Thể khẳng định Khẳng định (Đổi mệnh đề chính sang thể ngược lại) If I have time, I will help you.. .[r]
Trang 1IF clause / If not/ unless
1
- câu điêù kiện loại 1(có thật ở hiện tại)
If +S + V(simple present ), S + will (can, may) +V
2 -câu điều kiện loại 2(không co thật ở hiện tại)
If +S+V (simple past),S + could, would + V
3.-câu điều kiện loại 3(không có thực ở quá khứ)
If +S+V(past perfect), S+would, could + have + PII
4 IF = UNLESS
UNLESS = IF NOT: nếu … ko/ trừ phi
Cách chuyển mệnh đề IF sang mệnh đề UNLESS
If – Clause Unless
Thể phủ định Khẳng định ( Mệnh đề chính ko đổi)
- If you don’t study hard, you will fail the exam
Unless you study hard, you’ll fail in the exam
- If she doesn’t water the trees, They will die
Unless she waters the trees, they will die
Thể khẳng định Khẳng định (Đổi mệnh đề chính sang thể ngược lại)
If I have time, I will help you
Unless I have time, I won’t help you
If we had more rain, our crops wouldn’t grow faster
Unless we have more rain, our crops wouldn’t grow faster
Trang 21) Câu điều kiện loại I
chỉ điều kiện có thật sẽ có thể sảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai (phù hợp với thực tế)
If +S + V(simple prerent) , S + will (can, may) +V
Ex : If It's sunny , we will go camping
(nếu trời nắng, chúng tôi sẽ đi cắm trại)
nếu là câu phủ định thì :
If + S + don't / doesn't + V , S + willn't (can't , ) + V
Ex : If he doesn't do morning exercise , he will feel tired
(nếu anh ta không chịu tập thể dục anh ta sẽ cảm thấy mệt mỏi)
2) Câu điều kiện lọai II
Chỉ hành động không thể sảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai (điều kiện đặt ra trái với thực tế)
If + S + V (simple past) , S+ could(should, would) + V
Ex : If It rained , we should stay at home
(Nếu trời đã mưa, chúng tôi sẽ ở nhà ) trời không mưa
câu phủ định thì:
If+S + didn't + V , S + wouldn't (shouldn't, couldn't) + V
Ex : If It didn't rain , we shouldn't stay at home
( nếu trời không mưa , chúng tôi sẽ không ở nhà) trời đang mưa
Lưu ý: nếu động từ là tobe thì đi với chủ ngữ nào cũng là " were "
3) Câu điều kiện loại III
Diễn tả hành động trái với thực tế đã sảy ra trong quá khứ
If + S + had +PII ,S+ would (should,could) + have + PII
Ex : If Lan had learned, she should have got a good mark
(nếu Lan học cô ấy sẽ được điểm tốt ) nhưng thực tế Lan đã bị điểm kém
Trang 3Câu phủ định thì :
If + S+ hadn't + PII, S+ wouldn't (couldn't, shouldn't)+have + PII
Ex : If I hadn't been tired , I wouldn't have missed the TV
(nếu tôi không bị mệt tôi sẽ không bị lỡ chương trình TV ) đã bị lỡ
EXERCISES
Supply the correct form of the verbs
1 Cats could fly if they (have) wings
2 If Peter (study) harder, he would get better marks
3 You will be late for class if you (not, hurry)
4 Mary would not have got wet if she (wear) a raincoat
5 If today (be) a holiday, I would stay in bed for all day long
6 If she (make) him change his mind, she would save him a lot of trouble
7 I wish he (come) tomorrow
8 I wish it (be) a little warmer I feel very cold
9 I saved some money at the bank, but it was not enough to buy a car I wish I (have) enough money to buy a car
10 I wish out teacher (explain) that lesson to us again tomorrow
11 I can hear his voice so clearly that it is as if he (be) hear but the fact is that he isn't here
12 I have never met her before in my life Why is she looking at me as if she (know) me?
13 If I (be) a bird, I (not, want) to live in a snake
14 My brother managed to kill the snake just at the time when I (be) almost exhausted If he (be) a little late, I (kill) by the snake
15 Had I know you were ill, I (visit) you
16 Were he here, he (not, do) it
17 I feel as if my head (be) on fire, doctor
Trang 418 He talks as though he (know) where she was.
19 He looked frightened as if he (see) a ghost
20 If you (smoke) less, you (have) much more money But I don't think you ever will
II Supply the correct verbs
1) If I (know) that you were ill, I (go) to see you
2) If she'd had enough, She (buy) a car
3) I (buy) a car If you lend me some money
4) I (see) him if I (go) to the party last night
5) We could have gone out if the weather (not be) so bad
6) If the book (not be ) expensive, I'll buy it
7) You would be very surprised if he (return)
8) I'll go out if it (not rain)
9) They wouldn't come to the party if you (not invite) them
10) What you (do) if you (be) him?
IV Put the verbs in the brackets into the correct tenses:
1 If I see him, I (give) him a gift
2 If I had a typewriter, I (type) it myself
3 If I had known that you were in hospital, I (visit) you
4 You could make better progress if you (attend) class regularly
5 If I (know) his telephone number, I’d give it to you
6 If you (arrive) ten minutes earlier, you would have got a seat
7 He could get a job easily if he (have) a degree
8 I shouldn’t have believed it if I (not see) it with my own eyes
9 If she had asked you, you (accept)?
Trang 510 He might get fat if he (stop) smoking.
11 What you (do) if you found a burglar (kẻ chộm) in your house?
12 If she (not hurry), she may be late
13 If I (try) again, I think that I would have succeeded
14 If I tell you a secret, you (promise) not to tell it to any one else?
15 Tell him to ring me if you (see) him
16 If you (speak) more slowly, he might have understood you