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Trang 1CHUYÊN ĐỀ INFINITIVES – ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN THỂ PHẦN A: LÝ THUYẾT
I.Classification: Phân loại động từ nguyên thể
Full infinitive: With “to’ – Động từ nguyên thể đầy đủ có “to” như:
E.g: He goes to Paris to learn French
They would like to invite some guests to their house warming party
Bare infinitive: Without “to’ – Động từ nguyên thể khuyết không có “to” như:
E.g: My parent didn’t let me do what I really liked
We saw an old lady walk on the grass
Perfect infinitive: Form “have past participles” – Động từ nguyên thể hoàn thành như:
He was believed to have escaped from the prison
The man is thought to have escaped with a young girl
Passive infinitive: Form “be past participles” – Động từ nguyên thể bị động như:
He was believed to be put into prison
The man is said to be killed in an accident
đầy đủ “to-infinitive” được đề cập và mô tả như dưới đây:
đây theo công thức:
S – V – to-infinitives
Trang 214 deserve 31 mean 48 threaten
e.g He agreed to wait for us
They determined to get scholarship
Ha offered to help the old lady
She wishes to become a nurse
động từ như make up one’s mind/ take care/ take the trouble/ make sure/
e.g They couldn’t make up their mind to go or not
They took the trouble of the company to ask for a pay-rise You should make sure to apply for
the job that suit you well
Follow the adjectives below: động từ nguyên thể đầy đủ “to-infinitive” đi sau các tính từ dưới
đây theo công thức:
S – be – adjectives – to-infinitives
14 dangerous 34 impossible 54 usual
15 delighted 35 interested 55 useless
Trang 317 difficult 37 lucky 57 wise
e.g She is too annoyed to say anything
They are certain to win the race
We are eager to start a new school year
The boy is too horrified to say a word
He was wrong to move to another city
whom/ which/ when/ where/ how/
e.g.She didn’t know what to do next We didn’t decide where to go
They couldn’t make up their mind who to trust
sau các tân ngữ của các động từ dưới đây theo công thức:
S – V – O – to-infinitives
1
2
advise allow
16
17
force forbid
31
32
order permit
e.g She advised me not to take the job
Trang 4They encouraged the son to fight
I would like you to apply for that job
We prefer him to stand up
He urged me to raise my hand
2.6 To be demonstration, purposes, results: động từ nguyên thể đầy đủ “to-infinitive” được
dùng như hình thức chỉ định, chỉ mục đích, kết quả hoặc theo sau enough/ save money/ etc
e.g The house, to be demolished, is very old
She has nothing to eat
We haven’t got enough to have one each
They saved money to go abroad
các cụm động từ chỉ hình thái lời nói như: To tell the truth/ To cut a long short story/ etc e.g To tell the truth, she was a real liar
To sum up, it’s necessary to own a personal computer
1 You should study hard to _ your classmates
A.catch sight of B feel like C get in touch with D keep
pace with
2 Conservationists _ that experiments on animals be stopped
A.banned B complained C said D
Trang 510 He is going to take extra lessons to what she missed while she was away
A.catch up on B cut down on C put up with D take up with
11 It’s essential that every student _ the exam before attending the course
A.pass B passes C would pass D
passed
12 It’s a formal occasion so we’ll have to to the nines- no jeans and pullovers this time! A.hitch up B put on C wear in D get
dressed up
13 After her illness, Lam had to work hard to his classmates
A.catch sight of B keep pace with
C.get in touch with D make allowance for
14 _ for farming purposes, soil must contain the minerals plants require
A.To be good B Being good C Be good D
That’s good
Trang 615 Please your cigarette I am going to get choked
A.cut down B blowout C put aside D put out
16 The contract was signed by the three partners who thus agreed to by terms and conditions contained in it
A.follow B adhere C abide D stick
17 It is not easy to our beauty when we get older and older
A.develop B maintain C gain D collect
18 She has been told by her doctor that she is _, she cannot have a child of her own A.childish B childhood C childless D child
19 The baby does nothing but all day
A.to sleep and to eat B to sleep and eat
C.sleep and eat D sleeping and eating
20 It is very difficult to the exact meaning of an idiom in a foreign language
A.convert B convey C exchange D transfer Exercise 2 Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the
preceding sentence
1 A washing machine of this type will certainly _ normal domestic use
A.stand up for B come up with C get on to D take down with
2 He is doing very badly but he tries to appearances
A.hold on B stick to C keep up D make out
3 He was so mean that he could not bear to _ the smallest sum of money for the charity appeal
A.part with B pay off C give in D let out
4 The mother told her son _ so impolitely
A.not behave B not to behave C not behaving D did not behave
5 Nam: “Excuse me! I’m looking for the library.”
Mai: “ _”
A Where’re your eyes? It’s in front of you
B Look no further!
C Find it yourself I’m busy
D Oh, nice to meet you
6 “Can you _ me a favor, Bill?” Peter said
A make
B get
C put
D do
Trang 77 Boy, stop reading the book down and go to bed
A Take
B Put
C Set
D Pick
8 Our English teacher would like
A that we practicing our pronunciation
B us practicing our pronunciation
C us to practice our pronunciation
D we to practice our pronunciation
9 We are not allowed _ jeans at school
Trang 8A returning
B to return
C to be returned
D return
15 In view of the serious problems associated with the takeover the newspaper company has
decided to _ its offer of financial help
A.throw B reject C cancel D deter
16 The main problem was that the newly formed organization was not attracting enough work and so they decided to the services of a public relations expert
A.call B engage C enter D register
17 She is never willing _ any personal question
A.answer B to answer C answering D answered
18 If you need any support, you can rely on me to
A.set you down B face up to you C back you up D put you through
19 The manager had his secretary _ the report for him
A.to have typed B typed C type D to type
20 Sports competition are held to _ cooperation and solidarity among countries A.grow B upgrade C spring up D promote
Exercise 3 Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the
Trang 10A.did B made C caused D
created
13 Shy people often find difficult to group discussion
A.take part in B get on with C take place in D get in touch
with
14 The boy waved his hands to his mother, who was standing at the school gate, to
her attention
A.attract B pull C follow D tempt
15 The boy made his father him a new bag
A.buy B to buy C buying D buys
16 We, the local residents were asked to for the best activist of the local council A.elect B shortlist C support D vote
17 The dear waters here some of the world’s best divers
A.draw attention B attract C appeal D provoke
18 A lot of people who live in the outskirts have to to work every day by train or tube
A.tour B commute C travel D Move
19 It took the man forty five minutes to to his office every day
A.riding B ride C rode D rides
20 Mary was the last applicant _
A.to be interviewed B to be interviewing
C.to interview D to have interviewed
Exercise 4: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of
the incomplete sentences below
1 Mr Brown didn’t afford _ a car
A.buy B to buy C buying D bought
2 We’ve got a new computer in our office I haven’t learnt how it yet
Trang 12D persuading him doing
17 If you delay _ it back, you will risk _ your rights as a customer
Trang 13D to be done that
19 Just keep on _ what you like
A.do B did C doing D done
20 He made me _ it all over again
A.do B doing C to do D done
Exercise 5: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of
the incomplete sentences below
1 It is easy _ wise after the event
Trang 1412 On _ at the airport, I was very worried to find that no one _ for me
A arriving/ was waiting
B arrive/ was waiting
C arriving/ had waiting
D arrive/ had been waited
13 _ a foreign language requires great effort
Trang 1517 Would you mind _, please
A to answer the phone
B answer the phone
C answering the phone
D to the phone answered
18 My mother told me _ hope
Exercise 6: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of
the incomplete sentences below
Trang 16A.has passed B passes C was passing D passed
2 Because it rained very heavily all day they had to _ the garden party until the
D will have held
4 The manager _ him for a minor mistake
A Has this issue expressed
B Can’t this issue express
C Can this issue express
D Couldn’t this issue be expressed
7 All traffic laws
A is observed
B must be observed
C must have observed
D had better observe
8 He’d hardly finished doing his homework when you arrived, ?
A didn’t he
B had he
C would he
Trang 179 Tomatoes before they are completely ripe
A.put up with B take away from C get back to D make out of
11 This letter , not handwritten
A.should be typing B should be typed
C.needn’t type D needn’t be typed
12 You _ touch that switch, whatever you do
A.mustn’t B needn’t C won’t D wouldn’t
13 Susan hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly
A.mustn’t B couldn’t C can’t D needn’t
14 You _ be rich to be a success Some of the most successful people I know
haven’t got a penny to their name
A.needn’t B couldn’t C mayn’t D mustn’t
15 If she _ sick, she would have gone out with me to the party
A.hasn’t been B wasn’t C weren’t D hadn’t been
16 A water polo cap is used to the players’ heads and to identify them
A.tie B penalize C protect D move
17 If a defender _ with a free throw, holds or sinks an attacker, he is excluded from the game for twenty seconds
A.punches B passes C plays D interferes
18 – Jane: Oh no! I completely forgot we were supposed to pick Jenny up at the airport this
morning
– Maria: She _ there waiting for us
A.needn’t sit B might still sit
C.must still be sitting D should have sat
19 This director has _ some famous films but I think this one is the best
A.done B conducted C made D
composed
20 Hellen often wears beautiful new clothes She _ be very rich
A.must B could C might D needn’t
Exercise 7: Choose the best answer among the A, B, C, or D provided to finish each of
the incomplete sentences below
1 Hurry up, or they serving meals by the time we get to the restaurant
Trang 18A.stopped B will have stopped
C.are stopping D would stop
2 During the Enlightenment, the powers and uses of reason
A.were stressed B stressed C were stressing D had stressed
3 If you a book, you have a brief look at it without reading or studying it seriously A.dip into B put away C pick up D put down
4 That style of dress _ have been designed by Titian, because it wasn’t worn till
after his death
A.wouldn’t B shan’t C can’t D oughtn’t
5 This book to Peter It is not mine
A.possesses B owns C has D belong
6 It was announced that neither the passengers nor the driver in the crash
A.were injured B are injured C was injured D have been injured
7 The main task of a defender in a sport game is to _ the opponents from scoring A.prevent B preventing C prevention D preventable
8 Peter was asked to _ to a newspaper article making predictions for technological progress in 10 years
A.expect B invent C develop D contribute
9 My favorite team 15 games so far this season, and will probably win the
championship
A.are winning B won C have won D will win
10 You should have your composition carefully before you handed it in
A.seen through B thought of C looked in D gone over
11 “Don’t worry about your necklace Give it to me and I promise to _ great care of it.” A.bring B take C keep D make
12 Washing machines, vacuum cleaners, and dish washers are labor- _ devices
which help us do housework easily and quickly
A.improving B making C saving D employing
13 The old houses were _ down to make way for a block of flats
A.banged B hit C knocked D put
14 The Sahara contains complex linear dunes that are by almost 6 kilometers
A.developed B separated C lay D located
15 Nowadays children would prefer history _ in more practical ways
A.be taught B teach C to be taught D to teach
16 Thanks to pictures taken by satellites, deserts have not a mystery in our
time
A.hidden B intended C remained D attained
17 Those letters now You can do the typing later
Trang 19A.need typing B needn’t be typed C need to type D needn’t typing
18 The case against the corruption scandal was
A.discarded B refused C eliminated D dismissed
19 The museum is open to everybody It between 9 a.m and 5 p.m
A.visits B visited C can visit D can be
visited
20 A penalty shot is when a major foul is committed inside the 5-meter line
A.prevented B awarded C committed D ranged
Exercise 8: Find the ONE among the underlined and marked A, B, C, D in each of the following sentences that needs correcting:
1 Minh is a bit He does not feel like eaten anything
2 I noticed the boy to creep into the house through a hole at the foot of the wall
3 There comes my bus! I must go now Don’t forget giving me a call
4 Faraday’s father was not rich enough to sending him to school
5 She left the house in a hurry without to say goodbye to us
6 I remember that I have something new to telling you
7 I couldn’t help get angry when he told me about the problem
8 Language coming from Latin, such as French, Italian and Spanish are easy learning
9 I enjoy not have to get up early when I’m on holiday
10 I don’t recommend to eat in that restaurant Its food is awful
11 The police stopped everybody enter the house
12 Knew that he was poor, I offered to pay his fare
13 If you don’t allow me entering, I’ll break down the door
14 Alan advised me reading some more books
15 Leaves kept to fall and I felt tired of keeping the yard clean
16 I am only interesting in what he did
17 Would you please tell me how doing this?
18 My parents never let me going out in the evening
19 You should do nothing but waiting
20 Gloria made a lot of friends by work in the cafeteria
ĐÁP ÁN Exercise 1 Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the
preceding sentence
Câu Đáp án Giải thích