Giáo trình Face2face advanced student''s book: Phần 2

Face2face là giáo trình tiếng Anh có nhiều cấp độ thích hợp cho từng đối tượng học khác nhau. Face2face advanced student''s book là cuốn giáo trình học tiếng Anh giao tiếp cho người học ở trình độ nâng cao, không chỉ giao tiếp, giáo trình này còn rèn luyện tích hợp các kỹ năng cho người học. Trong phần 2 này gồm những bài học về các chủ đề như: ask the public, laying down the law, what''s stopping you, cash,... Mời các bạn cùng xem và tham khảo.

with cD-FtoM

Ci Ask the public

A curious science

Work in pairs Use these words/phrases to talk about wotk: dead'en4 deadlines:

run-of-the-nillthigh-poweredt flexiblei perk; demanding;pay a pittance A Have

you evet had a high-powercdjob? B Yes, onesummer Iworked.-

-Reading and Vocabulary

Vocabutary words with different but retated meanings Crammar formal and informal ways of comparing

Review work expressions

quirky / kw3rki/ ddj unusual in

an atkactive and inleresting way

- - : / - r , i , / r , r , / J r ! i r _

a) Some scientists specialise in

researching quirky human behaviour

what kind of hunran behavioff in th€

picture do you tbink is betug

investtated?

b) Read e$racts A C and lnalch them

to headings l-3

2 Brcaking the rules

3 lhe poNer of lhe subconscious

c) Read the extucts ngain Tick the

true s€ntences Co ect the lalse ones

1 The ailn ofTrinkhaus! res.arch \as

to itr\estig:te the belialiour ol

2 Some o[ lh{: supennarket chcats

tound a $av of avoiding tlic ten

itens or le$'ei rule

3 rinldaus believes that s(lneD vaD

drivers drive faster thaD mcD on

a Dutch pslchologisrs carde.l out an

elperiment Lrsing protessors an.l

football hooligans

5 Both thc Dulch and r\rnedcan

research prole rhat people are hclped

by positive thiL'tking

6 The xorld! tunnies{ ioke s'as one

7 It is possible thaL certain sounds

rnake people look and feel cheertul

d) which ofthe pieces of research did

you lind the most interesting? $'hy?

-JOHN TRINIGUS, of rhe ZicklinSchool of Busin€ss, studiesordinary p€opl€ goinil abouttheir everyday lives On€ of hissp€cialities is the strdy ofdishon€st or anti-socialb€luviour In lris 25 vcan olresearch, onc group oi pcoplchas conlc to stand out asdecidediy mofe likely thanothcrs to push boundaries Thesearc not djsaffecte{] teenagerl ornoisy football supporterl Th€yare women van oDvert

TrinkhauYs linding is perhapsbert illultrated by his extensivework secretly monitoring asupenDarkett 'ten items or felcer'checkout over a period of nine

],'ears r\s lnany of us have se€nfor ourselv€s,'Iiinkhaus foundthat somc shoppcrs using thislanc oftcn had somev"hat mor€ilcms lhan lhcy should ln iheirbaslct' somc cunningly placcdtheir items in groups of len andpaid for each group separatcll

He found that a very hiShp(rportnrn ot these supermarketlane cheats sere femile vandrivers Furthermore, he hasshown that a good deal morer4'omen than men van clriversbreak the sp€ed lintt, $rhich hesuspects is becaus€ they mayhave an unconsclous need toout-do bchaviour assoclatcdrvith mcn

- 6 A

TWO RECINT studies harc suggcstcd that

'nost people are totall)" unawarc of thcir

reaso'rs lin behaving a! they do

In l99lt trro Dutch plychologirts aslicd

half a gmup ot volurrteers to c$y out

a limple rnental exercne thi't involved

imagining the minciset of a typical

university professor the other half

imagined a football hooligan All then

had to answ€r solne general knowl€d8e

qucstions Thc pcoplc ln the prof€ssor

group got l4t/o morc ans$'crs orrcct,

dcspilc thc tacr thal lhcrc llas barely any

difference in their actual lcvcl oi

Iocusing on the body rathef than lhc

min.l, relearchers at Ne*'York Unjlersjq

asked one Sroup ol volunteers to do a

nrelltal task involving w(trds relating to

old age, such lts 'wrinkl€d' and 'grq,' A

second group were shown words un.elated

to old ag€ th€ res€archers then said ihe

experim€nt \!as orer and s€cretly recordecl

th€ time each participant took to wilk

down the long hail$?y to the exit

Thosc wilh old agc on thcir nlnd took

significaDtly longcr lo walk down thc

So 1t se€nrr that if p€oplc had marglnally

more tinre tu thlnl about whal lhcy had

to clo, it would heD thc'n p€rtoml cithcr

better (r worlel) than normal at bolh

nrental and Phvsical ta1ks

Help with Grammar

Se Preview, p55.

' , , - v w ' , ure bfitrsll A s s o o a t i o n f o r , h a ^ / , , ^ - ^

) c , e n c e w e m in jed,rh or rhe;;;;;s;,-"'d(emenr or

€.kperiment Invotved

peoDt tr'-'" ',unrret ioke thF

rhei''ore5 on ro d w;b;;ie"#;:fl; ,Xil ff#;l[j,";|,,

ffifi [i::fi ilff"L-ni:: ifl:ril:;.rrr r.,"

m#fi***$#w

##-#ffi

(], FoRMALa) Look at thc highlighted {'ords/phrases h rhe extracts $hich }yords/phrases (pink or blue) indicite N) a big difference? b) a small diflereD(c?

I N F O R M A Lb) Look at the infonnal wordtphrases in bold in these statemenrs

$ihich indicate a) a l,ig difference? b) a snall difference?

u | ' , D F I : t o - o d"r D"op e

i.-Y:1g€jn loads nore tinr€ by rslnCthe io;;'.-' r;;;iilA;;t'l

- '- ' '(

I t h i n k t h e d l c k j o k e i s m i l e s f u n n i e r t h e n t h e o t h e f s

I ^"1.!",r',1, 1110 -ir "ii"yiii " " onoF,,, ,hd,

Some rlltornal phrases qirh nor ds N can shoq'bjgdiftcrenccs: Clrr.riirg in d srydlnathet lsn't hauhearlJ/ah!-^herc nedt

ds a,[l'so.idi rs dri]tr.g tu, fdsr -!j)c.dr8 rs ,r } xob

Sorne Lr orDal phrases sirh llc rrf (s can shonvery sfralldifiererces: On .gmrtt l.fcl oJ i"k]lgc,r wds pr€rt:t ucltlnore otIesVnuclr thr sanr as thc ortrcrs Th|lt ttos hardlt tlnJ Ai.lFren.t

c ) C h c c k i n pr3l

@ a) Completc these sentcnces with your olvn ide^s.

1 I earning languagcs is marginall) inore chatlcngmg

2 aft'a good dcal lasrer th.rn

3 i s s i g n i t i c a D t l ] l e s s s a f e tl a n

a is decid€dl,v nore srylisl than

5 afe soneNhat less dang€rous than

6 i s d i s L i D c t L ) L e s s h e a l t h v l h a n

7 is barely ant more exp.-nsjle thdn

b) work in pairs Compare sentences Do you agree{ith your partner's sentenccs?

a) Makc comparisons with these words/pluasesancl the adjectives in blackets Use informalwords/phrases ftom 2b)

1 teenagers/elderll people/ (selfish)Ieenaqers are way nare selfkhthan elderlypeaple

2 eating at home/ealing n a restaurant (lun)

3 gomg to l\'ork/going to school Giring)

a being nraraed/being single (goo.l for vour healrh)

s havnrg a barMuying a shotrer (relaxing)b) work in groups Say your s€ntences Do youagree? why?A\rht not?

may exprd,n why rhe,ound i;:;Jff;:,ilXl"ool#l

Help witfi Vocabulary

s o n i c r D c s o n c r \ o d c u h d \ c ( r ' r l | ) ] f l r l ) ( l i l l c | | f l ] r t i n i f g s I d D ! D l ] l

on t/lr train tr roi Jl o'rD ldr sJr n.rrrs ro lrrin ro 1) .r 1,s-\.lDlogv

S o m c r i n i c s o r l c \ \ o r d crr lrr\c d ll((fl frcrnlngs b r ( t h c m f a n i n g 5 a | 1 : fclatc.l: I l,f nfdrJ,f ifns ro.i.r) L11 |r3 t,l.l]on

ffi a) I ook at thc {ortls in bold nr A \larch then to th delidftns in B.

ihe wanted ro put on oaa socks every d.y

I t w a s o d d th a r h e d i d n l p h o n e i'lis daughter s reaLty sweet

Da* cho.olate isn t sweet enough for me

They hopped o!t of the top of her swe.t-"r

He s alrlays top of the class

Nl,llch these general nrcaDnrgs t0

t h e h i g h e s t p o n t o r p a r t in d i s t a n c e o r q u a l i t y to p r i u s r a t o r p e r t i a r

c) Look ar thcse phrascs All 1hc lyords in bold are rriated irmcaning ['b^t do vou think is the general meannrg of each group?

I a branch of a trcc; a branch ol r brrk: a branth ol scrncc

2 fccl flat: a flai piccc oI La[cl; this LeLronerlt is flat: hrrr: a break lor cotfcc: trreak r wndcur trreak Llrt hr

a plain prpcr: plain looc| a platu tacc

s h.a1y naftict a hear"l coaL: a heary slecper

d ) C h c c k p l l 2

d p ? l r , l l r n rl r ' - r r s s i r h q o r r l l r o | n 6 i , o r b o

5

\\i'ha.l snor hcrc rt Lhe wecheml

I finrl shocs mucir moLe conrlorLtble Lhrrr lrrtlsl.l prcti:r r clrfcr to r partLrncd drL

\Vhcrc ar vou itoing Lof

b) \\i'rk h piirs Think of five rnorc sentenccs usnrg Nords from 6a)

aDd 6c)

,fta

€ ; t r \ l r l , r o t o , , t l n u r r r - r r r l L r l ' r r " l l r r r 1 r ' 1 , 1 , , , r r L n ' , s

L s c i l l c s c r d c J s !r \ o u r ' n \ nlood rrrincs mNsirnnrs h)thnr! pcls oalclling

dp a) \\b* in s(rps rrlk rbo(t rhc pcopte in s .{sk foilo\\'np questions.

l'1y brothef alwiys eats erealwltholt any nr lk on lt

b) Tcll rh€ cl.rss ibo(r (he unusual behaviour I'our group discussed

l23

56ti)

Ba) rtrange or !nexpe.ted

d) charming, attractivee) the hlghest parrr) |re most sLr.cesstuL

# 4 checL lhe neaninss of thcse

{1)rds/prIrases.

l-istening af!d v$cabN.i!ary

clawl a hedge chickei wire

glamorousty patrol a stuffed toy

a p€bble wlnd up

b) lisrcD to tour lriends

lalliirg abour srr.tige behaliour

which stor) docs rhc piclure

illustratel

c) Iistcn ag.rh Complete thcs€

sunnrancs usirlg orle \\'ord

thc fairc o{ lrords nr 6a)

LraMgLr c,f 1 Lrig i,,sui ct coLpdtr)l

L h N t N L l d 1 | ] b u ! i l

But is it ethical?

write two phGses for these wordsi

sweeti odd; plain; heavyt flat.Wotk

in pairs and conpare your phrases:

A sweet coffee B a sweet smile

Vocabulary word pairs

a) Tick the phrases in bold

that you knorv Check new

phrases in tli',*:* pl32.

r a Do you walch much TVI

B Not reall)' I can take it or

2 A Do you ever buy things

online?

B Yes, on rnd off.

3 A Do Iou rhink ad canpaigns

around al the momert are

B

br€ak an ad cxmpaign?

B \ J ' , ' a r t s r r - l r ' t a c h a n d e r e r )

one is diff€rent

6 A Do you think TV adv€rtisirlg is part

and parcel of evcryday life?

e r , 1 l y ;, ' tsUr | 1 B.r ricl and rir€d

of seeing thc same ones over and

ov€r agair

7 A Can you thiDk ofa product rvhich

took off in leaps and bounds?

B Yes, the iPo.l

b) work in pairs How 'vould you reply

to A's q(estions in 1a)?

Listening

a) Look at adverts A and B Do you ldlow

them? Do )'ou like the desigr?

b) l'tii,ii ri lr,j : Listen to craham and

Lindsa)', who have a background in

advertising, talking about th€ adverts.

$hat are their opinions?

c) work in pairs Compare an$vers Do

you agee {ith Gmham and Lindsat

Vocabulary word pans Crammar position of adverbiats Review words with different but felated rneanings

Sone aft:, bul some are a bit hit and

whcn you go to lhe supernarket, do

rou always choose d1e sane brands?

No, I tend to pick and choose

Wlul do ) ou thid( can irak€ or

@ t) ii ,:it,, tot"" Graham again and choose the correct answers

1 Graham srll worksluied ro wort in advetising

2 \\tat he liked abour th€ Coca Cola adven $as he deslg, o/

the battLe/the effe.tiveness of the 4o9an

3 He thought the ddvert shouldhave mentianed/didn tneedto nentianthe name o[ the product

a He associaLed the wor.I'real' \ith being ardinarylwell being

5 He points out that the slogan'irls the reil rhing 6/6r't a coninnrn

b) i., iir:ri t-i"t"" to t-i"a"ay again and choose thc corect an$\'ers

1 I indsa) was lnpressed bI th€ iPod advert because of rLs ybualeffect/ a p p ea L to you n q pea p Le

2 She thinks iPod advers arc informative/nenorabLe

3 She thinks iPods are popular because they nake people lool

t re ndy / affer a c onve n ie nt way of lkte n i ng

a Sle has/wauLrl Like ai iPod of her oivn

5 She believes thar other a.lvertisers willlwo,'t be influenced bv GeiPod campaign

c) Work in pairs Discuss these questions

1 $rould you ever consjder a career ir narkctirlg or adyerdsing?

2 Ilyou were Io go inro adyerLisiru, woukl you pref.r io be acop)avriter or a designef

3 re young people in your counLry very image consciousl Wharare dre luusl-ha\e products or brands at the mornenrl

iir As advertisers adopt increasingly sneaky ways

iiijji; of selling their proaucts, Leo BenedictLrs charts

i#ij the rise of 'stealth' and 'buzz' marketing.

These days it's quite nomal to reqard all forms of

marketing with loathing.Afler enjoying a long, golden age

oi witty, imaginaiive commercials, the public has now

become too cynical- 0I'marketing literate'* lo be taken

in by lraditional adverlising The aveEge Ameican, for

example, is exposed to around 3,000 messages every

day s0 it is difficult for each individual message-maker to

gel noliced.

Even morc dangelous for the Juture ol traditional

advertising has been the accumulation of evidence lhat il

no longet work There was a sludy a lew years aqo which

showed that only l8% of television campaigns in the US

generated a positive return on investment, suggesling that

most TV advertising, however successful and crealive, s

Reading and Grammar

u a s bcing rdterritcdl H o $ u c ( t t J u l d o

you think the carnpaigns were?

b) Chcck the neaning ofthese words.

sndaky dnical iterate be taken in

lnnovative word-of-mduth findraising

c) Read the article What is 'stealth' and

'buzz' marketingl

d) work in pairs Discuss these

1 u/hy :r{:n't pcople as easily persuadc{]

by adYerrs as thev used to be?

2 Why may it Dot be nonh spending too

niuch on televislon coumercialsl

3 Ho\ are curtnt advertising canpalgns

.litterent fron previous oms?

a ln whal situations can indirecl

advertisjng be tolerated?

5 lD $,hat situations can iDdirect

acllerlising have rhe oppostte effecr ot

Nhat was intended?

6 h Nh?l \aa)'s has Nike succeeded in

gaiDrng goo.l publiciq' for itseln

7 whI does the writer believe thrl

adv€nising is ultimatcly not ioo

litUe more than a fun way ior a company

ls advertising?' they would say billboards, newspaper ads, cinema and so on.

However, these days every possible means of communicating a message is beinq used and experimenled with."

An extiemely innovative and witty example oJ this experimentation was al a recent whaling confetence, where a Geman animal-welfare group fitied capsules inside lhe bathrcoms, causinq the taps to gush'blood' And a New Zealand television channel found a nove way ot promoting its show ng of ihe iilm fhe lnvisible Man by etting a dog rcam lhe streets, wearing a lead wilh an invisible ownerl

'Slealth' advertisinq of this kind overcomes lhe problem of falling public interest by leaping olt ai consumers unannounced and grabbing their attention

by force Being intftrsive ls probably Jorgivable if the advedising s enterta ningly done However lf ovetused

or done badly, it somelimes antagonises people and incfeases their rcsistance t0

me messaqe,

one of the most popular ways lff a modern brand to win the consumer's heart is by performing good deeds for them, thereby genentinq positive unofficial inl0malion,0r 'buz, aboul lhe brand The company could offer extra value io ih custome$, 0r ii could perform some aci of sponsoled publc seftlce, such as lhe renovation ofa much- loved swimming pool in Brlxton in ihe UK, paid for by Evian water Byorganising laQe football and iuning evenls, Nike has also generaled pos tive word-of-mouth for ilself,

as it has wilh charitable fundrais ng, such

as ther 2005 'Stand up Speak UP' wristbands against racisfir.

lvlost people, one imagines, would prel€r

to receive a new swimming pooL than an

ad campaign out of Evian's rnarketing budget Likewise, il is probably a good thng that Nike and many othef brands now spend an incrcasing proportion of their rnoney on charity work rather than commercials Whethet one respects tlrese companies for their etforh or despises them lor try ng t0 buy one's respect is a declsion that each consumer rrrusl make for hlm or lrersell,

The whole woid has a poini oi vew lhat they hope to convince oihe6 to sharc - whether they are linancially motivated t0

do so or not, We are allfree io disagree if

we wish, And, sometimes, if we et ourselves, we may prefer to be €ve the hype Ultimately, we are the only ones who can decide what we want to believe, and what we want to buy.

Adapted lrom the 6rarda, 3o/01/07

3 annovs somebo.l) badl\

b) Work in groups Discuss these qu€stions

1 Do \'ou thnrk peotlc are manipuhled b) lhe Dcdir? \\'hV

2 ls stcalth and btrzz marhcrnrg comnron ir lour countryi Gile

2 Advrrts on billboads in thc furure sill

3 I eyLr an las.inarcd b.- car advcns, and l

a I always tolloF nc$ lashidr LrcD.ls sirll

s Thc srDlc brands elen rcrr liar,c thc mosLpopunr producrs

6 Pcoplc sill defnrilel\ losc intcrcst ]n' s l c r l t h ' a d v c n i s i n g

7 ChLldrcD often s.c producrs rhcv wani ro

b) worh in pairs CoDrl,are ansDers Do louagre€ *'ith the sentcnces? \\'h,v?n\tly norl

Put thc adverbials in brackers iD thlr €orrecrphce nr thcse s€ntences

r l I i dislike lalng to lo house\od( ((at seehends; al\ya,!s: oblrrsi!)

, 1 Nill ( do rhe run I to reisc nnnc) Iorclarir)l (irfobNbh r on sarur.la))

3 I one of mv cssars N n l I bet!!shc.l (.( d c l n i t e h i bv then] onlv)

a ^ nI car l br.aks dowl (($ithout anv Narningi rLxlovingh: oicn)

s rhat actress is ,( nrore popular rhan herbrother ( ({:\eni rlicse dals)

Choose an advertising can'rpaigr rhat vouthink is or {as very effective tr{akc notes

' tlic product bejnil rdlerLisc.lthe sr_vle.rnd conLcnL o[ thc ldsslogans or cat.LphrNses

b) Tell the cl,tss about th€ adverrisingcanpaign yo(r group chose

s lclcL ot ccrtainrl (tois ,))

6 comDlcnt olii,ush)

7 letiritc tucquenc,v fun

@ a) I ook at the adverbials h bold in the article Ilarch rhcm to

calegones | /.

2 rnne ( r / r l s s r r ! ' r f r )

r m a n n e r ( i , t f L!.ll)

a i n d e h n l t c l f e q l L e n c ) ( t l n J

Nor all adlei-bjals hale onc lixcd positiD in a lause or

scnlcncc.If)ou arc unsurc, Lhcs g€neral gu chres nray heh )oLr

Front comnlenl: S&'?risirgb il Dor[i.]

level of cerldtu(y: MdJbcrh (nurrign triil su c l

l4id (soLlc) indcfinite frequnry: slr.i dh'a)6 righr

(nDc) level of c.rtainty, H.'ll d.fnit€b $i,

End maurer: thr1 norft lrard

place: sl,ii at tfte olf@

tim.: I ht tltlrtft (atnt ott a y@( 'go

definit€ frcquency: rrl ro.ro.rsc €r 'l la

indefinitc frequency ($itl long a.llcrbials): I wo,[ (l

ho,, fl€,:y so oJren

whcrt there arc sevcnl a.herbials at thc erd of thc cLeusc, the

usual order is Dranncr, place ri.re: -sh sdng l'lrdurilull! tr l,r

FOCU5ING ADVERBIAL5

FocLrsing adrefbials cone bclor Lhc r orcVplirasc {c wanr

b) How docs the position of the focusi4 acherbial in botd in

these senten(es change the meaning?

1 a ) Jan rnd I only $orkcd or the Vcrlkswagen r d v r r t

b) Onlyjan ancl I woll<ed on rhc Volks\lrgcn a.iverr

2 a) Jo.ls becn cvcrv\,hcrc Hr'-s even beco 1o Tong

b) Nlorc peoplc arc going Io Tongr Eyenlocs bcen Gcrc

c) Check in p l 3 4

- submissions must be ii E.g sh.

We don't pay for your slories, but we do atrafgefor them to be recorded by profe$iona acto6 Stories nrlst be lict ona and work wel on radio

complctc scntences l-7 *ith the

conclt fi)rm ol onc ol the \erbs

caJ€ig Leap up grab storm out

nudge hiss drag

r KiFri Lrr(d ro eajqlc Janres inro

the gaps in these noles

pa(sps, rhythm ad drress ro^9e of lively ru*d.s (e.9 , ad{ec1ives, vorl the o\d the

) b@ldup +he (perhops uuke ,1 nore scarl y hold sudrhng

"f "".e "s yoatelllke drory gtve d a lloqr 1o n^al.e swe 1[e lidr?rc/ e^loys i+

b) lvhat do you think d lrrisr i,1 lh t.dl Drcansl

d J a ) r l r i r r t , ' l a - r o n r l , a r \ o u s o u l d li k r o r l l R ( , H ' n l f l r - r n n

t t , , ( r r /lv' t'c ur rr, , dor, or r iul( | c rhc id(d\ !'r ),r,r $ n.

a n ' n b a D a s s u r g a n r u s i n g s i r L r r U o n \ o u ! b c e n in

e meerilg or rclaiionship Lh.I chrngcd )our Litc

a Nondcrlul or clisasrroLrs hdidNy

e parr\ or cclebrarion \ou yc rLlended

e m c n o r v l r o n lorLr clrildhoodb) Plan your stor}., using Iolnr N,lcRaet tips ftom ?a) Nlakc rores,bur dont write rhc *fulc stonr

Real World

\Vc c.n usc thesc tcchniques io add irncrcsl lo a slor):

b) \\orh iD pairs Put thc scDtenccs

in the order they happcned Givc

norc infonnation about cach

Short, dramatic 5entences

Descriptive Language

A mixture of direct and indirect speech ldiomatic language

A personaI comment

at the end

t was 'l98Z.Ihen nry llck changed

A range of verb forms lt took me a fuLl ten m nutes to realise where

I was f,le t t me share presentation? Do reatly look the sort of peron who wo!la buy

me, I thought she rnust be lookinq at

someone behind tue The she smiled aqain

and beckoned to me I cringe to recal how I

literally pointed to mysef a.d mouthed "Me?"

She laughed and nodded ply stomach

.see yo! later ldds," I whispered to my

mates "Yolrs l.u y has other fish to fry."

I knew they'd look to see where I was going,

but r€sisted the urge to turn rolnd and g oat

when I reached Kirsti I led her over to a

quiet corn€r of the club and we chatted I

kept talklng too qu ckly and sayinq st!pid

things, K rsti didn't seem to notice, thouqh

she seemed to be hanqinq on my every

word, After the host bllssf!l4s min!tes,

Klrsti had to 9o, I was just pluck nq !p the

courage to ask to see her agal when she

suggested meeting up ror a bite to eat the

folowing evening a local restaurant at

8 p m ? D o n ' t b e a s n g l e ff i n L t e L a t e , " s h e

pouted, As ifl I was outslde the estalrant on

rhe dot of elght A big burly ffan eyed me

a s h a r e l n a h o t d a y h o m e ? lVy stomach somersaultei.

prot€ned, blt she frowned, shoo ng me atong "There! no t me "

A big bl]ny man eyed me.

T i m e - s h a r e s c a m s a r e a thing o f t h e p a s t thes€ days a bit of a shame, really.

c) \\brk in pairs Tal€ ttrrns to practise tcllilrg ).our stodes.

d) $brk in groups and tell ]our stories Is thcrc one vou all preferl Writing Fxtension

a) \\tite ).our stor,v as ifyou *'ere going to submit it to sho(storl'radio.com.

b) Rcad other students stories.

Looh at the song Chd-strg C.ll-s on p107

Follow the inslrucrions

Aaapted lran The Ttnes 02/OslA4

6 Review Language

a) Look at thes€ pairs ol sent€nces

Do they have the same ntaning? lt

not, {hat is G€ difiererce?

r a) \kitiDg in Englisli is deciclcdl)

hardcr th.rn speaking il

b) \tidng itr Inglish is

sonc$luL hlrclcr Lhan

spealting iI

2 a) Organic lood is signilicantL)

nDrc erpensile fian non

b) Orgdnic lood is barely an,v

more erPenstte thar non

3 a) Ha\1ng a cat is narginallv

easicr than heviDg a dog

b) llaving a c.]r is disLiLrcll-v easier

rhan haring a dog

a a) lheme parks arc wa) tu)rc

lun than museutns

b) lheme parks dLe loads nDrc

fun Lhan ntuscums

s a) lidvclling b]'plane isnt luLI

as stressful as driling

b) rralelling b) plane is milcs

more srrcssful than driving

6 a) Exting ar hone cos(s much

the sanre as €alLn8, our

b) Ealng ar honr cosls pretq

nuch dre same ,s erliDg out

b) Change scntences I 6 so that

they are tme tor ,vou

tthinkwriting in Fnglish is nuch the

sarr'e as speaking it.They'rc bath

hard indiffercntways

c) work nr pairs lakc t rns to

sny your seDtences Isk follo\\'

Fill in the gaps nith a *'ord which

can be used in both selrtences Yotr

may need to changc the fonn of

r a) I rcall) lil<e Louis€, she is so

5!v!el and fneD.llv

b) I can'i drink i.a with slrgar

ir.s much too 5W!e!

paper lor ihe

Sorryr l Yc been at the TownHall to sce lvlonica! show

I rliought she brilliaDtlyperlormed, especiall) gi!en rhelack ol rehearsal tiDc The onl)problen js we had a po\cr culUnlortunately, oft€n Lhathappens I doD t kno\r $hIAre lou gomg to see dlc sho$,]

\ts I'11 So probably rnd sce 1tncxr Thursday il I can gc1

2 u )

3 4

b)

s a) Whlch otlinguistics inl€rests you mostlb) The compaDy I work tor

Fill in the gaps with these words.

indefinite lrequency; level of certaintl conmentl manner.

Fill in the misstug vowcls ilt these verbs used for dramatic

I can qive my views and respond 10 op nions

on advertising and marketing lcan work outthe meanings of words and phrases from context.

I can iolow established conveniions to tell

a peBona anecoorc.

b) n'llnt do you need to study Ngain?

I an sick and - oldris drcrdful rveathcr

Accurate Writing

coNNECT|NG WORDS: PUTPOSe;

puNcTUATtoN: coLons and semi colons

fick the conect sentcD{es Then correct t}c robraKes

m p l l 5

1 T]re colo6 necd to bc boldef so as ro makc rhe

desiiln sLand our

2 In order thc canpaigD ro b{: I succcss, rve nrust

increasc our budget

r \ o t h a t \ , , J m r ' , r o , r l l , , , , J , t r r, l

your ideas by ttmorow

a I l ' l " 1 " , I r ' r , i r ' ! o s o r S i r o

5 I'll send )ou sone possible slogans ir ord€r you

6 \\rc lure done resear.h (o sce which adverts are

tnc nosr Popurar

@ cororro"ors, ,esc ron",

poinLs for speeding.

3 lf you lost your

a It youtt hadnl gone firough that red lighr,

a) Match a conditional clause in A to a main clause

i n B pr37.

1 lfyou do nore rhan -\ a) rhe police wouldnl 50kph along this road \ have sropped you.

2 II you get any more \ b) you gct caughr by

0 you'd probably lose

y o u f j o b d) Iou'll be balned lrom driving.

@ P.*;;::ffii,i1.j, """,** *nn ^ ,"" "'

There arc threc soLutirrts, s'e could gcr aD olcrclraJi

sell lhe conrp.riy or close ir clown

I began lo gcr r bit ncrvo s ro caltll olyseif do\an I

nudc n,)self.r drnk

The meelng $i]l be hcld in ile librarlt rlie Board

Roonr is being decorated

I Lrsed 1o livr iD FraD.e, I nr no\r based iD Tokyo

V r l J r , 1 , , n e i n n l , p r J l l , - l , i n g r r r n u

a) Rcad this extract from a srudenr's \r'ork Corrcct the

undcrlined connecting words ofpurposc Us.

words/phrases from 1.

b) Replace th€ asterislG (") with a colon ( : ) or a

sa\y Ls q v,.r'4 {quoL.s brq^d lney

A ( a 1 v ' ? o , / q r - - 1 , at -l-clt-.q q a a 4 \ "

aqM?rqs, pl,atL?s, DV, reaor.l?ri, ?ta.

I r<a,zube.r axe of titetr cqupqLqtl"s q

€, q.qrs q.l,* it r,.,qs ,'\ ara?r"lqL.l"ch.

q n<.a cqueiq pl^,o*< fl,< catup{!ry LLr?.d

qctors ,r,pader thror.qh us cities-*

tl"e.q hcd {" pre.tend to be toarists

d - , q h - l p o s \ - r s - b 1 t o 1 q l - t ^ - "

pl,.lo, 'so to hav< qN ixcns to sl,oa

ll.ew tlLe cqw<:rq ire qctors then

r?Lctttue\d?d ' Ik zir' xeu cqu<.rq lnqt

u,qs [,te* tke probl<u uas tl,+l: sow

c ) M r c h {ntencc ll in la) ro rhc\c meaning5: a) an nnaginary situation in &e pasr

b) an event/sitlrarion thar is a general rrurvlacr c) an unlikely or nnagnrary siruarion in rhe pr€senr or d) a possible,4ikely future resulr

d) Fill in the gaps with a zero, Iirsr, second or rhird conditional form of rhe verbs in brack€ts.

Cet your coar I[we leaye nova s-e'l] srill be rhere

in pleDty of tin1e lor the nexl show: (leave)Dont n'orry -just follow my insrruciions It youswitch olf the computer and ften start ir up again ir ,I pronise (work)

I knonr tour parenls wonl ler you, bur ifyor couldhave an,v pet ir the world, what ?

lfl - rhat newspaper articl€, I wouldnl haverealised he was ativel (nor see)

D r l | o r S e r b o u r r h a \ nl"nr I nl - \ou them properly, they die (look afrer)

@ ressrvr ronvs

2356

a

Make passive sentences srarring with the correct lbnn of the words tu bold (you may need to change the pronoun) p 1 3 8

His conpany olten sends him abroad

He is often sent abroad by hisconpany

People ar€ blaning hinr for rhe current problems.Charles Dickens wrore Bleafr Ilour€

My leachd was always encouraging me ro write.Someone has stolen my car

The kids had lefr all th€ foodThey are going to announce.he results soon.Someone should rell my morher

They could have invitecl Frcd

Preview 7

7 Laying down the law

Getting away with it

Write three sentences about yoursetf using four of these adverbials:

last year; to Areecet fast, usually', evety Monday, prcbably Wofk in

pairs.Take turn5 to say your sentences:/wasmaPlay lastyear'

Reading and Vocabulary

@ a) Luok at the ph.rt,\ of inmarcs

w o r k ' n g , n a n o p c n rrrson.

ln what ways do you think'operr'

and 'closed' pnsons are diff€rent?

b) check the neaninss of

rehabilit;tion tendcattle

orgnic cr6ps accissible a citizen

c) Read the articl€ Why is Bastoey

'a]'fry

difermt route to reltabilitationl

d) Read the article again what does

th€ article say about these things?

r lvhere BasLoe) prison is situated

and vhat the lanclscape is like

2 the lejsure opporluniti.s th€re

3 the kind ofjobs done bv pdsoners

a prjsoners acconmodanon

s \isits lo and froN ihe p son

6 the cost ofmlnaging the pdsotl

e) LooL at th€ wordvphrases in bold

in thc alticle Match pairs of near

q.nonlns mhabitants, /esiderts

t) Do you agree with these quotes

from the a icle? whyl/$/hy not?

1 The biggesl nristake thal our

societi€s havc ma.le is to believe

that you must punish lud to

changc pflsoners

2 The big closed prisoDs afti criminaL

3 lfyou tre.u people bad\t the), will

4 lcology is a greal tool because it

shovs thal whal se clo has an

jmpact on th€ luture Crir nals

olien do nol think belore acling

t's a summer day on Bastoeylsland, and MagDe Rmstad ismaking the most of it LyinS on hisback in his shorls, the 38-year oldNoMegian is sun}arhing Around him

is lush woodland, bngh!]y colouredhouses and the sparkling waters of theOslo fjod" For a prison, it's an idyllic

tradjtional, rep.essive pdsons do notwork "The biggest mistake that ourso.ieties have made is to believe lhatyou must puish hard io changeprisoners," explains Bastoey'sgoveFor oeyvind Alnaes "But rhe bigclosed prisons are cdminal schools tfyou lreat people badly, they willbehave baily Anyone can be a citizen

if we treat them well, respect them andgive theD challenges."

Bastoey's philosophy is thatindividuals wili stop their cdminalbehaviour if ihey develop a sense ofresponsibility The way to achiwe that

is io take care of the naturc aroundihem; in the stables, for insrance, eachperson is responsible for a horse or a

"Ecology is a great tool," addsAlnaes, "be.ause it shows that what

we do has an impact on the future.criminats oiten do not tlink beforeThe staff at Bastoey also runcou$es designed to challengeprisonerJ behavlou and lbrce them toconfronr what rhey have done Security

is delilemtely kept low so there arefewer employees, which males thelrison cheaper to run than a closedWbat sets Bastoey apart ftom otheropen prisons is its emlhasis onecology as a tool for rchabilitation,and some campaigners wouldweicome more lile il "This innovativeNoNegian model promotes whatmost ciminal justi.e refomers l<now

to work a requirement thatoffenders tale responsibillty for theirlives dd work had to pay for whatthey've done, in an environment thar issnall scale and fmm which familycontact ca be Daintained

't rd = a narrow area oi sea belw€en li/o clifls

Adapledftan lne Guatdian 261a7106

Vocabulary phrases with get Crammar conditionals: non- Review position of adverbials

It's a hard life !

"This place is unbelievable," saysRamstad, who is seFing a six yearsentence tor dng smuSSling 'At iheprrson I was at before this one, wewere locked up in ou cells 23 hou$ a

on the ole square mile islud, thetls inmates, who include murderersand fraldsiers, enjoy activities noiusually associated with ja Insummer they can improve rheir tennis,

de a ho$e in the forest dd hit thebeach for a swint In winter thcy can

go cross country skiing

But filst the inhalitats rust work

As the island is a fam, there are cattle

to tend and orgmic crops to growPrisoners have access lo tools such asarcs, LDives and saws; rhey cut treesinto timher and restore the woode

houses dotted around the island

AiteMards, residents returtr tocomfortable houses shared betweenfour and st peolie As Bastoey is anopen prison, family menlbers cancome at the weekerds; the island isaccessible via a shorl twice daily ferrydde.Inmates.an also leave BastoeY toA11 convicts must begin theirsenten.es in a traditional, closedpfson, from where ihey apply to live

at Bastoey The prison selectsindividuals on ihe basis of whetherthey wanl lo iun their lives around

Bastoey is based on the idea that

V0cabulary Phrases with gef Listening and fframnnar

@ oNlatch phras€s I 7 to a)-g) Check

Loss lud be(n getting at hLm untairl.-

Ullike o\ licuds, I \e rLcvcr gor irto

2 I loF do f rif rinals olicu gi\c Lh.nsches a$,?) l

c) LiskD n) thc ffIst part of a radtu intcrric\r {idr a scicncejonrnalist Which crnnes does she t,rlk abourl $hat usually lcads Lothe crhnuL henrg arrested?

d) Listen again Fill in thc gaps in these

note.-r \\'h.note.-r bnote.-rcaltng inio a house lnote.-rv noL to bnote.-reak an,note.-r'] or scLarcli

2 \\'c!r r and a to l\od lL.vLng pdlrs, bur nrale sufcthcr'rc not nude of 1

3 l t p o s s i t r L c N c a r k n h s m a d e o u t o f 6 m e t c r i i l s u c l r is 7

i \ \ , t , , t J q r t u , u r 3

s Dont bc tcmftcd to e lhe slolen goods

nnrnedirrel,-a) Check the ncanirrg of these words $4rat crime clo yo( thnrk Zoa

is going to talk about?

an alibi a maggot a fly a weapon a distingu shlng markpoison an icicle a plddLe of water

b) Listcn to the sccond part of rhe inrcryic*: Wcrc you corrccllc) Listen to the secoDd part again nnd ans\'!er these qucsriorrs

r \\:lnL pcrsooalit) tfiits do Dunl killers hrlL n ornnonl

2 \\t! crr dre lgc of r rni$tot be rseJirl to ld.nsic s.icntisisr

3 Ho$ cau llies bc uscfuL cli.lcncc for lo.flrsic scre listsl

a Whil is llrr disad!aDtrgc of using toisonl

s wh.{ do ) ou hN\c Lo (Lo if lou keep )onr $eirpolrl

6 \\rhrtr $oukl thc prrfect ilcaton be, a ording 1|] Zoc? \\,h\'ld) Can you think ofany recent murdcr cascs in rvhich forensicc\idcn(e played a part in con\iclirg thc killcr?

Help with Grammar

See Preview, p65.

- \Vc can use a laricty ol verb lonns in con.lilioMl

serrences not oD\' dose Lrsed in rhe tour basic'

f l a t L " l t o r , c n t c " ( 5 l - 1 I i n ' l d \ r r i r r i o r o l r

tg-

z e r ' t o n d i r i o n a l , r l I r c o n r l i r i o n a l , d c ( o n d

conditional ard a third conditional

r lf).ou'rc gojng ro commit a burglrryi loull

havc to bc careful nhat yo! seaL trst

candhional

2 ODe burglar would hare got a\ay $,ilh iI

' " r r p l t l l , " l r \ ' ' n ' { r r r r "

3 lf I $erc coLrinilinrg a burglarli ld be beller

off wcrring gloves

a lfa pcEon doesnl vant m Learc torcnsLc

e\.i.leDcc Lhe) slould trst sli.lc throllgh a

MIXED CONDITIONALS

b) Compare these pairs ofsentences Then

aDswer questions i) ir)

1 a) lt tlic lddnrpper hadn't lick€d thal

cnvclope he rvouldn't b€ in prison now

b) lt dic kdn.rpper ha.ln't lick€d rhal

' ' ' " p h w o u l d n r h a \ e g o n e

2 a) lt thc) weren't sucil goo.l actors mosl oi

thcm would have been forrd ou( much

b) lt thc) hadn't becn such goo.l acLors,

most oI rhen would have l'.e[ found out

nuch errlier

i) Arc all the scnicnces rcferring Lo rcal or

inagirlrry sirualions?

ii) ts each clausc reiering to pasL or presenl

Choose the correct verb form in these conditional sentcnces Sometines both ar€ possible.

The,v woul.hi t havc caught Lhe burglar il he hadnl

d ra p p ed / b ee n,l ro p p in g hts \\ ^IIe t

lf rhe poli.e were hoprrglhoped to nrake in arrest r re)

\aould need to Lo il nowIl.'or're going ta boffow/ bonowrq Lhe car, can IoLrremernbcr to gcl ir*uraLlcei

tl \on te naking/ LI make rhosc cakcs )olr need a specialrbu must Lcr nic kDo$ Ll !ou'11/ re qolrq lo need a lilr

Il I d kno\iai $harwasgo;ng folr.rould hapLren, I nighL halc

5

@ a) change these sentences usnrg mixcd conditn)nal lbrms.

r I vr onl) goi rhis car becausc I rook our a h ge bank loan

lf I hadn't taken out a huge bank loan, I wouLln't have this

car-2 \\'t nissed a lcsson, $,hich is wh,v Ne dont understandNlut Lhe tcrcher! saying

3 I onl) agrced lo go to lhe club becluse l'r.d lvorks there, r " J m ) l l - o a ' l i r ! r r h ' n i iouniament Loda) instcad of mc

s M\' brothef loles $orking \aith \.oung people, r'hich isNh\ hc bcc.tme a tcacher

6 Jcss is reall) laz) and so s|c |as slill no( linished her

7 Ydt.Lnldt Lakc nty adlice $,lich is wh)'$.ere no\v so larclb) work in pairs l)iscuss th$e qucstions Ask lbtlortp

r Il )ou could hale ihc hst ter years ol )onr lili orer again,'vhat wolrld tou havc done dillerentL)l

2 It )ou could choose, $.har special talent s1)ul.l _\'ou likc toha!e been born $iihl

3 lt you wcre able Lo go bacl< ur a time rnachire, vhichpcriod d histor) woulcl -vou hale llked to live in?

work fi pairs- what arc the advantages and disadvantages ot open and closed prisons? Use these ideas or your own.

Open prisons try to educate peaple not to re offen.J but they can be diflicuLtand expensive to run.

CLosed prisons arc often popularwith the general public because it s felt that prisoners should be severely punished for theircrines, but they don t help to change pisoners' behaviour.

i i )

iu)

c) Checl in p 1 3 7

which scnlences are \nirc.L coLldttiolalsl

wh,v arc the) called that?

what is tLe dlllercnce jn ncaning bet\reen

fie basic and rnixcd condition.l sentcnces

\Vork in groups Group ,^

Follo'r' the instrxctions.

p 1 0 8 G r o u p B ' p l r r

ffi Every step you take

Q U I C K R E V I E W .

Complete these conditional sentences about yout life,lf I hadn't ,l'd now ; lf I

werc better at ,I night have Work in pairs and take turns to say your sentences.

Helo with Vocabularv

rlrrasrl nouro arc compound noLrns tomc.l trcm lerbsand, ParticLc (a prelosirion or adrenr)

rd#" %

a) Look at the phrasal noum ir rcd nr hcadlinesA-D What v€rbs and parlicles ar€ rlxrv nade up oF, , \\:hen phras.l nouns begii Nirh a panicl

rhcv h!v{: no htphcn (orll( ' .1,!'n]rorr ,rprt)when phr1rlal Lroutu bcrin sirh a \,crb rhq Lna) or nn!nol ha\e a h)phen (iri.A ,1 bklldorn gft,rogcr,ro).Nor all phrasrl \crbs can bc ma.le nrro ffrasal nouns:l'h.| pril.d.lolir rno,rrrsrs not +lr*-ros a p*ICr*+rf

, Some plrfasIrl routu arc nude rp of Lhe saLuc norils

as fhrisrl ycrbs but halc difcrcnr nrfanrngs: lh inraft.(enrolmeLr0 or /hirr."r,1 irds o!., I00 Hf sr',i' !)JdrrI.dirl.,rl t(f.d il in (uldersrand and ft'mcmbcr)

b ) l o o L a g a i n , r r h c p l , , J \ J l n , , u n \ i, , I ' c a d l i n ( \

A D which phrasal nours rercrse the order of theverb and thc particle? which oncs cant be madeinto a plfasal verb with the s^mc rn€aning?

c) \\lrlch phrasal nouns in hcadhrcs A I) are

heavy min beginning of the footbaLl matchcontrlbutlon iunrber of peopte who are acceptedforecast informatgather ng delay caused by a probrem

Kick offal \\tl blc) $iLL bc ar l p mThcre has been r setback in |lans ro ban junk lood

l l , o u t l o o t l " r , 1 , 1 r '

\bu inpul ro tllat ne.ting $as rnuch apprcciarcd

\vc slcltered under trees.luring rhe downpoursNI\ farcnls arc haying a g€t-togeihei Nilh lriendsThe Lrni\ersit\ lns rcsrictcd lts intake to rhosc \!idrgood grirdes

d) chcck in p 1 3 6 Listening and Vocabulary

topics bctn an issue nr )our (olllrtry?

b) Listen to Stcf^no lioDr lial)' Hilnud

1 , , , , , , , , | ,,,.',,) r r r J lurr ru tr,,m Pnl.nd gi\ "'g

thcir otnriorrs about horv much thr: statr: should

intencnc nr peotlc'.s lives Which topic from

thc headlines is lot discussed?

c) Listcn agah In shich arcas do thc spcakers feeJ

rhat stale intcr\cDtiiD islisn tjustifiecll \\'hy?

\Vork in pairs Discuss she(her the government

h o u l J g.r rn'ol',J in InnI.r\.I.h a rhc\'.

t smokng Ln public phces

2 L r v r r o n L l r c n L r L t s s u c s

3 clationships and nrrfia!e

+ Lhc foorL pcoplc caL

35

plans to charge l

w''"- -4"

Reading and Grammar

a) Check thc Dreadng of thesr

biomet c data an iis trbcklng tagging

transmit a mlcrochlp an implant

b) Work h pairs Look at the piclurrs ln

which places do orgaDis.ttions olten watch

peoplc\ moYemcrrts? ${ryl

c) Read th€ arti(lc aDd check your ideas

s 1l you \,!luc _\'our tdqqt it is bcltcr lo p!,t

cl|sh lor public rransport

6 h ccrlrjn colntries Dobile phcucs

o u L l ' u m D e r P c o p r e

/ ,{n) orgrnis.trio ]s ilLolvcd to lisLrn to )our

mobilc dronc conversalnnb.t.r) tLlnc

s ] L is k l l o N n l h a r ( i ( - l v c a m c L r s h a v c b e e n

uscd to chcck tp on cnployecs

e) $ofk in goups Discuss these questions

r H,rre )ou cxpc.icnccd rriy ol the tr^cknig'

2 Do )ou lecl tliat a goyrrnnrenl js jr$rificd

i n r r l c k i n g ] ] c o p l c o r L s i t a t \ r n a c c c f r a b l c

i n r r L r s i o n l \ \ i h ) l / \ \ h ) n o t ?

3 H o q n r u c h h a s L h r s i t L r a r i o n c h a n g c d i n

!oLrr countr_\ siDcc this ltrticle \\as {rilr.n?

** Sinrply by going onllne, you can give away niorrnaton aboul every,lhing irom your policalbeliefs lo your buying habits Tags, or'cook es', record the websites you've vsiled, so anyone who can read your cookies can flnd oul about your Inlernel activities, nol just your seruice prcvlder

RFlDlags (Radio Frcquency ldentfcation tags) - I ny rad o-transm tling micrcchips - a€ getting sma ler and cheaper alllhe time lt seems thal they wl soon become the norrn on a I food packag ng and clothestthis willalow relaiels notonlylo keep track of what s being stolen bul when slock s runnrng ou/ Howeve! as wel as being used in shops and on everyday objecls such as crcdll cads.lickets and keys, RFID lags are now also being offeed as implants For example, a tag can be mplanted in cub mernbers arms acling as a secuily pass and allowing access lothe barwilhoutthe need lor cash Theae also appear

to b€ many hospilals using them as liny denlily cafds for patients.

Buy ng pre-paid 'si,ari' lravel cards which conia n a m crochlp means ihal you can

be tracked across a clywhen you go by undeqroundand on the bus And rn some big clies such as London lhere is a charge fof traffic enter ng the cty dwng busy periods Th s tax is often enforced with the a d of a neMork of camerds, wh ch records the number plates of everyone enlering the congestion zone".

nputtng a pesonal identilicat on nLrnrber (PlN) into a cashpo nl may be the easiesl way of gelting yourhandson youa hard-eamed cash, bufwhileyou are walllng foryourmoney to appeat yourideniity and with it a lthe informaUon aboLl you on recod, is closely examned Your wilhdrawa is aso recorded and fled And ll is clajmed thal even your financia records can be accessed lf there ls

a justifiable cause There are noweslimated lo be morc mobie phones lhan peope in rnany counlries As soon as you activateyour signalby using lhe phone, any organisalion wilh lhe apprcpriaie techno ogy - for nsiance, a caf breakdown seryice can accuralely ocate you wiihin seconds With lhe co-operalion ol the phone company, il is poss ble to islen in on people s conversaiions.In addton, each mobie has an internalionalidentificalion numbef transmitled wh€nev€flhe pnone s 0n

ccTV cameras ae known to operate in more and more buildings, both publc and pfivale Worke6 at a hotel in Boston ir lhe LJS took egal aclion against their employels after finding a uny c€mera obseruing lhem frcm one of lhe r ockers, and

at leasl one school in lhe LJKis known to have nsta led cameEs n pupils'toiets.

Adapled from 88C Focls Llagazire Autlmn 2006

"congestonzone:arareawilhalotoltafc, n which molorlsls oflen ha@ Io pay a tax

t, R:Tnle drcse.sentences sta(ing

1 We believe that milliore ofcommuters avoided paying drecongesroi durge lasr ,\'ear.Millions of conmute6 arc believed

to have a\oided paying the

co n gesti o n ch arg e Ia st ye a r

2 It appears that mosl p€opl€ inthis county are against theintroductor of lD cards

3 It is estinuted that 75% of p€oplchave al least one store card

6 ft seens that seo€r monitoring

of chillro has becomeacceptable in sone schools

p u*tt' -.*t t rmof the lerbs in Use these passiv€ report structures:

if + passive + thdt dause;

subject + passive + infinitive with lo.

1 House prices have tallen by 8%.

see Pr€view, p65.

.! We use imperconal report structures when we want to disbnce ouEelves

fton intormadon which is not necessarily our opjnion They ?re comnonly

found in rcporLs and newspaper ardcles.

,@ *tto*t,"" *'t" t"t oott'u,

a) Look at these sentences Then complete the rules with thdt, or

inJinitive ]l,ith b.

It is claimed that even your financial rccords can be accessed.

CCTV canens are known to operate in nore and norc buildings.

There arc now estimated to be nore mobile phones than peopLe in many

To make lmpersonal report structures ve.an use:

23

@ work in groups croup A +

The airpon srike is attectirlg rhousands ot l'roliday flights (believe)

a i l + p a s s i v e + + c l a u s e

s subject (CcTv.am.rff) + passn e +

e tl1e/e + passrve +

iii:5i o We can use a variet)' of infinitive forms with impersonal report

str uctures: si€ is known io hcie srynt Jbc |n6 in India He is rumaured

to be resign'n,g el., month

* We ofien use rhese verbs ro repori with the passn'e: ll:lin dll.ge,

\timate, belie\e, Lhi nk, Ie.tr, rutnow, expect i repott undcrst.tnA

REPORTING WTH SEfM AND APPEAR

b ) l o o k a t t h e * c n t c n c c s T h c n c h o o c lh € c o n € c l $ u ' d ( \ \ " ' r h c r u l (

It seems tha the)'will soon become the nomr.

Opinion appears to be di\ndecl.

There also appear to be many hospitals using rhem.

The verbs se.m and dpp.ar arelare,of used in the passive.

I

2

3

Not guilty!

Write sentences using phrasal nouns made from these PhrasaI verbs:poar

down',brcakdown;set backi get together.Wotk in pairs Take turns to say your

sentencesr lhe matcl, lta s cancelled after a heavy downPour.

a) Look at these paiE of scntences which

words/phrases in bold has a literal meaning

(L)? which has a nonliteral meaning (NL)?

what are the nonliteral meann1gsl Check in

3r"-i:'i p I 36.

r a) I grile.l the meal for five minutes I

b) The poLice grilled him for hourc aboul

wh.ri he'd done that nighr Nl

z a) $t got a warm welcome ftom my cousin

b) The pizza wasnl warm eDough so I put

it in rhe niicrowave

Vocabutary metaphors Reatworld functions and intonation of questions

R e v i e w p h n s a l n o u n s

b)

b)

The lorecasl $.arns a sevcre storm is on

The police stormed thc building and

rescued the hosGges

The narket is flood€d rvith cheap

b) lfit rains an) nore, the roads will soon

be flooded

5 a) lt was such a bdght day I needed ny

b) Hels a rcall) bright La.l I canl believe

he'd tum 1o crinre

6 a) I have Lo get up at dam to drive to

b) lt suddenly dame.l on the inspector

who the suspect night be

wli€n I sai! the burglar I froze and

Ir vas so cold ihat the lahe frozc

\,1) prftrnts ncw io Brazil lasl $.eek

The crlne novel vas so excning, the

e a) \'ick) is a good choice lor theiob becausc

shc doesnt clack under pressure.

b) 1 suddenl)' noticed the large crack in

thc ceihng.

b) r,\'rite five sentences about your lile Use

netaphors from 1a).

c) Work in pairs Take turns to say your

sentences Ask follow-up questions.

(;eorge $ orks as aGeorge hrtl the monev under rhe

I,like lett En1n1a's house to get a

He lvas scen b) his at about 8.20

Mike toLd the police he satched a on TV

Listening and Speaking

@ a) Look at ttre picture what is happeningl

3 George usurll,,- goes out rt about

563

on Fri.ta,v elenings

George had hldden poun.Ls

10 Nlike hasnl gor much mone,v because hel

11 ii-, il l risrn to this extract ftom a pla)l wlq' is Mihe a suspect? wtu( crime is he alleged to have comnitted?

c) Listen again Fill in the gaps with one or two words.

I

7C Rea Wodcl

@ rr r,"' ao 'r'.- pr,rr.c tro,n 'h, r\,'J(' mca,,)

I ir rll strikes me a5 yerl odd

2 liring fighl on your doorsi€p

I \ve rc notjoined at th€ hip

a $e we(ent borD y€st€rday

5 I losl lrack of$,haL was haplening

5 rLrsl h.r\c hit you hard, Ll,sing \'ouriob

Real World

llrlo| ion pducrrs iD Enghsh arc lariccl an.l cornplicNrcd

Ho\cvcr tbe toLl,r'i,rg guidehrcs n,a! bc he\rtuI

b) Listen 1() the ques )ns again and choosr the correcr

1 fftnq/falling raia \rl1en asking qucsrions Lo tnd our n.w

2 r nsing/falling r.ne $1L n checlifg i|lornution {c thnrk

is ight

3 a $ing/faLLing rone i qlrenion tags whrn rrc c\pcct thc

listcner to onfirnr rlui $e are fighL

Wc sonrctunes h!\'c.liflere'rL reascus lor asknrg.LucstnDs othcr thln requesting fc$ or chcckiD! olcl

nrlorDrition Sonr.rirncs tro rep ) is exp.ctcd ald a lalling

lntonntion is Lrs l

c) Lislen Lo questnDs I 4 aDd match then 11)

lunclions ,t)-d)

r Couid lvc i st 1to orcr

this onc nFre rinel

r A I helcn\ got rLr) nonc,! on nrc

B \ \ h ! s h o l r l d I a h v a v s d o i r l

a A t h a n k g o o d n c s s i r ! e r r i l c d a r l a s r t

s a I hcld liom T.rri lasr night

B (lh so shc linalLy dcciclccl ro phonc,

6 A I belnr' ll)0 peoplc are oD i rg ro rhc

B Are rou su.e i

7 a 1 ne.cL sorr( mcDc):

B (lh )olr d., do )oulb) Look at R7.7, p 156 Listen again andnotice the senlcDcc stress and inronation.c) \\brk in pairs Listcn again and practisercading the e-\ch.Dgcs

$brk in pairs Studeit A fbllo\y theifftructions below Sludcnt R pl15

r Student A \\iorlt on !ou o$u You are t

p o l i c c o l l i c c r \ o u a r e g o i n g r o r r c n i e l tEnnn! lo see i[ hcr storv contrrdicrs

\ ' l i k c s r h u r h o f L u c s r i o n s u s i l g d r a r i c r )

oi qucslion Lvpes mcl ling qucsridr rags

if l,.r.rl] Ldd bccn expccrjng Nliltc ro

go round Lhat cvcnnrgwhcilef tris bchaliour seened norntal

$.h) she d r'L go orlr wirh Lin n) helc

hoq lorg h tmk to ger back \'rth his

\rh.r rLe) di.l Fhen h.- goL brcltrvhen he left ro go homervhere he got his phone frorn

\\brk \!jlh lour partner lslt Emnu the

q u e s n o n s r ) o r e a n 1 a n , r o r \ o u r o \ t n Nlakc notcs Does anlthing EDrru sals.onrradicl lvlik€! stoDl

\\ork in groups ot tor Ualc )ou

c h a n g e d v o u r n x n d a b o u t q h e r l r c r M i k c

i s g n i l r y o r n o r l D i s c u s s r h e c r u l c n c e

7 Review Language Summary 7, p136

a) Iill in the gaps \\'ith these

words/phrases l:: r: ;

into round (x2) at away

through my own back

l r c n e v c r g o l L o

lea ing how ro cook, c'ei though

l've hcd on ny om 1or,veafs I

get thc problem b),

buying lors of ready ma.Le neals,

but I l0o\1' I wonl be able to ger

a) lill in the gaps sith the correctform of the verb nr brackes tomake mi\ed coDdi nuls

r Il I d inv.sted tliar nione,v ivhenlolL told ne to, vc

Iill in the gaps with the concct form of the verbs in brackets.

There is sometimes more than one possible ansrver -fhe lerbs

in bold should be in the prescnt.

Recentll burglanes

in this ar-ea (rcpo / nrcrease)

Ir thar the cosr ofthe Olynrpic staclium will beover budgei (lea,

demand lor Cup l-jnal tickets

M i k e a n d J a n ediYorce (rumour / scek)People dilidedo!er rhe issuc (appcar/ be)

conrroversv over the nes poljql

a) wrjte two sentences for each Eord One should show a literal and one should show a non- literal meaning : il i'.;

fticnds are al$'a,vs gettiDg

I a n i I g e r 5 b )

poiDtlg oul hov nuch iine Lhe)

vasre i lhc kitchen Hoacvef all

tlie publiciry about eating hcalLbily

is tlully g€I(ing 6 lo

ne alLhough I really loni tlurk

l'll cvcr ger 'i cookjng

b) work in pairs Compare

a) Choose the corrc€t answer

Sometimes both answers may be

possible

1 ll Latt^il1t k gaing/night go inr.i

Iolvn larer, shcll post this letter

2 That $asn't bad dfjving, but if

fou hed falerlbee, lakhg your

test -vou'd have to be more

careful than that

3 I'd leel niuch happier if ,vott

phonetl/wauLd phone $e )a\er

a lf )'ou s'ash $ool )ou

uielihould uJe cold walet

s Il \orr d been tellinq/taLd ne

about )'our problen, I'd halc

hetped ,vou

6 l [ 1 w a n t t o c a t c h / m g a i n g t o a t c h

that lrain, I should leave noN:

b) Work in pairs Compare

ll I hadni lost mt keys 1

(gi\.e) you a litt

BLrt Im afraid I caDt litul thcn

Il you (o\D) ,irobile phoDe yesterdaysarangements ivoulcln't havebeen so complicatc.L

Clar{: (finBh) thalessay b,v noq ifshe didn't kecp

Il you hadnl stayed up so latelasl night, yolr (not leel) so barl todaylbu could liave appli€d tor thaLjob we sas' il rou

I d slill bc hvmg in \vales it I

0ror changc)

b) Work in pairs Conpare

@ rilt i' *regaps-jth rhe.e partrcl.s t0 nrake pnrasaLnouns,

2 biglit

in out off down on back

Tal<e your coat -Iherc! golng

Io bc a - pour latcr

Because the roads wcre bus)

w c n r i s s e d k i c k .The set of hcr illncssbegan whcn Julie was vcr)) o u n g

There is going to bc ancry when theito!crnmenr publishcs the

Due Io an unavoiclableset , our departurc

Tr) rnd rcduce,vour

take o{ saturated lat

b) work in pairs Compare

a) Tick the thnrgs you can do in English can undeBtand a radio nterview in deta and make noles on il.

can undersland and use a ranqe oi more comp ex conditional lorms.

can report inJormation in an irnpersona way using a range ol structures.

can identl] and use a variety ol questions and intonation patlerns.

L can recogn se and use a range ol diomalic and metaphorica languaqe.

b) \\4u( do ]'ou need to study again?

CE

1 U,1eii//,.are \ prison.$ ire gi\cil hc\r, dlcI Nrc Likch ro

2 \\t rnust acr nos, rnleiilotherw6e (he prLsoLl popuhrtun

lriLl doublc

3 hx trisoneN shoul.l h hchecl Jlrir(jrll\', as lorq aJllrleJj

there is cnough nro.cr

@ wtsu, n oNw .,.

1235

3 4

s 4

a) Tich the correct words/phrases in bold Th€n correct the mistakes p141.

tl onlv I didn't haYe to leale Lodal

ll only t krow someonc \rbo coulcl help,

I \\ish Tom is hcre,

I lvish it isn't raining,

Il only I knew ]'on $'cre coming

Il only $e'd b€en taught langLragcs atPrisoners can beconre rcsponsible citlzens

otherwrelprovlddg $'e allor thein to

lmagine/Whether rhe go\enror is right or $(ong there are

man\' 1ilro orsagree

Supposing/Athe,wise tfu trisorcrs arent rell cnougli to

u o r k q ' h a r Ia p p e n s d r e f l

7 I \\'ish I cal liv here.

e I $ish l11orc yourg people would vote,

e ll only Nancy gets her hair cur, b) Co'nplete 1-9 withl, t + subjcct + auxiliary verb Is the auxiliary vclb past, present or tuture? $ftt?

lfonly ldidn t have to Leave today, but Ida c) Complete these sentences wirh the conect fom of the ver.b in brnckers.

I wish:

r a) she ,?dlold me about it before (tell) b) she mc r.har the problen, is ftell)

2 a) I olorc riDc ro hclp lou tomonosr (h:!e)

b) I Dorc tllne ro help lou vesrerdar (havc)

@ rut cornmas in hesc scnLences ffiffi pr:0.

r ]f ,-ou havc intnde.s in thc house itls beiicr nol to

z Avorl ktcpLng txpensive coDlpnters handblgs ancl wrllers

HorcvcL you shouLd rlso bc wcLl insured

Door chrurs rnd spl holcs which your lancllorcl will

prcbebll tit ircLp to rcducc crnne

r h p o l i c c o f f i c c r s a i d Y ( r s h o u l d s e r u p a

Ncighbourhoo.l \\ratch schcme

\ou sliould instaLl a burglar alarnr o(heh!ise )o(t ll regrcr it

I

3

a) ltend rhis exira.t frorn a student! *ork Corrcct the

urderlnred connecting worcls of condition.

b) O indicates a missnrg comma \\'hy is each comma

whJe I was ar,"nV lo worA Tesle' oat aaa

eafinq a 4.aissanf A a car +lasle.d i^ h,r'Ll's af

/ve ) de4'ded to stao otlLe.w,te sat ebad\ was

d trolble A wki.L was lL4kt beeaase fke &L

lurned atf lo lE a^ Lhlta.ked pli.e a -fLe

eli'p./han fald lre fhaf it tuas llelal k eaf

aadent' Apparenfl% A %a1 a.e not allawe.d lo

eaf a driAk ol srea* M to{ rrable eLone

'sLe(.sit+ fLe a.ar Las stopped fke pliaenah

said Le ;aLtd ,af Ane te fLis hae ct a+tlefs

a#er drdiht 1or anoflter +et/ /r'inLfes O f\@

I you norc oficn

I vor r.hen you were in

I $ork Last nighl

I to snrdy lbrtonrorroq's exan (not havc to)

he nuktug all rhal

8 What's stopping you?

Finding time

Choose four of these wotds: bright fLoodt fLy freezet stotm,warm.Wrlte

one sentence for each word with its literal meaning and one sentence

with its metaphorical meaning.Work in pairs and comPare sentences,

VocabularY Phrases with fir]e

a) Tick the phrascs nr bold &at you kno\'!: Che.k nelv

phrases in I p140

1 lf I have limc to kill at an fuporl, I usual]v rea.l a book

2 I Like 1o ger Io class iD plen(y of time

3 I al$r)s lake my time \vhen I l:io homevork

4 I usual\' hav€ ver) little time lo sparc jn die DomiDg

s F o r ( h e t i m c b e i n g l' m h a p p ) d o i n g $ h a t l m l o i n g

6 lt's only a matter of time belore I change n)'

7 I bcliele in thc sa,virlg thue's no time like th€ pr€s€nt'

3 l'v€ got no aimc for peopl who donl carc abort

b) Tick th€ senteDces tha( are truc for you Change the

ofier sentences so drat they are true for you

c) work in pairs Take turns to say your senlences

Reading and Grammal

@ - O v , r , , r , r ' n l p c o p h u h , ' , l u r e h a d a p r o l o u n d c l l c ( l

o n r h c $ o r l d d t h c r l o r s o o d o r , , ' r I ' J , 1

b) [brk nr pans Compare lists and choose trvo peoplc

who you think have had thc greatest effect.

c) Tell the class \lho you d se and why.

d) Read an interyiew with Edd) Canfor'Dumas, at author,

TV scriptwriter, peace actilist and €andidate lbr the

Green Parqr llatch dre interviewer's questjons, a)'.c) to

scctions ]-f of thc article.

a) Do you bclieve rhal one pe6on can rcalll mak a

What have )ou done oD a pelsorrl le!e] to acldress the

issue of clLmare change?

Ior havc rccefrly becone scriously in!olved in green

issues Ho\ li.l lhis conlc about?

vocabulary phrases with ttme Crammar past v€rb forms with present

or future meaning

| l 2 0 0 1 1 l , , ' a s w o f k n q o n a B B I 'ditagt€i

lfama, tupL'r/o/aonr, iboLrt the i at onaL efLrpt on ol Ye o,,rrttofe

N n l o f n P a f k I t r e L I S A T o re p m y

r e l e n r a l r t p o k e t o a r a i e f l 5 t ! \ i h o r a d Irst r,rf ttef a book aboLrt i tre ,.r,i,r!t the , 'of d m qht efd Top of the i \r'/at

! oLrn \,rafm n!, afe:ted b! nr,lf made t0,- em 55 on! lJLrl, lrc sn al, a re of tlre !,rof st offendeft, tre

U 5 A , l r o u rl o L l L a r l L a r a l r a r l l e u r t a t e r i e s o l d e v a l t i t l n !

r L r f f r c a n e 5 h t r 1 5 l i ! l f fn( ea5l a a i a s l s Tr,,,ro _lears nls \,/.r5 ,rrork rll 0f nfotlLef altatter pfojeat tuperJlrrfir, dLr0LrL Lhc elfert af il oba ,rarrn f! on rLifiaan€t n

t h e A t a n t [ , a r f ! ! i L $ ] L l r e \ n l a n a a e n t € f f o f A l m o s p h e f a Re5earah in B0! der, Co o a(lo At tre t me, a nLrnrbef ol ! o ef t rLrff aane5 !r'ere h llirlll the (,Lr I anl east aoattt of tre lll^, rotab y (irtr ra, thal wfeakca Ne\(' Orlenrs, !o agked the ]e.rd

of NIAR l\40 qlest 0r5, s !] rrb.r '"r,nrinll fe ity, f.l t 1 man maie? He loo[ed irl ric as I | ,.!as rnal Hov,/ aoL] d nnlone

s t l b e a s l n q 5 u a h b a s | ( L r e 9 1 o r ] t ? H e l l n v e m e a s h o f t l l t o r i n

0 n a m a t e s a e n a e , a r d ir f l c r f r f l l r c f d l t a u t 5 0 r s \' ! l t h o t h e f

s a e n t s t 5 c a m c h o m e r o r ! r l c d t h n L L h ! , r a i n f e n n r r l e r , y ' serioLrs prob em.

It's time we all accepted the fact that everyone can make a differen(e.b)

4 \ , , / e , I r e i r s e d I h d L 0 b c r n o e l h i n llrlt i (lfe.L d E b l t

e r ! r o n m € r t a 5 t , p d y r l l i r lf f t l m a r f m ! r e y e a a h m 0 n t l l

t o F r e f d 5 o l t h e E a r t h L 0 e i l l e f y r o f ! ( e n r e S a l e m p o y e d

t o m e o n e t o d o ir r e a o d L a r m f l r o l r g e L o s c e h a r u / m y

@ t"ua *, i,,,".'i.* again find answers to rbese questioDs.

@ t \ \ o r l in tair\ t)i\ u\\ rh,\, qu(ni,n_

2

Whv did Ed.h go ro America jn 2003?

Wh) clo you thinh rhe tcad ot NC,{R was surprjscd by !ckl}.:s

Whv was Ed.h':s col\.ers.rLion \yirh rtre scienrisr so significant?

In \rhar $a)s did E.l.ly beconre more rhdniusr a dire(t debir

e ! r r o n n r e n r a l i s f l

s whv.locs Eddl mcnrion peopte tikc C;anclht and Nctson

I ook ar rhis sayirgr ilnor lou, trlo? 4 llo.' r o m $ h o r l W h a r do )ou arirk it ncans?What do )ou rhmk ts nrvolved in lialirg.n

Then ans!r'er the qu€sridrs

1 al ttb tirne ro accepl rhe trct rhirerer)o'ie can nake a difcrcnce

b) lrs (i|ne we all acc.pred Lhe tact rhalcreDore can Drake a ctifierencc

2 a ) t c l s o o n e r do o.c of rhe johsb) Id $ono somcon€ etsc ,vas doing on

3 a) r'd prefer ro ger drcct1y nvolvedb) t'd prcter ir ifa lor morc pcopl€ gordirecrh involvcd

a a) r'.1 ralher look ar rhe smal ttrirgs Ib) l'd rarher peopte tooked ar rire sm,ruthings rhe| could do

i) Do an) of rhe scn((.Dccs rcter ro past

i i ) D o a l l L h s c n r e n c s t c l l u s w h a t L h espcaker would like ro happcDlb) Look agah at rhe scmrences in 5a)

\\'}ich verbs (pink or blue) are nrfinirileterb forms? Which r€ eirh€r past Simtlle

or Pasl Continuonslc) Look at rhe subjecrs in botd in thesentences in 5a) TheD choose rhe conecr

whcn ira ln, r',rld soo,w, voutd rother,and r.&ld f,./ir ii ilare tolo\red bl a

s bjcci + \erb, we use a, t rrl'y€lapaji

\Ve c.n also sa\' it\ drori tinc or at!hish rtn ro slrggest sonething is utgenr:lr\ ligl ti,'r rr r{dli!.d llc.dnl t.fp rising llp

th cdrth\ 'cnnr s lit rJri\

@

f n f l , i aa! ( beaome l r r e n e r , a r d i, , c n t a k r t ! to a |eetinll 0 f m y oai

! erf Pafly l eft lltc /|eel |!l irs thc airfd l i t e l o f ml ;rr,a f the

r l t o m f q l!r:a qolcrftmenl c l c a t o n r a f d l l t r e e a l 0 f orla|irer l o l i l

f i r u r h b !!lcr f

F o f t r { ] imr bei|o 'm 0( boul loinq r l t h loL:r5 b L r t I d m t it,, hifd

l l f ! t 0 L c \ ' e r y l l t i | l l f , t 0 obr or 5i! l'd 5rorer \ L r r0/lee reu/.ts

r ! f l l 0 r r !t ir jol5 lf 1.[t, r/0t]d pfef.,r t r l krl mor peop c lot

r l r r i , / rNol,r.d L t L r t ' m i o | f r d i t Lhiri t r i r r,, rpe 5 peopre 5 e e

L n r i t \ | r e a f | f o t cofLItLle t a r l v e as th0Lrlh l h e p , l r c t h a d ! | l m t d

r c 5 ! L r f a e r n I a ; n L l I miL-(irapirit,,, l o : b t o r b t r e clleat, o l e v e f

t r r i r l e f a 0 r s L m f r i r x t

l i r e r e E a f ara erLlrpafe5r] 5 ; ! !, Ore i! the fi||ref 0r ter

l l r o ! ; a f ( El,er.rtir | ! beqr t r !r tr Lh.: f d v lLral l ) ) r p e f s l l | a h a n l J c s

a r a 5 e l t o l i a i r a | l i e I n t i r t h e f l c r 5 0 f , n t l so itroes or, elef I t

1 i k : 5 l r c i r t d r 1 ) [ t m e l l t h e u l l _ o e n t l r e i n r ] ! d L r ; i r p r o f o ! | d

a f i l 0 r L J s c ! ' r f f e a,!fq0r pfe,/erLi|!l s L l l f c r r r q , t l l t r : r a n l l e h e 0 sha

5 : 1 5 0 l l i f oiheft , " , r i 5 e the ! *rtrr ant I.r fe.(hir! took at Llrc

l l r e a t f e l ! l o ! 5 l e n L h e r 5 | l i t r s t o f \ r 0 r leop c lrom firlre modern I f i r e s

@ uar.e sentences wlth,thesc wor.ls Sonetimes more than

oDe nnswer rs possrDre.

1 I / prefer it ill $,e / meet / at the cincma

2 I / sooncr / David / do / the clearing up

i ft / tin€ / h.r!e / a break

a \ve / prctcr / go / on Tuesdal

5 I / mdlcr / )ou / noi smoke / iD herc

6 lt / abouL time / Pcrc / a.lDit / he Nas wrong

a) Ti€k drc correct sentences Then conect the mistakes

Sometimcs there is nore than one possible answer

1 lkl raiher leopl€ loni drop liller in lhe streets

lkl sooner tra'cl by tr.rin tlun by bus

l'd prefer Dor€ p€ople \rere environnenrally corFcblrs

Irs higli tiDc pcople slop uslng cars in cities

I'd rarher ny taniily spend nrore time rogether

I d prcfer it itp€ople dont use rheir mobiles on pubLic banspo

IIs tinre i liarl a holxla,r:

I'd prefer I Livc nca.cr to the coasl

Work in paiE Compare

answers-c) Tat(e lurns to say which sentemes are true lor,vou.

Ask lollo$'up questions.

Listening and Speaking

@ a) chech the rncanins of dese words

soot scrrb an incinerator federalbw

b) r Listen to Fddy talking al'ort

Hazel Henderson, an ordinary woman

who has made a significant diflcrence to

thc world Choose thc correct aDswer in these sentences.

1 ,{11 the children $4ro played in the locaL parlt iI

Ne$ York sere dtlyrll.

2 liazcL succee.led in ger\ing bette playgrcuntls in pak/levek of

air polLutian nade public

3 Hazcl is row an advisar to the Prcsidentafthe UsAlgavemnents

allrcund the warld.

c) $brk in groups of three Yo are each going to summarise

part ofHazel Henderson! story Studer( A.look at list 1.

Srudent B look at list 2 Student C, look at list 3 which of

rhe itcrns ftom your list could you already talk about?

1 Eristol, school, qualitlcations, jobs New lork, an American

2 locaL plaigrolLnd, sool, pollution, other nothcrs and chiklrcn

3 iD Ncw Yofk lhe qualil) of the air AtsC nc$,s neLwork.

veaih.r [ortcasrs

d) Listen again N{ake notes on your section of the story.

e) Think about how (o summarise your part ofthe sbry [5tu9

fie prompts lrom 8c) nnd your not€s.

fl ln the sarne groups of three, take tums to read out your

sumnary Do you think you have covered all thc manr potuts?

i:t:t :',i:,:ii:iii :,':,i'.:,jiri ',:.l.ii:.,],i.,' ] :,,:, t:., :,.,:,i':

G J a ) l m a e i n \ o u c o u l d \1 , ( r d a n r n i n g

\ v i r h rhrc ldnrou\ t x o t j l ( r h a r ) o u r h i | l l have made a difference to the rvorld, positively or ncgatively They can be fron the prescnt or the past which three people would you choose and rvh14 b) \\tite one question you rvould like to ask each ofyour guests.

a) $brk nr p,'irs Sa,v who you choscancl what questnnr you would asl

\Vhat topics ofconvcrsatidr night tourb) Agree on the threc most interesling

(i,: ix" i" ^^" ii'"*""J'r- ;r '

cir', r'i 'u***" r""i,"a .

J o h n t e n n o n H s m u s c h a d

a great lifluen.e on the world.

c) Tc)l the class rlrc your thrcc gucsts arc and the topics ofconversatirn that are Iikely to conre up.

d) which group woLtld you like to.ioin lbr the eveningl 'l\hl]

@ a) \lork in pairs lisc ss these ques(ions.

Do you agree on \rliich photos A f illustrarc erch ot thcse

cmolions: anger: disgustt feart jori sa.lDess; surprise?

Do )ou Ihink.tll cultures experience the sane basic

3 How do )ou think basic rmotions he\rcd our ancestors to

sLry alive?

a whrt other enrotions are there besidcs the basic ones?

b) : r , Listcn to a radio programme about emotions

Check your ansrvers to qrestions 2-4 in I a)

c) Listen again Read these quotes from the radio

programme and answer the questions

1 'Whoevcr said that is \trorlg." Said whall

2 'whcrcv€r rhis experini€nt lvas crrried oul lhe resuhs

\\'ere rire same." What cxperinenLl

3 '$'hocvcr sa$ the photos identilied the sane emotions '

\Vhich crnotions?

a 'Whenevcr vou do dlis irl pivar€ its udikel.,- to cause

emb.trrassment Dowliat?

s 'Thar's dre cliff{:rence between higher and basic emotions.'

d) $brk nr gro(ps Discuss wheth€r this statement is true

or not Cotrsider lllings such as sports, food, dress, attitude

ro relatiolrships attitude to animals, pfvac,v, etc

Thi,rgs tlrat "right rnaJir ptoplerom onc.ultutr ptoud

cn}a, r.lss.l, gu iltlt dlglri sdd disgrsl.d, hdppl,t er nighl nor

rri$t.r rlr sdn .,rotion in peoplc lrotn dnoLho ltlture.

a) Read thc rule Then natch the n'ords inbold in sentences l -1 in 1c) to meanings a)

q h , r $ , r d d , ', , r o q , r { o , q r J , l ' ' ,whoca.r, Dh.nc1'cr hd.('rer rihi.h.1.f,,rolrrrr,)

ir usuall)'has one ol rhese merniLus:

a ) l t d o c s n t n r a t i e r n ' h e r e , $ h o \ r h e n , e t c lL

c a n b e a n , v p l a c e , a n y o n e , a n ) r i l l l e srdrl rhe o.peri,n.nt h.rl]lcrloll ndrll lo.(i( doesnt nratlcr n'hen you sla )a;ivc rhc rcsrlts ro lfho(1cr xdnts lhcrl

(anyone \aho vanrs lhenr)

b ) A n u n k n o w n p l a c e p e r s o r ri l n e e t c urtocf.r Lr rctc lhis rcforr did 'lanLasLrc jt)b.(l don t kno\a who the person was)

; '::,i r: Wicn&.rc:n also mean t'\,ery rime :W?l.ftlersll€.dlls, I,1 o (= eyer! tLmeshc

c a l l s , l m o u t )

\ \ a ' o , , , , , 1 , , 1 , , , , r r l ' r d r f , , 1 ' r ' r h ,subject or rhc objecr ol the verb: whoeref nrx1'otr (subjeco whoer€' _1,ori

s d ' i ( o b j e c ob) Check in p1,10

i Vocabutary wrerever,

I whoevet, whatever, etc ) ' word buitding (2): suffixes

I Review past v€rb forms with

i Present or tuture meaning

Fear!

Use four of these prompts to write true and fatse sentences about yourself: Mo5tol

ny friends prefer ; I'd Nefet it if ny tiends I I'd sooner il'd rather ldidn't have

to i lthink it's time to i lt's about time L Work in pairs Take turns to say your

sentences, Cuess if vour oartner's sentences are true or false,

Lislening and Vocabulary

@ a) lvork ln pairs niscuss Lhese qu€stions.

1 W h a t i s l h e s c a r i e s t t h i D g )ou hale elcr.lonel

2 what! thc scariesr ihing that has erel

happeDed to youl

3 what Nould )aru clo ifyou hcard a burglat

trting to break inio tour homel

b) Check the neaning ofthese words

crunch scrape chisel medi,jcre mund;ne

Read the article Ansqer thcse questions

\\ihar happencd ancl \ahat did the wriLef do

& ' t a l R ( a d l h ! r r l r c l e J e , r r n w h r i n o l l l r ( - c - c n l c r r c c \ a r 't?-

l r u c $ h r ( h d r c l a l c a n d $ h i c h r r , n o r n r ( n l i o n c d l

1 The s'dter $as terrified when ,he heaid lhe noise

2 l l , h , h J d q - v " L n b r r h n , -

3 She souLd Likc ro bc niore likc the rhrill-seekers

a She noti.es pcople taking rislG tn da)-toia) lile

5 She experienced a lot of lear as r child

6 she vent doNnstairs $,(h hef husbiDd

7 Iler husbaD.l saw dle burglar

b) wol.k in pairs Comp

AB

Choose the correct Dord Sonetimes both

words are possible

r i\n going to fnish rhis tod!) wrateverlrowever

2 Haweverlwhenevet n ry Ltnes he lells me I can

nrler renrember his nane

3 1 doni nrnrd We caLr go \n whi.hever/||henevef

perlormances rou likc

a I ln happ_r io tlr) rvhltheverlwhatever,vou ltanL

s Whoever/Whenever I visit llenr, lhe) re ahays

$ a l c h i n g T V

6 Whoever/\llhichevet waiLs thls book can have it

7 Howevet/Whatevet I da [or hcr it'.s neler eDougli

3 Wherever/llhenevet \ar\ lranl Io go is line bl D1c

6 a ) r r l l i n r h c e a p - r v i r h / r , r l r , r r i r c h r , r

-

" l ' , , " , " ' " l ' o r l " , r i u r ' r r r o r h , r , r r r r l h c r c

is sometimes more than one possible answer

1 I caD wear I \aant to rorvcoLlege/school.

2 n u c h I w a n ( I o , I d o D t g c t n u c h

chaDc to pftclise tn)' [nglish

3 carly I go ro bed, I ncver tccl as il I'!c

had cnough sleep

4 I ear out, I uslralh order thc satne

lhnlg

5 people say abour thjs countri: I think

its a good place to liv{:

6 tou go in this cii)'/rovn, you can

alwavs find sonderlul architecturc

z planncd the parl<ing in tliis city'to$,n

did a sondcrft,ljob

s tine ol dr) )ou lralel round ihis

cjl)/town there dre ahtays trafffc lams

b) Work itl pairs Conpare anssers Say which

of thc sentences in 4a) are tme for you and

wherc you live Ask follow-up questions

Heading and Vocabulary

What woke me that night were the iwo oud bangs, oneafter the other, I stood at the top of the stalrs with my hearttrying to escape my body Then ihe sound of crunching,

t r i g g e r t h e s a r n e s e n s a t i o r i t h a t r a c e d t h r o L r g h m e t h a t n i g h t

a n d I w o l l d n ' t w s h i t o n a n y o n e B l t s o m e p e o p l e , t h e ' t h r i l

-s e e k e r -s ' a c t u a l y g o l o o k i n g f o r ! h i s r u s h o f a d r e n a i n e T h e yare the riders of ro ler-coasters, the fans ol horrot the boycar racers, Why do they crave lt? why am I so different?

In an art cle I read about lear, it sa d there was a clear

8 B

N O U N S

a) Look at the Douns in bold in the articlr.-then answer rhe

1 \Uric| rhrce noLrns hale a verb D tl1e slmc foflnl

2 \\hich seven nouns ai-e mftlc bv adclmg suffixes ro rcrbs?

what suffixes.tre adcled ro thc vcrbl

3 which tno nouns are madc lron a.ljectivcsl \Vlur sutlircs

are added io lhe adjecrl!cs?

VERBS/ AD]ECTIVE5, ADVERBS

To make acljecli\es lron nouns tre can usc use -l_r -_\' -ous

To nrakc adlerbs lrorn adtrctives {e can nse -h

To nrakc rdtccrives lron verbs se can nse N(, -cntl-ant,

To mlke vcrbs liom adjccLivcs sE can usc ise, ,.i1, -rt

b) Look at these groups ofwords $/hich two groups are

adjectives? which group is verbs? whch group is ad\.erbsl

r co$ard4: noodl ourageoLrs culLurdl, svmpathetic, ralenred

2 rcentl): coDfi.lenrllt finalh

3 creatire,.lelendcnt, remarkable

a r a t x r n a l i s , w i d e n c l a r i l !

,i,j , Somernnes wc change rhc spelling of rlie $.orcl

bctdc we add e su$i!: lw : clLltlb.h pp) t huppin\\

c) Check in , pr40

a) Fill ft the gaps wirh the correct lirrn of thc words in capitals.

Grandpa \ras a ls!,?blc

ano a greaL srorr

lI galc him grear

r o l e e d o u r

0 u r l a v o u f i t c

'I

235

7 bv relling u s

3 airandrna

L O V I

I E L LPL!A5I:II'1A(;INF

d i d n i

1 0

b) work in paiE coDrP

@ a) \lak€ a,li\r ol rhinss rhar triAhr.rld

r o a s a c n r L o n n o rnrngs r n r r L r L g h r c n you now Use thesc ideas or you o\m '.ragrnary nonsrers

rhe daLk thulrdc aDd llghrniDg ' ceftain anirnais or insccrs beug a passcnger irr d car rhai'.s being

a) Work in groups Discuss the things

on yolrr lists Who is most liLe yor?

b) Tell the class how you wor d descnbc yourselt ,\re you a thrill seeher or a le,lr al.oider?

When was a kid, had to have

t h e li g h t o n a l t i i g h t

The pros and cons

Complete these sentences about yourseLf: When ever Igoto ,

Whenever lsee ,Whenever ltry to twhatever Idoto ;Whoever say,. |

It seemsthathowever ,Work in pairs.Take turns to telleach otheryour

sentences Ask follow-up questions.

a) work in groups (of the sarne sex if

possible) Nlakc a list of reasons n'hy

you think it's casier and reasons why

you thnrk it'.s harder to be a menber

of the opposite sex in your country

Use th€se ideas or yonr oi1'Ir

ph)sical strcnsth

socielyt expecrations ol and atlitude

ro\rards men and voncn

b) l'ell the class your group's

conclusions Do you agree with what

the other groups said?

c) Are there any points that thc n'hole

a) : _ Read and listen to Sophie

Hannah's poem about a problem sheb

experiencing Then ans$-cr the

1 \vhat is her indecision about?

2 whl is the pocm call{:d Ih Pros dtrd

3 llolv niaDy pros ancl hos nan] cons

does she mentionl There may be

different interprelalions

b) Read the poem aganr lvlatch

Dearings a)-g) to verscs 1-7

Phoning him means:

4 l ll enbrrfass nrlself because I'11 seem

b) he mighL tlink l)n too cntlnLsiaslic

an.L I niglu put hun of|

c) he'll think I lr] a nice peEon

i) he'll l(now th:I l rn k.en to sec him

e) I vonl be wasring time $oD.lcring ii

hcs goirlg 1o phon ne or not

f) itls OK bccause it shonl.lnl rutter

who approaches lvho

s) iflL bc less enbarnssing krr hin iLl

frorlt of his colle,rgues

h m afd beg r s (0f coftfues) t0 sLrspoci tlrat thcit s someth fg belwe""r !s

lf \,rart10 afd dOft afef't lbeLfll allt rfrfailre?

We fe both adu ls D0es 1 firattel w th ad r] ts, 1,'/fr0 makes tlr e

1 fst move?

P " " d r ' " L o o o " o o o o q

The ess keef appeaf, tho nore keef hes kely to lre, afO I phOfed h || hr/ ce 0f Thr]fsday aro 0nce 0f Frda!.

He .-nLrst tlrefefOfe be fLr y af/are that ts hs luflr f01 m fc

lf make 1100 easy 10f h m re assLrnre 'm t00 eesy I\h e I make f0 eff0d tr-at eaves hrf r\rt| m0fe Ola cha cnge lshoid demOnstrate that frale a sefse 0f pfopod0f

H s v/Ofi( rrust come f rst 10f a |rh e afc i sf0lridr't m fd \'/a tif!] FOr a kf0ur he c0! d have gOfe 01f ne a feady

afd 1 d0nt ph0ne lcan aliays say ater, lhat r,'ieftOflhmf st

c) Match meanings h)-j) to verses 8 10

Not pholing hnn means:

h) I can preten l I rejected hinr {lrsl iliI tums oul he doesnl qarli to see me

D jrls probably betLcr bec.ruse Lren ?re hunrcrs: thet hke the chase.j) he'lL knoa l understand tlur I c.lnt be the most nnponant thiDg inhis life

i t s b e t t e r t o b e a m a n o r a w o m a n ; Speaking: ctass survey about gender: Writing: summafising a class survey ReaLWorLd exptaining choices Review whe reve t, w h aeve r,

phone ot not to phone,

a) \latch these phrases from rhc poen ro mealings

make no effort make the first move back of

come on strong go off

a) rlor tr nake no effort

b) sbp hking or b.iDg nrteresLc.l iD sonreone or

c) st(4r being involved nr a siruafl,r

d) bc the person to take aclior

e) sa) sotneoLre is verl arrracrive bur sa! ir t{rc forcelulL}

b) work nr pairs Ansver rhese quesrions

1 Wiar culiural lsstre docs rhis pocn r?isct Did you

nention ii in )our liscussions in 1? If nol, Lo€s a

similar issue e\isL nr your countf)?

2 Do vou rhink lhr iviter's prcdictidrs abour hos the

nun rnrght react afe correcr?

3 What \roulcl a) r man or b) , rvoman adlisc her to do?

a Do vou rhiok r nan Nould have a si.rilar dilenmal

ll so, !oul.l Lr be for ihe sane reasonsl

a) llory do ).ou thnrh nost people vould answer

Do vou think that beirg a rnan/a woman has e\er

sropprd you lronr doLng somerhing )ou lvanred ro dol

ll )ou coul.i live ),our lite again as a Dan or a $onkr

tvhich would ,vou ciroose ancl rvhy?

b) Lislen ro six people ans{ering rhe quesrions

in 4a) llow nullt answercd'),es'to quesrioD l? IIow

nany *'ould choose to be the same sexl

- ".- 8C Rea World

@ a) Llsten agaln work in grorps l\ and B croup A nake noles on rhe aDs$,€rs EDr, Mick and Joey give Grorp B make notes on rhe answers Bob To

Kay and Dan give.

b) $brk in pairs with a srudem tiom rhc otircr group Compare noles.

a) You arc going b nrter-view srudenrs in rhe class using Lhe qucsrions in 4a) Do you rhinh the results ofthe class surley will be snnih (o 4b)? b) lntervicw as maDt studerts as you can in tive minutes Nlake notcs on rhe answcrs.

d e f i n i r e l ) .Whereas/ryhile lvolt1eD , mcn

c) wo.k in paiF Compare notes and then ansrvernese quesdolls

r Did anlonc feel Lhcir gencter had sroppe.L therndoing $,har thet wanted (o dol lfso hos.?

2 Whar rcrsons did sLudenrs give for !,"anriIg ro be

a rnan or a wonrani

3 Dicl any ans$ers sLrrprise youl

4 were your sur!€) nsulLs sinilar ro rhosc in 4b)?

Writing Extension

Write a repo on rhe resulrlr ofyour surveyUse lhesc guidelines

a) Explain whaL rh surlc) is aboLrr

b) Cile delails abour rhc pcople you inrervie{.ed,nunnrer ol nule and lemale, age range erc

.) cive rh{: results of),our srnae\ld) Civc your conclusions

r., - '' I Looh at the song you Goltd B€ on

I p107 Follow the insrmcrions

2 _lake your time,

3 Nly pafenls used to gile me

such a hard dme

a we re vcry different I usually

put things olt,

5 lln so busy these days,

6 \\€ cxnl move into the neN flat

7 l've gol no drne lbr Suzy

-3 ft: onl) a marter of tine

a) bctofti rhere.s another oil crisis

b) but tof joe, therei no line like

thc present

c) r'c ll get lhere tu pLent) ol tjnre

d) thar I cant even [iDd dme Io see

ny triends

e) thcre's no need to hutr)l

r) for not s0clving enough

s) so tor rhe tine beiDg wek

stayiig wilh m)' brother

h) as far as I\n concened shes

lazy and selfish

- a t _ , _

Gt al trrr rn tne grps rurn tnc

1 A Is il OK if I call b.'- this

evening, or would )ou preler

tne tq !S4?q loqnd elrrli€r?

lconre rouno/

Summary B, p140

\bu look exliausted Its high

L i m e i o ubreak hom nork (havc)

I d pr{:ter - llris,lhen I can forget aboul it

( l i n i s h )Ir's rime thc kids and I

B

@ .tr,'lr,'" Lhese inrrrucrioirs.

Nlake adlecliv€s [.oln thesenouns: orrzg.i rrooli crltrflr:tdl.nri slDpdlJrliJ/i.nd

Make advcrbs tronr Lhesea.ljectives, orlid.nr;lindi: fc(jerlr

3 lvlake vcrbs trom thcse adjectiles:ndIi.ftrli wi.l.t lr.rt:

a lvlake adjectives lron these lcrbs:crmtt: dtptrul; rtmth

s Make nouDs lroni thcse vefbs:distul,i r.oicri rividf; r.il.iJdili

b) Complete these sentences llnththe correct form ofthe *'ords in

r I n quiLc a aoodY pcrson,espcciillt jn the nunings

( m o o d )

2 t i e l e l l a r l l p r n(linaL)

3 fhere are pLans rorne noroNay n order ro currraffic jans (\vde)

a Therels a slrongshe sill b pron1ored (possible)

s Shels an exrrcmely

c) work in pairs Comparc

lor lookDg after them (go)

B A pleasure Shall l get you ataxi, or s'ouLd )ou preter il if

L y o u d l i l t t orhe st?don? (give)

6 A Vincc sa_rs itls tinc lor him

o n S o , h e slealing thjs Fdda}l (nove)

s Yes, I kno\ ]'d preter rt ilhe

, thougli (stay)b) work in pairs Choose three oftlle coDr€rsations in 2a) and addthree more lnles b each one

Then role-play yourconversation-s lor another pair

ReMite these sentences Beginthe sentences with the sords nrbrackets- :: I :

1 I donl knoi! $41o made ihiscake, but thc) mllsr have a greatrecipe ($rhoever)

Whoever nade this cake mustnave agreaLrccrPe

You can relv on me lor rnydringdrat needs doing (whareler)

No mauer lioiv n n) rimcs Iwash my hair, it rl\a)s looksgrcaqr (Howevct

I'd rather )ou

this attenooD (come)

what s'ouLd you preler

this evenjng,

go oul lor a mcal or sLat inl

Iti sooner

film acruall): (sce)

Look, isnt it aboul tilne you

to your sisterl

whaL lorl She vas lhe one

$ho starl{:d the argun1enl

I hnow shed rather I

the lirst move,

but she sllrrre.l the algumenl

onike)

II doesnl natt€r whal )_ou

do, don't iclL ny lnum

l \,e lost her canera

tl doesnl matter which roadyou rake ro get to the sr.alLon,

il ll rake the sam€ mounL ol

I donl knos Nho Nrote this

bur the)' cetuiDll' canL spell

It doesnt nratter {hcD I t,lngMick, hels alrali ouL

a) Tick the things you c.tr do

rrittil.

Accurate Writing

coNNEcTtNc woRDs: comment adverbiats

spELLtNc: commonly misspelled words

@ a) cr'n,,'" ,r'" ".recr word gffiffiS pr4r.

1 Za brokc lris lcg so obviousty/pesonatu.

Bur tankLy/ t'ortunatety, l aa ca]

2 Quite hanesrLy/surety I ltatc \,\ iob tn t'act/Surpr'ingLy

I Lhirk I'll rcsiln

3 ^ Unla,tunatel!/Forrunarely I can r 8n.e ).ou I lifr

B Ta be honest/c\ea y, I clor]i ihirnt I ]l ro

a I arer.).pr Anazingly/rra,*t, I wasnl latc

b) ltepl,tcc the phrases in b.ackers !'ith onc of rhesc

apparently actuatly personatty frankty accu!,n8 ro

r (to b€ horcst) I uever gor on wcll $,irb him

2 ( h o n r \ \ h a t I h a \ c h c a d ) , r h c d i r e c r o i s Soing to ledrc

3 ( s o n r c t l r i n g D a l r u r o l d r e ) D a i v n , \€ o$.e louej0

a lin m\ opinion) t rhnrl rltis conrturcr is ]ropctess

s \ou s.tl that her $ ofkls OK but (as a nuft{:r ot fa.l) h.c

@ a) Reacl rhis extracr Fom a srudent\ work Fill ft the

gaps with a commentnrg $ord/phrase trom 1 ro nlake

the storY more inrercsting.

b) Find and con-ecr scven spe nrg nfsrakes.

, ee Xtl lost so it uas (AIe Jl+r, v n

atuved') z , i+ Da_s

W nidr,tq)+.

kan lle aclress ',-v ,,Adw'+ g/,rss;d +le

La#a$ tr^s iw lAe middle "l a duil u"rcl

A.y,cl , m1 l>.i*zss collu4.\s

descriplia' ol lhe atconuda+i*" t-s Lxuyiat s

Dl,s A- Toss er/1q,4(Aliotr, , ,7 aAr,+ed

la lea,e ^+ 7 ui"ldw) l^,ue ar:lmi+ed il.

7 +a(d A,y", ll,al iI ua-sw'l ^tLka,y /,/n, Ls

la dAll bll ' , sW uawled lo "

7 c^.ld l\L"e iwsisled ue let+ a+d ,

llvl is v.tFat 7 ,l,a,ld L,L,L dou iin

@ ra,rr, rur on ro mrrcre 1 I

b hul electronlc rickels

r I'm rot olien mceting up wirh old school

2 l\e bed reading six of his books recentty

3 LIc was dying o 20 March 1997

a he b€€n liynrg herc for a long rime

s l was living rhere lor six )ears

6 I rirink l'm becoming less materialisdc

7 A What are lou doirg?

B I'm looking for n\'conlacr lens

s I rvas just leaving ryherJiln was turning u!

9 I'm liviDg in fented acconrnodarion a |t,

b) Read these rules Are the rcrbs nr the borstate verbs (S) or acrivity verbs (A)?

6 \rerbs thal describc stales are nol nornnll).usc.l

iD the conftruorc form:I brli6.r'rr not lm

6 Vcrbs thaL describe a.{iliLies can be used in bolhthe simplc or conrinuous fornr:I iii in Cornhdu

hn li\)ing i,i (:onrrall

hate (sl work (A) prefer understand ptanpray know recognise want do watksuppose agree mean seem coitain tisterconsrst study belong tatk lake give own

14 1 a,.rr1 +l(rc els ^' l,A t+ee t {L+ De.

ua,ld lea"e W+ ?laLe ali,e!

9 Gash

Where does it all go?

Change these words into nounsj rccover,excite,disturb, haPPy,

/a/ change these words into adjectives: coward, courage,culture,

sympathy Change these words into verbs: ratiota I, wide, intense.

Work in pairs.Take turns to say your words.Are they the same?

Vocabulary

price and cost

a) Fill in th€ gaps rith th_e correct lorm

o l p r i s o r c o s t C h c c k i n : ' i l : ! i : p r 4 2

r \Vhrl-s dre most -effective lvay

oi lravelling aroun.l cities?

2 Do rou rhink basic pro.lucts are

r€asonably l

3 H.s the of living dsen muclt

orer Lhe last learl

a Do shops ollen have half- sales?

5 ls the ofdenral treahneDt high?

6 Do you have an)'rhing that vou Lhink is

7 llave you evcr bought sonething tlnL

a loraune and regettcd it?

3 Do you ahvays check the tag

bcforc )ou bLrf cloth.s?

s llarc you boughl anythnlg rcccntly Lh.rt

)ou thought rvas ovcr ?

b) work in pairs Take turns to ask and

ans*'€r the questioDs tu 1a) Ifyou'rc

fron the sarne country, do you agree?

a) Rcad the article Accolding to th€ \,niter which t}?e of things arebccoDing nore popular and n'hich are becoming less popular? why?b) Rerd rhe article again Tick the irue sentcnces Conect the false

1 lhc sdtcr is likcl) to get le$,er suus lro.r loe

2 t r " J - t 1 1 r r 1 r , " r r ' r \ r , \ t n \ r \

r r t r ' r r ' l ' r r ' l r 7 " p ) ' ' t l l ) | l ] | l o ' i o | F

a People go to cafas becausc there-s a grealer selecLion oJ lhings (o eat

5 All soci€tics arc oving awa) Ironr nralerialism

c) Looh at the last paragraph What do thc phrascs in bold mean?d) \ rorh in groups Discuss thesc questn'rs

r Do l|e issues raised in the article reflect current tr€nds in _rorrcounl]-yl $1rl l/$rh-v not?

2 wbukl Iou say drar mosi pcople ,vou knos yalue elperi.nces overpossessionsl WI,vlnvh,! norl

Vocabutary pri.e and coif

C r a m m a r s i m p l e v

c o n t i n u o u s : v e | b s w i t h different meanings

Reading and Grammar

@ n*a "pu-,.,r ,nd-br \ ti(h sould

)ou cnoosr rno $ n) i

t a; have friends rouncl lor collee

b) nrec hem in a cofiee shop

2 a) buy a new pair of designer truiners

bJ spencl monev oD enlertarnnrcnl, e g

a theatre tickcr

3 a) spend moncy or state-of-thc art

equitnneni e.g the lalest hand heLd

b) spencl rnoncy or lfavel

@

Have you got experience?

the samc size and his cast-offs fii m€ pericctly T rhink he,s someone

vo lvoulci describ€ as Mr Consumer, or at lc.si he was, but there's

been a change in him r€centl\, Wh_\'? \A/etl, ihcy're firting ncw bfakes

on his lbrschc and according to h€, the pdcc he's been quoted js ttre

same a\ thc cost of flyint lcssons or a no expcnse-spared wcckend in

Rome, both of \4,hich he'd prctir io spend his monev on So I norv see

r\t)' hc's ihjnking ofselling his nash spofts c.rr In faci, he's cxp€ciing

somconc to come and look t it todat: If hc gers a good cnoLrgh otfea

I expect he'li sell it And if hc does, th€n it appears my fLicrrd is part

of a gI.(Ming trend Apparcnilt people arc choosing to spcf d their

d t ^ , h " n o n r ' r \ , i i r - l , F ) , , , , 1 8 , c r , r i r - o f p r

maicrialisn and becoming mor€ particular.bout what thcy spend

Of coursc, ii's all relatiYe For the supef dch, instead of asking for a

IliscraLi as a birthdav prcscnt ihey now wani iheir favoufik, band to

play ir their party (I'm told iop band coutd cost over 11 miltion).

riut fot nroe normal folk, hkc nre, who coukln't eren dream of such

crtravag.nce, there's thc 'ihjrd space' a icrm used by sociologisis to

dcs bc places other thnn otrr home, work or plac€ of shldy peopte

spcnd more tine than cvo bcfrre in coffec shops, restaurants or bars.

Clcarl)', jt would be much cheaper to havc coffee or eat at l]ome, but

pcoplc are rvilling to p.rv thai bit extra to cnjov th€ €xpeLturc€ of

cating or drinking in a social setting, with friends or evcn bv

l l r r r - ' , A r d l l \ l l l , ' p t l - l o l d , , r ' r { \ p o e n o i! i r ti o r 2 L t

lcars anc:t watch a lcss than state of thc-.ri TV set, if that all vs rhem

to h.ve a season uckct to watch their loc.rl football team, a nrassag€,

a ride in a hot air balloon or membership of a sports ccntre There arc

m.n) 'rore teisure activitics and opportuliiies for a\,cl today than

cver before And no*, pcople are li\'lng lurileL thelr havc more time

to try d iiferent thhgs.

ltcsearch done bv Th€ luturc foundation shoi{ecl that'personat

lulfilmcnt' 'as ih€ top prio iy for 50% of those interYie$,cd, s

oppos(d to 2-5% in 1983 So it seems that oncc a socreiT reacncs a

, l r f u i r r o r ' L c l l - , p l J l o u r r i , r i o r , h a I f , : t b a n k

ac(ount and a lot ofposscssions do not ti.k rll the boxes - and rve

cn.] !p ihjnking, "l hcrc musi be more to lifc than this."

Help with Grammar

Scc Preview, p85.

soDr€ !cfbs can clescrLbc stares and acinitics but then- L canings chNngc a) Look at the simple and coninruous velb li)rms in pink iD the arti(le N{atch the verbs to rhese meanings.a) bc the coftrcr size /il

c) bclieve $ ill happcn

sl halc !n opnton

b) Compare these pairs of senlences

\Vha( is the differencc in nerDnrgbe(ween the Yerb li)rms in bold in

1 a) Hc has his o\tn businrss

bl Hcl hali'rg sccond rhoughrs aboulrhc ying lessons

2 a) fic appears k) be tasr isLccpb) Shc's appearing on a T\isho(r

I a) lt looks e\pcnsivc

b) He\ looking at a ne\\ car rodar

a a) Ihis maLcrial fcels ycr! Diccb) She's ltclnrg bert(r'

5 a) Shc comes lronr I oLrdorb) Shels comnlg fro.r I ddon

6 a ) H e l s l i l l i c u l L b) Heb being difi.ulr

7 a) l imagine shc rc?lh llkes (_anadab) Ihcre-s lobod] rherc \brfrcibaginnrg thnrgsl

a) Tick the correct sentences Then corect ihc

1 Nl) n.w train{:rs arenl fitling me prop{:rl}:

2 lrn s€eing $,har voure trying to sa)

3 ltls looking e'lsl: but it! not

a lrn thinking KrI\ hatiDg Lurch no\l

5 H.\ being unusuall,v ftiend\ at l]re inonrent

6 l m dnnking of gonlg to Krako$

7 1 m expccting she ll xant Lo raL belbre she leaves

3 Lt appears he r{:alh hkes chocolale He\ ealcn rh lori

e ]'m seighing 60 kjlos

1o Tlis nxterial is feeling rcalL) solL

b) \\brk in pairs Conpare and explaln your answers

a) Work in pairs Tick the tnle sentences Then correctT!!o of the sleakcE beLicre monc! can bring )ou

\4aureen believes noncy c,n buy you tLnlc Lo do wLal

2 \\'e four public holicla)'s a,vear (ha!c)

3 Arn) in a niusical aI school (appear)

4 I s h c ' l L w a n L , l i l r h o r n e (e x p c c t )

s I of girirls up \ork (rhink)

6 I q'ell so 1 today off 0rot fcel; harc)

7 Sorry, I iave to go Suc nte (expcct)

b) work in pairs Compare answers

Listening and Speaking

@ - r i ' " " r o t a r ( \ l J u , c ( n a n d t( r ( r d i \ u - i , , c

$ h ( t h I o r n o r In o n c y , i n l ' ) y o u h a p p i n L t t \ \ 4 r r t h

ofthese senterces best summarises their discussiur?

T h c _ v a l l a g r c c L l t a t

I none,v cant buy )'ou happuess

2 poss.ssidr can\ bringtou happincss

a Maureen doesnt thiDlt moncy can buy yon ttcalth

5 Caie agrees with lvlaurcen tlut none) c.ln bu) lo!c.b) Listen again to Cate (C), Nlaureen (Nl) and Peter (P)aDd Iill ir the gaps with one, two or tbre€ 1vords lhencheck yorr ans'\er-s to 8a)

1 c \ l o n e y c a n t b l l ) loLr happiness'is a c t u a l l y ?

5 L a L n , r n L , r h ! L - \ c u l I l , - r oa) I kro$ r lcn of people say rhal, calc, bu( ihenthcyrc drink g ol and dringsb) ]t can bu) you Lhe lhings vou

a) whar abour rhings Lhar donl |eccssaril) rake a lor

of monc,v but still l

b ) l t l o c s n t n a l l e f l t o w y o u a r ' : v o ucaDi buy Lhrt kind of leel good laclor

t r ' J r ' " t h r r g r r o 1 , t r t t r ' 1

l v e b c e n th € c N o r f y l l r g a b o u l w h e r e th e n e x lp.nDvls coDulg frcn lL!

And ita like xheD rhcy say morcy canl buy )ou

b) Tell the llass aho(t the most intercsting things or experiences your group discussed As a class do nos( of you gct rnore pleasure from experiences

fi "pp""i'.ir'"#"'i J*'1

I get more PLeasure rrorn _J

I vou onLy need enougl rnonc) to covcr )our basic

9 B Cash-free

Think about the cost of living (food, entertajnment, transport, rent, etc.) in the

country you re in now Make a lirt of things you lhinl are reasonabty priced and ihings

you think cost too much.Work in pairs Compare yout lists A tn genealtthinkthe cost

of publictransport is reasonable.B Yes, but intercity ttain farcs arc overpriced.

Lislening and Vocabulary

a) Can )-ou think ofant advantages of rrarelling

b) I isten to fte firsr cxrract from a radio

progranrme about Satish Kumar Answer rhese

r \\har iras Sarishs planl

2 Whar did rhc rcdchcr say (olrld happcn il thcv

h J d l r ' ' r r ,

3 D sllish aird his companlon takr anv rnonclt

c) LislcD to the nerr extract Make nor€s oa

satish Kunat walked the world for peace.

VocabuLary word buildine (3): c.ammar a/an v onetfew, Review pr,.e and corf

prompts a)-l).

a ) 8 0 0 0

r) thc English Clurncl

d) \!brk in pairs Comp

a) Listen ro rhe ffnal €xtracl Fill fi the gaps

What point is Satisb Kunar maldry?

b) Listen again 11) all rhree e).lracrs

\\'}ich of thesc staremcnts arc true which are false and

Ehich are n91 meitn)ncd?

1 Th$e $crc lois of anti r,\ar dcmonstniions ir rhe 1960s

2 SaIish and his conrpaiion $,crc in their rsenrLcs {hen

tley began the jouncl:

3 T|el olier &ouithr of gilLng up an.l going back honrc

4 Salish lelt that bisioume) had been successlut n

persLradrnS gorentncnls ro cliange

c) work in groups Do you think

I S a r i s h K L L r ) r a r w N s to o l d e a l i s r i c l

2 his idlice on hoiv (e rnig|l achieve pea.c was nghtl

3 rhc \aorld is bccoming more perccful?

a r h c v o r l d \ i l l e v c r b e a t p e a c e ?

sulli\cs usuall)'chrng rh class ota lvord:gown

' ' , P r , r t 1 1 , | , | \' u l l " l ' J , r ' r " n , l " n o ' , - , 1 ro J r

@ a 1 r u o l u ' \ c , , r d , ( ( - i - + t , , , , n r t r r u d l

Progrrmme L nnosc the ri' cct sutla

1 There $,erc nran) connuniN-led4re€ ca.rprigrls

2 Thc 1\o ncn q{o $,ercnl panicularlv moxrvmmdedlworthy an)w.ru scr of

3 T h e i r 8 0 0 0 n r i l e $ r i k c e n a i n l ) Nasnr enLircLv

11 +t6 n:, obd

4 II-s norcworthy/ /ed rhar apafl lion crossing rhe lnglish Channel rtld the ,\rlanrLc by boar, Lhq, reall) L Nalk.rll &e ra).

b) $4rat do you drink rhe sufffx€s in 3a) mean?

c ) I o , ' k ar thc.c (\:rmtl ot l,rodu r i \ \ u i \ ( \

$trat clo you rhink the,v merrl

r Iheiriourney was toralil unprcdicrable.

2 Ihev didri ha\.e ivare eroof clo I h ing.

3 lhe) staric.lwalking around si\ish evcry

a lhey n,erc very healrh-conscious and ont), arr

d) Check in : p142.

@

the new cash?

When purchasing goods or pay ng for sewices, many of

us move from one means of payment to another within ihespace of one day We m ght use cheques to pay household

bl ls, credit cards lo pay for food and cash for bus or trainfares However, few financial expefts would dlspr.rte lhe factthat some of these meihods of payment w ll soon become

a ihing of lhe past Some experts even believe that oneday we could be living in a lotally cash-free sociely

Smart cards and mobile phones are becom ng anincreasingly popu arway to make all soirs of paymenls.Even now, n Japan thousands of transactions, fror buy ngrailtickets to pjcklng up the grcceries, take place everyday with cusionrers pass ng lheir handseis across a smallflalscreen devce And prediclions in the world offnance

r e c h o r lh a l p a l m e l i s r < 1 9 ' n o b i e p i o ' r F - w I h a v c - F c n

to mofe than S50 billion in the very near flture

Whals the appea of e-cash? Compared to cheques

or credil cards, it offers the speed of cash, but more so

l iakesjlst one tenth of a second to complete mosttrdrsaLtions dr d as lo.hanga s raqLirad Fffor< 1counting afe eliminated Fraud and iheft are also rcducedand for the retailer it redLrces ihe cost oi handl ng money.Sony's vsion of having a ch p embedded n compulers,TVs and games consoes means thal films, music andgarnes can be pad for eas y and wilhout having lo ifput

And what about the future ofthe banks? Wth the r grlp

on the markei, banks and cfedit-cafd fims want to be in apostion to co ect r.osl ofthe iees from lhe users oi mob leand contactless-paymenl systems But the new systemcould prove to be a d sru ptive lechno ogy' as iar as lhebanks afe concemed lf payments fof a few coffees, airain lickel 6nd a newspaper are made every day by

a comrnuter with a mob le, lhls w I not appear on the Imonth y credit card statements but on their mobile phoneslatements And having spenl forlunes on branding, cred Icard companies and banks do noi want io see otherpayment systems ga ning popularily lt's loo early to saywhelher banks will miss out and if so, by how much

However, qLrite a felrAmedcan bankers are optimisiic.They feelihere is reason to be suspicious ofthose whopredicl lhat h gh streel banks may be a lhing of the past.They point out that nternet banking d d not result in lhecosure of their hlgh-street branches as was pred cied

On ihe contfary, more Amedcans than ever are using localbranches So, as to whether we ll becorne a toially cash-free society of not we'll have to wait and see

@ a) +n.u r rhe< que.rion abour your*cll.

1 Are )ou very safety consciousl lf so, in $.hat lva\.s?

2 Is there any electronic €quipment tha! )'ou thhk is

iol-prooll

3 wllat human charactedstics do you drink are the nDst

praise$orthy?

a Is it easy to find additive tree tood in your country'?

s Do you think people should use disposable cotTee cups?

6 Arc an) ol your tuierds rery slrong-mincledl

7 Havc you ever lived ni a snallish to\n?

b) work in pairs Take tums to ask a'rd answer the

q u ( - r , o n \ In 5 a ) A s k to l l o s u p q u e r t i , ' n r

Reading and Grammar

O a ) rV ' , k i, , p a i r \ { n r $ ( r r h ( * ( , t u c * r i o n r

1 Hos'do you usu l) pay tor thnlgs: bt chc.Lue, by

credi/debit card, in cash, etc.l

2 Do you always have cash on you when,vou 8o outl It

so, vhat.lo you nainly use ii for?

3 Do you have snia( cards lor publjc transpo $hcrc

),ou li\.e? Do you use rheml why?nvh\'Dot?

4 Whar do you thiDk'c-cash meansl

b) Read lhe anicle Does the w ter think we \\ill

become a cash-hee society?

c) Read drc anicle aganr Underline sentences in the

aticle which disprove thcse

statements-r The usc ot mobile phones as a ncans ol paving lostatements-r

things will become less popuiar

2 lr takes slighlly longer to pa,v by niobile phone rhan b,v

i The oDly adlanlage ofusing e cash is to incfease the

speed or ransacrions

a Banks donl hrve ro lear e cash

s lDtenet barking causcd many banks ir lhe USA ro

d) \!brk in pairs Compare anslv€rs In your countr,v,

have there been chaDges tu how people pay for thnrgs

since this article was \rrittenl

e) work nr goups ol three Discuss these quesnons

r w'haL are lhe fros and cons ofa cash-ltee socjetv?

2 Do you $'elcome the idea of a world withoul cash?

Why?AVII noi?

Adapled frcm the Ecoromisl 1 7/02/07

9 B

Help with Grammar

See Preuiew, p85

i 4/dn and o, bodr relcr ro one rhing and can be used wiLh

shgul.r couxable nouN Horcver, $c usualll use on if$e

$ant to cDrp|lsisc rhc number: I [rhrs j"sr a rc,rrh old s ond

r.) ,,r/frf ,nosr ri?ns(.ridts It nttus just one tuth aJ se.onA

lo.onpl.r Dlosr ,?nsr.Iions (i.e ror t'o or lhrce tcDrlis)

\\t also usc on.:

a) NhcD r' are rltinking ol alE prrricular d.r,v (in Lhc

futurc or rlc pasr) but ivc doni s.y exacill, $hich da\.]

\\'t pdid thnt btll oie dar lds nonrJr not - d+ry-+d*

H€xl+ lri.d,r s.r ,rf rdnft ndrdg.r one d.ry ncrt n 4 nor

-@€r?

b) in phrases \ ith ,n otlcr/dnothd/th( n|:it Mtln), of us

ndt ton oft @s of patnetlt to anatho nor M.s].€fuj

2 l !c gor a/o,e lfieDd who rcrlLy.loesnl care abollr

3 I lirsr Dicr \'la\ orela dlr! lasr sunrmer

a I\n so bus\'l on\ havc o,e/a lree clal a 1'eetr

5 she! working lale so sadl) drcrets llrdela /title

c h a r c c s h c l l b c h o r n e b e l o r e e i g h r

6 I nc\€f kno$ s.har l m going ro be long ftoma/ore da) io tLe nexr

7 I haye b hale a/ore snack D the alicrnoon

3 Qurrc/e/a/ew pcoplc I l(DoN uplord Lhen

p h o r o s ro t h e ln t m rb) \\brk in pnirs Compare and e-rpla]n youraDs$-€rs Then tell your parnrer which sentenccs

h 8a) are lruc lbr you Ask follow-up questiols

l r l - r :

@ a) neplace the words in bold wirh dn \l.h€re appropnarc or necessa4l

I phoned nlo !*urance companics because

I tlee.led inslrmncc lorran a.llenruft: holid?\r'zA cornpan) ft'tused ro insurc ne .rnd,a co p-,,

sa thq \aoul.l if 1 got aa medical ccrtificare

So sa da) last weeh l \\err ro see 6a docror and

I ha.l7a checkup I passc(l rhe cxan Dtion audgot 3a ce(ilLcate ()nce I had rr I dec ed (o chcckout orh{:r insurcrs I went furn ea conpanv toanothcr lookng for rtre bcsr price, bur t didn,LfiDd roa quore under€1001

b) wolk h pairs comp

b) work tu pairs Compare and e)plain your answers.

fEWtA FEW, QUtfE A fEW

c) Look at thc \rords in pink ft th€ article- NlarchJer.

dJa{ a'd 4ute aJ€1r ro r-:1.

1 a co$i.lerlble nurnbcf

2 somc but a snrall [umber

3 not man\r or nor eLlough

d) check in

l i r f a ) w r l in p ,\ \ou rc :rerccd r o r:rL, pan irr

an expe nenr in $hich ^ group of people is lelt nr a renote ar€a of)a)ur counrry wirh no moDey and no contacr with the oulside world Nlak€ a list ofthe problems you ll face and Lhc skills you'll Deed to overcome them.

b) $brk $ irh ).our parrrer ard rick rhc drings

oD your list rhat you could do.

a) Read the question and choose the corred answer in

G;;&; ;", " l ;+;; ;.t i;rJb";,_l

\ o r r v i r v e o n y g o t a / o n e r€ n - p o ! d o t e

Sory 've only got,a/ore five-polnd note and I need it

t l + 4

: !r is olten used in more fon)al siLuarions

lillield lirll is used Nirh uncounrablc nouns in rhe sane

s"y /c1rld/c'v is used lvirh couDtable noul]s:

It( sptn.ls ra-! little ti'a.t rtiil hii.hild,"n {nor much nnc

at all) Errrl ri en urg hr: sp enls a little tine ||ith hit chi?rcn

( n o r a lot oftime bur som€)

@ O ""',, In sro,,p\ Div u rt,(.c quc.ri,rn\

1 What skills caD each person conrriburcl

2 ,\re thcre an) essential skills )our group is

b) Tell the c]ass holv wc]l and horv long youthink yo(r group $ould sur"'ive $'hich grouphas the best chance ofsunirall

w o r e r - 8 q L i t e a ? n o \ d - d l t ^ a :

g o , o 4 p e o / h o d o o r / " D U r ^ ' a " n i

g o r d - r o n " n L o " n d r t e o^ rhi C - o " j

A gloomy scienc,e?

Write one word for each of these suffixes: -/ree; -led; -conscioust -ish; -ablel

-minded -worthy; -proof.Work in pairs and swap papers.Take turns to say a

sentence using the words from your partner's list A sugar-free B Sugarfree

drinks are much better for vou.

a) Tick the words/phrases in bold you

knotr Check new {'ords/phrases in

i:.ji,'i.i:!l pt+;.

r Can )ou nalne one thing that is

rnass-produced in your counrry

and sold olerseasl

2 Does your governmeni send

ov€rseas aid to developing

3 ls your govern enl deleloping

renewable energ,' Iechnology such

4 Ho$' srong is the housing market

7 ln rhe last tc$,)ears has there been

cconomic growih or economic

declir€ iD rour counrr)'?

3 what steps is,vour governnrent takjng

to !ry an.l sav€ thc earthb resourcesl

9 Does )'our country hale nuclear

'ro Are there la{s againsl gender

disclimination in Lhe \vorkplace?

b) work on )'our own Itow much do

you knorv about the economics of your

country? Answer the questions in 1a)

c) Work in pairs Comp

If yotr are from the same countr,v, do

)-ou agree? lf you are ftom different

counhies, holv similar are your

The Tokya Stack Exchange

1 Why did r$'o sluclents raisc their handsl

2 What are Ih€ lhree sections of his ralk aboul?

a) iii!-i risten to the nrxl part of the lectrr,e Tick the Lr(e ( or<(r rhe Ialrc rerrenr e\ dbour cconornir r

sentence-1 Ir can provirle aLI thc answers to rvorlcl problcms

2 \\rithour it you caDt uDclerstaDcl rvorlcl issues propcrly

2 What does hc mean when he talks abour "fie rerl cost ota plastic bag"?

3 What q?e ot p€ople does he sa)' are suiled to economics?

a Does he tliink thc study of econonics is difficultl

5 why does he DeDtiorl careF such as architccture, politics and

6 Ar the end ot die taLk {hich tour a.ljectives locs he use to describe

c) work in paiE Comp

@ a ) u o r t r i n p a i r M a k e a l i * t o l s c h o o l

o r u r u v e r s l t ) s u D l c c l s I n a t )ou tnrnk

are interesting or tun Then list ones

you think are dry or dull.

b) Read out your lists to the class.

Do you agree with other students' lists?

Was €conomics mentioned? Il so, was

it considered to be an interesting

subject? why?./why notl

@ rvork in pairs and discuss these qucst,ons.

Which of drc teachera argumeni-s do you rhink s'ould urnuence a,loung auclience the nrost and ivhy?

Do you knoN an)'one whose iob requires a knovledge of economics?

Il so, $'hylIl,vou have studied economics did you enioy irl Ifyou have nerersludied economics, do Iou think vou d enloy itl why?,Alhy noI?

Vocabutary news and Reat Wortd presenting Review productive suffixes

@ a) rook rr rhe.e quore\ wht Joe rh€ rca(her u.e rhc.e

\ e n l € r | ( c i n Ihe inrroducrion L , h i s ralk)

I'n going to divide the talk into (three sections).

FirstofaLI, (howeconomicsis rclated ta real life).

Ihen I'll go on to (the intelLectual chaUenge).

And finaLly l' (discuss future carcers) .

b) Match phrases r-r3 to headings a)-e).

a) to make the flrst polnt ?

9C Real World

a ) a o m p l e r e r h e \ ( e r r ( n c c * i r h r h e c o n r c r

a) liirst alL.lers s(arl looking ir

t h e p r u b l ' n h " r o , u r h l F r \ o u n g f o p l r

b) Lealing thar aside a nonenr ler's

rhe advaltages forsociety in having apprenriceship schemes.c) Now I'll talk bowa rraDsfer ofskills

u I I b p | | l I r d r d J d l b o r l , \ n r 1 8 r n J "l , ld) As I said , the berefils will beconsiderable

e) nd ro go a poinr I madeearlier, the elderly have sLills rhey can pass

on to lhe young, ancl vice versa

f) To sun1 , whar we need is to lind a

$ d \ r o r n J , r g e m o r p ro p r n r i L L h r p

s) coDclusion, unless we do sonerhiDgsoon, ihe outcone loolc bleak

b) Woik in pairs Answer these questions

r \\4rar is the ulk in 7a) abour?

2 Do you lhink it! a good ideal Whv?/^\.lry nor?

3 Would il be iil€vant to your countryTwht?Avhy not?

G , a ) $ o r k ' n p a i r \ Y o u a r c e a c h soins ro s'\c a

r w o - m r n u l e l a t R o n t h c 5 a m c lo p i c t o ddifferent partner Choose one of rhese ropics

or your owa and then tollow insrncrions I 3

a Juk mail should be nade illegal

e Public rranspon should b€ free

,, Everyone should hale a threeday veekend

* People should have to rerire aI50

1 Make a lisi of rhings ).ou could include nr

2 Put your ljsr in a logical order and makenotes on whar )ou ar€ going ro say abour

3 Tliink about how to open and close your lalk b) Work on your o.ll'rl Think about whar )-ou are going to say Mahe notes.

c) work with your pa ner trom 0a) Take turns to practise giving your talk Give each other advice on how to improve it.

Give clearer signaLs ta show how the taLk is Uary yout voice narc.

Cive mare eye contact.

Work with a new partner who has prepared a dillerent talk Take turns ro give your ralk Was your panner convinced by your arguments?

b) to refer to a point rnade earlier

c) to sign:l a new point

d) to summarise whatt been said so far

e) to signalthe tast poiit/bring

c) Look at R9.5 and R9.6, pl58- Look at the phrases in

bold and notice horv the talk is structured.

9 Review Language Summary S, p142

@ rl1intrre gaps",lh Gese$ords @ :i::i,l':,;1;iil,:::li 1'*,n

lo4an6 tag reasonably

half effective over

HoN could he attord to bu,v thai

car? lr cosr a lb4!i4e l

I expcct€d this to cosl a lot more,

b t i t ! f c e d

li lvas originally €60 but I got

it for price el0

Elcusc me Lhis hasnl gor a pdce

Holv tnuch ]s it?

lindertlNr heaung is 'l Yer-a

neaong your nome

Thatls priced I !e

seen chcaper elsewhere

eio{+f proof ish abte retated conscious free

Someone you can trust conplelely is lrusr woltlly Someone with sort olgrcen e)'es hxs greer eles.

SomeLhing you can aford is affod

Soneone who considers safcq'

is particularll imporlanl is Whcn an illness is dlre Io slress

3 Soneone ivho has srmilar ideas

to )'our olrn is a likc'b) work in pairs Compare

a) Read the story what do youthink dre moral ofthe story is?

m a s t e r a n d s a i d ' l s D l i t , 3terribLe dring the boy has broken, 1 t e g ? , ,5 Z e nrnaster said, Leii wait and see."Then 26 lerv nonths later,

2 1 c o u n t r y w e D t to $ a r s i t h'z, neighboudDg countD and

31 Zen nastcr and said,'lsnl it 36 ivonderful thing

he doesn't havc to go to war?"''Ler.s q.ait an.l see," said the Zen

b) Fill in tk gaps with d/dn lhr,one or no article (-) Sometimestkre is nore than one possible

c) work in paas Compareanslvers Do you h.rve the sameanswers? Ifnot are both answerspossible?

a) Choose the correcn er-b

form Sometimes both are

possible

r Kim! nerv laptop raldt

we ighs / s h a rd Ly weig h i n g

anylhing al rll

2 \or shoLtld weigh/be weighing

thr iigredients il you want thc

3 lhe) havelre ravlrg ihejr ovn

turniture business

4 I expect/'m expecting yar'll

be 'ery tircd ali€r such a

5 Ther\ someone aI the door

Arc you expecting/Do yau expect

6 She /eelsli/eel/rs very relaxed

7 This chair /eelsl'r leelmg \'ery

I a I think/ nthinking hes rery

B lts, I Jeelmreelrg whar

9 Ihat doesn t fit/kn t fitting ir rhe

kitchen lt! loo big

10 She appean/ s appearing ir a

nclv produclion ol Hanlel

rr It appea^/lJ appearrrg )ou $,ere

righr llels goirlg to iesign

b) $brk h pairs Compare

ans$'ers Discuss {'hy you chose

the answers you did

r4 lilrle boy lronr 'zpoor lillage uscd ro walk

3 l o n g d i s l a n c e s h o m

1 lilhgc to lnother,sellulg baskels Then Iday 6 httle boy wasgiven'z bicvcle 3villagrF went 1o 1 Zennaster and said, 'This isr0 wonderlul thjng to

a) Tick thc things you cal1 do

m e a n i n g can follow a shorl presentaton on a subject I may or may not be lamiliarwith can plan and give a talk on a sullject am tamiliar with.

b) what do you nced to stuc\ againl