On TN 12

Uses: o action going on at a certain time in the past o actions taking place at the same time o action in the past that is interrupted by another action c.. He has spoken English.[r]

SỞ GIÁO DỤC ĐÀO TẠO BẮC GIANG

TRƯỜNG THPT LỤC NGẠN SỐ 3

ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN THI TỐT NGHIỆP

TIẾNG ANH 12 Năm học: 2012-2013

Giáo viên : Phạm Thị Tuyên

Period: 1-9

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 1: TENSES

I Aims:

By the end of the lesson, SS will be able to:

- master the forms and the uses of tenses in English

- Do exercises on tenses in English

Examples: He speaks English

He does not speak EnglishDoes he speak English?

b Uses:

We use the simple present tense to describe:

o action in the present taking place once, never or several times

o facts

o actions taking place one after another

o action set by a timetable or schedule

c Adverd of frequency (signal words)

- always, often, usually, frequently, as a rule, regularly, normally

- sometimes, for a while, occasionally

- never

- seldom, hardly, rarely

- every + year/ month/ week/ day/ Sunday/ June…

- evenings, Sundays,…

 Note: Verb + ES : verbs with the endings: O , X , S , Z , CH , SH

(+) S + V/ V(s,es) + O (-) S + don’t/ doesn’t + V(nt) + O (?) Do/Does + S + V(nt) + O?

2 The simple continuous tense

a Form:

Example: He is speaking English

He is not speaking English

Is he speaking English?

b Uses:

o action taking place in the moment of speaking

o action taking place only for a limited period of time

o action arranged for the future

c Signal words

3 The past simple tense

a Form:

Examples: He spoke English

He did not speak EnglishDid he speak English?

b Uses:

o action in the past taking place once, never or several times

o actions taking place one after another

o action taking place in the middle of another action

c Signal words:

- ago, yesterday

- last + year/ month/ week/ Sunday/ June…

- in + point of past time (e.g in 1999, in 1980,…)

- It’s time + S + Ved/ V2

(+) S + is/ are/ am + V-ing + O (-) S + is/ are/ am + not + V-ing + O (?) Is/ Are/Am + S + V-ing + O?

(+) S + Ved/ V2 + O (-) S + didn’t + V(nt) + O (?) Did + S + V(nt) + O?

4 The past continuous tense

a Form:

Example: He was speaking English

He was not speaking EnglishWas he speaking English?

b Uses:

o action going on at a certain time in the past

o actions taking place at the same time

o action in the past that is interrupted by another action

c Signal words:

- At this time yesterday - At this time last night

- At 4 (5, 6 … ) o'clock yesterday - All day yesterday

S + WAS/WERE + V-ING + WHEN + S + Ved/V2

WHEN + S + Ved/V2 , S + WAS/WERE + V-ING

S + WAS/WERE + V-ING + WHILE + S + WAS/WERE + V-ING

WHILE + S+ WAS/WERE + V-ING , S + WAS/WERE + V-ING

WHILE + S + WAS/WERE + V-ING, S + Ved/V2 (short action)

S + Ved/V2(short action) , WHILE + S + WAS/WERE + V-ING

5 The present perfect

a Form:

Examples: He has spoken English

He has not spoken EnglishHas he spoken English?

b Uses:

o putting emphasis on the result

o action that is still going on

o action that stopped recently

o finished action that has an influence on the present

o action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment of speaking

(+) S + was/were + V-ing + O (-) S + was/were + not + V-ing + O (?) Was/ Were + S + V-ing + O?

(+) S + has/have + PII (Ved/ V3) + O (-) S + has/have + not + PII + O (?) Has/ Have + S + PII + O?

Examples: He had spoken English.

He had not spoken EnglishHad he spoken English?

b Uses:

o action taking place before a certain time in the past

o sometimes interchangeable with past perfect progressive

o putting emphasis only on the fact (not the duration)

C Signal words:

 S + V 2/ED + AFTER +S + had + V 3/ED

 AFTER + S + had + V 3/ED , S + V 2/ED

 S + V 2/ED + AS SOON AS + S + had + V 3/ED

*E.g: We came after the games had started.

 S + had +V 3/ED + BEFORE + S+ V 2/ED

 BEFORE + S + V 2/ED , S + had + V 3/ed

 S + had + V 3/ED + BY THE TIME + S + V 2/ED

*E.g: The games had started before we came.

 WHEN + S + V 2/ED , S + had (already) + V 3/ed

*E.g: When we came, the games had already started.

(+) S + + will+ V+ O (-) S + will + not + V(nt) + O (?) Will + S + V(nt) + O?

Examples: He will speak English.

He will not speak EnglishWill he speak English?

Exercise 1 Put the verbs in the simple present tense:

1 I always (buy) ……… lottery tickets but I never (win) ……… anything.

2 What ………… she (do) ……… in the evenings ?

3 She ………….usually (not/ play) ………… cards but (watch) ……… TV.

4 It usually (rain) ……… very much in that part of the United States.

5 The tailor always (measure) ……… for the new suit.

6 He always (cross) ……… the street at the corner.

7 My family (travel) ……… abroad every summer.

8 He always (wear) ………a raincoat and (carry) ……… an umbrella when he walks to the office.

9 Trees more quickly in summer than in winter (grow)

10. We ……… (not /get up) always before 7:00

11. ‘How are you getting on with the book?' I usually one chapter a day (read)

12. My brother……… (not/lock)always the doors and windows before going to bed

13. Alice her mother in London most weekends (see)

14. 'What's that terrible noise?' `The neighbors.often a party at night.' (have)

15. Both ancient and recent records show that farmers usually long hours.(work)

Exercise 2 Put the verbs in brackets in the present simple or the present continuous tense.

1/ I (have) coffee for breakfast every day

2/ My brother (work) in a shoe store this summer

3/ The student (look) _ up that new word now

4/ She (go) to school every day

5/ We (do) this exercise at the moment

6/ Miss Helen (read) _ a newspaper now

7/ It (rain) very much in the summer It (rain) _ now.

8/ Bad students never (work) hard

9/ He generally (sing) in English, but today he (sing) in Spanish

10/ We seldom (eat) before 6.30

11/ She sometimes (buy) _ vegetables at his market

12/ Be quiet The baby (sleep)

13/ We always (do) _ our exercises carefully

14/ Look A man (run) _ after the train He (want) _ to catch it

15/ It (be) very cold now

16/ John (travel) to England every years

17/ I (need) some money for my textbooks

18/ Tom (like) to go to the museums

19/ Mary (love) ice-cream

20/ My mother (cook) _some food in the kitchen at present She always (cook) _ in the mornings

21/ I often (leave) the city at weekends

22/ The guests (watch) the TV programmes now

23/ I (not see) _ films in the morning

24/ The sun (set) _ in the west

25/ My friend (study) English for an hour every night

26/ Listen someone _(knock) at the front door

27/ I (do) an exercise on the present tense at the moment

28/ Honesty (be) the best policy

29/ The earth (go) round the sun

30/ Two and two (make) four

Exercise 3: Complete the sentences Put the verb into the past simple tense.

1/ The war _ (break) out three year ago

2/When he was young , he (serve) in the army

3/ He (drink) a cup of coffee every morning years ago

5/ Mr Brown (live) in Paris when the second World War broke out

6/ Why _ you _(not come) yesterday?

7/ I (see) him ten days ago

8/ Mr Johnson (go) to Los Angeles in 1992

9/ What (happen) to you yesterday?

10/ We _(visit) that city last year

11/ She often goes to school by bike but yesterday she _(travel) by bus

12/ Ha Noi _(be) the largest City in VN years ago.

13/ He _ (stay) in bed late last Sunday morning

14/ Peter and Daisy _(be) born in 1978

15/ There (be) a lot of grass in the garden last summer

16/ They _ (not play) very well two years ago

17/ _ you _ (drink) a lots at the party yesterday morning?

18/ She (not be) an English teacher last year

19/ Two weeks ago, I (not work) well

20/ _ (be) Lan a good student in 2010?

Exercise 4: Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past continuous tense.

1 I and my mom (read) comic at this time last night

2 My younger brother (play) games online at 10.pm last night

3 She ( carry) an umbrella at 8.00 am yesterday morning

4 At that time they (lay) all tables

5 They _(hold) a Flower Fair at that moment last year

6 People _(paint) all trees a long the streets at this time two years ago.

7 They _(not use) this computer at 8.am yesterday.

8 _ she (do) her homework at this time yesterday morning?

9 He (sit) in a bar when I (see) him.

10.When I (go) out, the sun (shine) .

11.The light (go) out while I (have) tea.

12.When it (rain) , she(carry) an umbrella.

13.We (walk) to the station when it (begin) to rain.

14.He (eat) three sandwiches while you (talk) to him.

15.The servant (drop) two cups while she (wash up) _last night.

Exercise 5: Put the verbs in brackets in the present perfect.

1/ I (try) to learn French for years, but I (not succeed) yet

2/ She (read) _ all the works of Dickens.How many -.(you read) _ ?3/ I (wait) _ here nearly half an hour for my girlfriend; do you think she (forget) _ to come ?

4/ Mary (rest) in the garden all day because she (be) ill

5/ Although John (study) at the University for 5 years, he (not get) hisdegree yet

6/ Jack (go) to Switzerland for a holiday He (never, be) there

7/ We (live) here for the last six months, and (just, decide) to move

8/ That book ( lie) on the table for weeks (You/not read) _ it yet ?

9/ He (not be) _ here since Christmas; I wonder where he (live) since then

10/ He (lose) his books He (look) for them all afternoon, but they (not turn up) yet.

11/ She (work) _ so hard this week that she (not have) _ time to go to thecinema

12/ Your hair is wet (You/ swim) for a long time ?

13/ Bill is still a bad driver although he (drive) cars for six years

14/ You look very tired (You work) very hard ?

15/ The phone (ring) for 2 minutes, but I (not answer) it yet

Exercise 6: Put the verbs in brackets in the past simple or the past perfect tense.

1/ They (go) home after they (finish) their work

2/ He (do) nothing before he (see) me

3/ He (thank) me for what I (do) for him

4/ I (be) sorry that I (hurt) him

5/ After they (go) , I (sit) down and (rest)

6/ When I (arrive), the dinner (already, begin)

7/ My friend (not see) me for many years when I (meet) last week

8/ He (learn) English before he (leave) for England

9/ In England, he soon (remember) all he (learn)

10/ They (tell) him they (not meet) him before

11/ He (ask) why we (come) so early

12/ She (say) that she (already, see) _ Dr Rice

13/ By the time Bill (get) there, the meeting (start)

14/ When we (arrive) at our place, a burglar (break) _ in our house

15/ Almost everybody (leave) _ for home by the time we (arrive)

Exercise 7: Put the verbs in the correct tense

Present tenses

1 The river Thames (flow) ……….past the Houses of Parliament

2 They (spend) ………their holidays in Canada every year

3 Listen! I (think) ……….someone (knock) ……… at the door

4 Up to the present, we (write) ………almost every lesson in the book

5 The earth (circle) ………the sun once every 365 days

6 The farmers (work) ……… in the field at the moment

7 How many times you (see) ……… him since he went to London?

8 Rivers usually (flow) ……… to the sea

9 Look! The boy (cry) ………

10 Mrs Green always (go) ……….to work by bus

11 We (be) ………from France We (be) ……… there for 20 years

12 I (wait) ……… for the manager for two months

13 You (ever, see) ………a lion?

14 What she (do) ………in the evenings?

- She usually (play) ………cards or (watch) ……… TV.

15 You can’t see Tom now: he (have) ……… a bath

16 He usually (drink) ……… coffee but today he (drink) ……… tea

17 How you (get) ……….to work as a rule?

- I usually (go) ……… by bus

18 What she (have) ……….for breakfast usually?

- She usually (eat) ………a carrot and (drink) ……… a glass of cold water

19 Tom never (do) ………any work in the garden; he always (work)

.on his card

………

20 He never (listen) ……… to what you say He always (think)

about something else

………

Past simple

21 A: ……… (you / have) a nice trip to Vietnam?

B: Yes, thanks It was a wonderful trip

A: What sights ……….(you / see)?

B: Well, my friend Lan (take) ………me to a lot of beautiful sights in Hanoi Wealso (visit) ……….some historical places such as Hoan Kiem Lake, Ho Chi Minh’sMausoleum, the History Museum, Van Mieu and so on

A: ………(you / go) to mosque in Hanoi?

B: Yes I (come) ………to pray in mosque on Hang Luoc Street And on theweekend, we (go) ……….to see a show

A: What show ……… (you / go) to?

B: Oh, a musical I forget the name I (not / like) ……….it

A: Oh dear And ………(Lan / enjoy) it?

B: No, not really But we (enjoy) ……… the weekend

22 Columbus (discover) ……… America more than 400 years ago

23 He (not / go) ………anywhere last summer

24 Last month I (be) ………in the hospital for ten years

25 The house (be) ………built two years ago

26 The audience (listen) ……….to everything he (say) ……….last night

27 My brother (be) ……….born in 1990

28 He (not / be) ……… absent from class yesterday

29 ……… (you / see) my son last night?

30 I (can / not) ………open the door last night

31 He (go) ……… out ten minutes ago

32 You (see) ……….the moon last night?

33 He (serve) ……….in the First World War

34 He (lose) ……….his job last month

35 She (not / go) ……….to the cinema with him last Sunday

36 My mother (leave) ……….this city two years ago

37 My grandfather (die) ……… in 2005

38 Tom (go) ……….to Paris last summer

39 Daisy (buy) ………an English book yesterday

40 I (arrive) ……… in New York two weeks ago

Choose the best answers:

41 The earth ……… on the sun for its heat and light

42 Mount Everest ……….a height of 8,848 metres

43 In the 19th century, Lewis Carroll………Alice’s adventures in Wonderland in Oxford

44 Constructions on the Sears Tower ………in 1970

45 When I ………at the party, they ………

a arrived / had already left b arrive / have already left

c arrived / have already left d had arrived / already left

46 I ……….the English course by 1990

47 They ……… the Eiffel Tower before they ……….to France

a had never visited / came b have never visited / came

48 By the time she was 30, she ……….in 20 films

49 They ……….a farewell party last week

50 They ……….this museum in 1990

Past simple or past perfect:

51 They (spend) ……….their honeymoon in Paris where they (meet)

.two years before

………

52 I (look) ……… at the photos that he (send) ………

53 When I (leave) ………the house, I (not / have) ………breakfast yet

54 Who (live) ………in that house before the Smiths (buy) ………it?

55 The sky (be) ……… black sometime before the rain (begin) ……….to fall

56 Before I (apply) ……….for that job, I (ask) ……….my parents for advice

57 By the age of 35, my uncle (start) ……….his own business

58 We (live) ……….in the house that my grandparents (build) ………

59 They (go) ……….home after they (finish) ……….their work

60 Before she (watch) ……….TV, she (do) ……….her homework

Period: 10-15

CHUYÊN ĐỀ 2: REPORTED SPEECH

I Aims:

By the end of the lesson, SS will be able to:

- master the forms and the way to change statements into reported speech in English

- Do exercises on reported speech in English

- He said : “ I have lost my pen this morning.”

 He said that he had lost his pen that morning

- She said to him: “I will go with you tomorrow.”

 She told him that she would go with him the next day

Ghi nhớ : muốn đổi một câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp, ta phải :

+ Giữ nguyên động từ giới thiệu said hoặc đổi said to thành told nếu có túc từ.

+ Thay đổi đại từ nhân xưng, tính từ sở hữu… Ngôi thứ 1(I/we/me/my ) đổi thành ngôi thứ như chủ từ(subject)ở mệnh đề chính Ngôi thứ 2 (you/your)đổi thành ngôi thứ của túc từ Ngôi thứ 3(he/she/they ) giữ nguyên không đổi.

+ Thay đổi thì của động từ trong câu : bằng cách cho lùi về quá khứ một bậc

- simple present  - simple past

- present cont  - past continuous

- present perfect  - past perfect

- past continuous  - past perfect continuous

- present per.cont  - past perfect continuous

- simple future  - present conditional (should/would)

- perfect conditional  - unchanged (khơng đổi)

+ Thay m ộ t s ố t ừ th ờ i gian v à n ơ i ch ố n

- today / tonight  - that day / that night

-tonight  - that night

- tomorrow  - the following day / the next day

- next week / month…  - the following week / month…

- last week /month…  - the week before /the month before…

- the day before yesterday  - two days before

- the day after tomorrow  - in two days’ time

- tomorrow morning  - the following morning

- He said : “ I’ll come here to take this book.”

 He said that he would come there to take that book

- They said to us : “You must do this work right now.”

 They told us that we had to do that work at once

* Khi câu động từ giới thiệu ở hiện tại đơn, thì của động từtrong câu gián tiếp không đổi và các từ chỉ thời gian hoặc nơichốn vẫn giữ nguyên

- The doctor says to her : “You will have to stay here until tomorrow.”

 The doctor tells her that she will have to stay here until tomorrow

II Questions

- She said to me : “Do you like swimming ?”

 She asked me if/whether I liked swimming

- Tom said : “Has she finished her home work ?”

 Tom wanted to know if she had finished her homework

- He asked me : “Why did you come home so late last night?”

 He asked me why I had come home so late the night before

- Mary said : “ What’s he doing now?”

 Mary wondered what he was doing then

Ghi nhớ: Đổi said thành asked + object, wondered hay wanted to know

III Order, offer, advice, suggestions and promise

- The teacher said : “Go to the blackboard, John.”

 The teacher told John to go to the blackboard

- He said to them : “Don’t be late tomorrow.”

 He told them not to be late the next day