CHUYÊN ĐỀ 1 (PHÁT ÂM)

priority Question 10.. marvelous Question 11.. change Question 12.. cities Question 13.. begged Question 14.. approached Question 15.. expands Question 19.. expands Question 20.. houses

CHAPTER 1 : PRONUNCIATIONS

 C S LÝ THUY T Ơ Ở Ế

Cách phát âm

IPA hay B ng ký hi u ng âm qu c t là h th ng các ký hi u ng âm đả ệ ữ ố ế ệ ố ệ ữ ược các nhà ngôn ngữ

h c t o ra và s d ng nh m th hi n các âm ti t trong m i ngôn ng c a nhân lo i m t cáchọ ạ ử ụ ằ ể ệ ế ọ ữ ủ ạ ộ chu n xác và riêng bi t.ẩ ệ

Nguyên âm

đ n ơ Monophthons

Nguyên âm đôi Diphthongs

i:

bee shipɪ putʊ shootu: clearɪə gateeɪ

e

bed betterə birdɜ : doorɔ : tourʊə boyɔɪ noteəʊ

æ

p

f

fan vasev thinkθ thisð sees zooz sheep∫ visionʒ

m

Các nguyên âm và ph âm ti ng Anh có m t s cách phát âm nh t đ nh Sau đây là m t s cách ụ ế ộ ố ấ ị ộ ố phát âm thông thường c a m t s ch cái ti ngủ ộ ố ữ ế Anh

I.Nguyên âm đ n: ơ

Ch cái ữ Phát âm Ví

dụ

a

/æ/ fan, national

/e / ɪ take, nature

/ :/ ɔ fail, altogether

/ / ɒ want, quality

/e/ many, any

/ / ɪ message

/ / ə afraid, familiar

/ :/ ɑ after, class

e /i:/ /e/ fever, geneeducate, flexible

/ / ɪ explore, security

o Quy t c phát âm các ch cái nguyên âm đôi trong ti ng Anh ắ ữ ế

ai /e / /e / ə ɪ gain, entertainfair, armchair

ay /e / ɪ stay, betray

au / :/ ɔ naughty, audience

ea /e / /i:/ ɪ beat, measlesgreat, break

/e/ health, feather

ei /e / /i:/ ɪ weight, eightyceiling, deceive

/a / ɪ height

ey /e / /i:/ ɪ hey, conveykey

ie

/i:/ piece, relieve

/a / ɪ lie, tie

/ / ə ancient, proficient

/a ɪə / society, quiet

oa / / :/ əʊ / load, coast

ɔ abroad, broaden

oo / / /u:/ tool, goose

ʊ book, foot

/ / ʌ flood, blood

ou

/a / ʊ mouse, account

/ əʊ / soul, shoulder

/ / ʌ couple, trouble

/u:/ group, souvenir

/ / ʊ could, would

/ / ə famous, marvelous

ow / /a / əʊ ʊ / cow, brownthrow, yellow

oi / / ɔɪ voice, join

oy / / ɔɪ joy, boy

L u ý: ư

o Nh ng quy t c trên ch là nh ng cách đ c ph bi n, ngoài ra có nh ng trữ ắ ỉ ữ ọ ổ ế ữ ường h p ngo i l Khiợ ạ ệ

ch a ch c ch n, chúng ta ph i tra t đi n và ghi nh cách phát âm t ng t cho chínhư ắ ắ ả ừ ể ớ ừ ừ xác

IV.Quy t c phát âm đuôi “-s/es” và đuôi ắ “-ed”.

CÁCH PHÁT ÂM ĐUÔI “ –ED” CU I Ố

Quy t c ắ ( D a vào phát âm ch không ph i ch cu i ) ự ứ ả ữ ố

/id/

t ,d : tình đ uầ Ex: wanted , ended Ngo i l : Đuôi “ed” trong các tính t sau đạ ệ ừ ược đ c là /id/ọ

naked aged learned wicked dogged blessed beloved crooked

/t/

K , SS , X, CH , F , CE , P , GH , SH

( Khúc sông x a chuy n phà c ph i ghé sang )ư ế ủ ả Ex: worked , kissed, faxed , watched, laughed , faced , helped , roughed, washed

=> s ho c -ssặ thì luôn đúng, nh ngư -se có th đ c /t/ ho c /d/ tùy theo t ể ọ ặ ừ

/d/ b , g , l, m , n, r, v, y, I, e… Ex: played , loved , happened…

CÁCH PHÁT ÂM “ –S /ES” CU I Ố :

Quy t c ắ /s/ Th i phong ki n ph Ex: cloths, beliefs, books , cups , cats ờ ế ươ ng tây

/iz/ Chúng x s z i sh sẽ ce ge Ex: watches, boxes, buses, buzzes crashes, focuses , resources , bridges ổ ố ớ

/z/ Ex: robs, bags, pools, costumes, begins , floors , leaves

M T S TR Ộ Ố ƯỜ NG H P KHÁC Ợ

 Khi g p g ch d ặ ạ ướ i ch ữ S :

- Bình thường ch s phát âm là ữ /s/, nh ng có nh ng ngo i l c n nh là : s đ c /z/ các ch sau:ư ữ ạ ệ ầ ớ ọ ữ

busy, please, easy, present, desire, music, pleasant, desert, choose, reason, preserve, poison

- Ch s đ c / ữ ọ ʃ / : sugar, sure

 Đ i v i ch CH ố ớ ữ

- CH đ c ọ /t∫/ là bình thường

- CH đ c : ọ /k/ g m các ch sau: ồ ữ chemist, ache, Christmas, mechanic, architect, character …

- CH đ c là ọ / ʃ / : machine, champagne, chamois, chalet, charade ,

 Đ i v i ch H ố ớ ữ

- các ch ữ H sau đây là h câm : hour, honor, honest, vehicle, (và các gia đình t c a ch này)ừ ủ ữ

 Đ i ố ch GH ữ : - Bình thường đ c là /ọ f/

 Đ i v i âm /u/ và /u:/ ố ớ

- /u/ g m: ồ put, pull, full, could, woman, foot, look, good, book

- /u:/ g m: ồ food, school, tooth, fruit, June, noon, soup, through, move, shoe,

 Silent consanant (âm câm)

"B"câm khi đ ng sau "M" ho c đ ng trứ ặ ứ ứơc "T": bomb, climb, comb, tomb, doubt, subtle, debt

(Chú ý: có t không tuân theo quy t c này: timber )ừ ắ

"H" sau đây là h câm: hour, honor, honest

"K" câm khi đ ng trứ ước "N": know, knife, knob

"N" câm khi đ ng sau "M": autumứ n, column, hymn, condemn

"P" câm: cupboard, receipt, psychology,

"W" câm: sword

"T" câm: Listen , often , fasten, ballet, …

 BÀI T P ÁP D NG Ậ Ụ

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Question 1 A listens

Question 2 A kissed

Question 3 A express

Question 4 A exhaust

Question 5 A enjoyed

Question 6 A buttons

Question 7 A derived

Question 8 A extended

Question 9 A priority

Question 10 A marvelous

Question 11 A change

Question 12 A cities

Question 13 A begged

Question 14 A approached

Question 15 A laughs

Question 16 A finished

Question 17 A gossip

Question 18 A expands

Question 19 A expands

Question 20 A promised

Question 21 A clear

Question 22 A ocean

Question 23 A houses

Question 24 A bother

Question 25 A area

B reviews

B washed

B exciting

B exam

B ironed

B books

B required

B skipped

B habitat

B assistance

B champagne

B areas

B dogged

B sacrificed

B mouths

B promised

B gentle

B installs

B travels

B conserved

B treasure

B commercial

B clothes

B worthy

B arrange

C protects

C advertised

C expensive

C exact

C picked

C begs

C blamed

C looked

C protection

C armchair

C channel

C envelops

C buttoned

C unwrapped

C slopes

C escaped

C gamble

C swallows

C appoints

C destroyed

C spread

C necessary

C matches

C weather

C arrive

D enjoys

D slipped

D exhibition

D excellent

D served

D cans

D coughed

D watched

D essential

D argument

D choice

D days

D blamed

D obliged

D presidents

D followed

D garage

D rejects

D animals

D proposed

D dread

D technician

D stages

D wealthy

D arise

Question 26 A reduced

Question 27 A cooked

Question 28 A take

Question 29 A about

Question 30 A houses

Question 31 A kites

Question 32 A hire

Question 33 A hear

Question 34 A attacked

Question 35 A possesses

Question 36 A derived

Question 37 A values

Question 38 A supported

Question 39 A major

Question 40 A circles

Question 41 A land

Question 42 A lunch

Question 43 A matched

Question 44 A visits

Question 45 A floor

Question 46 A around

Question 47 A talked

Question 48 A cursed

Question 49 A amount

Question 50 A approached

B caused

B ploughed

B name

B shout

B brashes

B hopes

B hour

B pear

B stopped

B brushes

B faced

B accelerates

B mended

B native

B symptoms

B sandy

B kitchen

B worked

B destroys

B door

B south

B naked

B ragged

B countable

B enforced

C damaged

C stopped

C eight

C wounded

C hates

C balls

C hair

C clear

C decided

C watches

C inclined

C responsibilities

C dressed

C sailor

C areas

C many

C technology

C cleaned

C believes

C noodle

C souvenir

C liked

C sacred

C country

C composed

D preserved

D finished

D back

D count

D places

D kicks

D hi

D near

D searched

D indicates

D hired

D waves

D attracted

D applicant

D complaints

D candy

D purchase

D stepped

D depends

D board

D thousand

D asked

D compiled

D around

D embraced