - Connect + CP Fig 11a Inter - Connect to TO

Fig 11b Cross - Connect to TO

How far on Horizontal Copper?

Table 4

How far on Backbone Copper?

Table 5

Recommended Cable Types

„ Optical fibre-62.5/125µm or 50/125 µm multimode

(OM1, OM2, OM3 Grade )

„ Balanced cable -multipair-100 ohm ( preferred ), min category 3 which is mainly used for telephony, fax,

internet connections

„ Optical fibre-single mode 9/125 µm for special

applications and future 10G Ethernet application

ISO 11801 Link Definitions

Channel, CP & Permanent Link

Connection Models

„ Interconnect -TO Model

„ Simplest model used for SMB - 1 Patch Panel option

„ Cross connect -TO Model

„ For enterprise – 2 Patch Panels option

„ Interconnect -CP -TO Model

„ For large organization, multinational company with large amount of end-users, requires frequent

changes in users & group location – 1 Patch Panel & 1 CP

„ Cross connect -CP -TO Model

„ For large organization, multinational company with huge amount of end-users, requires numerous

cross-connections & manageability – 2 Patch Panels

& 1 CP

Electronic Industries Association (EIA/TIA)

2500 Wilson Blvd., Suite 400 Arlington,

VA 22201-3836

USA (703) 907-7500

„ The administrator and coordinator of the United States private sector voluntary standardization system since

in 1918 by five engineering societies and three

government agencies, the Institute remains a private, non-profit membership organization supported by a

diverse constituency of private and public sector

organizations

„ Through ANSI, the United States has immediate access

to the ISO and IEC standards development processes

„ ANSI participates in almost the entire technical

program of both the ISO (78% of all ISO technical

committees) and the IEC (91% of all IEC technical

committees) and administers many key committees

and subgroups (16% in the ISO; 17% in the IEC)

ANSI/TIA/EIA Standards

„ ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-A (obsolete)

„ ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B Series

„ ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.1 Commercial Building

Telecommunications Cabling Standard

„ ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.2 100 Ohm Twisted Pair Cabling

Standard

„ ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-B.3 Optical Fiber Standards

„ ANSI/TIA/EIA-569-A: Commercial Building Standard for Telecommunications Pathways and Spaces

„ ANSI/TIA/EIA-570-B: Residential Telecommunications Cabling Standard

„ ANSI/TIA/EIA-606A: Administration Standard for the

Telecommunications Infrastructure of Commercial Buildings

„ ANSI/TIA/EIA-607A: Commercial Building Grounding and Bonding Requirements for Telecommunications

ANSI/TIA/EIA 568-A (obsolete)

„ ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A-2 - Misc changes

„ ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A-3 - Hybrid and Bundled Cables

„ ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A-4 - Patch Cords

„ ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-A-5 - Category 5e

„ TIA/EIA/IS-729 – Technical Specifications for

100 Ohm Screened Twisted-Pair Cabling

ANSI/EIA/TIA 568-A Revision

TSB: Telecommunications System Bulletin

Amendment of EIA/TIA 568A

Summary

„ Recognition of 100 Ohm ScTP( FTP) cabling

„ Deletion of 150 ohm STP cabling as

recognized cable for new installation

„ Recognition of 50/12 5µm multimode fibre

cabling for both horizontal and backbone

applications

„ Removal of Category 4 specifications

„ Deletion of Category 5 cabling as recognized cable for new installation

„ A min of Category 5E recommended at the first telecommunications outlet and a min of Cat5E required for the second TO or

50/125µm or 62/125 µm multimode optical cable.

EIA/TIA 569-A Overview

Telecommunications Pathways and Spaces

„ Published in February 1998, encompasses telecommunications considerations both

within and between buildings

„ EIA/TIA 569 pays attention to:

„ Pathway separation from electrically -noisy sources

„ Securing practices

„ Minimum bending radii and minimizing hauling

tensions

„ Design/installation of closets, enclosures,

equipment room and lead-in cable entrance facilities

„ Pathway techniques:

EIA/TIA 569-A - Addendums

Spaces

and Spaces

Wireways

EIA/TIA 570 Overview

Residential Telecommunications Cabling Standard

„ Standardizes requirements for residential

telecommunications cabling, based on the

facilities that are necessary for existing and emerging telecommunications services.

„ For new construction, additions, and

remodeled single and multi-tenant residential buildings.

„ Cabling specifications for:

ANSI/EIA/TIA 606 - Overview

Administration & Document Standard

„ Provide a uniform administration scheme that is

independent of applications, which may change

several times throughout the life of a building

„ Establishes guidelines for owners, end users,

manufacturers, consultants, contractors,

designers, installers, and facilities administrators

involved in the administration of the

telecommunications infrastructure or related

„ Recommends labeling arrangement in:

„ Cable patch ways

„ Cables

„ Terminations, cross connect facilities at closets