13 các cấp SO SÁNH

Lưu ý: những tính từ / trạng từ 2 âm tiết tận cùng là đuôi -y chỉ được coi là tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn khi bản thân nó có đuôi -y.. Ví dụ: lovely đáng yêu là tính từ dài vì nó được cấu tạo

13 CÁC CẤP SO SÁNH Các loại so

sánh

So sánh bằng

(as as)

Thể khẳng định:

S1 + V + as + adj/adv + as + S2 + V

She is as beautiful as her mother.

She learns as well as her sister does.

Thể phủ định:

S1 + V(phủ định) + as/so + adj/adv + as + S2 + V

This exercise is not as/ so difficult as I think (it is).

He doesn’t study as/so hard

as I do/me.

Với danh từ đếm được:

S1 + V + as many/few + N(số nhiều) + as + S2 + V

We have as few problems to solve as yesterday.

Với danh từ không đếm được:

SI + V + as much/ little + N(không đếm được) +

as + S2+ V

I don’t have as much money

as you do.

So sánh gấp nhiều lần:

S + V + multiple numbers + as + much/ many/

adj + (N) + as + N/ pronoun

* Multiple numbers là những số như half/ twice/

3,4,5 times; Phân số; Phần trăm

In many countries in the world with the same job, women only get 40 - 50% as much as salary as men.

So sánh hơn

(adj-er/

more than)

Thế nào là tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn?

Tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn là những tính từ/ trạng từ có 1 âm tiết như: big (to), small

(nhỏ), hot (nóng), cold (lạnh), thin (gầy), fat (béo), và có 2 âm tiết tận cùng là 1 trong 5 đuôi sau:

- y: happy (hạnh phúc), easy (dễ dàng), early (sớm), heavy (nặng), lazy (lười biếng)

- er: clever (thông minh, lanh lợi)

- le: single (độc thân), simple (đơn giản)

- ow: narrow (hẹp)

- et: quiet (yên tĩnh)

Lưu ý: những tính từ / trạng từ 2 âm tiết tận cùng là đuôi -y chỉ được coi là tính từ/ trạng từ ngắn khi bản thân nó có đuôi -y.

Ví dụ:

lovely (đáng yêu) là tính từ dài vì nó được cấu tạo bởi (love + ly => lovely)

quickly (nhanh) là trạng từ dài vì nó được cấu tạo bởi (quick + ly => quickly)

Th

ế nào là tính từ/ trạng từ dài?

Tính từ/ trạng từ dài là những tính từ/ trạng từ có từ 2 âm tiết trở lên nhưng không

phải 1 trong 5 đuôi kể trên, như: beautiful (xinh đẹp), handsome (đẹp trai), intelligent (thông minh), hard-working (chăm chỉ)

so sánh hơn với tính từ và trạng từ ngắn:

S1 + V + adj/adv + er + than + S2 + V

She looks happier than (she did) yesterday.

so sánh hơn với tính từ và trạng từ dài:

S1 + V + more + adj/adv + than + S2 + V

She is more beautiful than her sister.

So sánh hơn với danh từ:

S1 + V + more + N + than + S2+ V

She has more money than me.

So sánh nhất

(the adj-

est/most +

adj)

Với tính từ và trạng từ ngắn:

S + V + the + adj/adv + est + (N) +

He is the tallest (student) in

my class.

Với tính từ và trạng từ dài:

S + V + the + most + adj/adv + (N) +…

My mother is the most beautiful (woman) in the world.

Với danh từ:

S + V + the + most + N +

He is a billionaire He has the most money.

Ngoại lệ

Tính từ/

trạng từ

hơn

Dạng so sánh nhất

So sánh lũy

tiến

(càng càng)

Với tính từ ngắn: Adj + er + and + adj + er The summer is coming It

gets hotter and hotter.

Với tính từ dài: more/less and more/less + adj She is more and more

attractive.

Với danh từ: more and more + N There are more and more

people moving to big cities

to look for jobs.

So sánh đồng

tiến (càng

thì càng)

The + (so sánh hơn) adj/ adv+S + V, the (so sánh hơn) adj/adv + S + V

The more difficult the exercise is, the more interesting it is.

BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG 16

1 The more ideas you have, _ you will develop

A the projects more B the more projects C projects more D.

more projects

2 _ Elton John became, the more difficult it was for him to avoid reporters

A The most famous B The more famous C The more famously D.

More famous

3 _ are becoming fed up with the corruption in government

people

C More and less people D More and more people

4 In many countries in the world with the same job, women only get _ as men

A 40%-50% many salary B 40%-50% as much salary

C 40%-50% as many salary D 40%-50% much salary

5 The more carefully you plan, _ the result will be

A better B the more well C better and better D.

the better

6 The more flowers you grow, _ your garden will be

A more pretty B the more pretty C the prettier D prettier

7 It’s becoming _ to find a job

harder

8 Many teenagers like facebooking _ doing sport

A more than B much as C least than D so much

as

9 The more forests we cut down, _ the Earth becomes

A the hotter B the hottest C the most hotly D.

the hoter

10 The harder you work, _ you will obtain results

A the more rapidly B more rapidly than C the more rapid D.

the most rapidly

11 It gets _ when the winter is coming

12 The cuisine of France is _

A more famous than that of England B famous than the cuisine of

England

C more famous than which of England D as famous than that of

England

13 The more money he makes, _ things he buys

14 She doesn't really like vodka, so the _ a bottle you find, the _ it will be for us!

A smaller /cheap B smaller / cheaper C small / cheaper D.

smaller / good

15 His computer can download files _ their computer does

A as faster as B as fastly as C as much fast as D as

fast as

16 The larger the apartment is, the _ its price is

highly

17 He becomes _ interested in politics

A less B fewer and fewer C less and less D as few as

18 The ‘Silver Arrow’ will be _ in the world when it is built

A train faster than B the train fastest C the fastest train D.

faster train than

19 Her motor is _ mine

A as big as twice B as two time big as C twice as big as D as

twice big as

20 The more educated women are, _ they marry

A later B the more late C the later D the more

later

21 This yoghurt _ the one I bought yesterday

A does not taste as better as B does not taste as good as

C does not taste better as D does not taste good as

22 In the UK, the streets are _ than in the USA

A more narrow generally B generally more narrow

C narrower generally D generally narrower

23 The team _ it was five years ago

A is still as best as B is still as good as C is as still best as D is

as still good as

24 The older he gets, _ friends he has

25 The more active you are, _ you will have

A less cardiovascular problems B the less cardiovascular

problems

C more cardiovascular problems D the fewer cardiovascular

problems

26 She plays the piano _ as her sister does

A as beautifully B more beautifully C as beautiful D the most

beautifully

27 The streets are getting more and _ these days

most crowded

28 She has _ than most people

C as many problems D more problems

29 You must explain your problems _

A as clear as you can B as clearly as you can

C as clear than you are D as clearly as you are

30 The bicycle costs _ the other one

A three times as much as B third as much as

31 The richer you are, _

A you may become more worried B you more worried may

become

C the more worried you may become D the more worry you may

become

32 Is the North Sea _ than the Mediterranean Sea?

33 Of the three courses I did, this one is _ interesting

A the hardest and more B harder but more

C the harder but more D the hardest but most

34 December is _ month of the year in my country

A coldest than B the coldest C the colder D colder

than

35 The more I concentrate, _ my answers are

A the more accurate B the most accurate C more accurate D.

the accurater

36 Of the two films we watched yesterday Titanic is _

A the more interesting B the most interesting

37 His house is a bit _ than a hotel

C the most comfortable D comfortabler

38 Who is _ person in your country?

A powerfuler B most power C the most powerful D.

more powerful than

39 The more the sales assistant explains, _ I understand

40 _ you begin to learn a language, the easier it is

Youngest

41 _, the more serious the problems become

A The more raining it is B The more it rains

C The less raining it is D The less it rains

42 There are _ choosing English as a major

A more and more B more students and more

students

C more and more students D few and few students

43 He spoke for over an hour and his explanation got _

A more and more complicated B complicated and

complicated

C more complicated and more D more complicated

44 _ candidates there were, the more difficult the exam was

45 _ you walk, _ you will be

A Further / most exhausted B The farther / more

exhausted

C The further / the most exhausted D The farther / the more

exhausted

46 A quick look would reveal that France has twice _ computers

A as many televisions as B more televisions than

C as many as televisions D many as televisions as

47 Tet holiday is _ Vietnamese traditional festival that he's ever attended

A the most interesting B more interesting

C so interesting as D the more interesting

48 _ you prepare for the exam, the _ you will be

A The earlier / more successfully B The more early / the more

successful

C The earliest / the most successful D The earlier / the more

successful

49 He had an accident last year Now, he drives _ than before

50 _ you consume, the more exercise you need to do to burn them