Which: đi sau danh từ hay đại từ chỉ đồ vật, loài vật, sự vật, làm chủ ngữ (S) trong mệnh đề tính từ.. Ex: Here is the book.[r]
Trang 1ĐỀ CƯƠNG ÔN TẬP KHỐI 9
I Adjectives and adverbs ( tính từ và trạng từ)
1.Adjectives:
+ Chức năng :dùng để bổ nghĩa cho danh từ hoặc đại từ
Ex : Lan is a naughty girl She strange talk to her friends
+ Vị trí: Đứng trước danh từ, đứng sau ( to be)
Ex: Mai is an excellent student She is very good.
2 Adverbs:
a Adverbs of frequency:
[ always,usually often,sometimes, occasionally, rarely ( sedom), never ]
+Chức năng: diển tả hành động theo thói quen hàng ngày, thường dùng ở thì hiện tại đơn
Ex :We usually go to Da Lat in the summer.
+ Vị trí : đứng trước động từ thường , đứng sau ( to be)
Ex: You never believe me You are always angry with me
b Adverbs of manner:
[ Được cấu tạo từ một tính từ thêm đuôi “ LY”]
+ Một sô tính từ thường dùng :
- interesting - interestingly - easy - easily
+ Chức năng: diển tả mức độ hành động , bổ nghĩa cho động từ thường + Vị trí : đứng sau động từ thường
Lan is a good student She studies very well
+ Tính từ bổ nghĩa cho danh từ và đại từ.
Ví dụ: Ông ấy là một giáo viên giỏi He is a good teacher.
Ông ấy cao He is tall
+ Trạng từ bổ nghĩa cho động từ và các từ khác trong câu
Ví dụ: Thầy của tôi dạy giỏi My teacher teaches well
Tôi không thể đến đơn giản bỡi vì tôi bị ốm I couldn’t come simply because I was ill.
It is a very interesting book.
* C¸ch nhËn diÖn vÞ trÝ cña tÝnh tõ:
Chóng ta cã thÓ nhËn biÕt tÝnh tõ khi chóng ta cã thÓ ®iÒn vµo mét hay nhiÒu mÉu c©u nh:
The house is very
It was .
She looks
He becomes very
I feel .
My sister is a student.
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Trang 2Vậy tính từ đứng trớc danh từ, hoặc sau động từ to be, look, feel, sound, taste, become, smell.
Về mặt cấu trúc ta có thể nhận biết các tính từ đợc tạo thành từ từ loại khác khi thấy
chúng tận cùng bằng -ful, -ic, -ous, -al, -ive
* Cách nhận diện vị trí của trạng từ:
Về mặt cấu trúc, chúng ta có thể nhận biết các trạng từ khi chúng có thể điền vào chỗ trống của một hay nhiều mẫu câu nh:
, S + V
She sings .
He was tired.
They have seen it.
We'll talk to him
He hasn't written to me
Vậy trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn, chỉ thể cách, chỉ thời gian đứng sau động từ hoặc sau tân ngữ Còn
trạng từ chỉ mức độ thờng xuyên đứng trớc động từ chính, đứng sau động từ to be
II Adverbs clauses of reason ( Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ lớ do/nguyờn nhõn)
+ Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ nguyờn nhõn bắt đầu bằng as, because hoặc since
As
Because he has no money, he can’t buy that house.
Since Vỡ anh ta khụng cú tiền , anh ta khụng thể mua ngụi nhà đú.
Adverbs clauses of reason
Notes: Nếu as, because hoặc since ở đầu cõu thỡ giữa 2 mệnh đề cú dấu phảy (,)và nếu as,
because hoặc since đứng giữa 2 mệnh đề thỡ khụng cú dấu phảy
He can’t buy that house as/ because / since he has no money
Adverbs clauses of reason
*Nhớ rằng mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ nguyờn nhõn bắt đầu bằng as, because hoặc since
* Cụm từ chỉ nguyờn nhõn
Because of + N/ Ving, S + V
Mệnh đề kết quả
Beause of + noun/ noun phrase: vì, bởi vì
We cancelled the fight because the weather was bad.
We cancelled the fight because of the bad weather.
He had to retake the exam because he got bad results.
He had to retake the exam because of his bad results.
III Adjective + that clause/ Adj + to V ( Tớnh từ + mệnh đề That)
+I am afraid that I will not come tomorrow (Tụi e rằng ngày mai khụng đến được)
+We’re pleased that you passed ( Chỳng tụi hài lũng bạn đó thi đậu)
IV Conditional sentences:
1 Conditional sentences: Type 1
- Điều kiện cú thể xảy ra ở hiện tại
If clause Mệnh đề If ( mệnh đề phụ) Mệnh đề chớnh Main clause
Trang 3If clause ( Mệnh đề If) Main clause ( Mệnh đề chính) Present simple
Will
May…
Eg: + If you work very hard, you will pass this test ( Nếu cố gắng bạn sẽ đậu)
+ If you don’t hurry, you may miss the train ( Nếu khơng vội bạn sẽ muộn tàu )
2 Conditional sentences: Type2
- Điều kiện khơng cĩ thật ở hiện tại /Điều kiện khơng thể xảy ra ở hiện tại
If clause ( Mệnh đề If) Main clause ( Mệnh đề chính)
Present past (Be WERE) cho các chủ từ
Would Could + Verb - inf Might…
Eg: +If you worked very hard, you would pass this test
( Hiện tại bạn khơng đậu kì thi) +If you didn’t hurry, you could miss the train
( Hiện tại bạn khơng muộn tàu) +If he were a good student, he could help you.
( Hiện tại anh ấy khơng giúp bạn được)
V Connectives (từ nối – liên từ)
* AND (va/ chØ sù thªm vµo ø): dùng để nối hai từ hoặc hai mệnh đề có cùng giá trị Eõx: Lan
likes cats and dogs
* BUT (nhưng /ChØ sù m©u thuÉn hoỈc tr¸i ngỵc) : dùng để nối hai câu có nghĩa trái ngược
nhau
Ex: They have a lot of money, but they’re not very happy
* SO (vì thế, vì vậy):dùng trong mệnh đề chỉ kết quả Nó đứng trước mệnh đề mà nó giới thiệu
Ex: He’s ill so he stays at home
* THEREFORE (vì thế) : dùng thay cho SO trong tiếng Anh trang trọng
Ex: The weather was too bad, our plan, therefore, had been changed
* HOWEVER ( tuy nhiên) đứng trước hoặc theo sau mệnh đề mà nó giới thiệu hoặc nó đi sau
từ hoặc cụm từ đầu tiên Ex: I will offer my cat to Hoa However, he may not like it
* BECAUSE (bởi vì ) dùng để chỉ lý do Ex: She didn’t go to the zoo because she was ill Note: Chúng ta có thể dùng “because of” thay vì “ because”
…… because + S + V ………because of + noun
(phrase) Ex: I was late because of the traffic jam ( kẹt xe)
* OR ( hay là, hoặc la/ chØ sù lùa chän hoỈc ®o¸n chõng) Ex: Is your girl tall or short
VI
Phrasal verbs : (Cụm động từ) đi sau kèm động từ là một giới từ và mang một ý nghĩa khác turn off (tắt), turn on(mở), look for (tìm kiếm), look after ( chăm sĩc), go on(tiếp tục)
- He forgot turn off the lights when he went to bed ( Anh ấy quên tắt đèn khi đi ngủ)
- Turn on the light! It’s very dark here ( Hãy mở dùm đèn lên! Trời tối quá)
- What are you looking for? ( Bạn đang tìm kiếm gì đấy?)
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Trang 4- The doctor often looks after the patients in the hospital (Ở Bệnh viện bác sĩ thường chăm sóc bệnh nhân)
- If you go on doing that, you’ll be punished ( Nếu bạn tiếp tục làm điều đó bạn sẽ bị phạt) VII Making suggestions : ( Đưa ra lời đề nghị)
SUGGEST + VERB- ING,
- I suggest speaking English in class ( Tôi đề nghị nói tiêng Anh trong lớp)
SUGGEST (THAT) + S + SHOULD
- I suggest (that) he should go to see the doctor (Tôi đề nghị anh ấy nên đi khám bác sĩ)
IX.Relative clauses ( Mệnh đề quan hệ)
Đại từ quan hệ : WHO,WHOM, WHICH, THAT
A/- Relative Pronouns: who, whom, which, whose
Who: đi sau danh từ hay đại từ chỉ người, làm chủ ngữ (S) trong mệnh đề tính từ.
Ex: That is the man He is a famous designer.
That is the man who is a famous designer
Which: đi sau danh từ hay đại từ chỉ đồ vật, loài vật, sự vật, làm chủ ngữ (S) trong mệnh đề tính
từ
Ex: Here is the book It is on wild animal.
Here is the book which is on wild animal
Which: đi sau danh từ hay đại từ chỉ đồ vật, loài vật, sự vật, làm túc từ (O) trong mệnh đề tính từ
Ex: Here is the book I like this book so much.
Here is the book which I like so much
Whom: đi sau danh từ hay đại từ chỉ người, làm túc từ (O) trong mệnh đề tính từ.
Ex: They are talking to the man The children admire him very much.
They are talking to the man whom the children admire very much
Whose + N: Sau “whose” là một danh từ, danh từ ấy được đứng sau một tính từ sở hữu: my, his, her, our, their, Mai’s, Mr Robinson’s.Và “whose” thay cho tính từ sở hữu.
Ex: This is a student I borrowed his book.
+ Who : thay thế cho từ chỉ người đứng trước nó làm chủ từ.
+ Whom: thay thế cho từ chỉ người đứng trước nó làm tân ngữ.
+ Which : thay thế cho từ chỉ vật, con vật đứng trước nó làm chủ từ và tân ngữ.
+ That : thay thế cho Who, whom, which
non-defining
* Phải dùng “that” trong các trường hợp sau
a) Cụm danh từ hỗn hợp chỉ người và vật
Eg: The girls and flowers that he painted were vivid.
They saw the men and women and cattle that went to the field.
b) Sau tính từ so sánh nhất và the first, the last, the only…
Trang 5Eg: She is the ugliest girl that I’ve ever seen.
c) Sau cỏc đại từ bất định all, nothing, nobody, anything, much, little…
Eg: + I have never seen anyone that is as lovely as she.
+ Much that I have ever seen is interesting.
Note: *Khụng được dựng “that” trong cỏc trường hợp sau
a) Cú giới từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ.
The house in which I live is my father’s Cõu này cú giới từ IN *Khụng được dựng “that” để
thay thế cho in which
b) Mệnh đề quan hệ khụng giới hạn ( non- defining )
Vietnam, which is on the south-east Asia, exports rice
(which is on the south-east Asia ) là mệnh đề khụng giới hạn *Khụng được dựng
“that” để thay thế cho which
X Adverb clauses of concession ( Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhượng bộ)
-Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ sự nhượng bộ bắt đầu bằng though, although, even though
Eg: + Although she is very tired, she tries to finish her work.
( Mặc dự cụ ta rất mệt nhưng cụ ta vẫn cố gắng hoàn thành cụng việc)
+ I like him even though he can be ennoying.
(Tụi thớch anh ấy mặc dự anh ấy đang bực mỡnh)
+ He likes her very much though she doesn’t like him.
In spite of/ despite + noun/ noun phrase Inspite of/Despite the fact that + clause
Eg: -Although the traffic was bad, I arrived on time.
= In spite of/ Despite the traffic, I arrived on time.
In spite of the fact that the traffic was bad, I arrived on time.
- Although It rained heavily, we enjoyed our vacation.
=In spite of / Despite the heavy rain, we enjoyed our vacation
In spite of the fact that it rained heavily, we enjoyed vacation
* Notes: Trong câu có although thì không có but
Chú ý: -Công thức rút gọn … +V-ing: dùng khi hai mệnh đề trùng chủ ngữ.
-Công thức rút gọn ………+ Noun phrase: dùng khi hai mệnh đề trùng chủ ngữ hoặc không trùng chủ ngữ.
+Trờng hợp rút gọn:
*Trùng chủ ngữ:
Ex: He is ill but he goes to school.
=>Despite/ In spite of being ill, he goes to school.
=>In spite of/ Despite his illness, he goes to school.
*Không trùng chủ ngữ:
Ex: The weather is bad but we go to the beach.
=>In spite of/ Despite the bad weather, we go to the beach.
EXERCISES
I Choose the best answer a, b, c or d to complete each sentence
1) If you ……… that again, I will cry
2) ……… the pollution in that river is awfully bad, the water is not fit to drink
3) Nam spoke English……… , but he didn’t win the first prize in the
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Trang 6competition
4) The baby laughed……….when her mother told her a funny story
5) If we plant more trees along the streets, we ……… the amount of pollution in the atmosphere
a reduce b reduced c will reduce d would reduce
6) They were………that he refused to help them
a surprising b surprised c surprisingly d surprise
7) ……….you are a student, you can get a discount on books
9) We ………to you if we have time
a write b would write c will write d wrote
10) If he has a lot of money, he………abroad.
a travel b will travel c travels d would travel
11) I’m ……… that people have spoiled this area
a disappoint b disappointment c disappointing d disappointed
12) Air ………is often seen as a major environmental result of modern living
a pollution b smoke c sewage d fume
13) The trees are cut…… because their wood is wanted
14)Who ……… your house when you are away from home
a looks on b looks in c looks after d looks at
15) There’s nothing good on TV Why don’t you turn it…………?
16)Why don’t you……….with your university study?
a go in b go at c go by d go on
17) Na is very tired………., she has to finish her homework before she goes to bed
a if b so c however d therefore
18)Hoa failed her math test……… ,she has to do the test again
a however b but c although d therefore
19) We suggested ………the light bulb It is broken
a replace b to replace c replacing d replaced
20)Mary suggested that they……….together
a went b goes c should go d will go
21)It is ……….that we have our hair cut at that hairdresser’s
a suggestion b suggesting c suggested d suggest
22) Lang Sync is a song………… is sung on New Year’s Eve
a when b where c which d who
23) He is the film director _we want to talk to
24)That is the man _son died in the war.
Trang 725) The storm _nobody has been expecting caused a lot of damage.
26) We might visit the seashore _we could swim and sunbathe.
27) I was very tired, I determined to walk on to the next village.
28)People live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones.
29)Passover is in late March ……… early April.
30) She was because of her bad result.
A happy B happily C unhappy D unhappily
II READING
1 Read the passage, then choose the correct answer(A,B,C or D) for each question
Among the festival celebrated by some of Asian people is the Moon Cake Festival, also known as the Mid-August Festival Large numbers of small round moon cakes are eaten on this day,
and children enjoy carrying colorful paper lanterns come in all shapes; the more popular ones are
shaped like fish, rabbits and butterflies According to them, the moon shines brightest on the night
of the Moon Cake Festival As the moon rises, tables are placed outside the house and women make offerings of fruit and moon cakes to the Moon Goddess
1 What does the passage mainly discuss?
A Festivals B Rice-cooking festival C Lunar New Year D Mid-August Festival
2 The phrase “Mid-August Festival” can be replaced by
A Mid-Autumn Festival B Early-Autumn Festival
C Late-Autumn Festival D Autumn Festival
3 What types of food do Asian people usually eat on this day?
A cakes B sticky-rice cake C moon cakes D fruit
4 The more popular paper lanterns are shaped like
A stars B fish C rabbits and butterflies D fish, rabbits and butterflies
5 When does the moon shine brightest?
A the night before the Moon Cake Festival
B the night after the Moon Festival
C the night of the Moon Cake Festival
D the following night
6 What is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A paper lanterns B moon shines C.mooncakes D lion-dancing
2 Read the passage and choose the correct answer
Well, I think that living in Bangkok is very exciting I haven’t lived here all my life My family came here when I was three But now it is my home Nearly all my friends live here
It is our capital city, and very big From morning till night there are crowds of people on the
main streets Some part of the city are very noisy I have a long journey to school everyday, but I
don’t mind because it is so interesting There’s always something happening in the streets There are all kinds of people selling things – fruits, flowers, cooked food, clothes – everything you can khaquocan@gmail.com
Trang 8imagine I really enjoy the excitement of the crowded streets and large modern buildings I love walking around the streets at the weekend with some other boys from my class
1 when did the writer move to Bangkok ?
A When he was three month years old B At the age of three
C When he was in grade three D At the age of thirteen
2 What does the word “main” in paragraph 2 mean ?
3 Why doesn’t the writer mind the long journey to his school ?
A Because he travel by bus
B Because he can see many interesting things in the streets
C Because he is selling fruits
D Because he can enjoy cooked food
4 Which of the following sentences is not true ?
A The writer was born in Bangkok B Bangkok is the capital city of Thailand
C The writer’s house is very far from his school
D Almost streets in Bangkok are crowded and busy
5 Who does the writer walk around the streets at weekends with ?
A his sister B.his brother C.his cousins D.his classmates
3.Read the passage and choose the correct answer.
There are at least 2,000 different languages in the world Of all these languages, English is the most widely used It is used by business people, airline pilots and sea captains all over the world It is also the first language in sports and science So it is very important to learn English
Chinese is also an important language because it has the greatest number of speakers There are not only over one billion people living in China today, but also many Chinese people living outside China Chinese is widely spoken in many parts of Asia and Africa Russian is spoken in both
Europe and Asia French is widely understood in Europe and in parts of Canada, Africa and Asia From more than 2,000 languages, the United Nations has chosen six of them for business They are Chinese, Arabic, English, French, Russian and Spain
1 How many languages are there in the world?
A less than 2,000 B more than 2,000 C more than 2,00 D.2,000
2 What is the first language in sport and science?
3 What language has the greatest number of speakers?
4.What languages are both spoken in Europe?
A English-French B Russian-French C Chinese-Spain D English-Russian
5 What languages are chosen for business by United Nations?
A Arabic-Chinese B English-French C Russian- Spanish D.A,B,C are correct