B 2 UNIT 6 SCIENCE N TECHNOLOGY

.to us that there are teams of scientists in universities and other institutions around the world, attempting to 2.. into many different areas of science, and they often received very li

B 2 / UNIT 6 SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ( Khoa học và công nghệ)

TOPIC VOCABULARY

1- artificial (adj) / ,a:t1’f1~6l/ = nhân tạo

(n) /,resp6’re1~6n / = hô hấp nhân

tạo

– artificial heart / a: / / flowers

– false (adj) / f0ls/ = giả : false teeth

= răng giả

- a fake passport / fe1k / = hộ chiếu

giả

- fake + bomb / gun / goods /

money / name / nose / news ,

2- natural (adj) / ’n`t~6r6l/ = thiên/ tự

nhiên

- natural beauty ( vẻ đẹp thiên nhiên)

– physical (adj) = thuộc quy luật /

khoa học tự nhiên

-physical map : bản đồ tự nhiên ( vẽ

sông , núi…)

– physical science

3- true (adj) / u: / = thật , đúng

– true love = tình yêu chân chính

– come true = trở thành sự thật

Your dream will come true

4- accurate (adj) / ‘`kj6re1t / = chính

xác

- An accurate watch - accurate time

5- method (n) / ’me86d / = way =

phương pháp , cách thức

6- engine (n) / ’end21n / = động cơ – a

car engine

- machine (n) / m6’~i:n / = máy - a

washing machine

- motor (n) / ‘m6$t6/ = động cơ , mô

tơ

- an electric motor = mô tơ điện

7- aim (n) = mục tiêu

- cause (n) + of = nguyên nhân , chính nghĩa

– reason (n) + for / why = lý do 8- estimate (v) / ‘est1me1t/ = ước lượng – calculate (v) / ‘k`lkjule1t/ = tính toán

9- electric (adj) / 1’lektr1k / = chạy bằng điện

: electric rice cooker /$ / – electronic (adj) = hoạt động bằng điện tử

: electronic mail / 1,lek’tr0n1k / = email

10- invent (v) = phát minh – discover (v) = khám phá 11- research (n) / r1’s3:t~/ = nghiên cứu

- experiment (n) = thí / thử nghiệm 12- progress (n) / ‘pr6$gres /

‘pr0:gres / = tiến bộ

- development (n) = phát triển 13- modern (adj) / ‘m0d6n/ = most recent = hiện đại

14- industry (n) / ’1nd6str1 / = công nghiệp

– factory (n) = nhà máy 15- award (n) / 6’w0:d / = giải thưởng – reward (n) = tiền / phần thưởng cho

ai bắt được tôi phạm / chó đi lạc ,

16- take place = occur = happen (v) = xảy ra

PHRASAL VERBS

1- break down = máy hư

2- carry out / ’k`r1 / = thực hiện , thi

hành

3- come off = thành công

4- come on = tiến bộ , phát triển

5- come up with = nghĩ ra , tìm ra

6- cut off = cúp điện / nước

7- find out = khám phá

8- give off = tỏa ra , xông lên ( mùi / khói )

9- narrow down / ‘n`r6$ / = giới hạn , lọc ra

10- plug in = cắm điện 11- put through = nối máy điện thoại 12- turn into = chuyển đổi thành 13- work out = tìm ra giải pháp PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS

1- attempt (v) , (n) / 6’tempt/ = cố gắng

- make an attempt to + V

-make an attempt at + V-ing

2- average (n) / ’`v6r1d2 / = trung bình

7-fact (n) = sự việc , dữ kiện , sự thực

- in fact = thật vậy , thực ra -as a matter of fact = thật ra , thật tình

mà nói

3- bottom (n) = phần dưới cùng , đáy ,

mông

4- cause (n) = nguyên nhân – (v) / k0:z/

= gây ra

5- conclusion (n) / k6n’klu:26n / =kết

luận

– in conclusion = để kết luận

6- experiment (n) / 1k’sper1m6nt / = thí

nghiệm

– to conduct / carry out experiments

on = thiến hành thử nghiệm về

- (v) experiment with / 1k’sper1ment

/

- to face the facts: đối mặt với / chấp nhận sự thật

7-introduction (n) = giới thiệu – with the introduction of = đưa vào sử dụng lần đầu , với việc ra đời / giới thiệu -introduction to sth = nhập môn, dẫn luận

8-make a phone call = gọi điện thoại 9-research (n) = nghiên cứu

- to carry out / do research (on / into sth)

= thực hiện / làm nghiên cứu

WORD PATTERNS

1- cause sth to do (v) = gây ra

2- consider (v) + V-ing = xem xét

– be considered + to V / be

considered + adj

This is considered (to be) very

important

- consider as = coi như là

- consider + it + adj

Do you consider it wise to

interfere?

- consider sb for sth = xem xét ai để

tuyển việc

3- discuss + V-ing (v) = thảo luận

4- explain sth to sb (v) = giải thích

5- intend (v) + V-ing / + to + V = dự

định

6- know of (v) = biết = to have heard of

someone or something and be able to

give a small amount of information

about them

Do you know of a good doctor?

- known as = called = được gọi là

7- look at = nhìn – look for = tìm kiếm – look after = chăm sóc – look up = tra từ / thông tin 8- manage (v) / ’m`n1d2/ = xoay xở

- managed = was / were able to + V = succeeded in = thành công

9- plan (v) , (n) = kế hoạch , dự định 10- possible (a) = có thể

- find sth possible – find it impossible to

do 11- result (n) + of = hậu quả

- as a result of = do đó – result in (v) = dẫn đến – result from (v) = do 12- wonder (v) / ’w^nd6/ = tự hỏi

WORD FORMATION

1- appear (v) = xuất hiện

– dường như + adj

: He appears unfriendly

– There appears to be some mistake

( Dường như có sự nhầm lẫn

– apparently (adv) / 6’p`r6ntl1 / =

hình như

2- explain (v) / 1k’sple1n /

- explanation (n) / ,ekspl6’ne1~6n / =

giải thích

3- introductory (a) / ,1ntr6’d^kt6r1 / =

giới thiệu , mở đầu

4- observe (v) / 6b’z3:v / = quan sát ,

6- researcher (n) = nhà nghiên cứu 7- revolution (n) / ,rev6’lu:~6n / = cách mạng , sự xoay vòng

- revolutionary (a) / ,rev6’lu:~6n6r1 / 8- science (n) / ‘sa16ns / = khoa học – scientist (n) = nhà khoa học – scientific (a) / ,sa16n’t1f1k / 9- technology (n) / tek’n0l6d21 / = công nghệ

-technological (a) / ,tekn6’l0d21kl / 10- technique (n) / tek’ni:k / = kỹ thuật

– technician (n) / tek’n1~6l / = kỹ

nhận thấy

– observer (n) = người quan sát

– observation (n) / ,0bz6’ve1~6n /

5- psychology (n) / sa1’k0l6d2i / = tâm

lý (học)

psychologist (n) = nhà tâm lý học

– psychological (a) / ,sa1k6’l0d21kl /

thuật viên – technical (a) / ‘tekn1kl / 11- wood (n) / w$d / = gỗ

- wooden (a) = làm bằng gỗ

- wooden furniture

A- READING

It seems entirely (1) to us that there are teams of scientists in universities and other institutions around the world, attempting to (2) the way the world works However, it hasn't always been that (3) Although the scientific method is now four or five hundred years old, the ancient Greeks, for example, beiieved that they could work out the (4) of natural events just by the power of thought.

During the 17 th century, more and more people began to realise that they could (5) their scientific ideas by designing a relevant (6) and seeing what happened A lot of (7) was made

in this way by individual scientists.These men and women often worked alone, carrying out (8) into many different areas of science, and they often received very little (9) for their hard work At the start

of the 20 th century, though, it became (10) that science was becoming more complicated and more expensive The individual scientst disappeared, to be replaced by highly qualified teams of experts Modern science was born.

5 A calculate B estimate C measure D test

B- READING

It seems entirely (1) to us that there are teams of scientists in

universities and other institutions around the world, attempting to (2) the way the world works However, it hasn't always been that (3) Although the scientific method is now four or five hundred years old, the ancient Greeks, for

example, beiieved that they could work out the (4) of natural events just by the power of thought

During the 17th century, more and more people began to realise that they could (5) their

scientific ideas by designing a relevant (6) and seeing what happened A lot

of (7) was

made in this way by individual scientists.These men and women often worked alone, carrying out (8) into many different areas of science, and they often

received very little (9) for their hard work At the start of the 20th century, though, it became (10) that science was becoming more complicated and more expensive The individual scientst disappeared, to be replaced by highly

qualified teams of experts Modern science was born

1

B- Circle the correct word

1 Many materials have been used for artificial / false teeth, including wood.

2 Be careful! You might give yourself an electric / electronic shock!

3 I'm afraid the problem with your washing machine is the engine / motor

4 Many employers in the chemicals industry / factory object to the new law.

5 My computing exam is taking place / occurring next week.

6 Technology is a fundamental part of new / modem life.

7 We had our car serviced and it seems there's a problem with the engine /

machine.

PHRASAL VERBS C- Complete using the correct form of the words in the box.

plug • turn • carry • narrow • put • work • come • break

1 A lorry had down on the motorway and we had to wait for over an hour

2 I have it down to two computer games, but I still can't make uo my mind

3 I wish you would the TV off and go outside and get some exercise

4 Scientists are trying to out ways to reduce pollution from aircraft

5 Tomorrow, we will be out an experiment to test this theory

6 Who up with the idea of the ball point pen?

7 I'll just you through to our research department Please hold on

8 No wonder the vacuum cleaner isn't working.You haven't

it in!

E- Choose the correct answer

1- I don’t think people should be allowed to perform experiments

animals

A- for B- over C- on D- to

2- There was an explosion in technology the beginning of the 20th

century

A- in B- at C- through D- on

3- Let’s face -we are destroying the environment and we need to do something now

A- truth B- facts C- things D- information

4- The distance from the Earth to the Sun is , average, about 149 million kilometers

5- It’s amazing that creatures survive the bottom of the ocean

A- in B- by C- at D- to

6- Fox Talbot the first photograph in 1835

a- gave b- did c- drewd- took

7- Researchers have to the conclusion that your personality is

affected by your genes

8- Do you mind if I just a quick phone call from here

9- Many lives were saved the introduction of antibiotics

10- The of the nuclear accident is still unknown

a-reason b- cause c- base d- motive

11- My father works at the university, doing research weather control

12- The telescope will photograph distant galaxies, an attempt to understand their past

a-on b- for c- with d- in

G REWRITE : Write between two and five words in each gap

1- The mistake by scientists caused a massive explosion IN

The mistake by scientists

a massive explosion

2-Dr Atherton finally succeeded in discovering the secret formula MANAGED Dr Atherton finally

the secret formula

3-Another name for iron oxide is 'fool's gold' AS

Iron oxide 'fool's gold'

4- Many local residents intend to protest about the nuclear power plant PLAN

Many local residents about the nuclear power plant

5- We are thinking of appointing Dr Knignt to the position of Professor

CONSIDERING

We the position of Professor

7- We cannot live in outer space without special equipment US

 It to live in outer space

without soecial equipment

WORD FORMATION Qualcomp Powertop

Qualcomp have just brought out their (1) ( revolution ) new handheld computer, the Powertop It's (2) ( possible) not

to love it, with its smooth, shiny (3) and its bright

screen It might not be the best (4) (introduce) to handheld computing because it is quite advanced, but you'll find an (5) (explain) of all the features in the detailed manual The Powertop has been (6) ( science) designed to fit a lot of computing power in your

palm.The (7) (invent) of a unique wireless Internet

connection means there's a world of (8) (discover) just

waiting for you We give the Powertop nine out often

Complete the sentences by changing the FORM of the word in capitals when this is necessary

1-Did you know that George Washington had (WOOD)

teeth?

2- The old astronomer patiently made his (OBSERVE) and wrote down what

he saw

3- (RESEARCH) have anrounced that a major breakthrough has been made

4-I'm planning to train as a (PSYCHOLOGY) when I grow up

5- That red (BUILD) over there is the Science

Department

6- The scientist said she had an announcement of international (IMPORTANT)

7-Science Weekly has a special (INTRODUCE) offer - the first issue is free!

8- If there are aliens out there, do you think they are much more

(TECHNOLOGY) advanced than we are?

REVIEW

WORD FORM EGYPT AND SOUTH AMERICA

There is still no adequate (1) (explain) why, several

thousand years ago, cultures in Doth Egypt and South America saw the (2)

(introduce) of pyramids Was it coincidence? Many

(3) (science) believe that it was, and state that there is

no (4) ( possible) at all that people from two distant

continents traded information on (5) (build) techniques

However, some (6) (revolution) theories in recent years,

based on the (7) (discover) that the two cultures also share

key myths, legends and beliefs, suggest that the (8) (appear)

of pyramids on opposite sides of the world was no coincidence at all One (9)

(research)

working on this, Crystal Davis, said :”The (10) of finding out

the truth here cannot be exaggerated It could change our whole understanding of the

history of the world.”

B- Match to make sentences

11 The fax machine has broken A out by physicists which prove that time can speed up

12 A number of experiments have been and slow down

13 Whoever came C off for over three hours yesterday

14 The electricity was cut D down, so I'm afraid you'll have to wait until tomorrow

15 I'd like to find E off a very nasty smell when it's heated

16 This chemical gives F up with that i iea should have won the Nobel Prize

17 Cancer treatments have come G through to the Radiology Department, please

18 1 wonder if you could put me H out much more about technology in the Bronze Age

C REWRITE : Write between two and five words in each gap

19- I can't wait until we do some experi rients in the science lab FORWARD

I’m really some

experiments in the science lab

20-Communication changed completely when the telephone was introduced, WITH

Communication changed

completely the telephone

21-Dr Frankenstein was finally successful in bringing the monster to life MANAGED

Dr Frankenstein the monster

to life

22-I can't understand how they built the Pyramids, IMPOSSIBLE

 I how they buiit the Pyramids

23-Fleming discovered penicillin as a result of a little luck RESULTED

 A littie luck penicillin

24-People sometimes call nurses 'angels' KNOWN

 Nurses 'angels'

25-Einstein eventually realised that he was wrong CONCLUSION

 Einstein eventually that he

was wrong

26- Our physics teacher tried to explain the Theory of Relativity ATTEMPT

 Our physics teacher exp!aining the

Theory of Relativity

27- We'll save enough money and then we'll buy a computer SOON

 We'll buy a computer saved enough money

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER

28-This time next weeK, we the 32- 'What is it?'

chemistry exam - We won't know until at it

A- have finished under a microscope.'

B- have been finishing A -we're going to look

C- will have finished B- we'll have looked

D-will have been finishing C- we'll be looking

29-W'hen I grow up, an inventor D-we’ve looked

A -I'm being 33 You won't get any radio reception

B- I‘m going to be while

through the tunnel

C- I will have been A- you've driven

D- I will be being B- you'll drive

30- Shirley will her research for the C- you’re driving

next few weeks D-you II be driving

A -have done 34- - 'I'm going to set

up the equipment in

B -be doing a

minute.'

C -have been doing - ' give you a hand?'

D -have been done A - Shall I 31- Next year, Sam will patients at B- Will I

this hospital for twenty-five years C-

Would I

A-have been treating D-Do I B-treat

C-be treating

D- be going to treat

CHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER

35- Do you know who the fact that 39- Once they've

finished the extension to

sound travels in waves? the , there'll be room for them to

A- invented C- discovered take on a lot more

workers

B-developed D- found A- manufacturing C- industry

36-I'm thinking of getting a fax B- trade D- factory

A- machine C- motor 40- Shannen doesn't dye her hair; it's

B- engine D- instrument blonde

37- The of the outbreak of the A- physically C- logically

disease is still unknown B- naturally D- organically

A- aim C- cause 41- I've it in at the mains but it still

B- reason D- motive doesn't seem to work

38- Ten million text messages are sent on A- worked C- narrowed every minute B- turned D- plugged

A- normal C- general

B- common D- average

WORD FORM FCE 3 T3

1- I had to check the wages in to my normal work (add) 2- During his the family lived in Cornwall ( child)

3- This matter is very Don’t discuss it outside this office ( confidence)

4- Those berries are Don’t eat them (poison)

5- He was very of the work he had done (pride)

6- There has been a of 10% in the amount of money available for buying new books (reduce)

7- He is interested in the of old buildings (preserve)

8- The manager handed in his after being accused of

dishonesty ( resign)

9- All the newspapers praised the of the firemen ( brave) FCE 3 T4

10- Saucepans are sold in the goods department ( house) 11- The group called “Friends of the Earth” is concerned about

the of the natural environment (conserve)

12- The thief replaced the diamond with a stone ( worth) 13- about the company’s future mean that few people wanted to invest money in it ( certain)

14- Simon admitted that his cruel joke was (intend)

15- People with very skin shouldn’t go sunbathing for long periods ( sense)

16- Thousands of people have been made by the war (home)