Tài liệu Master the Gre 2010 - Part 44 pdf

The passage is primarily concerned with A describing the geologic features of various regions of the Andean cordillera B discussing the factors affecting the climate of the Andean cordil

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VERBAL REASONING

30 Questions • 30 Minutes

NOTE: In this section, questions of different formats are interspersed, just as

they are on the computer-based GRE However, this practice session contains

more challenging questions than easy ones, whereas the actual computer-based

GRE adapts to your ability level

1 Proponents of urban development

oppose the popular notion that

social-psychological mechanisms leading to

criminal and other antisocial activity

are more likely to _ if _

such as anonymity and population

density are found

(A) emerge traits

(B) react factors

(C) disappear problems

(D) fail criminals

(E) function cities

2 ABRUPT:

(A) continual

(B) eventual

(C) gradual

(D) enduring

(E) lengthy

3 CORNUCOPIA:

(A) serenity

(B) darkness

(C) solitude

(D) sparseness

(E) modicum

4 AUSTERE:

(A) amiable

(B) forgiving

(C) easily accomplished

(D) simpleminded

(E) gratifying

5 TEACHER : INSTRUCTION ::

(A) lawyer : crime

(B) army : regiment

(C) doctor : disease

(D) student : learning

(E) guard : protection

6 The legends of any tribe serve to

explain, and even embody, its _; by examining a people’s most popular _, one can determine the things they most deeply cherish

(A) origins legends (B) religion pastimes (C) beliefs customs (D) history rituals (E) values stories

7 LACKLUSTER:

(A) exceptional (B) quick to respond (C) exceedingly bold (D) brilliant

(E) well spoken

8 COG : WATCH ::

(A) fish : school (B) screen : television (C) lawyer : jury (D) manager : bureaucracy (E) seasoning : recipe

9 QUELL : UPRISING ::

(A) bite : hunger (B) quench : thirst (C) strike : labor (D) incite : hostility (E) indulge : habit

10 IMPORTANT : PIVOTAL ::

(A) stern : draconian (B) copious : thorough (C) minimal : voluminous (D) salient : compulsory (E) impetuous : spontaneous

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Questions 11 and 12 are based on the following passage.

For absolute dating of archaeological artifacts, the radiocarbon method emerged during the latter half of the twentieth century as the most reliable and precise method The results of obsidian (volcanic glass) dating, a method based on the belief that newly exposed obsidian surfaces absorb moisture from the surrounding atmo-sphere at a constant rate, proved uneven It was initially thought that the thickness of the hydration layer would provide a means of calculating the time elapsed since the fresh surface was made But this method failed to account for the chemical vari-ability in the physical and chemical mechanism of obsidian hydration

Moreover, each geographic source pre-sented unique chemical character-istics, necessitating a trace element analysis for each such source

Yet despite its limitations, obsidian dating helped archaeologists identify the sources of many obsidian artifacts, and to identify in turn ancient exchange networks for the flow of goods Nor were ceramic studies and fluoride analysis supplanted entirely

by the radiocarbon method, which in use allows for field labeling and labo-ratory errors, as well as sample con-tamination In addition, in the 1970s, dendrochronological (tree-ring) studies

on the bristlecone pine showed that de-viation from radiocarbon values in-creases as one moves back in time Even-tually calibration curves were developed

to account for this phenomenon; but in the archeological literature we still find dual references to radiocarbon and si-dereal, or calendar, time

11 The author would probably consider

which of the following the LEAST likely means of dating archaeological artifacts?

(A) Ceramics studies (B) Radiocarbon dating (C) Dendrochronological studies (D) Fluoride analysis

(E) Obsidian hydration-layer

analysis

12 The author mentions all of the

fol-lowing as problems with radiocarbon dating EXCEPT for

(A) disparities with the calendar

dating system

(B) deterioration of samples (C) identification errors by

archaeo-logical field workers

(D) contamination of artifacts (E) mistakes by laboratory workers

13 RANCOR:

(A) tranquility (B) happiness (C) impartiality (D) humor (E) affection

14 The recent birth of septuplets has

spawned many newspaper articles presenting _ accounts of medical problems associated with multiple births, _ the initial heartwarming stories about the sep-tuplets that dominated the press

(A) depressing minimizing (B) various contradicting (C) dispassionate obscuring (D) sobering counterbalancing (E) detailed substantiating

PART VI: Five Practice Tests 414

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Questions 15–18 are based on the

following passage.

The Andean cordillera is made up of

many interwoven mountain ranges, which

include high intermontane plateaus,

basins, and valleys The Northern Andes

region contains several broad ecosystems

that fall into four altitudinal belts Its

northern subregion is distinguished by

high humidity and by greater climatic

symmetry between eastern and western

flanks The Central Andes is characterized

by a succession of agricultural zones with

varied climatic conditions along the

region’s mountain flanks and by large,

high-altitude plateaus—variously called

puna or altiplano—which do not occur in

the Northern Andes The soil fertility of

the northern altiplano is generally good,

whereas the western Central Andean

ranges are relatively arid with desert-like

soils The eastern ranges are more humid,

like the Northern Andes, and have more

diverse soils

Broadly speaking, the weather patterns

of the Andean cordillera reflect the

move-ments of high- and low-pressure cells

associated with the Intertropical

Conver-gence Zone, a low-pressure trough that

moves north and south on a seasonal

basis These cells have their greatest

impact in the Central Andes, where

highland precipitation is seasonal With

increasing distance south of the equator,

the seasonality of precipitation in the

Central Andes increases, whereas the

total annual amount generally decreases

The aridity of the Central Andes coastal

zone is the result of the drying effect of the

cold Pacific Humboldt current and the

southern Pacific high-pressure cell

In contrast to regions of gentle

topog-raphy, where climatic variation can be

determined from a few widely spaced

mea-surements, climatic projections in the

Andean cordillera are quite difficult For

example, while air temperature generally

decreases with increasing altitude,

vari-ability of mountain topography can

produce much lower than expected air

temperatures Nevertheless, some general climatic patterns are discernible

Humidity commonly increases with increasing altitude, but only to some inter-mediate altitude, above which it declines

The variability of mountain terrain also affects precipitation, such that conditions

of extreme wetness and aridity may exist

in close proximity Related to this tem-perature gradient is a pattern of greater rainfall at the valley heads and less rain

at lower altitudes—particularly in the Central Andes—resulting in part from a mountain rainshadow effect

15 The passage is primarily concerned

with

(A) describing the geologic features

of various regions of the

Andean cordillera

(B) discussing the factors affecting

the climate of the Andean

cordillera

(C) providing alternative

explana-tions for the climatic diversity among different regions of the

Andean cordillera

(D) examining the effects of

topography on the precipitation

throughout the Andean

cor-dillera

(E) comparing the climate of the

Northern Andes to that of the Central Andes

16 According to the passage, the

north-ern part of the high-altitude pla-teaus is characterized by which of the following?

(A) Fertile soil (B) High relative humidity (C) A succession of agricultural

zones

(D) Extremes in air temperature (E) An arid climate

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17 It can be inferred from the passage

that air temperatures in the Andean

cordillera are often “lower than

expected” probably due to wide variations in

(A) precipitation levels (B) air pressure (C) prevailing wind direction (D) aridity

(E) mountain elevation

18 The passage mentions all the

fol-lowing as climatic factors in the

Central Andes cordillera EXCEPT

for

(A) the Intertropical Convergence

Zone

(B) the rainshadow effect (C) the southern Pacific

high-pressure cell

(D) the symmetry of the mountain

ranges

(E) the Pacific Humboldt current

19 WAN:

(A) flushed (B) robust (C) patchy (D) twinkling (E) comely

20 SCULPTURE : SHAVING ::

(A) analysis : insight (B) burglary : arrest (C) experiment : hypothesis (D) therapy : comfort (E) education : opportunity

21 Mark Twain and Garrison Keillor

were both born and bred in Mid-western America; yet the themes, writing styles, and attitudes of these two humorists are _

(A) widely admired (B) essentially timeless (C) distinctly different (D) quite remarkable (E) nearly identical

22 PRIZE : LOTTERY ::

(A) grade : student (B) loan : bank (C) game : casino (D) diploma : college (E) rank : tournament

23 CIRCUMSPECT : VIGILANCE :: (A) courageous : bravado

(B) amicable : belligerence (C) ardent : enthusiasm (D) miserly : wealth (E) intransigent : stability

24 In certain instances, tradition must

yield entirely to the utilitarian needs

of modern life When it comes to his-toric public buildings, whose struc-tural integrity is (i) _ to the safety of the general public, modern-ization sometimes requires no less than razing the structure and building anew In other such cases, however, architecturally appropriate retrofits can solve struc-tural problems without sacrificing (ii) _, while alternative loca-tions can be used for new buildings

as needed

Blank (i)

paramount integral imperative

Blank (ii)

history or tradition aesthetic cohesiveness utilitarian needs

Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following passage.

The heart of the restorationist critique

of environmental preservationism is the claim that it rests on an unhealthy dualism that conceives nature and humankind as radically distinct and opposed to each other The crucial question about the restorationist outlook has to do with the degree to which the restorationist program is itself faithful to its first principle—that nature and humanity are fundamentally united rather than separate

Rejecting the old domination model, which sees humans as over nature, resto-ration theory champions a model of com-munity participation Yet some of the descriptions of what restorationists are actually up to—for example, Turner’s

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description of humans as “the lords of

cre-ation,” or Jordan’s statement that “the

fate and well being of the biosphere

depend ultimately on us and our

rela-tionship with it”—do not cohere well with

the community-participation model

Another holistic model—namely, that of

nature as an organism—might be more

serviceable to the restorationists As with

the community model, the “organic” model

pictures nature as a system of

intercon-nected parts A fundamental difference,

however, is that in an organism the parts

are wholly subservient to the life of the

organism

25 In asserting that the organic model

“might be more serviceable to the

restorationists,” the author implies

that

(A) the descriptions by Turner and

Jordan of the restorationists’

program conform more closely

to the organic model than to

the community participation

model

(B) the organic model is more

consistent than the community

participation model with the

principle of restoration

(C) the organic model is more

consistent with the

restora-tionists’ agenda than with the

preservationists’ program

(D) holistic models are more useful

than the dualist model to the

restorationists

(E) the organic model, unlike the

community participation model,

represents nature as a system

of interconnected parts

26 Which of the following best expresses

the function of the first paragraph in relation to the second one?

(A) To establish the parameters of

an ensuing debate

(B) To discuss a secondary issue as

a prelude to a more detailed examination of a primary issue

(C) To provide an historical

backdrop for a discussion of a modern-day issue

(D) To introduce opposing

view-points, which are then evaluated

(E) To identify a problem with a

school of thought, which is then explored in detail

27 The science of astronomy is widely

viewed today as _ at least as much as theoretical, in that sooner

or later what astronomers detect finds its way into theory, or the theory is modified to _ it

(A) observational disprove (B) beneficial accept (C) empirical embrace (D) practical demonstrate (E) important supersede

28 QUARRY : MARBLE ::

(A) well : oil (B) ocean : tuna (C) silo : grain (D) reservoir : water (E) observatory : stars

29 SNORKEL : DIVE ::

(A) baton : run (B) taps : dance (C) blade : skate (D) ball : kick (E) club : golf

30 EXACERBATE:

(A) prevent from occurring (B) lessen in degree (C) withhold praise (D) smooth over (E) treat condescendingly

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QUANTITATIVE REASONING

28 Questions • 45 Minutes

NOTE: In this section, questions of different formats are interspersed, just as

they are on the computer-based GRE However, this practice session contains more challenging questions than easy ones, whereas the actual computer-based GRE adapts to your ability level

(A) The quantity in Column A is greater.

(B) The quantity in Column B is greater.

(C) The quantities are equal.

(D) The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

=3

3. Line segments AB and CD are chords of circle O

The circumference of circle O

The length of AB plus twice the length of CD

4 If x 0, and if x + 3 is a multiple of 3, which of the following is NOT a multiple

of 3?

(A) x (B) x + 6 (C) 2x + 6 (D) 3x + 5 (E) 6x + 18

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5 If m = n and p , q, then which of the following inequalities holds true in all

cases?

(A) m 2 p n 2 q

(B) p 2 m q 2 n

(C) m 2 p , n 2 q

(D) mp nq

(E) m + q , n + p

6.

The amount of interest

earned on $1,000 after four

months

The amount of interest earned on $2,000 after eight months

7.

The number of prime

numbers between 10

and 15

The number of prime factors of 33

8 On the xy-plane, what is the slope of a line that is perpendicular to the line

defined by the equation 3 1

y= x+ ?

(A) 26

(B) 22

2

(D) 2

(E) 3

9 Fifteen buoys, numbered 1 to 15, are positioned equidistantly along a straight

path for a sailboat race The race begins at buoy 1, and 45 minutes into the race

the fastest boat reaches buoy 10 At the same average speed, how many minutes

will it take the boat to race from buoy 10 to buoy 15?

(A) 45

(B) 32.5

(C) 25

(D) 22.5

(E) 15

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10. n = 2

Set R: {n + 1, 2n + 2, 3n + 3, }

Set S: {n, n + 1, n + 2, }

The 25th term of Set R Two times the 24th term of

Set S

11.

(9,300s)(0.0093t) (9.3s)(9.3t)

12 A farmer wants to construct a fence in order to create a rectangular horse corral

12,000 square feet in area Fence posts along each side will be 10 feet apart at their center

The fewest possible posts that could be used to construct the fence

The number of posts used if two of the sides are 300 feet in length

each

13 Cynthia drove for seven hours at an average rate of 50 miles per hour (mph) and

for one hour at an average rate of 60 mph What was her average rate for the entire trip?

Express your answer as a decimal number

mph Enter a number in the box

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Questions 14 and 15 refer to the following chart.

Month of the Year (July–December)

14 During which of the following months was there an aggregate decline in the

share price of stock in all three companies?

I July

II September

III October

(A) II only

(B) I and II only

(C) I and III only

(D) II and III only

(E) I, II, and III

15 At the beginning of July, an investor bought 40 shares of Ardent stock, and then

held all 40 shares until the end of December, at which time the investor sold all

40 shares The investor’s profit upon the sale of these 40 shares amounted to

approximately

(A) $850

(B) $980

(C) $1,100

(D) $1,300

(E) $1,400

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A

Once a month, a crop duster sprays a triangular area defined by three farm houses: A, B, and C, as indicated in the figure Farmhouse C is located 7 kilometers due east of farmhouse B, as shown If farmhouse A is located 10 kilometers farther west than farmhouse C, what is the total area that the crop duster sprays?

17.

2 2

18.

The price of a $100 product

marked up by K percent

The price of a $99 product

marked up by K dollars

19 The arithmetic mean (average) of two numbers is P 3 Q If the first number is Q,

which of the following expressions represents the other number?

(A) 2PQ 2 Q (B) PQ 2 2Q (C) 2PQ 2 P (D) P

(E) PQ 2 Q

Tiêu đề	Practice Test 2
Chuyên ngành	GRE
Thể loại	Practice test
Năm xuất bản	2010

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Số trang	10
Dung lượng	92,45 KB