Or it can mean something stronger:I suppose you’ve come to collect the money = ‘I assume that you’ve come to collect the money’ I suppose is not used in other tenses very often.. Languag
Trang 1Or it can mean something stronger:
I suppose you’ve come to collect the money
= ‘I assume that you’ve come to collect the money’
I suppose is not used in other tenses very often.
Exercise 8
Decide between the verbs in brackets to complete each sentence
1 I (suppose/wonder) where James is
2 We were (supposing/wondering) where to go for coffee
3 I (suppose/wonder) you’re going to the pub, are you?
4 I (suppose/wonder) whose book this is
5 I (suppose/wonder) Andy may have left already
6 Kath was (supposing/wondering) what to do tomorrow
7 I (suppose/wonder) if Gerry could come along as well
8 I (suppose/wonder) Gerry could come along as well
Dialogue 4
Abigail is reading a dramatic news item from the local paper to Gary.
ABIGAIL: Listen to this, Gary:
‘Two men were arrested last night after a car was stolen
in the town centre Police said that the car, a blue Audi, was driven through the town at high speed, but was stopped by a roadblock just outside the supermarket The two men have been named as Bert Shift and Ernie Dodge They will be charged tomorrow with theft and dangerous driving, and are expected to appear in court
on Monday Their families have been informed, and a press conference will be held at ten o’clock tomorrow
Language point 90 – passive
The PASSIVEis not used much in colloquial English, but you will hear
it quite often on the TV and radio news, and see it in newspapers
and books
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Trang 2Look at these two sentences:
ACTIVE The dog bit the postman
PASSIVE The postman was bitten by the dog
They mean the same thing The OBJECTof the ACTIVEsentence (the postman) becomes the SUBJECTof the PASSIVEsentence, and the verb
is changed We use by to show who or what did the action in a
passive sentence
The passive is formed of two parts:
be + PAST PARTICIPLE
So, if you can use be in all tenses, and you’re happy with the past
participle (go back and look at Language point 53 again if you’re not), then you can easily use the passive Here are some examples: PRESENT SIMPLE Dinner is served at eight o’clock
PRESENT CONTINUOUS The game is being played under floodlights
FUTURE A prize will be awarded
PAST SIMPLE This book was written in 1948
PAST CONTINUOUS Ice creams were being sold on the seafront
PRESENT PERFECT Your car has been stolen
PAST PERFECT The money had been hidden in the garden
To make passive statements into questions, we simply put the first verb at the start of the sentence, and leave everything else
un-changed:
Was this book written in 1948?
Has your car been stolen?
Were ice creams being sold on the seafront?
Is dinner served at eight o’clock?
And negatives simply add not/n’t to the first verb:
is served isn’t served
is being played isn’t being played
had been hidden hadn’t been hidden
will be awarded won’t be awarded
(remember will not→won’t)
Trang 3You won’t need to use the passive much when speaking in normal
situations, but it’s important to know about it and recognise it when you come across it
Exercise 9
Rewrite these active sentences as passives The first one is done for you
1 The cat chases the mouse
The mouse is chased by the cat.
2 The employers pay the workers _
3 Does Sarah feed the chickens? _ ?
4 The postman delivered the
5 James has broken this chair _
6 The organisers will cancel the
7 Su made the tea _
8 Rich people drive big cars _
9 Henry’d do the gardening _
10 Authors write books _
Exercise 10
Complete these sentences using the future or past passive – the first one has been done for you
1 Send the letters They’ll be sent tomorrow.
2 Pay the hotel bill yesterday
3 Book the holiday last week
4 Do the shopping tomorrow
5 Take the rubbish out yesterday
6 Throw the old papers out yesterday
7 Recycle the milk bottles yesterday
8 Buy the Christmas tree tomorrow
9 Fill the car up tomorrow
10 Eat the food! yesterday
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Trang 4Exercise 11
See if you can find all the passives in the newspaper articles below The first is from a tabloid and the second is from a broadsheet Which one has more?
© Guardian
Trang 5Life and living – reading
With this unit we’ve come to the end of the book – and you’ll want
to build on what you’ve learnt and practised One good way to inde-pendently and effectively improve your English (and especially to
expand your vocabulary) is to read – and there’s plenty to read
wherever you look
If you go to a newsagent’s (like the one Damian went to in Unit 6) you’ll find a wide range of newspapers (or papers, as we often
call them) Daily papers come in two formats: some, such as The
Times, the Guardian and the Daily Telegraph, are broadsheets –
large-format papers with quite serious style and content, and with very wide and deep coverage of both home news and international
news If you want to read everything in a broadsheet, you’ll need quite a bit of time Other papers, such as the Mirror, the Daily Mail and the Express, are tabloids – smaller-format papers with less
serious, more popular style and language, and covering news in rather less depth They have more pictures as well, and they sell more than the broadsheets These days one or two of the broad-sheets are also available as tabloids – same content, but smaller pages and more of them You can also buy Sunday papers, such as
the Observer, The Sunday Times, the Independent on Sunday and the Sunday Telegraph They are bigger than the dailies, and they
come in several sections, for example Review, Travel, Finance, Food and Sport If you’re a busy person with lots to do apart from reading, a Sunday paper can last you most of the week!
Or why not visit a bookshop and buy a book to read? Every large
town has a fair-sized bookshop, with thousands of titles arranged by category or genre Fiction is always a very large section, and it’s a
good place for learners of English to start You’ll find the fiction books grouped under different types, for example modern fiction (general modern novels), historical fiction (stories set in the past), science fiction (stories set in the future) and horror (ghosts, blood and axe-murderers) – pick something you like the look of and get reading!
Glossary
expand – widen
vocabulary – the words of a language
newsagent’s – shop that sells newspapers
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Trang 6range – choice, selection
daily – appearing every day
style – general appearance and effect
content – what something contains; the articles and reports that are in a
paper
coverage – treatment of the news
section – part
apart from – except; in addition to
last – be enough (for someone for a period of time)
fair-sized – medium to large
category – type
genre – type of writing
fiction – writing that isn’t true; stories that have been invented by the
writer
Trang 7Key to exercises
Unit 1
Exercise 1
2 I’m 3 Sue’s 4 Terry’s 5 They’re 6 Chris is 7 We’re 8 Stuart’s
9 My brother’s 10 CD’s
Exercise 2
2 isn’t he? 3 isn’t she? 4 aren’t they? 5 isn’t she? 6 isn’t it? 7 aren’t we?
8 isn’t it? 9 aren’t you? 10 isn’t she?
Exercise 3
2 Is Dave off work today? 3 Is it cold outside? 4 Are we in the right place? 5 Is everyone ready? 6 Are you tired? 7 Are they in the garden?
8 Are Morgan and Eddie here? 9 Is Oliver outside? 10 Is Jenny inside?
Exercise 4
2 her 3 him 4 them 5 her 6 them
Exercise 5
1 me your 2 you his 3 I their 4 you her 5 my you 6 I me
Exercise 6
1 a 2 a 3 a 4 a 5 an 6 a 7 an 8 an 9 a 10 an
Exercise 7
2 Gerry 3 doctor 4 teacher 5 scientist 6 Nigel 7 Brian 8 Allison
9 policeman 10 journalist
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Trang 8Exercise 8
1 the 2 the 3 the the 4 a the 5 a the 6 a 7 the 8 a 9 the 10 the a
Unit 2
Exercise 1
2 We aren’t We’re not 3 I’m not (only one possible) 4 They aren’t They’re not 5 You aren’t You’re not 6 Suzie isn’t Suzie’s not 7 It isn’t It’s not 8 She isn’t She’s not
Exercise 2
2 Do you drink tea? 3 Does that bus go to the station? 4 Does she speak Spanish? 5 Do Pete and Sally speak Italian? 6 Where do you teach?
7 Where does this bus go? 8 Does Su live nearby? 9 When do Mick and Sandra leave? 10 When does the post arrive?
Exercise 3
2 Oliver doesn’t drink coffee 3 James doesn’t speak Russian 4 Jenny plays the piano 5 Stephen doesn’t play the piano 6 Jenny doesn’t wear glasses
7 James drinks coffee 8 Oliver wears glasses
Exercise 4
1 who 2 what 3 where 4 when 5 why 6 which 7 where 8 whose 9 what
10 what
Exercise 5
2 a person 3 a place 4 a time 5 a reason 6 an owner 7 a choice
8 a way/method
Exercise 6
1 correct 2 yours 3 hers 4 yours mine 5 my 6 mine
Exercise 7
2 that kind mother of his 3 some close friends of ours 4 a great idea of mine 5 those friends of hers 6 this stupid idea of theirs
Exercise 8
Henry: mineral water, cake; Dave: cup of tea; Su: mineral water, salad roll; Kath: cheese roll, cappuccino
Trang 9Unit 3
Exercise 1
2 h 3 f 4 g 5 b 6 a 7 d 8 i 9 c 10 e
Exercise 2
1 Don’t make noise here! 2 Please wait here a minute 3 Don’t be rude to customers! 4 correct 5 Please don’t throw litter 6 Open the door, could
you? 7 Could you close the door, please? 8 Don’t wait for me
Exercise 3
2 of 3 ’s 4 of 5 of 6 ’s 7 of 8 of 9 ’s 10 ’s
Exercise 4
1 removing 2 writing 3 reading 4 hurrying 5 fitting 6 opening 7 flying
8 chasing 9 paying 10 asking
Exercise 5
1 ’m eating 2 reads 3 grow 4 goes 5 ’s reading 6 speaks
Exercise 6
2 Are they waiting for us? 3 Is Dave studying Law? 4 Are the children
having breakfast? 5 Are Jack and Jill washing the car? 6 Is the weather
improving? 7 Is this music disturbing them? 8 Am I driving too fast?
Exercise 7
2 I don’t understand you 3 Is she asking a question? 4 Do these shoes
belong to Suzie? 5 Do you understand me? 6 I’m not reading the paper
7 Gerry’s reading the paper 8 We’re listening
Unit 4
Exercise 1
1 c 2 uc 3 c 4 c 5 uc 6 c 7 uc 8 c 9 uc 10 c 11 uc 12 c 13 c 14 c 15 uc 16 c
17 c 18 c 19 c 20 c
Exercise 2
1 some 2 some 3 a 4 some 5 a 6 some 7 a 8 a 9 a 10 some 11 some 12 a
13 a 14 some 15 an 16 a 17 some 18 some 19 some 20 a
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Trang 10Exercise 3
1 did 2 do 3 do 4 did 5 do 6 did 7 did 8 do
Exercise 4
2 does 3 don’t 4 didn’t 5 don’t 6 did 7 doesn’t 8 do
Exercise 5
3 He’s got time 4 I’ve got enough time 5 They haven’t got enough money
6 Su hasn’t got a car 7 Have we got the tickets? 8 Fiona’s got them
Exercise 6
1 x 2 p 3 p 4 x 5 p 6 x 7 x 8 x 9 x 10 p
Exercise 7
2 I don’t think my watch is working properly 3 I don’t think the children are hungry 4 I don’t think that’s important 5 I don’t think this coffee’s very nice 6 I don’t think we’re on the right bus 7 I don’t think this bus goes to the airport 8 I don’t think you understand 9 I don’t think Henry reads books 10 I don’t think the students are listening
Exercise 8
1 can I have another one? 2 try the others 3 like another cup 4 another glass 5 prefer the other one 6 correct 7 correct 8 try the other ones
9 The other CD 10 The other car
Unit 5
Exercise 1
2 watch 3 buy 4 taking 5 catch 6 meeting 7 playing 8 phone 9 stay 10 going
Exercise 2
2 about good 3 how about no let’s 4 why we OK/all right 5 I then 6 shall not 7 how about rather 8 don’t we idea 9 how want 10 shall we all right
Exercise 3
2 Shall we go swimming? 3 Let’s organise a party 4 Why don’t we practise our English? 5 Shall we wash the car? 6 Why don’t we call in on Sam and Fred? 7 How about writing some postcards home? 8 Shall we cook an Indian meal? 9 Let’s invite James and Fiona to tea 10 Why don’t we help with the washing-up?