Tài liệu Industry’s First QoSEnhanced MPLS TE Solution docx

MPLS Is The Key Technology for IP Service Delivery IP+ATM Switch PNNI MPLS IP IP+ATM—MPLS Brings IP and ATM Together Network-Based VPNs with MPLS—A Foundation for Value Added Service Del

Industry’s First Enhanced MPLS TE

QoS-Solution

Azhar Sayeed

Manager, IOS Product Management,

Manager, IOS Product Management, asayeed@cisco.com

Contact Info: Kim Gibbons,

Contact Info: Kim Gibbons, kgibbons@cisco.com , 408-525-4909

Technology and Applications

QoS-enhanced MPLS Traffic Engineering

MPLS Is The Key Technology for

IP Service Delivery

IP+ATM Switch PNNI MPLS

IP

IP+ATM—MPLS Brings IP and ATM Together

Network-Based VPNs with MPLS—A Foundation

for Value Added Service Delivery

Network-Based VPNs with MPLS—A Foundation

for Value Added Service Delivery

• Flexible user and service grouping (biz-to-biz)

• Flexibility of IP and the QoS of ATM

• Enables application and content hosting inside each VPN

• Transport independent

• Low provisioning costs enable affordable managed services

• Flexible user and service grouping (biz-to-biz)

• Flexibility of IP and the QoS of ATM

• Enables application and content hosting inside each VPN

• Transport independent

• Low provisioning costs enable affordable managed services

• Eliminates IP “over” ATM overhead and complexity

• One network for Internet, business IP VPNs, and transport

• Eliminates IP “over” ATM overhead and complexity

• One network for Internet, business IP VPNs, and transport

ATM Services

ATM Services

IP Services

IP Services

Key Messages

solution for improving network resource

management

Assuring value-added services

Better availability with TE, scalable

VPN solution

with advanced, integrated MPLS and QoS solutions

What is MPLS Traffic Engineering?

order to balance the traffic load on

the various links, routers, and

switches in the network

parallel or alternate paths are

available

Why Traffic Engineering?

• Congestion in the network due to changing traffic patterns

Election news, online trading, major sports events

• Better utilization of available bandwidth

Route on the non-shortest path

• Route around failed links/nodes

Fast rerouting around failures, transparently to users

Like SONET APS (Automatic Protection Switching)

• Virtual IP leased line services

VoIP Toll-Bypass applications, point-to-point bandwidth guarantees

• Capacity planning

TE improves aggregate availability of the network

IP (Mostly) Uses Destination-Based Least-Cost Routing

Flows from R8 and R1 Merge at R2 and Become Indistinguishable

From R2, Traffic to R3, R4, R5 Use Upper Route

IP (Mostly) Uses Destination-Based Least-Cost Routing

Flows from R8 and R1 Merge at R2 and Become Indistinguishable

From R2, Traffic to R3, R4, R5 Use Upper Route

Alternate Path Under-Utilized

IP Routing and The Fish

MPLS TE Application

Similar to SONET’s automatic protection switching

Goal is to match SONET restoral times—50 ms

Locally patch around lost facilities

Locally re-route around failed links/nodes

Strategies

Alternate tunnel (1->1 mapping) or

tunnel within tunnel (n->1 mapping)

How is this done?

Locally re-route traffic onto backup paths when informed

by lower layers (SONET etc.)

The backup paths are pre-established—however,

bandwidth needn’t be double counted

Node and Link Protection

• Multiple hops can be by-passed R2 swaps the label which R4

expects before pushing the label for R6

• R2 locally patches traffic onto the link with R6

• Multiple hops can be by-passed R2 swaps the label which R4 expects before pushing the label for R6

• R2 locally patches traffic onto the link with R6

Cisco MPLS AutoBandwidth

• Automatically increases or decreases bandwidth reserved for an

MPLS TE tunnel based on measured traffic load

Tunnels are resized within a specified range based on actual traffic rates over time Both time interval and bandwidth range are configurable.

• Makes it easy to configure and monitor bandwidth for MPLS TE

Total bandwidth for all TE tunnels

on a path

Bandwidth reserved for

a TE tunnel using Cisco AutoBandwidth allocator

Bandwidth available to other tunnels

Tunnel resized to traffic rate Time

End-to-End Solution via Cisco IOS® Software

5 Mbps

1 Mbps HQ1

VPN HQ Back-up

VPN and Traffic Engineering Combined

to Provide End-to-End Services

VPN and Traffic Engineering Combined

to Provide End-to-End Services

MPLS VPN

MPLS TE

Industry Standard Differentiated Services

1 The original IP service

2 First efforts at IP QoS

3 Seeking simplicity and scale

PROVISIONING & MONITORING PROVISIONING & MONITORING

VPNs

Multimedia Video Conferencing Collaboration

Multimedia Video Conferencing Collaboration

Mission Critical

Mission Critical VoIP

Hybrid MPLS

DiffServ IntServ

Signaling Techniques (RSVP, DSCP, ATM (UNI/NNI))

Link Efficiency Mechanisms (Compression, Fragmentation)

Congestion Avoidance Techniques (WRED)

Congestion Management Techniques (PQ, WFQ, LLQ) Classification & Marking Techniques (DSCP, IP Precedence, NBAR, etc.)

Traffic Conditioners (Policing, Shaping)

The Cisco QoS Framework

Differentiated Services The IETF DiffServ Model

“Behavior Aggregates”… a.k.a Classes!

Virtual Leased Line!

• Cisco IOS 12.2 are fully compliant

with all the Core DiffServ RFCs

• Platforms:

• C36xx, C72xx, C75xx Now

• More Platforms in the Near Future

Cisco IOS DiffServ

MPLS Guaranteed Bandwidth Services

– Extending MPLS traffic engineering

• Advertise available bandwidth for best-effort traffic

• Also advertise available bandwidth for

high-priority traffic – DiffServ-aware TE

–Using QoS features to guarantee delivery of the

Guaranteed Bandwidth Services

Target Market Segments

bandwidth

Benefit: Greater utilization of relatively

costly/valuable bandwidth

ISPs – Internet Service Providers

ICPs – Integrated Communications Providers

Other carriers with costly bandwidth

bandwidth services

Benefits:

Premium classes of service revenue

Resiliency against failures fast rerouting

IXEs – Interexchange Carriers – offering MPLS VPNs

$

$

Virtual Leased Line (VLL)

bandwidth services built using:

Core: GB-TE

Edge:

Existing MPLS TE classification at the edge

Policing at the edge to ensure there is no theft of service

5 Mbps C1—>C3

C3 C1

C2

10 Mbps C2—>C3

Toll Bypass Trunking

PSTN Network

Toll Trunk

MPLS Network

GB Tunnel Class 5 legacy switches

Trunking Frame Relay Across an MPLS Cloud

Admission control over CIR via creation

of a GB-TE tunnel for sum of all CIRs

MPLS

DLCI=177 High Priority

DLCI=215

DLCI=251

DLCI=310 Low Priority

Frame Relay

Interface

Frame Relay Interface

Frame Relay Interface

Other parallel steps include Fast Reroute, Admission Control of Voice,

• Enabler for a whole range of MPLS applications

• DiffServ-aware TE is a key Core tool for “MPLS Guaranteed Bandwidth Services”

• DiffServ-aware TE allows some GB applications

• Follow-on developments for flexible Edge Behaviors and

advanced GB-TE capabilities will allow additional GB apps

Cisco Differentiation

with Guaranteed Bandwidth Services

Leverage the rich feature set Cisco IOS QoS

Cisco-unique AutoBandwidth feature

Build point-to-point bandwidth guaranteed services such as

Virtual IP leased lines Toll bypass trunks for Voice over IP

Cisco’s MPLS Contribution to IETF

in key IETF MPLS drafts

MPLS VPN Deployed

Cisco Ships MPLS (Tag Switching)

Cisco Ships MPLS TE

Cisco Ships MPLS TE

MPLS Croup Formally Chartered

by IETF

MPLS Croup Formally Chartered

by IETF

Cisco Advantage

release 11.1CT - July 1998

Key Messages

solution for improving network resource

management

Assuring value-added services

Better availability with TE, scalable

VPN solution

with advanced, integrated MPLS and QoS solutions

Appendix

MPLS Technology Overview —

Main Ideas

from the content of data (IP header)

swapping)—multiple routing paradigms

label swapping forwarding paradigm

Label, VPI/VCI, Lambda (wavelength)

Forwarding Equivalence Classes (FECs)

MPLS Technology Overview

1a Existing Routing Protocols (e.g OSPF, IS-IS) Establish Reachability to Destination Networks 1b Label Distribution Protocol (LDP)

Establishes Label to Destination

Network Mappings

4 Edge LSR at Egress Removes Label and

Delivers Packet

3 LSR Switches Packets Using Label Swapping

2 Ingress Edge LSR Receives Packet,

Performs Layer 3 Value-Added Services,

LSP

• Integration of diverse technologies

Defined PHBs

dedicated low delay queue

Comparable to Guaranteed B/W in IntServ

Comparable to Controlled Load in IntServ

EQUANT ANNOUNCES PRIORITY SERVICE FOR URGENT VOICE & DATA TRAFFIC:

Real Time Class

Optimized for toll quality Voice over IP and time-sensitive applications

Interactive Class

Designed to give quick response for business critical applications

• Standard Business Class

Suitable for day-to-day business applications, client server traffic and corporate web traffic

• General Class

Ideal for email, Internet http traffic and Notes replication

For further information see http://www.equant.com

(News from June 8, 2000)

Acronym Guide

• AF Assured Forwarding

• APS Automatic Protection Switching

• ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode

• DiffServ Differentiated Services

• EF Expedited Forwarding

• GB-TE Guaranteed Bandwidth Traffic Engineering

• IP Internet Protocol

• MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching

• PHB Per Hop Behavior

• PNNI Private Network to Network Interface

• PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network

• QoS Quality of Service

• SONET Synchronous Optical Network

• TE Traffic Engineering

• VoIP Voice over IP

• VPN Virtual Private Network