The main goals of this chapter are to: Explain what project management is and why it is important, identify the different ways projects can be structured, describe how projects are organized into major subprojects, understand the concept of earned value management,...
Trang 1Projects
Chapter 05
Trang 2Learning Objectives
1. Explain what project management is and why it is
important.
2. Identify the different ways projects can be structured.
3. Describe how projects are organized into major
subprojects.
4. Understand the concept of Earned Value
Management.
5. Determine the “critical path” for a project.
6. Show how activity time uncertainty can be analyzed
in projects.
7. Demonstrate how to “crash,” or reduce the length, of
a project.
Trang 3Project Management
What is a project?
major output and requiring a significant period of time
to perform.
What is project management?
equipment, material, etc.) to meet the technical, cost, and time constraints of the project.
Why is project management important?
often involves juggling a portfolio of projects.
Trang 4Types of Development Projects
Type of
Project
Degree of Change
Trang 5Project Structure
Trang 6Defining the Project
Statement of Work
A written description of the objectives to be achieved
Task
A further subdivision of a project – usually shorter than several months and performed by a single group or organization
A group of activities combined to be assignable to a single
organizational unit
Project Milestone
Specific events in the life of the project
Work Breakdown Structure
Defines the hierarchy of project tasks, subtasks, and work packages
Activities
Pieces of work that consume time
Trang 7Project Control Charts
Charts provide an
easily understood
visual presentation
Software can be used
to create the charts
Gantt chart – shows
in a graphic manner
the amount of time
involved and the
sequence of activities
Often referred to as a
bar chart.
Trang 8Earned Value Management
(EVM)
A technique for measuring project progress in
an objective manner
Has the ability to combine measurements of scope, schedule, and cost in a project
Provides a method for evaluating the relative success of a project at a point in time
Trang 9Earned Value Management –
Essential Features
Trang 10Network-Planning Models
Trang 11Critical Path Method (CPM)
Excel: Critical Paths
Trang 12Project Crashing
Trang 13Project Crashing
Trang 14Project Crashing
Activity D cannot be
reduced any further
at this point
Activity A cannot be
reduced any further
at this point
Project has reached minimum duration
Excel: Project Crashing
Trang 15Managing Resources
In addition to scheduling tasks, resources
must also be assigned to specific tasks
Software can be used to spot over-allocation
When resources are over-allocated, either
more resources are required or rescheduling
is necessary
resources