Lecture Management information systems: Solving business problems with information technology – Chapter 6

In this chapter, students will be able to understand: How do you process the data from transactions and integrate the operations of the organization? How do you efficiently collect transaction data? What are the major elements and risks of a transaction?,...

Introduction to MIS

Chapter 6 Database Management Systems

Database Management Systems

Database DBMS Programs

Sales and transaction data Reports and

ad hoc queries

DBMS & People

Data

DatabaseManagementSystemProgram Program

Business Operations

Ad Hoc Queries and Reports

Phone Name Address City312-555-1234 Jones 123 Main Chicago502-555-8876 Smith 456 Oak Glasgow602-555-9987 Juarez 887 Ribera Phoenix612-555-4325 Olsen 465 Thor Minneapolis

Customer Table

Customer Date Salesperson Total_sale502-555-8876 3/3/04 2223 157.92602-555-9987 4/4/04 8876 295.53612-555-4325 4/9/04 8876 132.94502-555-8876 5/7/04 3345 183.67

Invoice Program

Billing Program

 Data and programs

 Undocumented files

 Files & many programs

 Multiuser

 Changes

All Data Files

Database Management

System

Invoice Program

Billing Program

1) What output do you want to see?

2) What tables are involved?

3) What do you already know? (constraints) 4) How are the tables joined?

Four questions to create a query

Database Queries

 Single Table

 Computations

 Joining Tables

Single Table Query Introduction

Access Query Screen (QBE)

Query: Which customers have balances greater than $200?

File: C05E15a.mdb

“AND” Conditions and Sorting

Sample Data

Access Query Screen (QBE)

Query: Which Denver customers have balances greater than $200?

28764 Adamz 602-999-2539 Phoenix 197.54

87535 James 305-777-2235 Miami 255.93

44453 Kolke 303-888-8876 Denver 863.39

29587 Smitz 206-676-7763 Seattle 353.76

SQL Introduction

Query: Which customers have balances greater than $200?

SQL: SELECT CID, Name, Phone, City, AccountBalance

FROM Customers WHERE AccountBalance > 200 ;

Query: Which Denver customers have balances greater than $200?

SQL: SELECT CID, City, AccountBalancel

FROM Customers WHERE AccountBalance > 200 and City = “Denver”

28764 Adamz 602-999-2539 Phoenix 197.54

87535 James 305-777-2235 Miami 255.93

44453 Kolke 303-888-8876 Denver 863.39

29587 Smitz 206-676-7763 Seattle 353.76

Useful WHERE Conditions

 Match all Name LIKE “J*”

 Match one Name LIKE “?m*”

Use with QBE or SQL

Sample Output

Groups with Conditions

Query: What is the average account balance for customers from Denver?

Linking Tables

The Orders to ItemsSold relationship enforces referential integrity.

Query Example

 Which customers (CID) have placed

orders since June 1, 2004?

SELECT DISTINCT Salespeople.Name,

Customers.Name FROM Salespeople INNER JOIN (Customers INNER JOIN Orders ON

Customers.CID=Orders.CID) ON Salespeople.SID = Orders.SID ORDER BY Salespeople.Name ;

 List the salespeople (sorted alphabetically) along

with the names of customers who placed orders

with that salesperson.

Database Design

 One value per cell

key and nothing but the key.

Database Design: Normalization

File: C05Vid.mdb

Table name

Primary key is underlined

Table columns

Customer (CustomerID, Phone, Name, Address, City, State, ZipCode)

CustomerID Phone LastName FirstName Address City State ZipCode

3 502-777-7575 Washington Elroy 95 Easy Street Smith's Grove KY 42171

5 502-474-4746 Rabitz Victor 645 White Avenue Bowling Green KY 42102

6 615-373-4746 Steinmetz Susan 15 Speedway Drive Portland TN 37148

8 615-452-1162 Jones Charlie 867 Lakeside Drive Castalian Springs TN 37031

9 502-222-4351 Chavez Juan 673 Industry Blvd Caneyville KY 42721

1st: Repeating

RentalForm(TransID, RentDate, CustomerID, Phone, Name, Address, City, State, ZipCode, (VideoID, Copy#, Title, Rent ) )

Repeating Section

Causes duplication

TransID RentDate CustomerID LastName Phone Address VideoID Copy# Title Rent

1 4/18/04 3 Washington 502-777-7575 95 Easy Street 1 2 2001: A Space Odyssey $1.50

1 4/18/04 3 Washington 502-777-7575 95 Easy Street 6 3 Clockwork Orange $1.50

2 4/30/04 7 Lasater 615-888-4474 67 S Ray Drive 8 1 Hopscotch $1.50

2 4/30/04 7 Lasater 615-888-4474 67 S Ray Drive 2 1 Apocalypse Now $2.00

2 4/30/04 7 Lasater 615-888-4474 67 S Ray Drive 6 1 Clockwork Orange $1.50

3 4/18/04 8 Jones 615-452-1162 867 Lakeside Drive 9 1 Luggage Of The Gods $2.50

3 4/18/04 8 Jones 615-452-1162 867 Lakeside Drive 15 1 Fabulous Baker Boys $2.00

3 4/18/04 8 Jones 615-452-1162 867 Lakeside Drive 4 1 Boy And His Dog $2.50

4 4/18/04 3 Washington 502-777-7575 95 Easy Street 3 1 Blues Brothers $2.00

4 4/18/04 3 Washington 502-777-7575 95 Easy Street 8 1 Hopscotch $1.50

4 4/18/04 3 Washington 502-777-7575 95 Easy Street 13 1 Surf Nazis Must Die $2.50

4 4/18/04 3 Washington 502-777-7575 95 Easy Street 17 1 Witches of Eastwick $2.00

First Normal

Customer Rentals

Name Phone Address City State ZipCode

VideoID Copy# Title Rent

1st: Split

RentalForm(TransID, RentDate, CustomerID, Phone, Name, Address, City, State, ZipCode, (VideoID, Copy#, Title, Rent ) )

RentalForm2(TransID, RentDate, CustomerID, Phone, Name, Address, City, State, ZipCode)

RentalLine(TransID, VideoID, Copy#, Title, Rent )

TransID RentDate CustomerID Phone LastName FirstName Address City State ZipCode

1 4/18/04 3 502-777-7575 Washington Elroy 95 Easy Street Smith's Grove KY 42171

2 4/30/04 7 615-888-4474 Lasater Les 67 S Ray Drive Portland TN 37148

3 4/18/04 8 615-452-1162 Jones Charlie 867 Lakeside Drive Castalian Springs TN 37031

4 4/18/04 3 502-777-7575 Washington Elroy 95 Easy Street Smith's Grove KY 42171

RentalLine

Note: replication

Note: replication

2nd Split

RentalLine(TransID, VideoID, Copy#, Title, Rent )

VideosRented(TransID, VideoID, Copy# ) Videos(VideoID, Title, Rent )

TransID VideoID Copy#

3rd Split

RentalForm2(TransID, RentDate, CustomerID, Phone, Name, Address, City, State, ZipCode )

Rentals(TransID, RentDate, CustomerID )

Customers(CustomerID, Phone, Name, Address, City, State, ZipCode )

TransID RentDate CustomerID

CustomerID Phone LastName FirstName Address City State ZipCode

1 502­666­7777 Johnson Martha 125 Main Street Alvaton KY 42122

2 502­888­6464 Smith Jack 873 Elm Street Bowling Green KY 42101

4 502­333­9494 Adams Samuel 746 Brown Drive Alvaton KY 42122

5 502­474­4746 Rabitz Victor 645 White Avenue Bowling Green KY 42102

Rentals

Customers

3NF Tables

DBMS Input Screen

Text/Labels Data Variables

Command Buttons

Sample Report

with Groups

Designing Menus for Users

Customer Information

As a secretary, which menu is easier to understand?

5) Calculate total6) Sort for highest total

7) Look up names

Database versus Spreadsheet

Storage v calculation Multiple tables

 Hypertext & Massive text

 Pictures & Graphs

 Objects

 User defined

page

Cases: Airlines

Cases: American Airlines

Southwest Airlines

What is the company’s current status?

What is the Internet strategy?

How does the company use information technology?

www.americanair.com

www.iflyswa.com

Appendix: Building Forms in Access

Selecting Columns

Select additional data from the other tables But be careful with key

columns For example, do not include the CustomerID from the

Customer table or the ItemID from the Item table Instead, use

Form Wizard: First Pass

The wizard builds the Sale form with a sub form to enter

multiple Items being sold But it needs some work with layout.

Form Design View

In design view, you can move the labels and boxes to make the form

Form Design: Sub Form and SubTotal

Edit the subform and add a Combo box for ItemID Delete the Description box Add

an ItemValue text box to multiply Quantity * List Price Add a text box to compute the subtotal [=Sum([Quantity]*[ListPrice])] Be sure to set the correct names and formats

Sale Form

The final sale form adds a text box that copies the subtotal from the sub

form to the main form Just add a text box and set its value to

=[SaleItem Subform].[Form].[SubTotal]