Tài liệu Basic Contour Hatching doc

BASIC Brenda Hoddinott F-08 BEGINNER: HATCHING In this lesson, you use contour hatching to depict the illusion of depth, by transforming a circular shape into a three-dimensional form.

BASIC

Brenda Hoddinott

F-08 BEGINNER: HATCHING

In this lesson, you use contour hatching to depict the illusion of depth, by transforming a circular

shape into a three-dimensional form Contour hatching is a series of curved lines (called a set)

drawn closely together to give the illusion of values, and is ideal for rendering the illusion of three dimensional form

This lesson is divided into the following three sections:

Ü INTRODUCTION: Related terms and words are defined, and two drawings are presented

The first is shaded with straight hatching lines, and looks very flat and two-dimensional The second is shaded with curved hatching lines that follow the perceived contours of a form; hence, the form looks three-dimensional

Ü USE YOUR NATURAL HAND MOVEMENTS: A critical aspect of achieving smooth

shading with contour hatching is becoming aware of, and then utilizing your own natural hand movements This section tells you how to find your most natural drawing motions

Ü DRAW A FORM WITH CONTOUR HATCHING: This exercise takes you through the

process of using contour hatching to transform a circular shape into a three-dimensional form

Suggested drawing supplies include good quality white drawing paper, HB and 2B graphite pencils, kneaded and vinyl erasers, a pencil sharpener, and a sandpaper block

This project is recommended for artists from age 10 to adult with basic drawing skills, as well as home schooling, academic and recreational fine art educators of beginner-level students

7 PAGES – 9 ILLUSTRATIONS

Published by Hoddinott Fine Art Publishers, Halifax, NS, Canada – 2005 (Revised 2006)

INTRODUCTION

In this lesson, you use curved lines to depict the illusion of depth by transforming a circular shape into a three-dimensional form

Curved lines are created when a straight line curves (or bends) Curved lines can be drawn thick

or thin Shape refers to the outward outline of a form or section of a pattern Basic shapes include circles, squares and triangles Form, as applied to drawing, is the illusion of the three-dimensional structure of a shape, created in a drawing with shading and/or perspective Shading

refers to the various shades of gray (values) in a drawing that make the subjects appear three-dimensional Shading is also the process of adding values to a drawing so as to create the illusion

of form and/or three-dimensional space Values are the different shades of gray created when you

draw by varying both the density of the shading lines, and the pressure used in holding various pencils

Compare the following two drawings Each is the same shape, but one is shaded with straight

hatching lines, and the other with curved hatching lines Hatching is a series of lines (called a

set) drawn closely together to give the illusion of values Depending on the shading effects you want, you can make the individual lines in hatching sets far apart or close together

ILLUSTRATION 08-01 ILLUSTRATION 08-01

The circular shape

in illustration

08-01 looks very flat

and

two-dimensional The

circular shape in

illustration 08-02

has been shaded

with contour

hatching

The curved hatching lines follow the contours of the perceived forms of the circular shape; hence the illusion of three-dimensional form is created

USE YOUR NATURAL HAND MOVEMENTS

A critical aspect of achieving smooth shading with contour hatching is becoming aware of and then utilizing your own natural hand movements To discover which are ideal for you, simply draw several sets of slightly curved lines As you draw, take note of how you make these lines, how smooth the lines look, and how comfortable you feel while drawing them Try many different ways of moving your pencil, rotating your paper, or changing the directions of your lines, until you find the motions that are the most natural for you

For example, one possibility consists of lines that curve upward from the lower right toward the upper right (marked 1 in Illustration 08-03) Another is from the upper right curving downward toward the lower right (marked 2)

The motions indicated in sets 1 and 2, work best for me and, as you can tell by the awkwardness

of the lines in numbers 3 to 8, others are very unnatural to me

Any of the stroking movements illustrated may be perfect for you, and of course you can also experiment with others To take advantage of your natural hand movement, you need to continuously rotate your drawing paper as you draw For example if I want my sets of lines (1 and 2) to curve in the opposite direction, I simply turn my paper upside-down to draw

ILLUSTRATION 08-03

DRAW A FORM WITH CONTOUR HATCHING

In this exercise, curved hatching lines are used to transform a circular shape into a three-dimensional form

ILLUSTRATION 08-04

1 Lightly sketch a circular shape with your HB pencil

No need to make your shape exactly like mine,

but try to come close Mine looks like a cross

between a kidney bean, a potato, and a cocoon!

Keep your lines very light by pressing very

gently with your pencil The lines in this

particular sketch seem dark; however, in

reality the lines are so light that I can barely

see them I have made them darker in a

computer program so you can see them

ILLUSTRATION 08-05

2 Add a few curved lines to map the directions

in which the hatching lines will curve

As you work, pretend you are

wrapping string around a circular

form

Always place a piece of

clean paper under your

hand as you draw

Each time you work

on a new section,

remember to move

your paper so it’s

always under your

hand

This prevents you

from smudging your

drawing, and protects

the paper from the

oils in your skin

ILLUSTRATION 08-06

3 Use curved hatching lines to add

shading to the lower section of the

circular shape

The hatching lines follow

the perceived contours of

the surface of the form

The hatching lines

are not long and

continuous; rather

they are of various

lengths

Also, remember

to use your

natural hand

movement to

help you render

smoothly

flowing curved

lines

ILLUSTRATION 08-07

4 Continue adding shading that follows the

contours of the surface of the form

If your shading isn’t as smooth

as you would like, you can

touch it up

To make lines lighter

pat them with your

kneaded eraser

molded to a wedge

shape

You can make

sections darker

by drawing

more short

curved hatching

lines in between

others

ILLUSTRATION 08-08

5 Switch to a freshly sharpened 2B pencil

and add darker curved lines around the

perimeter of the shape

This dark value will enhance

the illusion of a three

dimensional form

The dark curved

lines need to feather

gently toward the

lighter values in the

center sections;

hence, the curved

hatching lines are

raggedy and of

various lengths

Don’t forget to rotate

your drawing paper!

Use a sandpaper block

to keep the point of

your pencil sharpened

6 Use an HB pencil to fill in lots more curved hatching lines until the surface of the form appears to be a medium value

The transition between the dark and medium values is very smooth The curved hatching lines are barely noticeable because they are really close together with hardly any of the white paper still showing through

7 Touch up any sections you aren’t happy with

Remember, if the transition between your values isn’t as smooth as you like, you can improve it Try using a freshly sharpened HB pencil to add a few more short curved hatching lines in between others

ILLUSTRATION 08-09

Practice drawing sets of contour hatching lines every chance you can

find! With only half an hour a day of practice, there will be a significant improvement in your drawings very soon

BRENDA HODDINOTT - BIOGRAPHY

As a self-educated teacher, visual artist, portraitist, forensic artist, and illustrator, Brenda Hoddinott utilizes diverse art media including graphite, technical pen, colored pencil, chalk pastel, charcoal, conté crayon, and oil paints

My philosophy on teaching art is to focus primarily on the

enjoyment aspects while gently introducing the technical and

academic Hence, in creating a passion for the subject matter,

the quest for knowledge also becomes enjoyable

>Brenda Hoddinott<

Born in St John’s, Newfoundland, Brenda grew up in the small town of Corner Brook She developed strong technical competencies with a personal commitment to self directed learning, and the aid of assorted “Learn to Draw” books During Brenda’s twenty-five year career as a self-educated civilian forensic artist, numerous criminal investigation departments have employed Brenda’s skills, including Royal Canadian Mounted Police and municipal police departments In 1992, Brenda was honored with a commendation from the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and in 1994, she was awarded a Certificate of Membership from “Forensic Artists International”

Her home-based art career included graphic design, and teaching recreational drawing and painting classes As supervisor of her community’s recreational art department, Brenda hired and trained teachers, and designed curriculum for several children’s art programs In 1998, Brenda chose to end her eighteen-year career as an art educator in order to devote more time to writing, drawing, painting, and developing her websites

Drawspace http://www.drawspace.com incorporate her unique style and innovative approach to curriculum development These sites offer downloadable and printable drawing classes for students of all abilities from the age of eight through adult Students of all ages, levels and abilities have praised the simple step-by-step instructional approach These sites are respected as

a resource for fine art educators, home schooling programs, and educational facilities throughout the world

LEARN-TO-DRAW BOOKS BY BRENDA HODDINOTT

Drawing for Dummies (2003): Wiley Publishing, Inc., New, York, NY, this 336 page book

is available on various websites and in major bookstores internationally

The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Drawing People (2004): Winner of the Alpha-Penguin

Book of the Year Award 2004, Alpha - Pearson Education – Macmillan, Indianapolis, IN, this 360 page book is available on various websites and in major bookstores internationally