infinitive and gerund

Gerund or infinitive Verb-ing” hay “to verbTo verb: dùng sau các động từ sau: Nhóm 1 Decide: quyet dinh Determine: quyet tam Demand: yeu cau, doi hoi.. Help: giúp đỡ hesitate: chần chừ ,

Gerund or infinitive (Verb-ing” hay “to verb)

To verb: dùng sau các động từ sau:

Nhóm 1

Decide: quyet dinh

Determine: quyet tam

Demand: yeu cau, doi hoi

Help: giúp đỡ

hesitate: chần chừ ,lưỡng lự

manage: cố gắng, xoay sở,

nefect: phớt lờ, tảng lờ

plan: kế hoạch

promise:hứa

prepare: chuẩn bị làm gì

prove: chứng minh

refuse: từ chối

offer: mời, đề nghị

seem: dường như

wish: mong ước

swear: thề

pretend: gia vo

intend: du dinh

nhom 2: After some verbs followed by object( sau những động từ đi kèm bởi một tân ngữ) V+ somebody + to verb

Advise: khuyên

Invite: mời

Encourage : khuyến khích, khích lệ, động viên

Force : ép buộc ai đó làm gì ( trong trường hợp phải dùng đến vũ lực)

Persuade: thuyết phục ai đó làm gì

Remind : nhắc nhở

Order : yêu cầu, ra lệnh

Teach: dạy

Tell: bảo nói

Warn: canh báo

Urge: thúc giục

Example: my father encourage me to take part in(= join in,= participate in) ourdoor activity Nhóm 3:

After some verb followed or nor by an object( theo sau một số động từ có hoặc không tân ngữ đi kèm)

Ask: yêu cầu, đòi hỏi

Beg: cầu xin , van xin = ask for,( an may thi la beggar)

Expect, like, would like, want…

Example: he wants me to call him as soon as i go home

He wants to get a good job after graduating

Nhom 4:

After some structures ( sau một số cấu trúc)

Too+ adj/adv :quá để làm gì

Eg: that is too bad to accept

Adv/ adj + enough +noun + to infi

Nhom 5: after somes verbs followed by a question word:

Ask, decide, discover, find out, know, learn, remember, see, show, think, understand, wonder… Eg: he wonders when suitably to ask her hand

Nhom 6: used as a verb of purpose

Eg: what are you learning English for?

Nhom 7: after some frases:

To be about : sap sua lam gi

To be able to: co the lam gi

To do ( or try)one’s best: cố gắng hết sức

Make up one’s mind= decide

…

Nhom 8: infinitive used as an object of verb, often is “ tobe”

Eg: my dream is to become a singer

Nhom 9:

Replace in a relative pronoun ( dc dung thay cho mot menh de quan he)

Eg: he is a doctor who made aserious mistake ó he is a doctor to make a serious mistake gerund:

nhom 1: after preposition

in, on, off, of…

Nhom 2: after these following verbs:

Admit, appreciate, avoid, consider, complete, delay= pospone, deny, dislike, dread, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, forgive, imagine, involve(lien quan), keep+ doing = continue, mind, miss, practice, resent ( fan no), risk( co nguy co), suggest, worth…

Eg:

He denied existing of ghost

Nhom 3: after somes verbs from by object or possessive adj( sau mot so dt di kem bo ngu hay tinh tu so huu)

Dislike, dread, fancy, mind, save, suggest, understand, approve>< disapprove(+of), insist on, object to= protest, prevent from…

Eg; her mother dislikes her working late

Nhom 4: used as a subject or object:

Eg:

Learning English is not very difficult ( really?)

Her favorite is ice skating

Nhom 5: after some frases:

+Can’t help, can’t stand, can’t bear = khong the chiu dc, ko the nhin dc

+to be/ get used to : quen lam gi do trong qk

Look forward to, to be busy ( with), accustomed to=get acquainted with : quen lam gi

It’s no use/good: khong dang de lam gi, khong can thiet

truong hop co the dung ca infinitive hoac gerund:

sau begin, start, continue, intend, bore, … co the dung infi va gernd ma nghia ko doi note: trong truong hop nay ,cung 1 cau, tranh dung 2 v-ing

sau “see, hear, watch, feel, smeel, …xay ra 2 truuong hop:

+ S+V+O+V( finished action)

Eg: he felt the house shake

+S+V+O+Ving( unfinished action)

sau remember, regret, forget , xay ra 2 th:

+ s+V+to V: fai lam gi do(mang nghia tuong lai)

+ S+V+Ving: nho da lam gi do

5 after “need”

Neu dung : S+need+ Ving: mang nghia bi dong

Eg: your hair needs cutting

Con ko thi dung nhu dt thuong

6.try:

Th1: S+ try+to V: co gang lam gi do ma chua ro kq

Th2:S+try+ving: thu lam gi do

Eg: I try so hard to explain how I feel

I tried making a cake yesterday

7 sau “ make, help, let” dung bare infi:

S+V+O+V

Eg: if you love me, let me know If you don’t love me, let me go

8 sau like, love,enjoy , hate, care… xay ra 2 th:

+ S+O+toV: dien ta 1 y thich ,rieng hoac 1 tinh huong cu the

Eg: she enjoy to listen to pop music

I like to drink a cup of tea now

+ S+V+Ving: dien ta so thich chung, lau dai

Eg: I like reading story