CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG Passive Voice NĂM BƯỚC CĂN BẢN ĐỂ HOÀN THÀNH THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG 1.. Bị /Thụ động cách là cách đặt câu trong đó chủ ngữ đứng vai bị động.. Chú ý: Điều kiện để có thể chuyển câu chủ
Trang 1CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG
( Passive Voice )
NĂM BƯỚC CĂN BẢN ĐỂ HOÀN THÀNH THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG
1 Tìm chủ từ bị động (passive subject)
ex: "the table", "the car"
2 Chọn thì cho đúng với chủ từ
ex: thì wá khứ tiếp diễn ( the table was being)
3 Đặt quá khứ fân từ (past participle)
ex:động từ steal - The table was being stolen
4 Đặt BY + TÁC NHÂN vào
ex: the talbe was being stolen by the thieves
5 Hoàn tất câu
1 Bị /Thụ động cách là cách đặt câu trong đó chủ ngữ đứng vai bị động.
Ví dụ:
1 Chinese is learnt at school by her.
2 A book was bought by her.
Chú ý: Điều kiện để có thể chuyển câu chủ động sang bị động:
Thứ 1: Câu chủ động phải xác lập có được tân ngữ (object)
Thứ 2: Câu chủ động phải có Ngoại động từ (transitive verbs)
2 Qui tắc Câu bị động
a Động từ của câu bị động: To be + Past Participle (Pii).
b Tân ngữ của câu chủ động thành chủ ngữ của câu bị động
c Chủ ngữ của câu chủ động thành chủ ngữ của giới từ "BY"
Active : Subject - Transitive Verb – Object
Passive : Subject - Be+ Past Participle - BY + Object
Ví dụ: The farmer dinks tea everyday (Active)
Tea is drunk by the farmer everyday (Passive)
3 Khi một ngoại động từ ở chủ động có hai tân ngữ , một trực tiếp và một gián tiếp (nhóm tặng biếu),
có thể chuyển thành hai câu bị động
Ví dụ: I gave him an apple.
An apple was given to him.
He was given an apple by me.
4 Một số câu đặc biệt phải dịch là "Người ta" khi dịch sang tiếng Việt.
Ví dụ: It is said that = people say that ; (Người ta nói rằng)
Trang 2It was said that = people said that (Người ta nói rằng)
Một số động từ được dùng như trên: believe, say, suggest, expect,
5 Ta dùng động từ nguyên thể trong thể bị động:
TO BE + PAST PARTICIPLE để chỉ một ý định hay sự bắt buộc hoặc sự không thể được.
Ví dụ: This exercise is to be done.
This matter is to be discussed soon.
6 Sau những động từ : to have, to order, to get, to bid, to cause hay một động từ chỉ về giác quan hoặc cảm
tính, ta dùng Past Participle (Tham khảo phần Bảng động từ bất quy tắc) bao hàm nghĩa như bị động:
Ví dụ: We had your photos taken.
We heard the song sung.
We got tired after having walked for long.
7 Bảng chia Chủ động sang Bị động:
8 Một số Trường hợp đặc biệt khác:
a Một số động từ đặc biệt: remember; want; try; like, hate
Ví dụ: I remember them taking me to the zoo (active)
I remember being taken to the zoo.(passive)
Ví dụ: She wants her sister to take some photogtaphs.(actiove)
She wants some photographs to be taken by her sister (passive)
Trang 3Ví dụ: She likes her boyfriend telling the truth (actiove)
She likes being told the truth (passive)
9 Một số Trường hợp đặc biệt nguyên mẫu có TO: Suppose; see; make;
Ví dụ: You are supposed to learn English now (passive)
= It is your duty to learn English now (active)
= You should learn English now (active)
Ví dụ: His father makes him learn hard (active)
He is made to learn hard (passive)
Ví dụ: You should be working now.(active)
You are supposed to be working now.(passive)
Ví dụ: People believed that he was waiting for his friend (active).
He was believed to have been waiting for his friend.(passive)
BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG:
1.Tom delivers the mail every day
2 Fire destroyed that house
3 Bob took that book from the desk
4 Barbara will eat the cake
5 Beth has finished the report
6 The police easily captured the thief
7 The students attended the lecture
8 The movie disappointed us very much
9 Mr John manages the export division
10 John returned the money last night
11 The teacher corrects our exercises
12 They started a dancing class last week
13 Mr Smith saw the accident
14 Somebody has taken my briefcase
15 The teacher returned our written work to us
Trang 4
16 She has finished the report by noon
17 The mad dog bit the little boy
18 The police have arrested five suspects
19 The doctor ordered him to take a long rest
20 Lightning struck the house
passive voice 2
1 The mailman is delivering the mail now
2 He has to finish it today
3 They may organize a new group next week
4 You ought to send the package by registered mail
5 They cannot hold the meeting in that room
6 He has to pay the bill before the first of the month
7 Ha may pay the bill for us
8 For the time being, Alice is teaching that group
9 You ought to water the plant once a week
10 You should insure the package
11 Somebody calls the president every day
12 John is calling the other members
13 Martha was delivering the documents to the department
14 The other members have repealed the amendment
15 The delegates had received the information before the recess
16 The teacher should buy the supplies for this class
Trang 5
17 Somebody will call Mr Watson tonight
18 The fire has caused considerable damage
19 The company is developing a new procedure
20. John will have received the papers tomorrow
bài tập passive voice 3
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1. They can’t make tea with cold water
2. The chef engineer was instructing all the workers of the plant
3. Some body has taken some of my books away
4. They will hold the meeting before May Day
5. They have to repair the engine of the car
6. The boys broke the window and took away some pictures
7. People spend a lot of money on advertising everyday
8. They may use this room for the classroom
9. The teacher is going to tell a story
10. Mary is cutting the cake with sharp knife
11. The children looked at the women with a red hat
12. They have provided the victims with food and clothing
13. People speak English in almost every corner of the world
14. You mustn’t use this machine after 5: 30 p.m
15. Luckily for me, they didn’t call my name
16. After class, one of the students always erases the chalkboard
17. You must clean the wall before you paint it
Trang 6
18. They told the new pupil where to sit
19. I know that they had told him of the meeting
20. Nobody has ever treated me with such kindness
21. No one believes his story
22. A sudden increase in water pressure may break the dam
23. We must take good care of books borrowed from the library
24. A man I know told me about it
25. We can never find him at home for he is always on the movie
26. They use milk for making butter and cheese
27. Science and technology have completely changed human life
28. John used to visit Mr Cole at weekends
29. Weeds cover the riverbank
30. Smoke filled the room
PASSIVE VOICE- EXERCISE 4:
1 He used to borrow my pen.
2 He had to finish his work on time.
3 You needn't do all the homework.
4 You ought to tell him early.
5 They don't use the room very often.
6 They must widen the road to school this year.
7 Have you done your homework?
8 Did you finish your work early?
9 Who will you meet at the airport?
10 What did you do last night?
11 Who wrote this book?
12 Who has seen her at the party?
13 Who built this house?
14 Who had to tell you about it?
15 Who can do this work?
16 Who will meet you at the airport?
DẠNG ĐẶC BIỆT:
Trang 7ACTIVE VOICE : S1+say/ think/ belive + S2+ V
PASSIVE VOICE: S2 be said/thought/believed+ to do Sth ( to have V3)
PASSIVE VOICE: It be said/ thought/ belived+ that+ S+V
BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG:
1.They say that he is a good student
2.People think that Mary will come here in two days
3.They believed that My mother went there
4.They report that he has gone to Paris
5.They said that the dog did'nt run away
6.People believe that your father likes dogs
7.They say that he can do that
8.People think that there are many apples in this village
KEY:
1.He is said to be a good student.
It is said that he is a good studẹnt
2.Mary is thought to be coming here in two days.==> to have come (khác thì : S + be + PP+ to Have + PP
)
It is said that Mary will come here in two days
3.My mother was belived to go there
It was believed that my mother went there
4.He is reported to have gone to Paris
It is reported that he has gone to Paris
5.The dog was said not to run away.
It was said that the dog didn't run away
6.Your father is believed to like dogs.
It is believed that your father likes dogs.
7.He is said to be able to do that
It is said that he can do that.
8.This village is thought to have many apples
It is thought that there are many apples in this village
