2 - Sử dụng cấu trúc song song với các cặp từ nối Một số cặp từ nối luôn đòi hỏi phải đi cùng cấu trúc song song.. Các em có thể ghi nhớ các cặp từ sau: Both Neither Either Not only A.[r]
Trang 1Relationships between ideas: Quan hệ Nguyên Nhân-Kết Quả
I.Rewrite the sentence using the words given Remember to put period at the end of the sentence
1.Many people in Asia were hungry because of a severe flood last year (led to)
= _
2.The government had good policies so our economy has developed (thanks to)
=
3.The station is too far for them to reach within 10 minutes (so that)
=
4.There was a serious accident because the driver failed to stop at the red light.(owing to) =The serious accident
5.We took a map with us because we might get lost in the mountains (in case)
= _
6.It was such a cold day that we couldn't get out of the house (enough)
= _
7.We couldn't manage to come to the party because the streets were too slippery (due to)
9.Many people are eagerly waiting for the movie New Moon since its ending is unpredictable
=Because of
10.Because there are many violent programs on TV, children behave worse (on account of)
= _
11.Because he had been fired, he drank lots of wine and caused an accident on the way home (Having)=
12.Since cancer hasn't been cured, it is still considered the deadliest disease (Not having)
= _
13.As June is usually the hottest month of the year, it is the time when people buy the most
air-conditioners (Being)=
II.Choose the best answer
1.Many species of wildlife are becoming extinct the rainforests are being destroyed
A.therefore B.since C.so D.consequently
2 logging provides jobs and profits, the government is reluctant to control it
A.So B.Consequently C.Due to D.Since
3.Hemp can be used to make paper, it could reduce the need for logging
A.therefore B.so C.due to D.because
4.Hemp was grown throughout history its versatility; it can be used to make many different things
A.due to B.because C.since D.as a result
5.Hemp is related to the marijuana plant; , it is illegal in many countries
A.so B.because C.due to D.as a result
6.Hemp cannot be used to produce marijuana, its low THC content
A.because B.as C.because of D.consequently
7.Marijuana is less toxic than alcohol or tobacco ., some people believe it should be legalized A.So B.Therefore C.Due to D.Because
8… Canada has legalized hemp farming, we can expect to see pulp and paper produced from hemp very soon
A.Therefore B.Due to C.So D.As
A severe flood last year led to the hunger in Asia.Our economy has developed thanks to the government's good policies.The station is so far that they can't reach it within 10 minutes.The serious accident happened owing to the driver's failure to stop at the red light.We took a map with us in case we got lost in the mountains.It wasn't warm enough for us to get out of the house.We couldn't manage to come to the party due to the slippery streets.Many people are eagerly waiting for the movie New Moon because of its unpredictable ending.Children behave worse on account of many violent programs on TV.Many people are eagerly waiting for the movie New Moon because of its unpredictable ending.Children behave worse on account of many violent programs on TV.Having been fired, he drank lots of wine and caused an accident
on the way home.Not having been cured, cancer is still considered the deadliest disease.Being usually the hottest month of the year, June is the time when people buy the most air-conditioners.B.D.B.A.D.C.B.D
Translate English-Viet :US Company Is Putting Microchips in Its Employees
Technology offers conveniences such as opening the garage door from your car or changing the television station without touching the TV Now one American company is offering its employees a new convenience: a microchip implanted in their hands Employees who have these chips can do all kinds of things just by waving their hands Three Square Market is offering to implant microchips in all
of their employees for free
Trang 2Each chip costs $300 and Three Square Market will pay for the chip Employees can volunteer to have the chips implanted in their hands About 50 out of 80 employees have chosen to do so The president of the company, his wife and their children are also getting chips implanted in their hands The chip is about the size of a grain of rice Implanting the chip only takes about a second and is said
to hurt only very briefly The chips go under the skin between the thumb and forefinger
Những Lưu Ý về Cấu Trúc Song Song
1 - Sử dụng cấu trúc song song với các liên từ đẳng lập
Ta dùng các liên từ đẳng lập để nối các thành phần có cùng chức năng ngữ pháp:
A + and/ but/ or + B A, B + and/ but/ or + C
(A, B, C phải tương đương về mặt ngữ pháp, ví dụ: cùng là danh từ/ động từ/ tính từ/ mệnh đề, )
E.g She is not a teacher but a lawyer (Cô ấy không phải là giáo viên mà là luật sư.)
Class can be interesting or boring (Lớp học có thể thú vị hoặc tẻ nhạt.)
Chúng ta cùng xét câu hỏi tìm phần gạch chân chứa lỗi sai trong câu sau:
She got jobs as a writer, a housekeeper and in the restaurant
- Ta thấy câu này sai ở "in the restaurant" vì nó không song song với "a writer" và "a housekeeper"
- "in the restaurant" là một trạng ngữ trong khi "a writer", "a housekeeper" là các cụm danh từ
- Ta có thể sửa lại bằng một cụm danh từ chỉ nghề nghiệp như "a waitress"
2 - Sử dụng cấu trúc song song với các cặp từ nối
Một số cặp từ nối luôn đòi hỏi phải đi cùng cấu trúc song song Các em có thể ghi nhớ các cặp từ sau:
Both Neither Either Not only A and nor or but also B
(A và B phải cùng cấu trúc, ví dụ: cùng là danh từ/ động từ/ tính từ/ mệnh đề, )
E.g He wants to go either by train or by plane (Anh ấy muốn đi hoặc bằng tàu hoặc bằng máy bay.)
He wants either to go by train or to go by plane (Anh ấy muốn đi bằng tàu hoặc đi bằng máy bay.) Chúng ta cùng nhìn vào ví dụ được phân tích sau để hiểu hơn về phần cấu trúc này:
Tìm phần gạch chân có lỗi sai trong câu sau:
He could correct neither what they said nor they wrote
Câu này có cặp từ nối "neither nor" nên phải sử dụng cấu trúc song song
Vì vậy phần "they wrote" sai vì không song song với "what they said" Sửa lại là "what they wrote"
3 - Sử dụng cấu trúc song song với các dạng so sánh
Khi sử dụng cấu trúc so sánh ta đang chỉ ra sự giống nhau hoặc khác nhau giữa hai đối tượng Nên sự giống nhau, khác nhau này phải được sử dụng trong cấu trúc song song ghi nhớ công thức sau:
A more than -er than less than as as the same as similar to B E.g Their car is as big as a small house ( N - N)
The work that I did is similar to the work that you did (clause - clause) Sửa câu sau:
What you do today should be the same as did yesterday
Trong câu này ta thấy cấu trúc so sánh "the same as" nên cần dùng cấu trúc song song Vậy sai ở "did" vì chưa song song với "what you do" Sửa lại là "what you did"