Ngu phap on thi TOEIC

Cách dùng Diễn tả hành động xảy ra tại một thời điểm xác định trong quá khứ.. Ex: He was reading book at 8p.m yesterday...[r]

CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG

I CẤU TRÚC BỊ ĐỘNG

hiện tại đơn is/am/are + V3/EDquá khứ đơn was/were + V3/EDhiện tại tiếp diễn is/am/are + being + V3/edquá khứ tiếp diễn was/were + being + V3/ed hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + been + V3/edquá khứ hoàn thành had + been + V3/edcan/could/will/would/must can/could/will/would/must + be + V3/edhave to/used to/be going to have to/used to/be going to + be + V3/ed

EX: Tim buy the book

The book is bought by Tim

II Một số dạng câu bị động đặc biệt

1 Những cấu trúc bị động không được sử dụng với giới từ “by”

Ex: Weve are supposed to hold one 45 minutes meeting once a month.

Ex: They were preoccupied with the provisions in contract

Her eyes is suddenly filled with tears

The sails were filled with the wind

2 Động từ have

S + have + O ( người) + V1 + O (vật)

S + have + O (vật) + V3 + BY O (người)

She has Tom (wash) her car

She has her car (wash) by Tom

3 Động từ cảm giác (perceptual verbs): see, watch, hear, observe,…

S + V + O + V1/Ving

S + be + p.p + to V1 + by O

Ving

My mother saw the children swimming on the water

The children were seen swimming in the lake

They saw the thief steal my purse

The thief was seen to steal my purse

PHÂN BIỆT CHỦ ĐỘNG VÀ BỊ ĐỘNG

1 The children from High School will be…… candy for their annual trip

to Paris

4 She ……….by him because she didn’t work effectively.

a would not be asked

b would be not asked

c have not been accepted

d have not accepted

16.Attendance records must… to the director by next Thursday

a be submit

b submitted

c be submitted

19 A survey of mobile phone use… …the company.

a was conducted with

27.To apply for the position, all the requested information should be ………

to the address below

29.Due to the rivising cost of materials, Hirosue Manufacturing will

be………….on ak of its products

ĐẠI TỪ PHẢN THÂN

mineourstheirsyourshishersits

meusthemyouhimherit

myselfourselvesthemselvesyourself/yourselveshimself

herselfitselfLàm chủ ngữ

ĐTSH = TTSH + N

Ex: My hair is longer than hers (=her hair)

Túc từ: Làm tân ngữ

Ex: Do you often contact him?

Đại từ phản thân:

1 S + V + oneself

Ex: She carries out herself this job

2 S + oneself + V : dùng để nhấn mạnh

Ex: She herself carries out this job

3 By oneself = alone = on one’s own : một mình

She carries out this job by herself

1 I go for a walk by………

4 Joe Jefferson, the purchasing manager, will contact each supplier…………to negotiate shipping prices.

d him

9 Because many of the warehouse workers were out sick today, Mr.Miller had

to stock the goods on the shelves………

12 At this year’s orientation session, the general manager……… took the time

to personally welcome all new recruits in her usual, affable manner

MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ

1 WHO: đại từ quan hệ chỉ người, đứng sau danh từ chỉ người, chức năng làm

chủ ngữ

Ex: He was a scientist He received The Nobel Rize

He who received The Nobel Rize was a scientist.

2 WHOM: đại từ quan hệ chỉ người, đứng sau danh từ chỉ người, chức năng làm

tân ngữ

Ex: He was a my friend I met him a year ago

He whom I met a year ago was a my friend.

3 WHICH: đại từ quan hệ chỉ vật, đứng sau danh từ chỉ vật, chức năng làm chủ ngữ

hoặc tân ngữ

Ex: The book is interesting She bought it yesterday

The book which she bought yesterday is interesting.

He often helps everyone, which makes him become friendly.

………

………

4 THAT: thay cho Who/Whom/Which.

Dùng That: - Trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (the, this, these, those, his, her…

- Luôn dùng “ that” sau: all, everything, something, anything, little, much, none và so sánh nhất

KHÔNG DÙNG THAT: sau dấu phẩy “,”

5 WHOSE: đại từ quan hệ chỉ sở hữu, thay thế cho tính từ sở hữu trước danh từ,

đứng sau danh từ chủ sở hữu

Ex: I will introduce you to the man His knowledge is necessary for your project

I will introduce you to the man whose knowledge is necessary for your project.

6 WHEN: đứng sau danh từ chỉ thời gian.

Ex: Thurdays is the day when she meet her father.

at/on/in which, then when

7 Where: đứng sau danh từ chỉ nơi chốn.

Ex: Paris is the place where I want to come.

at/in/to which, there where

8 WHY: đứng sau “the reason” chỉ lí do.

That is the reason why she tries to work hard.

II GIỚI TỪ TRONG MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ

The teacher whom we studies with a month is Mr Rock

………

WHOM Giới từ +

1 The man who is playing tennis with her is a actress.

The man playing tennis with her is a actress.

2 The customers who complainted about service should see the manager

………

B DẠNG BỊ ĐỘNG: V3/ed

1 The automatic system which is created by Mr Sidney is good pratice.

The automatic system created by Mr Sidney is good pratice.

2 She who was interviewed a days ago was entirely suitable

………

EXERCISES

1 The house (paint) in white is where he lives

2 Tom lives in a building (have) twenty storeys.

3 He (invite) to her birthday is teacher

4 My friend,Jack,(that, who, whose) parents live in Glasgow, invited me to

spend Christmas in Scotland

5 This is the gun with (that, whom, which) the murder was committed.

6 The meal,(that, which, whose) wasn’t very tasty, was expensive.

7 She gives her children everything (that, what, who) they want.

8 Tell me (what, that, which) you want and I’ll have you.

9 He teaches me (how/where/what/when) to play the guitar

10. (What/Which/Who/That) he have to do before receives this job.

11. He ask her (what,when,which,that) he should do it.

12. The reason (why, that, what) I phoned him was to invite him to party

13. I don’t like people (who, whom, whose) never stops talking.

14 I don’t believe the story (that, who, whom) she told us.

15 I live in Vietnam (in which/whom/that) I was born.

16 The mother teach me (how/what/where) to cook the food.

17 ………he ask for information, we will be happy to help you with all our heart

19 Roaming service makes it possible to use your mobile phone…… you go

in France, America, China

25 A Grandeur spokesperson also stated that ample parking space is available,

………an underground facility

29 Any person………to donate money to non-profit organizations is supposed

to complete a document afterward

S + Linking Verbs + as + ADJ + as + S2

Ex: This printer is as effective as that one

That bedroom is twice as heavy as the one.

2 Trạng từ

S1 + V + as + adv + as + S2

Ex: Fill out this form as quickly as possible

2 Danh từ

S1 + as + many/few + noun + as much/little

Ex: He has as many books as she does

II So sánh không bằng

tính từ

S1 + Linking Verbs + not + as + adj

+ as + S2

Ex: This inflation rate this year is not as

high as last year

trạng từS1 + V + not + as + adv + as +S2

II So sánh hơn

1 Tính từ và trạng từ:

S1 + V + ADJ/ADV (ngắn) + ER + THAN + S2

MORE + ADJ/ADV (dài) + THAN + S2

Nhấn mạnh: THÊM FAR/ MUCH

S1 + V + far/much + ADJ/ADV (ngắn) + ER + THAN + S2

far/much + more/less +ADJ/ADV (dài) + THAN + S2

Ex: My book is far thicker than yours

His car is far more expensive than mine

2 Danh từ:

S + V + more/fewer/less/ + noun + than

Ex: He has less money than she has.

S + V + THE most + adj/adv (dài) + S2

least + adj/adv (dài)Ex: He is the tallest in this class

Bảng so sánh tính từ, trạng từ bất quy tắc

bad worse worst

far (place + time) further furthest

old (people and things) older/elder oldest/eldest

1 She works as……….money as he do.

8 The Springborg Hotel chain’s attention to detail and business-friendly pricing

structure make our hotels……….to any others in the mid-priced hotel bracket

a better

b most

c superior

d advanced

9 One of the…………moments of my life was the moment that I saw the – face of

my new-born daughter for the first time

a great

b greatest

11 Customers who join the Tracey Department Store Membership Club can get as

much…… 20 percent off on all items in stock

a than

b as

c for

d with

12 Located near Kaitaia on the east coast of the North Island, 90 Mile Beach is one

of New Zealand’s……… tourist sites

a most attractive

b more attractive

c attractive

d more attractive than

13 Under a new law, accountants who produce false documents are subject

to……….penalties than they were a few years ago

a harsher

b harsh

c harshly

d harshest

14 Most employees find it………and more convenient to go to a printing shop

rather than use the photocopier on the third floor

a fast

b faster

c fastest

d fasten

15 Creativity and productivity can be increased if our employees are able to

spend…….time doing repetitive and routine task

20 According to recent reports, the economic situation is not… serious as most

Ex: He not only refused to help me but he also laughed at me.

Not only did he refuse to help………

Ex: You should not travel alone under any circumstances

Under no circumstances should you travel alone

Only twice in the last thirty years……….the company seen such low sales figures

Al: substantial, initial, local

Ful: successful, useful

Tive: effective, competitive, imperative, attractive, successive, consecutive, Ent: current, apparent, confident, urgent

Ous: dangerous, generous, humorous

BLE: responsible, flexible

Less: careless, harmless

Ly: frinedly, lovely, costly,

Y: rainy, muddy

Ic: economic, specific

Tory: mandatory

Ed: interested, surprised, bored

Ing`: interesting, surprising, boring

Ex: I am interested in this book

This book is interesting

That is book interesting

Everybody was (surprised/surprising) at his successful report.

He is a very (interested/interesting) person.

She studies very fastly She has made (astonishing/astonished) progress.

It was a really (terrifying/terrified) experience.

late (a/adv): trể

lately (a/adv): gần đây

hard (a/adv): chăm chỉ

hardly (a/adv): hầu như không

III Vị trí của trạng từ và tính từ

Tính từ Trạng từ

- Đứng trước danh từ

Ex: The girl have long hair.

- Đứng sau động từ to be, stay,

remain, become, seem, feel,

look, keep, make…

Ex: She is a considerate person

She becomes confused when meeting

me

- Đứng trước tính từ Ex: She finishes quickly difficult job.

- Đứng trước trạng từ

Ex: Mary has fulfilled the work

completely well.

- Đứng sau động từ thường Ex: He speaks English fluently.

- Nhấn mạnh: trạng từ đứng trước V thường.

Ex: He always deal with the mail first.

- Đứng đầu câu

Ex: Unfortunately, the tickets are sold out

- Be/have + adv + V2/ed/ing

Ex: This contract is successfully signed

1 The Department of Industrial Relations no longer believes that………

reiews of employee pay and conditions are necessary

6 Applicants are advised to fill out an application form concisely to impress

potential emloyees, without being too…….or boring

a repeat

b repeating

c repetitive

d repitition

7 The members of the tour group were……….to gather together at the front

entrance of the museum

9 The Oblack Chamber Orchestra from Belaras will be………… next

week at the Lilac Theater for one night only

a performed

b performingly

c performing

d performance

10 Payment should be…………to the accounting department at Shole Human

Resources-Consulting by September 22 at the latest

a remitted

b remitting

c remit

d remittion

11 The members of the tour group were……….to gather together at the front

entrance of the museum

a instructing

b instructed

c instruction

d instruct

12 An investigation conducted by a private group indicated that there is

an…………demand for qualified employees in inner-city business

a increase

b increasing

c increased

d increasingly

13 The Federal Reserve Bank managed to keep inflation…………throughout

the period that economy was in recession

a low

b lowly

c lower

d lowing

14 It remains………….that a merger will increase profitability in the

medium term because of the hight cost redundancy packages

16 Despite being a newcomer to the field of ship building, Upgrade

Engineering has achieved………… results in its first year

a enviable

b enviably

c enviability

d Enviablen

17 The weekend program of special activities for handicapped children was a

great success thanhks to those who generously………their time

a volunteered

b volunteering

c voluntary

d voluntarily

18 Although he did not perform…………well as a student, he went on to

become one of the most respected scholars in his field

20 Earthquake damage has caused some of the communications network to

shut down…………until essential repairs are carried out

24 He describes the harmful effects of mercury, a chemical

substance……….know for its use in toy manufacturing

a primary

b primarily

c primal

d primacy

25 Reorganizing the entire department to create an additional work shift

proved not to be as………as some had though

27 According to the staff rule, the cooking are needs to be cleaned…… every

night before the restaurant closes

a thorough

b thoroughing

c thoroughed

d thoroughly

28 Even though the finance executive didn’t personally authorize the illegal

purchase, he is………… responsible for the actions of everyone on his crew

a indirect

b indirectly

c indirection

d indirected

29 Should anyone enter your home without your permission while you are at

work, your homesure security system will……….send you email and cell phonealerts

32 You will be routinely asked to undergo a medical exam before beginning

new employment that is known to be………stressful

a extreme

b extremely

c extremity

d extremes

33 HRF.Medical supplies is pround to have been chosen for the contract and it

looks forward to a………beneficial business relationship with Gilrest Hospital

(ask, require, request, suggest, recommend, decrease, insist, move,

propurse, urge, stipulate)

B DÙNG VỚI TÍNH TỪ

It + (be) + (that) + S2 + (not) + V1

(essential, vital, necessary, important, mandartory,

1 It's essential he his term paper by the and of next week

GIỚI TỪ

1 at

- at 9 a m, at night, at present, at once, at night,……

- at home/ at the station/at price/ at the the end/………

2 on

- on Monday/ on March 25th/ on New Year’s Eve

- on TV/ on the second floor/ on N.DU street/ on the market/ on the Internet

3 in

- in 2013

- in March

- in spring

- in the morning

- in the office/ in Paris

EX: He will present at precisely 10 p.m, on October 21th

4 for: for 5 years/ fỏ a month/

5 during + thời điểm, thời kì ( vacation/ the meeting/the performance…)

6 by + time

Ex: He must submit the applications by Tuesday

7 into: vào trong

12 behind: phía sau

13 beyond: phía trước

14 between… and: ở giữa ( so sánh hai đối tượng)

15 among: trong số (so sánh hơn hai đối tượng)

16 beside: bên cạnh

17 besides: ngoài ra

18 from: từ

19 throughout: + time: xuyên suốt Ex: throughout a year

+ place: khắp nơi Ex: throughout country