ĐÂY LÀ BỘ TÀI LIỆU CHUYÊN ĐỀ WORDFORMVERBFORMVERBTENSE KẾT HỢP 3 DẠNG HAY GIÚP HỌC SINH PHÂN LOẠI ĐƯỢC 3 DẠNG BÀI CHỦ YẾU TRONG CÁC KỲ THI THPT QUỐC GIA. TRONG LUYỆN THI ĐẠI HỌC CŨNG NHƯ ÔN LUYỆN KIẾN THỨC CĂN BẢN TIẾNG ANH
Trang 1VERB FORM
I Bare infinitive: (bare) động từ nguyên mẫu không To
1 Sau modal verbs: Will Shall/ should / could/ can / may / must/ might/ had better/would rather
and why not ?
2 Sau auxilary verbs: do, does, did
3 Sau make, let, help (sau help có thể có To inf)
Passive voice → dùng to inf theo sau Trừ let (But in passive : feel, +O + to infinitive)
4 Sau động từ chỉ giác quan:(verbs of perception): see, hear, smell, feel, taste, watch, notice …
Vo (bare) → hành động đã xong
S + V + object
Vo (ing) → hành động đang diễn ra
5 Sau had better (tốt hơn) would rather (thà thì hơn), had sooner
6 Sau thành ngữ: to do nothing but + Vo (bare): không làm gì cả mà chỉ
Can not but + Vo(bare): không còn cách nào khác
7 Causative form (Thể sai khiến):
S + have + object (chỉ người) + Vo (bare)
8 Simple present tense: I, you, we, they +Vo (bare)
9 Bắt đầu câu mệnh lệnh: (imprative)
10 Do anything/ nothing/ everything But/ Except + bare infinitive
II To infinitive (V1) động từ nguyên mẫu có To)
1 Rút gọn clause of result theo công thức sau (phrase of result)
S + V + too adj/adv (for object )+ to inf
S + V + too + adjective + a + noun + infinitive
S + V + adj/adv enough (for object)+to inf (enough + noun + to- inf)
2 Rút gọn: clause of purpose theo mẫu sau (phrase of purpose)
to inf
S + V + in order for object to inf
so as to inf
3 It + take+ (object) + time + to inf
4 Causative form: S+ get + object (chỉ người) + to inf
5 to inf after question words : what / where/ who / whom/ which/ when / how …………
6/ Những động từ sau đây, theo sau là to infinitive: S + V + to inf
1 afford : cung cấp đủ
2 agree : đồng ý
3 appear : có vẻ
4 arrange : sắp xếp
5 ask : hỏi
6 attempt : cố gắng
7 beg : đề nghị, xin
8 care : quan tâm
9 claim : cho là, tuyên bố
10 consent : đồng ý, tán thành
11 decide : quyết định
12 demand : yêu cầu
13 deserve : xứng đáng
14 expect : trông đợi
15 dare : dám
16 fail : thất bại
17 forget : quên (tương lai)
18 hesitate : ngập ngừng
19 hope : hy vọng
20 learn : học
21 manage : xoay xở
22 mean : muốn
23 need : cần (chủ động, người)
24 offer : mời
25 plan : dự định, kế hoạch
26 prepare : chuẩn bị
27 pretend : giả vờ
28 promise : hứa
29 refuse : từ chối
30 regret : tiếc (tương lai)
31 remember : nhớ (tương lai)
32 seem : dường như
33 struggle : đấu tranh, cố gắng
34 swear : thề
35 threaten : dọa
36 tend : có khuynh hướng
37 volunteer : tình nguyện, xung phong
38 wait : đợi
39 want : muốn (chủ động)
40 wish : ao ước
10.b Những động từ sau đây, theo sau là Obj + to inf: S + V + objective + to inf
23 require : yêu cầu
24 recommend : khuyên
Trang 23 ask : hỏi, đòi hỏi
6 challenge : thách thức, thách đố
7 convince : thuyết phục
9 encourage : khuyến khích
10 expect : trông đợi
12 force : bắt buộc
14 instruct : chỉ dẫn
18 intend : dự định
19 order : ra lệnh
20 permit : cho phép
21 persuade : thuyết phục
22 remind : nhắc lại
27 urge : thúc giục, thuyết phục
31 would like : thích
32 would prefer : thích
33 appoint : chỉ định ai làm gì
34 charge : giao nhiệm vụ
35 choose : lựa chọn
36 compel : cưỡng bách
38 desire : ao ước, thèm thuồng
39 direct : hướng dẫn, chỉ huy
40 implore : yêu cầu
41 provoke : xúi giục
42 Teach, explain, know, understand, discover, consider, think, believe + how + to inf:Chỉ cách thức
III Gerund: Danh động từ:
A Gerund as a noun (subj , obj, complement & appositive)
1 Đứng sau thành ngữ: it is no use, it is no good:
there is no use, there is no good: vô ích can’t stand / bear / help: không thể chịu được
2 Sau hai tính từ: busy, worth
3 after prepositions (Prepositional Object )
Ex: she is interested in listening to music.
Note : look forward to / be ( get) used to / be accustomed to/ object to / confess to / contribute to / take to + Ving ( to here :preposition)
4 Adverbial Modifier ( trạng ngữ)
By/Without + V-ing ( thể cách) He earns money by doing manual work.
He looked at me without saying anything
For + V-ing ( mục đích) Money is used for buying things.
After/at/in/on/before while/ upon + V-ing ( thời gian)
On returning home I found that the door was open
We ate while listening to the radio.
B Gerund as a verb: có object hoặc được bổ nghĩa bởi một trạng từ
1 admit : thừa nhận
2 advise : khuyên (không object)
3 anticipate : tham gia
4 appreciate : đánh giá cao
5 avoid : tránh
6 complete : hòan thành
7 consider : xem xét
8 delay : trì hõan
9 dread : sợ
10 detest : ghét
11 discuss : thảo luận
12 dislike : không thích
13 deny : từ chối
14 enjoy : thưởng thức
15 excuse : xin lỗi
16 finish : hoàn thành
17 forget : quên (qúa khứ)
26 hate : ghét
27 mention : nhắc tới, nĩi tới
28 mind : phiền
29 miss : nhớ, lỡ, mất
30 postpone : đình, hõan
31 prevent : ngăn cản
32 practise : luyện tập
33 recall : gợi lại, nhớ lại
34 recollect : gợi lại
35 recommend: khuyên, dặn dò
36 regret : tiếc nuối (quá khứ)
37 remember: nhớ (qúa khứ)
38 resent : tức giận, phật ý
39 resist : cưỡng lại, phản kháng
40 risk : liều lĩnh
41 stop : ngừng, từ bỏ
42 start : (hoặc To inf)
Trang 318 forgive : tha thứ
19 fancy : tưởng tượng
20 imagine : tưởng tượng
21 involve : làm liên lụy
22 include : bao gồm
23 keep : tiếp tục
24 love : (hoặc To inf)
25 like : thích
43 suggest : đề nghị
44 tolerate : bỏ qua
45 understand: hiểu
46 restrict : hạn chế, giảm bớt, ngăn ngừa
* can’t bear, can’t stand, can’t help
* it is no use, it is no good, there is no use
* look forward to
* busy, be worth
* there's no point in have difficulty/ trouble
Note:
Stop + to V: có nghĩa là: dừng lại để làm một việc gì dó
Ex: I met my old friend when I was going to work, so I stopped to talk with him (tôi đang đi, tôi dừng
lại để nói chuyện)
Stop + Ving ~ give up: Bỏ thôi không làm một việc gì đó
Ex: The students stopped talking when the teacher came in (trong trường hợp này có nghĩa là nhóm học
sinh đã thôi không nói chuyện nữa).
Forget + to V: quên làm gì đó ~ (not) remember to + V
Ex: I forgot to lock the door, so I had to come back to lock it (câu này nghĩa là tôi đã quên không khoá
cửa vì thế tôi phải quay trở về để khoá)
Forget + Ving: Quên là đã làm gì ~ (not) remember + Ving
Ex: I forgot meeting him (Câu này nghĩa là tôi đã gặp anh ta rồi nhưng không nhớ là mình đã gặp)
Regret + to V: tiếc nuối khi làm gì(thường là thông báo cho ai đó một tin không tốt)
Ex: I regret to tell you that the match has been cancelled.
Regret + Ving: Hối hận là đã làm gì
Ex: I regret telling him my problem.(tôi hối tiếc là đã nói cho anh ta biết về khó khăn của tôi.)
Remember/Forget/Regret V – ing: một việc đã xảy ra
To-infinitive: một việc chưa xảy ra/ cần phải làm
Try V – ing: thử làm một việc gì
To – infinitive: cố gắng làm một việc gì
Need/want/require V – ing (need + to be + Vpp): mang nghĩa bị động (chủ ngữ chỉ vật)
To – infinitive: mang nghĩa chủ động (chủ ngữ chỉ người)
Like/Dislike/Prefer/Hate/Detest V – ing: thích/ghét thật sự
To-infinitive: thích vì cho là tốt nên làm
Prefer + V-ing to V-ing: thích cái gì hơn cái gì
Feel like + Vo ing: thích cái gì đó
Advise, allow, permit O + To infi
Vo- ing
Advise/allow/recommend/permit/forbid + O + to Infinitive
Advise/allow/recommend/permit (no Object) + Gerund (V-ing )
Go on + to inf = move to something different
Go on + gerund = continue doing the same thing
Mean (meaning 'intend')+ to infinitive: I mean to get to the top by sunrise.
Mean {meaning 'involve' (used only with an impersonal subject)} + the gerund:
He is determined to get a seat even if it means standing in a queue all night.
Prefer to do and prefer doing
*'prefer to (do)' or 'prefer ~ing' (what you prefer in general):
* I don't like cities I prefer to live in the country or I prefer living in the country
The differences in structure after prefer We say:
- Prefer sth to sth else Or prefer doing sth to doing sth else.
But prefer to do sth rather than (do) sth else.
Ex: * I prefer this coat to the coat you were wearing yesterday.
* I prefer driving to travelling by train.
but * I prefer to drive rather than travel by train.
* Ann prefers to live in the country rather than (live) in a city.
Would prefer (I'd prefer ) (what somebody wants in a particular situation not in general):
Trang 4* 'Would you prefer tea or coffee?' 'Coffee, please.'
We say 'would prefer to do' (not 'doing'):
* 'Shall we go by train?' 'Well, I'd prefer to go by car.' (not 'I'd prefer going')
* I'd prefer to stay at home tonight rather than go to the cinema.
Verbs + possessive adjective/pronoun object + gerund
Would you mind + Vo- ing?
Would you mind if + S + past Subjunctive …?
Recommend, begin, start, continue + To inf /Vo – ing
TENSES Thì
(Hiện tại đơn)
SIMPLE PAST
(Quá khứ đơn)
ed
Nhận biết
( signal
words)
- always, usually, occasionally, often, …
- Every: every day, every year…
- Once a day, twice…, 3 times…
- Nowadays, frequently, from time to time, normally, regularly, occasionally, as a rule.
- yesterday, this +time
- last + time: last week, last Sunday…
- Time + ago: two months ago, five years ago…
- in the past
- This morning
Thì
Dạng PRESENT CONTINUOUS(Hiện tại tiếp diễn) PAST CONTINUOUS(Quá khứ tiếp diễn)
Nhận biết
( signal
words)
- now, at present, right now, still, Today,
- At the moment, this week, these days,
- Sau câu mệnh lệnh :
Keep silent! The baby is sleeping.
Look! He is running.
* Note: Những động từ không được dùng ở thì HTTD:
- Động từ chỉ giác quan: hear,
see, smell, taste, feel
- Động từ chỉ tình cảm, cảm
xúc: love, hate, like, dislike, want, wish
- Động từ chỉ trạng thái, sự
liên hệ, sở hữu: look, seem,
appear, have, own, belong to, need, realize …
- Động từ chỉ sinh hoạt trí tuệ:
agree, understand, remember, know, forget
- At that moment
- When / As + S + (simple past), S + was/ were
Ving When I came, she was crying.
- While :
A dog crossed the road while I was driving.
- As long as
Thì
(Hiện tại hồn thành)
PAST PERFECT
(Qúa thứ hồn thành)
ed
( signal words) - Just, already, ever, yet, recently, lately,
- since, for : since 2000, for 3 years
- so far, up to now, for ages, for a long time, up to the present, how long, this is the first time/second time…
- many times / several times
- V(simple past) + after + S + had +V3
ed
- S + had V 3
ed + before + V(simple past)
- By the time/end + S + V (simple past), S +
had V 3
ed : cho đến lúc
- By + (the past time): by 2003, by last year
- By the time + clause
Trang 5Thì
( FUTURE without INTENTION )
(Tương lai đơn)(tương lai không dự định)
FUTURE with INTENTION
(Tương lai dự định)
( signal words) - tomorrow, maybe, perhaps,think,not
think
- next + time : next week, next Monday
- in the future
- Tomorrow, next day, today,
- Look!, Take care!,
Note: Một số cách hòa hợp thì giữa mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian:
1 TLĐ + until / when / as soon as + HTĐ I will phone you when I arrive the airport.
2 TLĐ + after + HTHT He will go home after
he has finished his work.
3 QKĐ + while / when / as + QKTD (hành động ngắn – dài)
It started to rain while the boys were playing football.
4 QKTD + while + QKTD (hai hành động song song)
Last night, I was doing my homework while my sister was playing games.
5 HTHT + since + QKĐ I have worked here since I graduated.
6 TLHT + by / by the time + HTĐ He will have left by the time you arrive.
7 QKHT + by the time / before + QKĐ (hành động trước – sau)
He had left by the time I came.
8 QKĐ + after + QKHT I went out after I had finished my homework.
Khi chia động từ cần chú ý sự hòa hợp của chủ ngữ (S) và động từ (V):
- S 1 + and + S 2 => chia ĐT số nhiều Ví dụ: Tom and Mary were late yesterday.
- Each, every, no + noun => chia ĐT số ít Ví dụ: Each boy and girl has a textbook No student is present
- (N)either + S1 + (n)or + S2 => chia ĐT theo S2 Ví dụ: He or you are the best student.
Neither I nor he likes football.
-S1 , as well as + S 2 => chia theo S 1 Ví dụ: John, as well as you, is responsible for that report.
* Chủ ngữ là danh từ chỉ đo lường, giá cả, tiền => chia ĐT số ít Ví dụ : 5,000 dollars is a big sum of money.
* Đại từ bất định (everyone, something, nobody…) => chia ĐT số ít Ví dụ : Everybody is in the room. EXERCISE 1:
Câu 1: What we need most books.
Câu 2: I’m sure I locked the door I clearly remember _ it.
A to be locked B to have locked C to lock D locking
Câu 3: I meant to get up early but I forgot _ up my alarm clock.
Câu 4: Both a poem and a short story been written by the young author.
Câu 5: Are you _ of the danger that you are facing?
Trang 6A sensation B senseless C sense D sensible
Câu 6: There a few flowers in this garden last summer.
Câu 7: I consider the job but in the end I decided against doing it.
Câu 8: Collecting old coins and paper notes one of my hobbies.
Câu 9: I don’t like the hot weather Thirty degrees too warm for me.
Câu 10: The number of pupils getting poor marks since the beginning of the semester appalling.
Câu 11: I can’t imagine _ a car!
A having not B to not have C not having D not to have
Câu 12: A decade a period of ten years.
Câu 13: We asked the piano so early in the morning, but she won't.
A Marie to stop playing B Marie stop to play
C Marie to stop to play D that Marie stops playing
Câu 14: Do stop _ I am doing my homework.
Câu 15: The teacher encouraged _ the football team
Câu 16: The teacher permits us _ out in a minute.
Câu 17: I promise that I won’t forget _ the cat.
Câu 18: Tom doesn’t agree but the rest of us .
Câu 19: If you walk into the road without looking, you risk _ knocked down.
Câu 20: A good teacher makes her students the world from new perspectives.
EXERCISE 2
Câu 21: The English to drink tea.
Câu 22: He reminded me _ to give the book back to John
Câu 23: The skiers would rather through the mountains than go by bus.
A traveling by the train B to travel on train
Câu 24: How can you let such a silly incident your friendship?
Câu 25: Harry says she doesn’t remember _ Sally before.
Câu 26: I remember to Paris when I was a very small child.
Câu 27: must go now I promised _ late.
Câu 28: Could you please stop _so much noise ?
Trang 7A to make B make C to have made D making
Câu 29: Have you finished _ your hair yet ?
Câu 30: One of the girls in this department is my niece.
Câu 31: Jim is 65, but he isn’t going to retire yet He wants to carry on _
Câu 32: Much progress been made in recent years.
Câu 33: As we entered the room, we saw a rat towards a hole in the skirting board.
A was scampering B to scamper C scamper D scampering
Câu 34: I really missed _tennis as I used to.
Câu 35: The Games really became a festival that impressed sports _
A enthusiasts B enthusiastic C enthusiasm D enthuse
Câu 36: He tried to avoid _ my question.
Câu 37: If you‘ve got a headache, why don’t you try _ an aspirin?
Câu 38: Three weeks _not enough holiday.
Câu 39: She tries to be serious, but she couldn’t help _
A to laugh B that she laughed C laughing D laugh
Câu 40: Neither he nor they here yesterday.
EXERCISE 3
Câu 41: We’ve arranged _ outside the school at about 4.30.
Câu 42: Linguistics out the ways in which languages work.
Câu 43: You can’t stop me _ what I want.
Câu 44: It’s not worth _a return ticket.
Câu 45: The Philippines of more than 7,000 islands.
Câu 46: The United Nations its head quarters in New York city.
Câu 47: The examiner made us _ our identification in order to be admitted to the test center.
Câu 48: My parents wouldn't _ to the party.
A allow me going B allow to go C allow me go D allow me to go
Câu 49: The police come to the site of the accident.
Câu 50: Jim as well as I always busy doing English homework.
Câu 51: Mr Thomson with his wife and his three children abroad.
Câu 52: My brother together with his friends often in the park.
Trang 8A jog B jogging C to jog D jogs
Câu 53: ‘How about going to the theater?' 'OK,' but I would rather a concert.'
Câu 54: Five thousand pounds stolen in the robbery last night.
Câu 55: We hope that the students themselves will enjoy part in the projects.
Câu 56: We are going to have my house _ tomorrow morning.
Câu 57: good ice cream, you need to use a lot of cream.
Câu 58: Everybody trying to do their best at present.
Câu 59: One of my neighbours curious about other people’s private life.
Câu 60: He urged us faster.
EXERCISE 4
Câu 61: Not only a dog but also two cats at home in his garage.
Câu 62: Do you want _ with you or do you want to go alone?
A me to come B that I will come C that I come D me coming
Câu 63: The pilot along with his passengers rescued last night.
Câu 64: The panda’s habitat is the bamboo forest.
Câu 65: “All right, I’ll wait for you” She agreed _ for me
Câu 66: They supper when the telephone rang.
A were having B have been having C have had D had
Câu 67: Sally's low test scores kept her from _ to the university.
A being admitted B to admit C admitting D to be admitted
Câu 68: All the passengers were made their seat belts during the turbulence.
Câu 69: That you take a computer course very necessary.
Câu 70: I got my friend her car for the weekend.
A let me borrow B to let me borrow C let me to borrow D to let me to borrow
Câu 71: Her mother prevented her from out alone at night.
Câu 72: My brother is studying _ engineering
Câu 73: A large number of reporters at the meeting yesterday.
Câu 74: The problem of among young people is hard to solve.
Câu 75: Farmers can enrich the soil by using .
Câu 76: Each of you a share in the work.
Trang 9A to have B having C have D has
Câu 77: She always dreams, but nothing to realize her dreams.
Câu 78: Some people are concerned with physical _ when choosing a wife or husband.
A attractiveness B attraction C attractive D attractively
Câu 79: Look at the state of the gate It needs as soon as possible.
A being repaired B be repaired C repairing D to repair
Câu 80: A number of students volunteered to the job.
EXERCISE 5
Câu 81: Would you mind showing me how the lift?
Câu 82: Neither Daisy nor I glad to do that.
Câu 83: I like _the kitchen as often as possible.
Câu 84: Ann offered _after our children while we were out
Câu 85: She promised back again
Câu 86: “She _tea”, let’s go to the dinning room.
A was making B has made C has been making D made
Câu 87: Martin failed _ the rent on time again.
Câu 88: Alice didn't expect to Bill's party.
Câu 89: Either John or his children breakfast each morning.
Câu 90: Tracey doesn’t want _ her friends and family.
Câu 91: He has been very interested in doing research on _ since he was at high school.
Câu 92: My mother made me _ at home at night.
Câu 93: Last summer, he to Ha Long Bay.
Câu 94: I you for ages.
Câu 95: If we leave now for our trip, we can drive half the distance before we stop _ lunch.
Câu 96: Are you sure you told me about the party? I don't recall _ about it.
A having been told B to have been told C having told D to have told
Câu 97: Linda likes wearing _ clothes.
Câu 98: Her own mistakes made her very _ of the faults of others.
Câu 99: Working as an astronaut require high _ knowledge.
Trang 10Câu 100: It is interesting _ a good film.
- HẾT